.\" Copyright (c) 2002-2004 Tim J. Robbins. All rights reserved.
.\" Copyright (c) 1993
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.\" From @(#)multibyte.3	8.1 (Berkeley) 6/4/93
.\" From FreeBSD: src/lib/libc/locale/multibyte.3,v 1.22 2003/11/08 03:23:11 tjr Exp
.\" $FreeBSD: head/lib/libc/locale/wctomb.3 165903 2007-01-09 00:28:16Z imp $
.\"
.Dd December 27, 2013
.Dt WCTOMB 3
.Os
.Sh NAME
.Nm wctomb ,
.Nm wctomb_l
.Nd convert a wide-character code to a character
.Sh LIBRARY
.Lb libc
.Sh SYNOPSIS
.In stdlib.h
.Ft int
.Fn wctomb "char *mbchar" "wchar_t wchar"
.In xlocale.h
.Ft int
.Fn wctomb_l "char *mbchar" "wchar_t wchar" "locale_t locale"
.Sh DESCRIPTION
The
.Fn wctomb
and
.Fn wctomb_l
functions convert a wide character
.Fa wchar
into a multibyte character and store
the result in
.Fa mbchar .
The object pointed to by
.Fa mbchar
must be large enough to accommodate the multibyte character, which
may be up to
.Dv MB_LEN_MAX
bytes.
.Pp
A call with a null
.Fa mbchar
pointer returns nonzero if the current locale requires shift states,
zero otherwise;
if shift states are required, the shift state is reset to the initial state.
.Pp
The
.Fn wctomb_l
function takes an explicit
.Fa locale
argument, whereas the
.Fn wctomb
function uses the current global or per-thread locale.
.Sh RETURN VALUES
If
.Fa mbchar
is
.Dv NULL ,
the
.Fn wctomb
and
.Fn wctomb_l
functions return nonzero if shift states are supported,
zero otherwise.
If
.Fa mbchar
is valid,
.Fn wctomb
and
.Fn wctomb_l
return
the number of bytes processed in
.Fa mbchar ,
or \-1 if no multibyte character
could be recognized or converted.
In this case,
.Fn wctomb Ns 's
and
.Fn wctomb_l Ns 's
internal conversion states are undefined.
.Sh ERRORS
The
.Fn wctomb
and
.Fn wctomb_l
functions will fail if:
.Bl -tag -width Er
.It Bq Er EILSEQ
An invalid multibyte sequence was detected.
.It Bq Er EINVAL
The internal conversion state is invalid.
.El
.Sh SEE ALSO
.Xr mbtowc 3 ,
.Xr wcrtomb 3 ,
.Xr wcstombs 3 ,
.Xr wctob 3 ,
.Xr xlocale 3
.Sh STANDARDS
The
.Fn wctomb
function conforms to
.St -isoC-99 .