1 Updating Information for FreeBSD current users.
3 This file is maintained and copyrighted by M. Warner Losh <imp@freebsd.org>.
4 See end of file for further details. For commonly done items, please see the
5 COMMON ITEMS: section later in the file. These instructions assume that you
6 basically know what you are doing. If not, then please consult the FreeBSD
9 https://docs.freebsd.org/en/books/handbook/cutting-edge/#makeworld
11 Items affecting the ports and packages system can be found in
12 /usr/ports/UPDATING. Please read that file before updating system packages
15 NOTE TO PEOPLE WHO THINK THAT FreeBSD 14.x IS SLOW:
16 FreeBSD 14.x has many debugging features turned on, in both the kernel
17 and userland. These features attempt to detect incorrect use of
18 system primitives, and encourage loud failure through extra sanity
19 checking and fail stop semantics. They also substantially impact
20 system performance. If you want to do performance measurement,
21 benchmarking, and optimization, you'll want to turn them off. This
22 includes various WITNESS- related kernel options, INVARIANTS, malloc
23 debugging flags in userland, and various verbose features in the
24 kernel. Many developers choose to disable these features on build
25 machines to maximize performance. (To completely disable malloc
26 debugging, define WITH_MALLOC_PRODUCTION in /etc/src.conf and rebuild
27 world, or to merely disable the most expensive debugging functionality
28 at runtime, run "ln -s 'abort:false,junk:false' /etc/malloc.conf".)
31 As of commit 55089ef4f8bb, the global variable nfs_maxcopyrange has
32 been deleted from the nfscommon.ko. As such, nfsd.ko must be built
33 from up to date sources to avoid an undefined reference when
37 As of commit 62ca9fc1ad56 OpenSSL no longer enables kernel TLS
38 by default. Users can enable kernel TLS via the "KTLS" SSL
39 option. This can be enabled globally by using a custom
40 OpenSSL config file via OPENSSL_CONF or via an
41 application-specific configuration option for applications
42 which permit setting SSL options via SSL_CONF_cmd(3).
45 Commit 3ad1e1c1ce20 changed the internal KAPI between the NFS
46 modules. Therefore, all need to be rebuilt from sources.
49 Commit b69019c14cd8 removes pf's DIOCGETSTATESNV ioctl.
50 As of be70c7a50d32 it is no longer used by userspace, but it does mean
51 users may not be able to enumerate pf states if they update the kernel
52 past b69019c14cd8 without first updating userspace past be70c7a50d32.
55 As of commit 01ad0c007964 if_bridge member interfaces can no longer
56 change their MTU. Changing the MTU of the bridge itself will change the
57 MTU on all member interfaces instead.
60 Commit ee29e6f31111 changed the internal KAPI between the nfscommon
61 and nfsd modules. Therefore, both need to be rebuilt from sources.
62 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 1400026 for this KAPI change.
65 The 20210707 awk update brought in a change in behavior. This has
66 been corrected as of d4d252c49976. Between these dates, if you
67 installed a new awk binary, you may not be able to build a new
68 kernel because the change in behavior affected the genoffset
69 script used to build the kernel. If you did update, the fix is
70 to update your sources past the above hash and do
73 % sudo -E make install
74 to enable building kernels again.
77 Commit 1e0a518d6548 changed the internal KAPI between the NFS
78 modules. They all need to be rebuilt from sources. I did not
79 bump __FreeBSD_version, since it was bumped recently.
82 awk has been updated to the latest one-true-awk version 20210215.
83 This contains a number of minor bug fixes.
86 The NFSv4 client now uses the highest minor version of NFSv4
87 supported by the NFSv4 server by default instead of minor version 0,
89 The "minorversion" mount option may be used to override this default.
92 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 1400024 for LinuxKPI changes.
93 Most notably netdev.h can change now as the (last) dependencies
94 (mlx4/ofed) are now using struct ifnet directly, but also for PCI
98 The directory "blacklisted" under /usr/share/certs/ has been
99 renamed to "untrusted".
102 svnlite has been removed from base. Should you need svn for any reason
103 please install the svn package or port.
106 Commit e1a907a25cfa changed the internal KAPI between the krpc
107 and nfsserver. As such, both modules must be rebuilt from
108 sources. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 1400022.
111 The an(4) driver has been removed from FreeBSD.
114 The vendor/openzfs branch was renamed to vendor/openzfs/legacy to
115 start tracking OpenZFS upstream more closely. Please see
116 https://lists.freebsd.org/archives/freebsd-current/2021-June/000153.html
117 for details on how to correct any errors that might result. The
118 short version is that you need to remove the old branch locally:
119 git update-ref -d refs/remotes/freebsd/vendor/openzfs
120 (assuming your upstream origin is named 'freebsd').
123 Commits 17accc08ae15 and de102f870501 add new files to LinuxKPI
124 which break drm-kmod. In addition various other additions where
125 comitted. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 1400015 to be able to detect this.
128 Commit ca179c4d74f2 changed the package in which the OpenSSL
129 libraries and utilities are packaged.
130 It is recommended for pkgbase user to do:
131 pkg install -f FreeBSD-openssl
132 before pkg upgrade otherwise some dependencies might not be met
133 and pkg will stop working as libssl will not be present anymore
137 Commit 875977314881 changed the internal KAPI between
138 the nfsd and nfscommon modules. As such these modules
139 need to be rebuilt from sources.
140 Without this patch in your NFSv4.1/4.2 server, enabling
141 delegations by setting vfs.nfsd.issue_delegations non-zero
145 Commit 7763814fc9c2 changed the internal KAPI between
146 the krpc and NFS. As such, the krpc, nfscommon and
147 nfscl modules must all be rebuilt from sources.
148 Without this patch, NFSv4.1/4.2 mounts should not
149 be done with the nfscbd(8) daemon running, to avoid
150 needing a working back channel for server->client RPCs.
153 Commit 01ae8969a9ee fixed the NFSv4.1/4.2 server so that it
154 handles binding of the back channel as required by RFC5661.
155 Until this patch is in your server, avoid use of the "nconnects"
156 mount option for Linux NFSv4.1/4.2 mounts.
159 For 64-bit architectures the base system is now built with Position
160 Independent Executable (PIE) support enabled by default. It may be
161 disabled using the WITHOUT_PIE knob. A clean build is required.
164 Various LinuxKPI functionality was added which conflicts with DRM.
165 Please update your drm-kmod port to after the __FreeBSD_verison 1400003
169 PC Card attachments for all devices have been removed. In the case of
170 wi and cmx, the entire drivers were removed because they were only
171 PC Card devices. FreeBSD_version 1300134 should be used for this
172 since it was bumped so recently.
175 Transport-independent parts of HID support have been split off the USB
176 code in to separate subsystem. Kernel configs which include one of
177 ums, ukbd, uhid, atp, wsp, wmt, uaudio, ugold or ucycom drivers should
178 be updated with adding of "device hid" line.
181 ncurses installation has been modified to only keep the widechar
182 enabled version. Incremental build is broken for that change, so it
183 requires a clean build.
186 The FreeBSD project has migrated from Subversion to Git. Temporary
187 instructions can be found at
188 https://github.com/bsdimp/freebsd-git-docs/blob/main/src-cvt.md
189 and other documents in that repo.
192 The services database has been updated to cover more of the basic
193 services expected in a modern system. The database is big enough
194 that it will cause issues in mergemaster in Releases previous to
195 12.2 and 11.3, or in very old current systems from before r358154.
198 Obsolete in-tree GDB 6.1.1 has been removed. GDB (including kgdb)
199 may be installed from ports or packages.
202 ping6 has been merged into ping. It can now be called as "ping -6".
203 See ping(8) for details.
206 Default value of net.add_addr_allfibs has been changed to 0.
207 If you have multi-fib configuration and rely on existence of all
208 interface routes in every fib, you need to set the above sysctl to 1.
211 The internal pre-processor in the calendar(1) program has been
212 extended to support more C pre-processor commands (e.g. #ifdef, #else,
213 and #undef) and to detect unbalanced conditional statements.
214 Error messages have been extended to include the filename and line
215 number if processing stops to help fixing malformed data files.
218 All the data files for the calendar(1) program, except calendar.freebsd,
219 have been moved to the deskutils/calendar-data port, much like the
220 jewish calendar entries were moved to deskutils/hebcal years ago. After
221 make delete-old-files, you need to install it to retain full
222 functionality. calendar(1) will issue a reminder for files it can't
226 LINT files are no longer generated. We now include the relevant NOTES
227 files. Note: This may cause conflicts with updating in some cases.
228 find sys -name LINT\* -delete
229 is suggested across this commit to remove the generated LINT files.
231 If you have tried to update with generated files there, the svn
232 command you want to un-auger the tree is
235 and then do the above find from the top level. Substitute 'amd64'
236 above with where the error message indicates a conflict.
239 OpenZFS support has been integrated. Do not upgrade root pools until
240 the loader is updated to support zstd. Furthermore, we caution against
241 'zpool upgrade' for the next few weeks. The change should be transparent
242 unless you want to use new features.
244 Not all "NO_CLEAN" build scenarios work across these changes. Many
245 scenarios have been tested and fixed, but rebuilding kernels without
246 rebuilding world may fail.
248 The ZFS cache file has moved from /boot to /etc to match the OpenZFS
249 upstream default. A fallback to /boot has been added for mountroot.
251 Pool auto import behavior at boot has been moved from the kernel module
252 to an explicit "zpool import -a" in one of the rc scripts enabled by
253 zfs_enable=YES. This means your non-root zpools won't auto import until
254 you upgrade your /etc/rc.d files.
257 The resume code now notifies devd with the 'kernel' system
258 rather than the old 'kern' subsystem to be consistent with
259 other use. The old notification will be created as well, but
260 will be removed prior to FreeBSD 14.0.
263 r362275 changed the internal API between the kernel RPC and the
264 NFS modules. As such, all the modules must be recompiled from
268 r364330 modified the internal API used between the NFS modules.
269 As such, all the NFS modules must be re-compiled from sources.
272 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
273 been upgraded to 11.0.0. Please see the 20141231 entry below for
274 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
275 using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
278 r364092 modified the internal ABI used between the kernel NFS
279 modules. As such, all of these modules need to be rebuilt
280 from sources, so a version bump was done.
283 Makefile.inc has been updated to work around the issue documented in
284 20200729. It was a case where the optimization of using symbolic links
285 to point to binaries created a situation where we'd run new binaries
286 with old libraries starting midway through the installworld process.
289 r363679 has redefined some undefined behavior in regcomp(3); notably,
290 extraneous escapes of most ordinary characters will no longer be
291 accepted. An exp-run has identified all of the problems with this in
292 ports, but other non-ports software may need extra escapes removed to
293 continue to function.
295 Because of this change, installworld may encounter the following error
296 from rtld: Undefined symbol "regcomp@FBSD_1.6" -- It is imperative that
297 you do not halt installworld. Instead, let it run to completion (whether
298 successful or not) and run installworld once more.
301 A new implementation of bc and dc has been imported in r362681. This
302 implementation corrects non-conformant behavior of the previous bc
303 and adds GNU bc compatible options. It offers a number of extensions,
304 is much faster on large values, and has support for message catalogs
305 (a number of languages are already supported, contributions of further
306 languages welcome). The option WITHOUT_GH_BC can be used to build the
307 world with the previous versions of bc and dc.
310 r362639 changed the internal API used between the NFS kernel modules.
311 As such, they all need to be rebuilt from sources.
314 r362158 changed the arguments for VFS_CHECKEXP(). As such, any
315 out of tree file systems need to be modified and rebuilt.
316 Also, any file systems that are modules must be rebuilt.
319 read(2) of a directory fd is now rejected by default. root may
320 re-enable it for system root only on non-ZFS filesystems with the
321 security.bsd.allow_read_dir sysctl(8) MIB if
322 security.bsd.suser_enabled=1.
324 It may be advised to setup aliases for grep to default to `-d skip` if
325 commonly non-recursively grepping a list that includes directories and
326 the potential for the resulting stderr output is not tolerable. Example
327 aliases are now installed, commented out, in /root/.cshrc and
331 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
332 been upgraded to 10.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for
333 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
334 using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
337 Support for obsolete compilers has been removed from the build system.
338 Clang 6 and GCC 6.4 are the minimum supported versions.
341 closefrom(2) has been moved under COMPAT12, and replaced in libc with a
342 stub that calls close_range(2). If using a custom kernel configuration,
343 you may want to ensure that the COMPAT_FREEBSD12 option is included, as
344 a slightly older -CURRENT userland and older FreeBSD userlands may not
345 be functional without closefrom(2).
348 Upstream DTS from Linux 5.6 was merged and they now have the SID
349 and THS (Secure ID controller and THermal Sensor) node present.
350 The DTB overlays have now been removed from the tree for the H3/H5 and
351 A64 SoCs and the aw_sid and aw_thermal driver have been updated to
352 deal with upstream DTS. If you are using those overlays you need to
353 remove them from loader.conf and update the DTBs on the FAT partition.
356 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
357 been upgraded to 10.0.0. Please see the 20141231 entry below for
358 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
359 using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
362 The amd(8) automount daemon has been removed from the source tree.
363 As of FreeBSD 10.1 autofs(5) is the preferred tool for automounting.
364 amd is still available in the sysutils/am-utils port.
367 Removed brooktree driver (bktr.4) from the tree.
370 The WITH_GPL_DTC option has been removed. The BSD-licenced device tree
371 compiler in usr.bin/dtc is used on all architectures which use dtc, and
372 the GPL dtc is available (if needed) from the sysutils/dtc port.
375 The WITHOUT_LLVM_LIBUNWIND option has been removed. LLVM's libunwind
376 is used by all supported CPU architectures.
379 GCC 4.2.1 has been removed from the tree. The WITH_GCC,
380 WITH_GCC_BOOTSTRAP, and WITH_GNUCXX options are no longer available.
381 Users who wish to build FreeBSD with GCC must use the external toolchain
385 ncurses has been updated to a newer version (6.2-20200215). Given the ABI
386 has changed, users will have to rebuild all the ports that are linked to
390 The size of struct vnet and the magic cookie have changed.
391 Users need to recompile libkvm and all modules using VIMAGE
392 together with their new kernel.
395 Defining the long deprecated NO_CTF, NO_DEBUG_FILES, NO_INSTALLLIB,
396 NO_MAN, NO_PROFILE, and NO_WARNS variables is now an error. Update
397 your Makefiles and scripts to define MK_<var>=no instead as required.
399 One exception to this is that program or library Makefiles should
400 define MAN to empty rather than setting MK_MAN=no.
403 Clang/LLVM is now the default compiler and LLD the default
407 make universe no longer uses GCC 4.2.1 on any architectures.
408 Architectures not supported by in-tree Clang/LLVM require an
409 external toolchain package.
412 GCC 4.2.1 is now not built by default, as part of the GCC 4.2.1
413 retirement plan. Specifically, the GCC, GCC_BOOTSTRAP, and GNUCXX
414 options default to off for all supported CPU architectures. As a
415 short-term transition aid they may be enabled via WITH_* options.
416 GCC 4.2.1 is expected to be removed from the tree on 2020-03-31.
419 Support for armv5 has been disconnected and is being removed. The
420 machine combination MACHINE=arm MACHINE_ARCH=arm is no longer valid.
421 You must now use a MACHINE_ARCH of armv6 or armv7. The default
422 MACHINE_ARCH for MACHINE=arm is now armv7.
425 Clang/LLVM is now the default compiler for all powerpc architectures.
426 LLD is now the default linker for powerpc64. The change for powerpc64
427 also includes a change to the ELFv2 ABI, incompatible with the existing
431 Kernel-loadable random(4) modules are no longer unloadable.
434 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
435 been upgraded to 9.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for
436 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
437 using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
440 r355677 has modified the internal interface used between the
441 NFS modules in the kernel. As such, they must all be upgraded
442 simultaneously. I will do a version bump for this.
445 The root certificates of the Mozilla CA Certificate Store have been
446 imported into the base system and can be managed with the certctl(8)
447 utility. If you have installed the security/ca_root_nss port or package
448 with the ETCSYMLINK option (the default), be advised that there may be
449 differences between those included in the port and those included in
450 base due to differences in nss branch used as well as general update
451 frequency. Note also that certctl(8) cannot manage certs in the
452 format used by the security/ca_root_nss port.
455 The amd(8) automount daemon has been disabled by default, and will be
456 removed in the future. As of FreeBSD 10.1 the autofs(5) is available
460 The nctgpio and wbwd drivers have been moved to the superio bus.
461 If you have one of these drivers in a kernel configuration, then
462 you should add device superio to it. If you use one of these drivers
463 as a module and you compile a custom set of modules, then you should
464 add superio to the set.
467 KPIs for network drivers to access interface addresses have changed.
468 Users need to recompile NIC driver modules together with kernel.
471 The net.link.tap.user_open sysctl no longer prevents user opening of
472 already created /dev/tapNN devices. Access is still controlled by
473 node permissions, just like tun devices. The net.link.tap.user_open
474 sysctl is now used only to allow users to perform devfs cloning of
475 tap devices, and the subsequent open may not succeed if the user is not
476 in the appropriate group. This sysctl may be deprecated/removed
477 completely in the future.
480 mips, powerpc, and sparc64 are no longer built as part of
481 universe / tinderbox unless MAKE_OBSOLETE_GCC is defined. If
482 not defined, mips, powerpc, and sparc64 builds will look for
483 the xtoolchain binaries and if installed use them for universe
484 builds. As llvm 9.0 becomes vetted for these architectures, they
485 will be removed from the list.
488 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
489 been upgraded to 9.0.0. Please see the 20141231 entry below for
490 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
491 using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
494 The hpt27xx, hptmv, hptnr, and hptrr drivers have been removed from
495 GENERIC. They are available as modules and can be loaded by adding
496 to /boot/loader.conf hpt27xx_load="YES", hptmv_load="YES",
497 hptnr_load="YES", or hptrr_load="YES", respectively.
500 ntpd no longer by default locks its pages in memory, allowing them
501 to be paged out by the kernel. Use rlimit memlock to restore
502 historic BSD behaviour. For example, add "rlimit memlock 32"
503 to ntp.conf to lock up to 32 MB of ntpd address space in memory.
506 Several of ping6's options have been renamed for better consistency
507 with ping. If you use any of -ARWXaghmrtwx, you must update your
508 scripts. See ping6(8) for details.
511 The vfs.fusefs.sync_unmount and vfs.fusefs.init_backgrounded sysctls
512 and the "-o sync_unmount" and "-o init_backgrounded" mount options have
513 been removed from mount_fusefs(8). You can safely remove them from
514 your scripts, because they had no effect.
516 The vfs.fusefs.fix_broken_io, vfs.fusefs.sync_resize,
517 vfs.fusefs.refresh_size, vfs.fusefs.mmap_enable,
518 vfs.fusefs.reclaim_revoked, and vfs.fusefs.data_cache_invalidate
519 sysctls have been removed. If you felt the need to set any of them to
520 a non-default value, please tell asomers@FreeBSD.org why.
523 Default permissions on the /var/account/acct file (and copies of it
524 rotated by periodic daily scripts) are changed from 0644 to 0640
525 because the file contains sensitive information that should not be
526 world-readable. If the /var/account directory must be created by
527 rc.d/accounting, the mode used is now 0750. Admins who use the
528 accounting feature are encouraged to change the mode of an existing
529 /var/account directory to 0750 or 0700.
532 Entropy collection and the /dev/random device are no longer optional
533 components. The "device random" option has been removed.
534 Implementations of distilling algorithms can still be made loadable
535 with "options RANDOM_LOADABLE" (e.g., random_fortuna.ko).
538 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
539 been upgraded to 8.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for
540 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
541 using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
544 A fix was applied to i386 kernel modules to avoid panics with
545 dpcpu or vnet. Users need to recompile i386 kernel modules
546 having pcpu or vnet sections or they will refuse to load.
549 User-wired pages now have their own counter,
550 vm.stats.vm.v_user_wire_count. The vm.max_wired sysctl was renamed
551 to vm.max_user_wired and changed from an unsigned int to an unsigned
552 long. bhyve VMs wired with the -S are now subject to the user
553 wiring limit; the vm.max_user_wired sysctl may need to be tuned to
554 avoid running into the limit.
557 The IPSEC option has been removed from GENERIC. Users requiring
558 ipsec(4) must now load the ipsec(4) kernel module.
561 The tap(4) driver has been folded into tun(4), and the module has been
562 renamed to tuntap. You should update any kld_list="if_tap" or
563 kld_list="if_tun" entries in /etc/rc.conf, if_tap_load="YES" or
564 if_tun_load="YES" entries in /boot/loader.conf to load the if_tuntap
565 module instead, and "device tap" or "device tun" entries in kernel
566 config files to select the tuntap device instead.
569 The following knobs have been added related to tradeoffs between
570 safe use of the random device and availability in the absence of
573 kern.random.initial_seeding.bypass_before_seeding: tunable; set
574 non-zero to bypass the random device prior to seeding, or zero to
575 block random requests until the random device is initially seeded.
576 For now, set to 1 (unsafe) by default to restore pre-r346250 boot
577 availability properties.
579 kern.random.initial_seeding.read_random_bypassed_before_seeding:
580 read-only diagnostic sysctl that is set when bypass is enabled and
581 read_random(9) is bypassed, to enable programmatic handling of this
582 initial condition, if desired.
584 kern.random.initial_seeding.arc4random_bypassed_before_seeding:
585 Similar to the above, but for for arc4random(9) initial seeding.
587 kern.random.initial_seeding.disable_bypass_warnings: tunable; set
588 non-zero to disable warnings in dmesg when the same conditions are
589 met as for the diagnostic sysctls above. Defaults to zero, i.e.,
590 produce warnings in dmesg when the conditions are met.
593 The loadable random module KPI has changed; the random_infra_init()
594 routine now requires a 3rd function pointer for a bool (*)(void)
595 method that returns true if the random device is seeded (and
596 therefore unblocked).
599 r345895 reverts r320698. This implies that an nfsuserd(8) daemon
600 built from head sources between r320757 (July 6, 2017) and
601 r338192 (Aug. 22, 2018) will not work unless the "-use-udpsock"
602 is added to the command line.
603 nfsuserd daemons built from head sources that are post-r338192 are
604 not affected and should continue to work.
607 The fuse(4) module has been renamed to fusefs(4) for consistency with
608 other filesystems. You should update any kld_load="fuse" entries in
609 /etc/rc.conf, fuse_load="YES" entries in /boot/loader.conf, and
610 "options FUSE" entries in kernel config files.
613 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to
614 8.0.0. Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about
615 prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0
619 geom_uzip(4) depends on the new module xz. If geom_uzip is statically
620 compiled into your custom kernel, add 'device xz' statement to the
624 drm and drm2 have been removed from the tree. Please see
625 https://wiki.freebsd.org/Graphics for the latest information on
626 migrating to the drm ports.
629 Iflib is no longer unconditionally compiled into the kernel. Drivers
630 using iflib and statically compiled into the kernel, now require
631 the 'device iflib' config option. For the same drivers loaded as
632 modules on kernels not having 'device iflib', the iflib.ko module
633 is loaded automatically.
636 The IEEE80211_AMPDU_AGE and AH_SUPPORT_AR5416 kernel configuration
637 options no longer exist since r343219 and r343427 respectively;
638 nothing uses them, so they should be just removed from custom
642 r342635 changes the way efibootmgr(8) works by requiring users to add
643 the -b (bootnum) parameter for commands where the bootnum was previously
644 specified with each option. For example 'efibootmgr -B 0001' is now
645 'efibootmgr -B -b 0001'.
648 r342286 modifies the NFSv4 server so that it obeys vfs.nfsd.nfs_privport
649 in the same as it is applied to NFSv2 and 3. This implies that NFSv4
650 servers that have vfs.nfsd.nfs_privport set will only allow mounts
651 from clients using a reserved port. Since both the FreeBSD and Linux
652 NFSv4 clients use reserved ports by default, this should not affect
656 The XLP config has been removed. We can't support 64-bit atomics in this
657 kernel because it is running in 32-bit mode. XLP users must transition
658 to running a 64-bit kernel (XLP64 or XLPN32).
660 The mips GXEMUL support has been removed from FreeBSD. MALTA* + qemu is
661 the preferred emulator today and we don't need two different ones.
663 The old sibyte / swarm / Broadcom BCM1250 support has been
664 removed from the mips port.
667 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to
668 7.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about
669 prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0
673 Remove the timed and netdate programs from the base tree. Setting
674 the time with these daemons has been obsolete for over a decade.
677 On amd64, arm64 and armv7 (architectures that install LLVM's ld.lld
678 linker as /usr/bin/ld) GNU ld is no longer installed as ld.bfd, as
679 it produces broken binaries when ifuncs are in use. Users needing
680 GNU ld should install the binutils port or package.
683 The BSD crtbegin and crtend code has been enabled by default. It has
684 had extensive testing on amd64, arm64, and i386. It can be disabled
685 by building a world with -DWITHOUT_BSD_CRTBEGIN.
688 The set of CTM commands (ctm, ctm_smail, ctm_rmail, ctm_dequeue)
689 has been converted to a port (misc/ctm) and will be removed from
690 FreeBSD-13. It is available as a package (ctm) for all supported
694 The default newsyslog.conf(5) file has been changed to only include
695 files in /etc/newsyslog.conf.d/ and /usr/local/etc/newsyslog.conf.d/ if
696 the filenames end in '.conf' and do not begin with a '.'.
698 You should check the configuration files in these two directories match
699 this naming convention. You can verify which configuration files are
700 being included using the command:
704 Ports for the DRM modules have been simplified. Now, amd64 users should
705 just install the drm-kmod port. All others should install
708 Graphics hardware that's newer than about 2010 usually works with
709 drm-kmod. For hardware older than 2013, however, some users will need
710 to use drm-legacy-kmod if drm-kmod doesn't work for them. Hardware older
711 than 2008 usually only works in drm-legacy-kmod. The graphics team can
712 only commit to hardware made since 2013 due to the complexity of the
713 market and difficulty to test all the older cards effectively. If you
714 have hardware supported by drm-kmod, you are strongly encouraged to use
715 that as you will get better support.
717 Other than KPI chasing, drm-legacy-kmod will not be updated. As outlined
718 elsewhere, the drm and drm2 modules will be eliminated from the src base
719 soon (with a limited exception for arm). Please update to the package
720 asap and report any issues to x11@freebsd.org.
722 Generally, anybody using the drm*-kmod packages should add
723 WITHOUT_DRM_MODULE=t and WITHOUT_DRM2_MODULE=t to avoid nasty
724 cross-threading surprises, especially with automatic driver
725 loading from X11 startup. These will become the defaults in 13-current
729 The ixlv(4) driver has been renamed to iavf(4). As a consequence,
730 custom kernel and module loading configuration files must be updated
731 accordingly. Moreover, interfaces previous presented as ixlvN to the
732 system are now exposed as iavfN and network configuration files must
733 be adjusted as necessary.
736 OpenSSL has been updated to version 1.1.1. This update included
737 additional various API changes throughout the base system. It is
738 important to rebuild third-party software after upgrading. The value
739 of __FreeBSD_version has been bumped accordingly.
742 The legacy DRM modules and drivers have now been added to the loader's
743 module blacklist, in favor of loading them with kld_list in rc.conf(5).
744 The module blacklist may be overridden with the loader.conf(5)
745 'module_blacklist' variable, but loading them via rc.conf(5) is strongly
749 The cam(4) based nda(4) driver will be used over nvd(4) by default on
750 powerpc64. You may set 'options NVME_USE_NVD=1' in your kernel conf or
751 loader tunable 'hw.nvme.use_nvd=1' if you wish to use the existing
752 driver. Make sure to edit /boot/etc/kboot.conf and fstab to use the
756 Reproducible build mode is now on by default, in preparation for
757 FreeBSD 12.0. This eliminates build metadata such as the user,
758 host, and time from the kernel (and uname), unless the working tree
759 corresponds to a modified checkout from a version control system.
760 The previous behavior can be obtained by setting the /etc/src.conf
761 knob WITHOUT_REPRODUCIBLE_BUILD.
764 The Yarrow CSPRNG has been removed from the kernel as it has not been
765 supported by its designers since at least 2003. Fortuna has been the
766 default since FreeBSD-11.
769 devctl freeze/thaw have gone into the tree, the rc scripts have been
770 updated to use them and devmatch has been changed. You should update
771 kernel, userland and rc scripts all at the same time.
774 The default interpreter has been switched from 4th to Lua.
775 LOADER_DEFAULT_INTERP, documented in build(7), will override the default
776 interpreter. If you have custom FORTH code you will need to set
777 LOADER_DEFAULT_INTERP=4th (valid values are 4th, lua or simp) in
778 src.conf for the build. This will create default hard links between
779 loader and loader_4th instead of loader and loader_lua, the new default.
780 If you are using UEFI it will create the proper hard link to loader.efi.
782 bhyve uses userboot.so. It remains 4th-only until some issues are solved
783 regarding coexisting with multiple versions of FreeBSD are resolved.
786 ls(1) now respects the COLORTERM environment variable used in other
787 systems and software to indicate that a colored terminal is both
788 supported and desired. If ls(1) is suddenly emitting colors, they may
789 be disabled again by either removing the unwanted COLORTERM from your
790 environment, or using `ls --color=never`. The ls(1) specific CLICOLOR
791 may not be observed in a future release.
794 The default pager for most commands has been changed to "less". To
795 restore the old behavior, set PAGER="more" and MANPAGER="more -s" in
799 The jedec_ts(4) driver has been removed. A superset of its functionality
800 is available in the jedec_dimm(4) driver, and the manpage for that
801 driver includes migration instructions. If you have "device jedec_ts"
802 in your kernel configuration file, it must be removed.
805 amd64/GENERIC now has EFI runtime services, EFIRT, enabled by default.
806 This should have no effect if the kernel is booted via BIOS/legacy boot.
807 EFIRT may be disabled via a loader tunable, efi.rt.disabled, if a system
808 has a buggy firmware that prevents a successful boot due to use of
812 Atmel AT91RM9200 and AT91SAM9, Cavium CNS 11xx and XScale
813 support has been removed from the tree. These ports were
814 obsolete and/or known to be broken for many years.
817 loader.efi has been augmented to participate more fully in the
818 UEFI boot manager protocol. loader.efi will now look at the
819 BootXXXX environment variable to determine if a specific kernel
820 or root partition was specified. XXXX is derived from BootCurrent.
821 efibootmgr(8) manages these standard UEFI variables.
824 zfsloader's functionality has now been folded into loader.
825 zfsloader is no longer necessary once you've updated your
826 boot blocks. For a transition period, we will install a
827 hardlink for zfsloader to loader to allow a smooth transition
828 until the boot blocks can be updated (hard link because old
829 zfs boot blocks don't understand symlinks).
832 ARM64 now have efifb support, if you want to have serial console
833 on your arm64 board when an screen is connected and the bootloader
834 setup a frame buffer for us to use, just add :
838 For Raspberry Pi 3 (RPI) users, this is needed even if you don't have
839 an screen connected as the firmware will setup a frame buffer are that
840 u-boot will expose as an EFI frame buffer.
843 New uid:gid added, ntpd:ntpd (123:123). Be sure to run mergemaster
844 or take steps to update /etc/passwd before doing installworld on
845 existing systems. Do not skip the "mergemaster -Fp" step before
846 installworld, as described in the update procedures near the bottom
847 of this document. Also, rc.d/ntpd now starts ntpd(8) as user ntpd
848 if the new mac_ntpd(4) policy is available, unless ntpd_flags or
849 the ntp config file contain options that change file/dir locations.
850 When such options (e.g., "statsdir" or "crypto") are used, ntpd can
851 still be run as non-root by setting ntpd_user=ntpd in rc.conf, after
852 taking steps to ensure that all required files/dirs are accessible
856 Big endian arm support has been removed.
859 The static environment setup in kernel configs is no longer mutually
860 exclusive with the loader(8) environment by default. In order to
861 restore the previous default behavior of disabling the loader(8)
862 environment if a static environment is present, you must specify
863 loader_env.disabled=1 in the static environment.
866 The ABI of syscalls used by management tools like sockstat and
867 netstat has been broken to allow 32-bit binaries to work on
868 64-bit kernels without modification. These programs will need
869 to match the kernel in order to function. External programs may
870 require minor modifications to accommodate a change of type in
871 structures from pointers to 64-bit virtual addresses.
874 On i386 and amd64 atomics are now inlined. Out of tree modules using
875 atomics will need to be rebuilt.
878 The '%I' format in the kern.corefile sysctl limits the number of
879 core files that a process can generate to the number stored in the
880 debug.ncores sysctl. The '%I' format is replaced by the single digit
881 index. Previously, if all indexes were taken the kernel would overwrite
882 only a core file with the highest index in a filename.
883 Currently the system will create a new core file if there is a free
884 index or if all slots are taken it will overwrite the oldest one.
887 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to
888 6.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about
889 prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0
893 r335753 introduced a new quoting method. However, etc/devd/devmatch.conf
894 needed to be changed to work with it. This change was made with r335763
895 and requires a mergemaster / etcupdate / etc to update the installed
899 r334930 changed the interface between the NFS modules, so they all
900 need to be rebuilt. r335018 did a __FreeBSD_version bump for this.
903 As of r334391 lld is the default amd64 system linker; it is installed
904 as /usr/bin/ld. Kernel build workarounds (see 20180510 entry) are no
908 The kernel / userland interface for devinfo changed, so you'll
909 need a new kernel and userland as a pair for it to work (rebuilding
910 lib/libdevinfo is all that's required). devinfo and devmatch will
911 not work, but everything else will when there's a mismatch.
914 The on-disk format for hwpmc callchain records has changed to include
915 threadid corresponding to a given record. This changes the field offsets
916 and thus requires that libpmcstat be rebuilt before using a kernel
920 The vxge(4) driver has been removed. This driver was introduced into
921 HEAD one week before the Exar left the Ethernet market and is not
922 known to be used. If you have device vxge in your kernel config file
926 The amd64 kernel now requires a ld that supports ifunc to produce a
927 working kernel, either lld or a newer binutils. lld is built by default
928 on amd64, and the 'buildkernel' target uses it automatically. However,
929 it is not the default linker, so building the kernel the traditional
930 way requires LD=ld.lld on the command line (or LD=/usr/local/bin/ld for
931 binutils port/package). lld will soon be default, and this requirement
934 NOTE: As of r334391 lld is the default system linker on amd64, and no
935 workaround is necessary.
938 The nxge(4) driver has been removed. This driver was for PCI-X 10g
939 cards made by s2io/Neterion. The company was acquired by Exar and
940 no longer sells or supports Ethernet products. If you have device
941 nxge in your kernel config file it must be removed.
944 The tz database (tzdb) has been updated to 2018e. This version more
945 correctly models time stamps in time zones with negative DST such as
946 Europe/Dublin (from 1971 on), Europe/Prague (1946/7), and
947 Africa/Windhoek (1994/2017). This does not affect the UT offsets, only
948 time zone abbreviations and the tm_isdst flag.
951 The ixgb(4) driver has been removed. This driver was for an early and
952 uncommon legacy PCI 10GbE for a single ASIC, Intel 82597EX. Intel
953 quickly shifted to the long lived ixgbe family. If you have device
954 ixgb in your kernel config file it must be removed.
957 The lmc(4) driver has been removed. This was a WAN interface
958 card that was already reportedly rare in 2003, and had an ambiguous
959 license. If you have device lmc in your kernel config file it must
963 Support for Arcnet networks has been removed. If you have device
964 arcnet or device cm in your kernel config file they must be
968 Support for FDDI networks has been removed. If you have device
969 fddi or device fpa in your kernel config file they must be
973 In addition to supporting RFC 3164 formatted messages, the
974 syslogd(8) service is now capable of parsing RFC 5424 formatted
975 log messages. The main benefit of using RFC 5424 is that clients
976 may now send log messages with timestamps containing year numbers,
977 microseconds and time zone offsets.
979 Similarly, the syslog(3) C library function has been altered to
980 send RFC 5424 formatted messages to the local system logging
981 daemon. On systems using syslogd(8), this change should have no
982 negative impact, as long as syslogd(8) and the C library are
983 updated at the same time. On systems using a different system
984 logging daemon, it may be necessary to make configuration
985 adjustments, depending on the software used.
987 When using syslog-ng, add the 'syslog-protocol' flag to local
988 input sources to enable parsing of RFC 5424 formatted messages:
991 unix-dgram("/var/run/log" flags(syslog-protocol));
994 When using rsyslog, disable the 'SysSock.UseSpecialParser' option
995 of the 'imuxsock' module to let messages be processed by the
996 regular RFC 3164/5424 parsing pipeline:
998 module(load="imuxsock" SysSock.UseSpecialParser="off")
1000 Do note that these changes only affect communication between local
1001 applications and syslogd(8). The format that syslogd(8) uses to
1002 store messages on disk or forward messages to other systems
1003 remains unchanged. syslogd(8) still uses RFC 3164 for these
1004 purposes. Options to customize this behaviour will be added in the
1005 future. Utilities that process log files stored in /var/log are
1006 thus expected to continue to function as before.
1008 __FreeBSD_version has been incremented to 1200061 to denote this
1012 Support for token ring networks has been removed. If you
1013 have "device token" in your kernel config you should remove
1014 it. No device drivers supported token ring.
1017 makefs was modified to be able to tag ISO9660 El Torito boot catalog
1018 entries as EFI instead of overloading the i386 tag as done previously.
1019 The amd64 mkisoimages.sh script used to build amd64 ISO images for
1020 release was updated to use this. This may mean that makefs must be
1021 updated before "make cdrom" can be run in the release directory. This
1022 should be as simple as:
1024 $ cd $SRCDIR/usr.sbin/makefs
1025 $ make depend all install
1028 FreeBSD boot loader enhanced with Lua scripting. It's purely opt-in for
1029 now by building WITH_LOADER_LUA and WITHOUT_FORTH in /etc/src.conf.
1030 Co-existence for the transition period will come shortly. Booting is a
1031 complex environment and test coverage for Lua-enabled loaders has been
1032 thin, so it would be prudent to assume it might not work and make
1033 provisions for backup boot methods.
1036 devmatch functionality has been turned on in devd. It will automatically
1037 load drivers for unattached devices. This may cause unexpected drivers
1038 to be loaded. Please report any problems to current@ and
1042 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to
1043 6.0.0. Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about
1044 prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0
1048 LLVM's lld linker is now used as the FreeBSD/amd64 bootstrap linker.
1049 This means it is used to link the kernel and userland libraries and
1050 executables, but is not yet installed as /usr/bin/ld by default.
1052 To revert to ld.bfd as the bootstrap linker, in /etc/src.conf set
1053 WITHOUT_LLD_BOOTSTRAP=yes
1056 On i386, pmtimer has been removed. Its functionality has been folded
1057 into apm. It was a no-op on ACPI in current for a while now (but was
1058 still needed on i386 in FreeBSD 11 and earlier). Users may need to
1059 remove it from kernel config files.
1062 The use of RSS hash from the network card aka flowid has been
1063 disabled by default for lagg(4) as it's currently incompatible with
1064 the lacp and loadbalance protocols.
1066 This can be re-enabled by setting the following in loader.conf:
1067 net.link.lagg.default_use_flowid="1"
1070 The SW_WATCHDOG option is no longer necessary to enable the
1071 hardclock-based software watchdog if no hardware watchdog is
1072 configured. As before, SW_WATCHDOG will cause the software
1073 watchdog to be enabled even if a hardware watchdog is configured.
1076 r326887 fixes the issue described in the 20171214 UPDATING entry.
1077 r326888 flips the switch back to building GELI support always.
1080 r362593 broke ZFS + GELI support for reasons unknown. However,
1081 it also broke ZFS support generally, so GELI has been turned off
1082 by default as the lesser evil in r326857. If you boot off ZFS and/or
1083 GELI, it might not be a good time to update.
1086 PowerPC users must update loader(8) by rebuilding world before
1087 installing a new kernel, as the protocol connecting them has
1088 changed. Without the update, loader metadata will not be passed
1089 successfully to the kernel and users will have to enter their
1090 root partition at the kernel mountroot prompt to continue booting.
1091 Newer versions of loader can boot old kernels without issue.
1094 The LOADER_FIREWIRE_SUPPORT build variable has been renamed to
1095 WITH/OUT_LOADER_FIREWIRE. LOADER_{NO_,}GELI_SUPPORT has been renamed
1096 to WITH/OUT_LOADER_GELI.
1099 The naive and non-compliant support of posix_fallocate(2) in ZFS
1100 has been removed as of r325320. The system call now returns EINVAL
1101 when used on a ZFS file. Although the new behavior complies with the
1102 standard, some consumers are not prepared to cope with it.
1103 One known victim is lld prior to r325420.
1106 Building in a FreeBSD src checkout will automatically create object
1107 directories now rather than store files in the current directory if
1108 'make obj' was not ran. Calling 'make obj' is no longer necessary.
1109 This feature can be disabled by setting WITHOUT_AUTO_OBJ=yes in
1110 /etc/src-env.conf (not /etc/src.conf), or passing the option in the
1114 The default MAKEOBJDIR has changed from /usr/obj/<srcdir> for native
1115 builds, and /usr/obj/<arch>/<srcdir> for cross-builds, to a unified
1116 /usr/obj/<srcdir>/<arch>. This behavior can be changed to the old
1117 format by setting WITHOUT_UNIFIED_OBJDIR=yes in /etc/src-env.conf,
1118 the environment, or with -DWITHOUT_UNIFIED_OBJDIR when building.
1119 The UNIFIED_OBJDIR option is a transitional feature that will be
1120 removed for 12.0 release; please migrate to the new format for any
1121 tools by looking up the OBJDIR used by 'make -V .OBJDIR' means rather
1122 than hardcoding paths.
1125 The native-xtools target no longer installs the files by default to the
1126 OBJDIR. Use the native-xtools-install target with a DESTDIR to install
1127 to ${DESTDIR}/${NXTP} where NXTP defaults to /nxb-bin.
1130 As part of the boot loader infrastructure cleanup, LOADER_*_SUPPORT
1131 options are changing from controlling the build if defined / undefined
1132 to controlling the build with explicit 'yes' or 'no' values. They will
1133 shift to WITH/WITHOUT options to match other options in the system.
1136 libstand has turned into a private library for sys/boot use only.
1137 It is no longer supported as a public interface outside of sys/boot.
1140 The arm port has split armv6 into armv6 and armv7. armv7 is now
1141 a valid TARGET_ARCH/MACHINE_ARCH setting. If you have an armv7 system
1142 and are running a kernel from before r324363, you will need to add
1143 MACHINE_ARCH=armv7 to 'make buildworld' to do a native build.
1146 When building multiple kernels using KERNCONF, non-existent KERNCONF
1147 files will produce an error and buildkernel will fail. Previously
1148 missing KERNCONF files silently failed giving no indication as to
1149 why, only to subsequently discover during installkernel that the
1150 desired kernel was never built in the first place.
1153 The default serial number format for CTL LUNs has changed. This will
1154 affect users who use /dev/diskid/* device nodes, or whose FibreChannel
1155 or iSCSI clients care about their LUNs' serial numbers. Users who
1156 require serial number stability should hardcode serial numbers in
1160 For 32-bit arm compiled for hard-float support, soft-floating point
1161 binaries now always get their shared libraries from
1162 LD_SOFT_LIBRARY_PATH (in the past, this was only used if
1163 /usr/libsoft also existed). Only users with a hard-float ld.so, but
1164 soft-float everything else should be affected.
1167 The geli password typed at boot is now hidden. To restore the previous
1168 behavior, see geli(8) for configuration options.
1171 Move PMTUD blackhole counters to TCPSTATS and remove them from bare
1172 sysctl values. Minor nit, but requires a rebuild of both world/kernel
1176 "make check" behavior (made in ^/head@r295380) has been changed to
1177 execute from a limited sandbox, as opposed to executing from
1181 - The "beforecheck" and "aftercheck" targets are now specified.
1182 - ${CHECKDIR} (added in commit noted above) has been removed.
1183 - Legacy behavior can be enabled by setting
1184 WITHOUT_MAKE_CHECK_USE_SANDBOX in src.conf(5) or the environment.
1186 If the limited sandbox mode is enabled, "make check" will execute
1187 "make distribution", then install, execute the tests, and clean up the
1188 sandbox if successful.
1190 The "make distribution" and "make install" targets are typically run as
1191 root to set appropriate permissions and ownership at installation time.
1192 The end-user should set "WITH_INSTALL_AS_USER" in src.conf(5) or the
1193 environment if executing "make check" with limited sandbox mode using
1194 an unprivileged user.
1197 Since the switch to GPT disk labels, fsck for UFS/FFS has been
1198 unable to automatically find alternate superblocks. As of r322297,
1199 the information needed to find alternate superblocks has been
1200 moved to the end of the area reserved for the boot block.
1201 Filesystems created with a newfs of this vintage or later
1202 will create the recovery information. If you have a filesystem
1203 created prior to this change and wish to have a recovery block
1204 created for your filesystem, you can do so by running fsck in
1205 foreground mode (i.e., do not use the -p or -y options). As it
1206 starts, fsck will ask ``SAVE DATA TO FIND ALTERNATE SUPERBLOCKS''
1207 to which you should answer yes.
1210 As of r321665, an NFSv4 server configuration that services
1211 Kerberos mounts or clients that do not support the uid/gid in
1212 owner/owner_group string capability, must explicitly enable
1213 the nfsuserd daemon by adding nfsuserd_enable="YES" to the
1214 machine's /etc/rc.conf file.
1217 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 5.0.0.
1218 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
1219 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
1222 WITHOUT_RCMDS is now the default. Set WITH_RCMDS if you need the
1223 r-commands (rlogin, rsh, etc.) to be built with the base system.
1226 The FreeBSD/powerpc platform now uses a 64-bit type for time_t. This is
1227 a very major ABI incompatible change, so users of FreeBSD/powerpc must
1228 be careful when performing source upgrades. It is best to run
1229 'make installworld' from an alternate root system, either a live
1230 CD/memory stick, or a temporary root partition. Additionally, all ports
1231 must be recompiled. powerpc64 is largely unaffected, except in the case
1232 of 32-bit compatibility. All 32-bit binaries will be affected.
1235 Forward compatibility for the "ino64" project have been committed. This
1236 will allow most new binaries to run on older kernels in a limited
1237 fashion. This prevents many of the common foot-shooting actions in the
1238 upgrade as well as the limited ability to roll back the kernel across
1239 the ino64 upgrade. Complicated use cases may not work properly, though
1240 enough simpler ones work to allow recovery in most situations.
1243 Switch back to the BSDL dtc (Device Tree Compiler). Set WITH_GPL_DTC
1244 if you require the GPL compiler.
1247 The internal ABI used for communication between the NFS kernel modules
1248 was changed by r320085, so __FreeBSD_version was bumped to
1249 ensure all the NFS related modules are updated together.
1252 The ABI of struct event was changed by extending the data
1253 member to 64bit and adding ext fields. For upgrade, same
1254 precautions as for the entry 20170523 "ino64" must be
1258 The GNU roff toolchain has been removed from base. To render manpages
1259 which are not supported by mandoc(1), man(1) can fallback on GNU roff
1260 from ports (and recommends to install it).
1261 To render roff(7) documents, consider using GNU roff from ports or the
1262 heirloom doctools roff toolchain from ports via pkg install groff or
1263 via pkg install heirloom-doctools.
1266 The ath(4) and ath_hal(4) modules now build piecemeal to allow for
1267 smaller runtime footprint builds. This is useful for embedded systems
1268 which only require one chipset support.
1270 If you load it as a module, make sure this is in /boot/loader.conf:
1274 This will load the HAL, all chip/RF backends and if_ath_pci.
1275 If you have if_ath_pci in /boot/loader.conf, ensure it is after
1276 if_ath or it will not load any HAL chipset support.
1278 If you want to selectively load things (eg on cheaper ARM/MIPS
1279 platforms where RAM is at a premium) you should:
1282 * load the chip modules in question
1283 * load ath_rate, ath_dfs
1285 * load if_ath_pci and/or if_ath_ahb depending upon your particular
1286 bus bind type - this is where probe/attach is done.
1288 For further comments/feedback, poke adrian@ .
1291 The "ino64" 64-bit inode project has been committed, which extends
1292 a number of types to 64 bits. Upgrading in place requires care and
1293 adherence to the documented upgrade procedure.
1295 If using a custom kernel configuration ensure that the
1296 COMPAT_FREEBSD11 option is included (as during the upgrade the
1297 system will be running the ino64 kernel with the existing world).
1299 For the safest in-place upgrade begin by removing previous build
1300 artifacts via "rm -rf /usr/obj/*". Then, carefully follow the full
1301 procedure documented below under the heading "To rebuild everything and
1302 install it on the current system." Specifically, a reboot is required
1303 after installing the new kernel before installing world. While an
1304 installworld normally works by accident from multiuser after rebooting
1305 the proper kernel, there are many cases where this will fail across this
1306 upgrade and installworld from single user is required.
1309 The NATM framework including the en(4), fatm(4), hatm(4), and
1310 patm(4) devices has been removed. Consumers should plan a
1311 migration before the end-of-life date for FreeBSD 11.
1314 GNU diff has been replaced by a BSD licensed diff. Some features of GNU
1315 diff has not been implemented, if those are needed a newer version of
1316 GNU diff is available via the diffutils package under the gdiff name.
1319 As of r316810 for ipfilter, keep frags is no longer assumed when
1320 keep state is specified in a rule. r316810 aligns ipfilter with
1321 documentation in man pages separating keep frags from keep state.
1322 This allows keep state to be specified without forcing keep frags
1323 and allows keep frags to be specified independently of keep state.
1324 To maintain previous behaviour, also specify keep frags with
1325 keep state (as documented in ipf.conf.5).
1328 arm64 builds now use the base system LLD 4.0.0 linker by default,
1329 instead of requiring that the aarch64-binutils port or package be
1330 installed. To continue using aarch64-binutils, set
1331 CROSS_BINUTILS_PREFIX=/usr/local/aarch64-freebsd/bin .
1334 The UDP optimization in entry 20160818 that added the sysctl
1335 net.inet.udp.require_l2_bcast has been reverted. L2 broadcast
1336 packets will no longer be treated as L3 broadcast packets.
1339 Binds and sends to the loopback addresses, IPv6 and IPv4, will now
1340 use any explicitly assigned loopback address available in the jail
1341 instead of using the first assigned address of the jail.
1344 The ctl.ko module no longer implements the iSCSI target frontend:
1345 cfiscsi.ko does instead.
1347 If building cfiscsi.ko as a kernel module, the module can be loaded
1348 via one of the following methods:
1349 - `cfiscsi_load="YES"` in loader.conf(5).
1350 - Add `cfiscsi` to `$kld_list` in rc.conf(5).
1351 - ctladm(8)/ctld(8), when compiled with iSCSI support
1352 (`WITH_ISCSI=yes` in src.conf(5))
1354 Please see cfiscsi(4) for more details.
1357 The mmcsd.ko module now additionally depends on geom_flashmap.ko.
1358 Also, mmc.ko and mmcsd.ko need to be a matching pair built from the
1359 same source (previously, the dependency of mmcsd.ko on mmc.ko was
1360 missing, but mmcsd.ko now will refuse to load if it is incompatible
1364 The syntax of ipfw(8) named states was changed to avoid ambiguity.
1365 If you have used named states in the firewall rules, you need to modify
1366 them after installworld and before rebooting. Now named states must
1367 be prefixed with colon.
1370 The old drm (sys/dev/drm/) drivers for i915 and radeon have been
1371 removed as the userland we provide cannot use them. The KMS version
1372 (sys/dev/drm2) supports the same hardware.
1375 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 4.0.0.
1376 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
1377 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
1380 The code that provides support for ZFS .zfs/ directory functionality
1381 has been reimplemented. It's not possible now to create a snapshot
1382 by mkdir under .zfs/snapshot/. That should be the only user visible
1386 EISA bus support has been removed. The WITH_EISA option is no longer
1390 MCA bus support has been removed.
1393 The WITH_LLD_AS_LD / WITHOUT_LLD_AS_LD build knobs have been renamed
1394 WITH_LLD_IS_LD / WITHOUT_LLD_IS_LD, for consistency with CLANG_IS_CC.
1397 The EM_MULTIQUEUE kernel configuration option is deprecated now that
1398 the em(4) driver conforms to iflib specifications.
1401 The igb(4), em(4) and lem(4) ethernet drivers are now implemented via
1402 IFLIB. If you have a custom kernel configuration that excludes em(4)
1403 but you use igb(4), you need to re-add em(4) to your custom
1407 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 3.9.1.
1408 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
1409 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
1412 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 3.9.0.
1413 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
1414 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
1417 The layout of the pmap structure has changed for powerpc to put the pmap
1418 statistics at the front for all CPU variations. libkvm(3) and all tools
1419 that link against it need to be recompiled.
1422 isl(4) and cyapa(4) drivers now require a new driver,
1423 chromebook_platform(4), to work properly on Chromebook-class hardware.
1424 On other types of hardware the drivers may need to be configured using
1425 device hints. Please see the corresponding manual pages for details.
1428 The urtwn(4) driver was merged into rtwn(4) and now consists of
1429 rtwn(4) main module + rtwn_usb(4) and rtwn_pci(4) bus-specific
1431 Also, firmware for RTL8188CE was renamed due to possible name
1432 conflict (rtwnrtl8192cU(B) -> rtwnrtl8192cE(B))
1435 GNU rcs has been removed from base. It is available as packages:
1436 - rcs: Latest GPLv3 GNU rcs version.
1437 - rcs57: Copy of the latest version of GNU rcs (GPLv2) before it was
1441 Use of the cc_cdg, cc_chd, cc_hd, or cc_vegas congestion control
1442 modules now requires that the kernel configuration contain the
1443 TCP_HHOOK option. (This option is included in the GENERIC kernel.)
1446 The WITHOUT_ELFCOPY_AS_OBJCOPY src.conf(5) knob has been retired.
1447 ELF Tool Chain's elfcopy is always installed as /usr/bin/objcopy.
1450 Relocatable object files with the extension of .So have been renamed
1451 to use an extension of .pico instead. The purpose of this change is
1452 to avoid a name clash with shared libraries on case-insensitive file
1453 systems. On those file systems, foo.So is the same file as foo.so.
1456 GNU rcs has been turned off by default. It can (temporarily) be built
1457 again by adding WITH_RCS knob in src.conf.
1458 Otherwise, GNU rcs is available from packages:
1459 - rcs: Latest GPLv3 GNU rcs version.
1460 - rcs57: Copy of the latest version of GNU rcs (GPLv2) from base.
1463 The backup_uses_rcs functionality has been removed from rc.subr.
1466 The queue(3) debugging macro, QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG, has been split into
1467 two separate components, QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG_TRACE and
1468 QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG_TRASH. Define both for the original
1469 QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG behavior.
1472 r304787 changed some ioctl interfaces between the iSCSI userspace
1473 programs and the kernel. ctladm, ctld, iscsictl, and iscsid must be
1474 rebuilt to work with new kernels. __FreeBSD_version has been bumped
1478 The UDP receive code has been updated to only treat incoming UDP
1479 packets that were addressed to an L2 broadcast address as L3
1480 broadcast packets. It is not expected that this will affect any
1481 standards-conforming UDP application. The new behaviour can be
1482 disabled by setting the sysctl net.inet.udp.require_l2_bcast to
1486 Remove the openbsd_poll system call.
1487 __FreeBSD_version has been bumped because of this.
1490 The stable/11 branch has been created from head@r302406.
1493 The libc stub for the pipe(2) system call has been replaced with
1494 a wrapper that calls the pipe2(2) system call and the pipe(2)
1495 system call is now only implemented by the kernels that include
1496 "options COMPAT_FREEBSD10" in their config file (this is the
1497 default). Users should ensure that this option is enabled in
1498 their kernel or upgrade userspace to r302092 before upgrading their
1502 CAM now strips the leading spaces from each SCSI disk's serial number.
1503 This will affect users who create UFS filesystems on SCSI disks using
1504 those disk's diskid device nodes. For example, if /etc/fstab
1505 previously contained a line like
1506 "/dev/diskid/DISK-%20%20%20%20%20%20%20ABCDEFG0123456", you should
1507 change it to "/dev/diskid/DISK-ABCDEFG0123456". Users of geom
1508 transforms like gmirror may also be affected. ZFS users should
1512 The bitstring(3) API has been updated with new functionality and
1513 improved performance. But it is binary-incompatible with the old API.
1514 Objects built with the new headers may not be linked against objects
1515 built with the old headers.
1518 The brk and sbrk functions have been removed from libc on arm64.
1519 Binutils from ports has been updated to not link to these
1520 functions and should be updated to the latest version before
1521 installing a new libc.
1524 The armv6 port now defaults to hard float ABI. Limited support
1525 for running both hardfloat and soft float on the same system
1526 is available using the libraries installed with -DWITH_LIBSOFT.
1527 This has only been tested as an upgrade path for installworld
1528 and packages may fail or need manual intervention to run. New
1529 packages will be needed.
1531 To update an existing self-hosted armv6hf system, you must add
1532 TARGET_ARCH=armv6 on the make command line for both the build
1533 and the install steps.
1536 Kernel modules compiled outside of a kernel build now default to
1537 installing to /boot/modules instead of /boot/kernel. Many kernel
1538 modules built this way (such as those in ports) already overrode
1539 KMODDIR explicitly to install into /boot/modules. However,
1540 manually building and installing a module from /sys/modules will
1541 now install to /boot/modules instead of /boot/kernel.
1544 The CAM I/O scheduler has been committed to the kernel. There should be
1545 no user visible impact. This does enable NCQ Trim on ada SSDs. While the
1546 list of known rogues that claim support for this but actually corrupt
1547 data is believed to be complete, be on the lookout for data
1548 corruption. The known rogue list is believed to be complete:
1550 o Crucial MX100, M550 drives with MU01 firmware.
1551 o Micron M510 and M550 drives with MU01 firmware.
1552 o Micron M500 prior to MU07 firmware
1553 o Samsung 830, 840, and 850 all firmwares
1554 o FCCT M500 all firmwares
1556 Crucial has firmware http://www.crucial.com/usa/en/support-ssd-firmware
1557 with working NCQ TRIM. For Micron branded drives, see your sales rep for
1558 updated firmware. Black listed drives will work correctly because these
1559 drives work correctly so long as no NCQ TRIMs are sent to them. Given
1560 this list is the same as found in Linux, it's believed there are no
1561 other rogues in the market place. All other models from the above
1564 To be safe, if you are at all concerned, you can quirk each of your
1565 drives to prevent NCQ from being sent by setting:
1566 kern.cam.ada.X.quirks="0x2"
1567 in loader.conf. If the drive requires the 4k sector quirk, set the
1568 quirks entry to 0x3.
1571 The FAST_DEPEND build option has been removed and its functionality is
1572 now the one true way. The old mkdep(1) style of 'make depend' has
1573 been removed. See 20160311 for further details.
1576 Resource range types have grown from unsigned long to uintmax_t. All
1577 drivers, and anything using libdevinfo, need to be recompiled.
1580 WITH_FAST_DEPEND is now enabled by default for in-tree and out-of-tree
1581 builds. It no longer runs mkdep(1) during 'make depend', and the
1582 'make depend' stage can safely be skipped now as it is auto ran
1583 when building 'make all' and will generate all SRCS and DPSRCS before
1584 building anything else. Dependencies are gathered at compile time with
1585 -MF flags kept in separate .depend files per object file. Users should
1586 run 'make cleandepend' once if using -DNO_CLEAN to clean out older
1587 stale .depend files.
1590 On amd64, clang 3.8.0 can now insert sections of type AMD64_UNWIND into
1591 kernel modules. Therefore, if you load any kernel modules at boot time,
1592 please install the boot loaders after you install the kernel, but before
1596 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1597 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1598 make -C sys/boot install
1599 <reboot in single user>
1601 Then follow the usual steps, described in the General Notes section,
1605 Clang, llvm, lldb and compiler-rt have been upgraded to 3.8.0. Please
1606 see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites and
1607 upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
1610 The AIO subsystem is now a standard part of the kernel. The
1611 VFS_AIO kernel option and aio.ko kernel module have been removed.
1612 Due to stability concerns, asynchronous I/O requests are only
1613 permitted on sockets and raw disks by default. To enable
1614 asynchronous I/O requests on all file types, set the
1615 vfs.aio.enable_unsafe sysctl to a non-zero value.
1618 The ELF object manipulation tool objcopy is now provided by the
1619 ELF Tool Chain project rather than by GNU binutils. It should be a
1620 drop-in replacement, with the addition of arm64 support. The
1621 (temporary) src.conf knob WITHOUT_ELFCOPY_AS_OBJCOPY knob may be set
1622 to obtain the GNU version if necessary.
1625 Building ZFS pools on top of zvols is prohibited by default. That
1626 feature has never worked safely; it's always been prone to deadlocks.
1627 Using a zvol as the backing store for a VM guest's virtual disk will
1628 still work, even if the guest is using ZFS. Legacy behavior can be
1629 restored by setting vfs.zfs.vol.recursive=1.
1632 The NONE and HPN patches has been removed from OpenSSH. They are
1633 still available in the security/openssh-portable port.
1636 With the addition of ypldap(8), a new _ypldap user is now required
1637 during installworld. "mergemaster -p" can be used to add the user
1638 prior to installworld, as documented in the handbook.
1641 The tftp loader (pxeboot) now uses the option root-path directive. As a
1642 consequence it no longer looks for a pxeboot.4th file on the tftp
1643 server. Instead it uses the regular /boot infrastructure as with the
1647 The code to start recording plug and play data into the modules has
1648 been committed. While the old tools will properly build a new kernel,
1649 a number of warnings about "unknown metadata record 4" will be produced
1650 for an older kldxref. To avoid such warnings, make sure to rebuild
1651 the kernel toolchain (or world). Make sure that you have r292078 or
1652 later when trying to build 292077 or later before rebuilding.
1655 Debug data files are now built by default with 'make buildworld' and
1656 installed with 'make installworld'. This facilitates debugging but
1657 requires more disk space both during the build and for the installed
1658 world. Debug files may be disabled by setting WITHOUT_DEBUG_FILES=yes
1662 r291527 changed the internal interface between the nfsd.ko and
1663 nfscommon.ko modules. As such, they must both be upgraded to-gether.
1664 __FreeBSD_version has been bumped because of this.
1667 Add support for unicode collation strings leads to a change of
1668 order of files listed by ls(1) for example. To get back to the old
1669 behaviour, set LC_COLLATE environment variable to "C".
1671 Databases administrators will need to reindex their databases given
1672 collation results will be different.
1674 Due to a bug in install(1) it is recommended to remove the ancient
1675 locales before running make installworld.
1677 rm -rf /usr/share/locale/*
1680 The OpenSSL has been upgraded to 1.0.2d. Any binaries requiring
1681 libcrypto.so.7 or libssl.so.7 must be recompiled.
1684 Qlogic 24xx/25xx firmware images were updated from 5.5.0 to 7.3.0.
1685 Kernel modules isp_2400_multi and isp_2500_multi were removed and
1686 should be replaced with isp_2400 and isp_2500 modules respectively.
1689 The build previously allowed using 'make -n' to not recurse into
1690 sub-directories while showing what commands would be executed, and
1691 'make -n -n' to recursively show commands. Now 'make -n' will recurse
1692 and 'make -N' will not.
1695 If you specify SENDMAIL_MC or SENDMAIL_CF in make.conf, mergemaster
1696 and etcupdate will now use this file. A custom sendmail.cf is now
1697 updated via this mechanism rather than via installworld. If you had
1698 excluded sendmail.cf in mergemaster.rc or etcupdate.conf, you may
1699 want to remove the exclusion or change it to "always install".
1700 /etc/mail/sendmail.cf is now managed the same way regardless of
1701 whether SENDMAIL_MC/SENDMAIL_CF is used. If you are not using
1702 SENDMAIL_MC/SENDMAIL_CF there should be no change in behavior.
1705 Compatibility shims for legacy ATA device names have been removed.
1706 It includes ATA_STATIC_ID kernel option, kern.cam.ada.legacy_aliases
1707 and kern.geom.raid.legacy_aliases loader tunables, kern.devalias.*
1708 environment variables, /dev/ad* and /dev/ar* symbolic links.
1711 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 3.7.0.
1712 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
1713 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
1716 Kernel debug files have been moved to /usr/lib/debug/boot/kernel/,
1717 and renamed from .symbols to .debug. This reduces the size requirements
1718 on the boot partition or file system and provides consistency with
1719 userland debug files.
1721 When using the supported kernel installation method the
1722 /usr/lib/debug/boot/kernel directory will be renamed (to kernel.old)
1723 as is done with /boot/kernel.
1725 Developers wishing to maintain the historical behavior of installing
1726 debug files in /boot/kernel/ can set KERN_DEBUGDIR="" in src.conf(5).
1729 The wireless drivers had undergone changes that remove the 'parent
1730 interface' from the ifconfig -l output. The rc.d network scripts
1731 used to check presence of a parent interface in the list, so old
1732 scripts would fail to start wireless networking. Thus, etcupdate(3)
1733 or mergemaster(8) run is required after kernel update, to update your
1734 rc.d scripts in /etc.
1737 pf no longer supports 'scrub fragment crop' or 'scrub fragment drop-ovl'
1738 These configurations are now automatically interpreted as
1739 'scrub fragment reassemble'.
1742 Kernel-loadable modules for the random(4) device are back. To use
1743 them, the kernel must have
1746 options RANDOM_LOADABLE
1748 kldload(8) can then be used to load random_fortuna.ko
1749 or random_yarrow.ko. Please note that due to the indirect
1750 function calls that the loadable modules need to provide,
1751 the build-in variants will be slightly more efficient.
1753 The random(4) kernel option RANDOM_DUMMY has been retired due to
1754 unpopularity. It was not all that useful anyway.
1757 The WITHOUT_ELFTOOLCHAIN_TOOLS src.conf(5) knob has been retired.
1758 Control over building the ELF Tool Chain tools is now provided by
1759 the WITHOUT_TOOLCHAIN knob.
1762 The polarity of Pulse Per Second (PPS) capture events with the
1763 uart(4) driver has been corrected. Prior to this change the PPS
1764 "assert" event corresponded to the trailing edge of a positive PPS
1765 pulse and the "clear" event was the leading edge of the next pulse.
1767 As the width of a PPS pulse in a typical GPS receiver is on the
1768 order of 1 millisecond, most users will not notice any significant
1769 difference with this change.
1771 Anyone who has compensated for the historical polarity reversal by
1772 configuring a negative offset equal to the pulse width will need to
1773 remove that workaround.
1776 The default group assigned to /dev/dri entries has been changed
1777 from 'wheel' to 'video' with the id of '44'. If you want to have
1778 access to the dri devices please add yourself to the video group
1781 # pw groupmod video -m $USER
1784 The menu.rc and loader.rc files will now be replaced during
1785 upgrades. Please migrate local changes to menu.rc.local and
1786 loader.rc.local instead.
1789 GNU Binutils versions of addr2line, c++filt, nm, readelf, size,
1790 strings and strip have been removed. The src.conf(5) knob
1791 WITHOUT_ELFTOOLCHAIN_TOOLS no longer provides the binutils tools.
1794 As ZFS requires more kernel stack pages than is the default on some
1795 architectures e.g. i386, it now warns if KSTACK_PAGES is less than
1796 ZFS_MIN_KSTACK_PAGES (which is 4 at the time of writing).
1798 Please consider using 'options KSTACK_PAGES=X' where X is greater
1799 than or equal to ZFS_MIN_KSTACK_PAGES i.e. 4 in such configurations.
1802 sendmail has been updated to 8.15.2. Starting with FreeBSD 11.0
1803 and sendmail 8.15, sendmail uses uncompressed IPv6 addresses by
1804 default, i.e., they will not contain "::". For example, instead
1805 of ::1, it will be 0:0:0:0:0:0:0:1. This permits a zero subnet
1806 to have a more specific match, such as different map entries for
1807 IPv6:0:0 vs IPv6:0. This change requires that configuration
1808 data (including maps, files, classes, custom ruleset, etc.) must
1809 use the same format, so make certain such configuration data is
1810 upgrading. As a very simple check search for patterns like
1811 'IPv6:[0-9a-fA-F:]*::' and 'IPv6::'. To return to the old
1812 behavior, set the m4 option confUSE_COMPRESSED_IPV6_ADDRESSES or
1813 the cf option UseCompressedIPv6Addresses.
1816 The default kernel entropy-processing algorithm is now
1817 Fortuna, replacing Yarrow.
1819 Assuming you have 'device random' in your kernel config
1820 file, the configurations allow a kernel option to override
1821 this default. You may choose *ONE* of:
1823 options RANDOM_YARROW # Legacy /dev/random algorithm.
1824 options RANDOM_DUMMY # Blocking-only driver.
1826 If you have neither, you get Fortuna. For most people,
1827 read no further, Fortuna will give a /dev/random that works
1828 like it always used to, and the difference will be irrelevant.
1830 If you remove 'device random', you get *NO* kernel-processed
1831 entropy at all. This may be acceptable to folks building
1832 embedded systems, but has complications. Carry on reading,
1833 and it is assumed you know what you need.
1835 *PLEASE* read random(4) and random(9) if you are in the
1836 habit of tweaking kernel configs, and/or if you are a member
1837 of the embedded community, wanting specific and not-usual
1838 behaviour from your security subsystems.
1840 NOTE!! If you use RANDOM_DUMMY and/or have no 'device
1841 random', you will NOT have a functioning /dev/random, and
1842 many cryptographic features will not work, including SSH.
1843 You may also find strange behaviour from the random(3) set
1844 of library functions, in particular sranddev(3), srandomdev(3)
1845 and arc4random(3). The reason for this is that the KERN_ARND
1846 sysctl only returns entropy if it thinks it has some to
1847 share, and with RANDOM_DUMMY or no 'device random' this
1851 An additional fix for the issue described in the 20150614 sendmail
1852 entry below has been committed in revision 284717.
1855 FreeBSD's old make (fmake) has been removed from the system. It is
1856 available as the devel/fmake port or via pkg install fmake.
1859 The fix for the issue described in the 20150614 sendmail entry
1860 below has been committed in revision 284436. The work
1861 around described in that entry is no longer needed unless the
1862 default setting is overridden by a confDH_PARAMETERS configuration
1863 setting of '5' or pointing to a 512 bit DH parameter file.
1866 ALLOW_DEPRECATED_ATF_TOOLS/ATFFILE support has been removed from
1867 atf.test.mk (included from bsd.test.mk). Please upgrade devel/atf
1868 and devel/kyua to version 0.20+ and adjust any calling code to work
1869 with Kyuafile and kyua.
1872 The import of openssl to address the FreeBSD-SA-15:10.openssl
1873 security advisory includes a change which rejects handshakes
1874 with DH parameters below 768 bits. sendmail releases prior
1875 to 8.15.2 (not yet released), defaulted to a 512 bit
1876 DH parameter setting for client connections. To work around
1877 this interoperability, sendmail can be configured to use a
1878 2048 bit DH parameter by:
1880 1. Edit /etc/mail/`hostname`.mc
1881 2. If a setting for confDH_PARAMETERS does not exist or
1882 exists and is set to a string beginning with '5',
1883 replace it with '2'.
1884 3. If a setting for confDH_PARAMETERS exists and is set to
1885 a file path, create a new file with:
1886 openssl dhparam -out /path/to/file 2048
1887 4. Rebuild the .cf file:
1888 cd /etc/mail/; make; make install
1889 5. Restart sendmail:
1890 cd /etc/mail/; make restart
1892 A sendmail patch is coming, at which time this file will be
1896 Generation of legacy formatted entries have been disabled by default
1897 in pwd_mkdb(8), as all base system consumers of the legacy formatted
1898 entries were converted to use the new format by default when the new,
1899 machine independent format have been added and supported since FreeBSD
1902 Please see the pwd_mkdb(8) manual page for further details.
1905 Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.6.1 release. Please see the
1906 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites and upgrading,
1907 if you are not already using 3.5.0 or higher.
1910 TI platform code switched to using vendor DTS files and this update
1911 may break existing systems running on Beaglebone, Beaglebone Black,
1914 - dtb files should be regenerated/reinstalled. Filenames are the
1915 same but content is different now
1916 - GPIO addressing was changed, now each GPIO bank (32 pins per bank)
1917 has its own /dev/gpiocX device, e.g. pin 121 on /dev/gpioc0 in old
1918 addressing scheme is now pin 25 on /dev/gpioc3.
1919 - Pandaboard: /etc/ttys should be updated, serial console device is
1920 now /dev/ttyu2, not /dev/ttyu0
1923 soelim(1) from gnu/usr.bin/groff has been replaced by usr.bin/soelim.
1924 If you need the GNU extension from groff soelim(1), install groff
1925 from package: pkg install groff, or via ports: textproc/groff.
1928 chmod, chflags, chown and chgrp now affect symlinks in -R mode as
1929 defined in symlink(7); previously symlinks were silently ignored.
1932 The const qualifier has been removed from iconv(3) to comply with
1933 POSIX. The ports tree is aware of this from r384038 onwards.
1936 Libraries specified by LIBADD in Makefiles must have a corresponding
1937 DPADD_<lib> variable to ensure correct dependencies. This is now
1938 enforced in src.libnames.mk.
1941 From legacy ata(4) driver was removed support for SATA controllers
1942 supported by more functional drivers ahci(4), siis(4) and mvs(4).
1943 Kernel modules ataahci and ataadaptec were removed completely,
1944 replaced by ahci and mvs modules respectively.
1947 Clang, llvm and lldb have been upgraded to 3.6.0 release. Please see
1948 the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites and
1949 upgrading, if you are not already using 3.5.0 or higher.
1952 The 32-bit PowerPC kernel has been changed to a position-independent
1953 executable. This can only be booted with a version of loader(8)
1954 newer than January 31, 2015, so make sure to update both world and
1955 kernel before rebooting.
1958 If you are running a -CURRENT kernel since r273872 (Oct 30th, 2014),
1959 but before r278950, the RNG was not seeded properly. Immediately
1960 upgrade the kernel to r278950 or later and regenerate any keys (e.g.
1961 ssh keys or openssl keys) that were generated w/ a kernel from that
1962 range. This does not affect programs that directly used /dev/random
1963 or /dev/urandom. All userland uses of arc4random(3) are affected.
1966 The autofs(4) ABI was changed in order to restore binary compatibility
1967 with 10.1-RELEASE. The automountd(8) daemon needs to be rebuilt to work
1968 with the new kernel.
1971 The powerpc64 kernel has been changed to a position-independent
1972 executable. This can only be booted with a new version of loader(8),
1973 so make sure to update both world and kernel before rebooting.
1976 Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.5.1 release. This is a bugfix
1977 only release, no new features have been added. Please see the 20141231
1978 entry below for information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you
1979 are not already using 3.5.0.
1982 ELF tools addr2line, elfcopy (strip), nm, size, and strings are now
1983 taken from the ELF Tool Chain project rather than GNU binutils. They
1984 should be drop-in replacements, with the addition of arm64 support.
1985 The WITHOUT_ELFTOOLCHAIN_TOOLS= knob may be used to obtain the
1986 binutils tools, if necessary. See 20150805 for updated information.
1989 The default Unbound configuration now enables remote control
1990 using a local socket. Users who have already enabled the
1991 local_unbound service should regenerate their configuration
1992 by running "service local_unbound setup" as root.
1995 The GNU texinfo and GNU info pages have been removed.
1996 To be able to view GNU info pages please install texinfo from ports.
1999 Clang, llvm and lldb have been upgraded to 3.5.0 release.
2001 As of this release, a prerequisite for building clang, llvm and lldb is
2002 a C++11 capable compiler and C++11 standard library. This means that to
2003 be able to successfully build the cross-tools stage of buildworld, with
2004 clang as the bootstrap compiler, your system compiler or cross compiler
2005 should either be clang 3.3 or later, or gcc 4.8 or later, and your
2006 system C++ library should be libc++, or libdstdc++ from gcc 4.8 or
2009 On any standard FreeBSD 10.x or 11.x installation, where clang and
2010 libc++ are on by default (that is, on x86 or arm), this should work out
2013 On 9.x installations where clang is enabled by default, e.g. on x86 and
2014 powerpc, libc++ will not be enabled by default, so libc++ should be
2015 built (with clang) and installed first. If both clang and libc++ are
2016 missing, build clang first, then use it to build libc++.
2018 On 8.x and earlier installations, upgrade to 9.x first, and then follow
2019 the instructions for 9.x above.
2021 Sparc64 and mips users are unaffected, as they still use gcc 4.2.1 by
2022 default, and do not build clang.
2024 Many embedded systems are resource constrained, and will not be able to
2025 build clang in a reasonable time, or in some cases at all. In those
2026 cases, cross building bootable systems on amd64 is a workaround.
2028 This new version of clang introduces a number of new warnings, of which
2029 the following are most likely to appear:
2033 This warns in two cases, for both C and C++:
2034 * When the code is trying to take the absolute value of an unsigned
2035 quantity, which is effectively a no-op, and almost never what was
2036 intended. The code should be fixed, if at all possible. If you are
2037 sure that the unsigned quantity can be safely cast to signed, without
2038 loss of information or undefined behavior, you can add an explicit
2039 cast, or disable the warning.
2041 * When the code is trying to take an absolute value, but the called
2042 abs() variant is for the wrong type, which can lead to truncation.
2043 If you want to disable the warning instead of fixing the code, please
2044 make sure that truncation will not occur, or it might lead to unwanted
2047 -Wtautological-undefined-compare and
2048 -Wundefined-bool-conversion
2050 These warn when C++ code is trying to compare 'this' against NULL, while
2051 'this' should never be NULL in well-defined C++ code. However, there is
2052 some legacy (pre C++11) code out there, which actively abuses this
2053 feature, which was less strictly defined in previous C++ versions.
2055 Squid and openjdk do this, for example. The warning can be turned off
2056 for C++98 and earlier, but compiling the code in C++11 mode might result
2057 in unexpected behavior; for example, the parts of the program that are
2058 unreachable could be optimized away.
2061 The old NFS client and server (kernel options NFSCLIENT, NFSSERVER)
2062 kernel sources have been removed. The .h files remain, since some
2063 utilities include them. This will need to be fixed later.
2064 If "mount -t oldnfs ..." is attempted, it will fail.
2065 If the "-o" option on mountd(8), nfsd(8) or nfsstat(1) is used,
2066 the utilities will report errors.
2069 The handling of LOCAL_LIB_DIRS has been altered to skip addition of
2070 directories to top level SUBDIR variable when their parent
2071 directory is included in LOCAL_DIRS. Users with build systems with
2072 such hierarchies and without SUBDIR entries in the parent
2073 directory Makefiles should add them or add the directories to
2077 faith(4) and faithd(8) have been removed from the base system. Faith
2078 has been obsolete for a very long time.
2081 vt(4), the new console driver, is enabled by default. It brings
2082 support for Unicode and double-width characters, as well as
2083 support for UEFI and integration with the KMS kernel video
2086 You may need to update your console settings in /etc/rc.conf,
2087 most probably the keymap. During boot, /etc/rc.d/syscons will
2088 indicate what you need to do.
2090 vt(4) still has issues and lacks some features compared to
2091 syscons(4). See the wiki for up-to-date information:
2092 https://wiki.freebsd.org/Newcons
2094 If you want to keep using syscons(4), you can do so by adding
2095 the following line to /boot/loader.conf:
2099 pjdfstest has been integrated into kyua as an opt-in test suite.
2100 Please see share/doc/pjdfstest/README for more details on how to
2104 gperf has been removed from the base system for architectures
2105 that use clang. Ports that require gperf will obtain it from the
2109 pjdfstest has been moved from tools/regression/pjdfstest to
2113 At svn r271982, The default linux compat kernel ABI has been adjusted
2114 to 2.6.18 in support of the linux-c6 compat ports infrastructure
2115 update. If you wish to continue using the linux-f10 compat ports,
2116 add compat.linux.osrelease=2.6.16 to your local sysctl.conf. Users are
2117 encouraged to update their linux-compat packages to linux-c6 during
2118 their next update cycle.
2121 The ofwfb driver, used to provide a graphics console on PowerPC when
2122 using vt(4), no longer allows mmap() of all physical memory. This
2123 will prevent Xorg on PowerPC with some ATI graphics cards from
2124 initializing properly unless x11-servers/xorg-server is updated to
2128 The xdev targets have been converted to using TARGET and
2129 TARGET_ARCH instead of XDEV and XDEV_ARCH.
2132 The default unbound configuration has been modified to address
2133 issues with reverse lookups on networks that use private
2134 address ranges. If you use the local_unbound service, run
2135 "service local_unbound setup" as root to regenerate your
2136 configuration, then "service local_unbound reload" to load the
2140 The GNU texinfo and GNU info pages are not built and installed
2141 anymore, WITH_INFO knob has been added to allow to built and install
2143 UPDATE: see 20150102 entry on texinfo's removal
2146 The GNU readline library is now an INTERNALLIB - that is, it is
2147 statically linked into consumers (GDB and variants) in the base
2148 system, and the shared library is no longer installed. The
2149 devel/readline port is available for third party software that
2153 The Itanium architecture (ia64) has been removed from the list of
2154 known architectures. This is the first step in the removal of the
2158 Commit r268115 has added NFSv4.1 server support, merged from
2159 projects/nfsv4.1-server. Since this includes changes to the
2160 internal interfaces between the NFS related modules, a full
2161 build of the kernel and modules will be necessary.
2162 __FreeBSD_version has been bumped.
2165 The WITHOUT_VT_SUPPORT kernel config knob has been renamed
2166 WITHOUT_VT. (The other _SUPPORT knobs have a consistent meaning
2167 which differs from the behaviour controlled by this knob.)
2170 Maximal length of the serial number in CTL was increased from 16 to
2171 64 chars, that breaks ABI. All CTL-related tools, such as ctladm
2172 and ctld, need to be rebuilt to work with a new kernel.
2175 The libatf-c and libatf-c++ major versions were downgraded to 0 and
2176 1 respectively to match the upstream numbers. They were out of
2177 sync because, when they were originally added to FreeBSD, the
2178 upstream versions were not respected. These libraries are private
2179 and not yet built by default, so renumbering them should be a
2180 non-issue. However, unclean source trees will yield broken test
2181 programs once the operator executes "make delete-old-libs" after a
2182 "make installworld".
2184 Additionally, the atf-sh binary was made private by moving it into
2185 /usr/libexec/. Already-built shell test programs will keep the
2186 path to the old binary so they will break after "make delete-old"
2189 If you are using WITH_TESTS=yes (not the default), wipe the object
2190 tree and rebuild from scratch to prevent spurious test failures.
2191 This is only needed once: the misnumbered libraries and misplaced
2192 binaries have been added to OptionalObsoleteFiles.inc so they will
2193 be removed during a clean upgrade.
2196 Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.4.1 release.
2199 We bogusly installed src.opts.mk in /usr/share/mk. This file should
2200 be removed to avoid issues in the future (and has been added to
2204 /etc/src.conf now affects only builds of the FreeBSD src tree. In the
2205 past, it affected all builds that used the bsd.*.mk files. The old
2206 behavior was a bug, but people may have relied upon it. To get this
2207 behavior back, you can .include /etc/src.conf from /etc/make.conf
2208 (which is still global and isn't changed). This also changes the
2209 behavior of incremental builds inside the tree of individual
2210 directories. Set MAKESYSPATH to ".../share/mk" to do that.
2211 Although this has survived make universe and some upgrade scenarios,
2212 other upgrade scenarios may have broken. At least one form of
2213 temporary breakage was fixed with MAKESYSPATH settings for buildworld
2214 as well... In cases where MAKESYSPATH isn't working with this
2215 setting, you'll need to set it to the full path to your tree.
2217 One side effect of all this cleaning up is that bsd.compiler.mk
2218 is no longer implicitly included by bsd.own.mk. If you wish to
2219 use COMPILER_TYPE, you must now explicitly include bsd.compiler.mk
2223 The lindev device has been removed since /dev/full has been made a
2224 standard device. __FreeBSD_version has been bumped.
2227 The knob WITHOUT_VI was added to the base system, which controls
2228 building ex(1), vi(1), etc. Older releases of FreeBSD required ex(1)
2229 in order to reorder files share/termcap and didn't build ex(1) as a
2230 build tool, so building/installing with WITH_VI is highly advised for
2231 build hosts for older releases.
2233 This issue has been fixed in stable/9 and stable/10 in r277022 and
2234 r276991, respectively.
2237 The YES_HESIOD knob has been removed. It has been obsolete for
2238 a decade. Please move to using WITH_HESIOD instead or your builds
2239 will silently lack HESIOD.
2242 The uart(4) driver has been changed with respect to its handling
2243 of the low-level console. Previously the uart(4) driver prevented
2244 any process from changing the baudrate or the CLOCAL and HUPCL
2245 control flags. By removing the restrictions, operators can make
2246 changes to the serial console port without having to reboot.
2247 However, when getty(8) is started on the serial device that is
2248 associated with the low-level console, a misconfigured terminal
2249 line in /etc/ttys will now have a real impact.
2250 Before upgrading the kernel, make sure that /etc/ttys has the
2251 serial console device configured as 3wire without baudrate to
2252 preserve the previous behaviour. E.g:
2253 ttyu0 "/usr/libexec/getty 3wire" vt100 on secure
2256 Support for libwrap (TCP wrappers) in rpcbind was disabled by default
2257 to improve performance. To re-enable it, if needed, run rpcbind
2258 with command line option -W.
2261 Switched back to the GPL dtc compiler due to updates in the upstream
2262 dts files not being supported by the BSDL dtc compiler. You will need
2263 to rebuild your kernel toolchain to pick up the new compiler. Core dumps
2264 may result while building dtb files during a kernel build if you fail
2265 to do so. Set WITHOUT_GPL_DTC if you require the BSDL compiler.
2268 Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.4 release.
2271 The nve(4) driver has been removed. Please use the nfe(4) driver
2272 for NVIDIA nForce MCP Ethernet adapters instead.
2275 An ABI incompatibility crept into the libc++ 3.4 import in r261283.
2276 This could cause certain C++ applications using shared libraries built
2277 against the previous version of libc++ to crash. The incompatibility
2278 has now been fixed, but any C++ applications or shared libraries built
2279 between r261283 and r261801 should be recompiled.
2282 OpenSSH will now ignore errors caused by kernel lacking of Capsicum
2283 capability mode support. Please note that enabling the feature in
2284 kernel is still highly recommended.
2287 OpenSSH is now built with sandbox support, and will use sandbox as
2288 the default privilege separation method. This requires Capsicum
2289 capability mode support in kernel.
2292 The libelf and libdwarf libraries have been updated to newer
2293 versions from upstream. Shared library version numbers for
2294 these two libraries were bumped. Any ports or binaries
2295 requiring these two libraries should be recompiled.
2296 __FreeBSD_version is bumped to 1100006.
2299 If a Makefile in a tests/ directory was auto-generating a Kyuafile
2300 instead of providing an explicit one, this would prevent such
2301 Makefile from providing its own Kyuafile in the future during
2302 NO_CLEAN builds. This has been fixed in the Makefiles but manual
2303 intervention is needed to clean an objdir if you use NO_CLEAN:
2304 # find /usr/obj -name Kyuafile | xargs rm -f
2307 The behavior of gss_pseudo_random() for the krb5 mechanism
2308 has changed, for applications requesting a longer random string
2309 than produced by the underlying enctype's pseudo-random() function.
2310 In particular, the random string produced from a session key of
2311 enctype aes256-cts-hmac-sha1-96 or aes256-cts-hmac-sha1-96 will
2312 be different at the 17th octet and later, after this change.
2313 The counter used in the PRF+ construction is now encoded as a
2314 big-endian integer in accordance with RFC 4402.
2315 __FreeBSD_version is bumped to 1100004.
2318 The WITHOUT_ATF build knob has been removed and its functionality
2319 has been subsumed into the more generic WITHOUT_TESTS. If you were
2320 using the former to disable the build of the ATF libraries, you
2321 should change your settings to use the latter.
2324 The default version of mtree is nmtree which is obtained from
2325 NetBSD. The output is generally the same, but may vary
2326 slightly. If you found you need identical output adding
2327 "-F freebsd9" to the command line should do the trick. For the
2328 time being, the old mtree is available as fmtree.
2331 libbsdyml has been renamed to libyaml and moved to /usr/lib/private.
2332 This will break ports-mgmt/pkg. Rebuild the port, or upgrade to pkg
2333 1.1.4_8 and verify bsdyml not linked in, before running "make
2335 # make -C /usr/ports/ports-mgmt/pkg build deinstall install clean
2337 # pkg install pkg; ldd /usr/local/sbin/pkg | grep bsdyml
2340 The stable/10 branch has been created in subversion from head
2347 Sometimes, obscure build problems are the result of environment
2348 poisoning. This can happen because the make utility reads its
2349 environment when searching for values for global variables. To run
2350 your build attempts in an "environmental clean room", prefix all make
2351 commands with 'env -i '. See the env(1) manual page for more details.
2352 Occasionally a build failure will occur with "make -j" due to a race
2353 condition. If this happens try building again without -j, and please
2354 report a bug if it happens consistently.
2356 When upgrading from one major version to another it is generally best to
2357 upgrade to the latest code in the currently installed branch first, then
2358 do an upgrade to the new branch. This is the best-tested upgrade path,
2359 and has the highest probability of being successful. Please try this
2360 approach if you encounter problems with a major version upgrade. Since
2361 the stable 4.x branch point, one has generally been able to upgrade from
2362 anywhere in the most recent stable branch to head / current (or even the
2363 last couple of stable branches). See the top of this file when there's
2366 The update process will emit an error on an attempt to perform a build
2367 or install from a FreeBSD version below the earliest supported version.
2368 When updating from an older version the update should be performed one
2369 major release at a time, including running `make delete-old` at each
2372 When upgrading a live system, having a root shell around before
2373 installing anything can help undo problems. Not having a root shell
2374 around can lead to problems if pam has changed too much from your
2375 starting point to allow continued authentication after the upgrade.
2377 This file should be read as a log of events. When a later event changes
2378 information of a prior event, the prior event should not be deleted.
2379 Instead, a pointer to the entry with the new information should be
2380 placed in the old entry. Readers of this file should also sanity check
2381 older entries before relying on them blindly. Authors of new entries
2382 should write them with this in mind.
2386 When upgrading the boot ZFS pool to a new version, always follow
2389 1.) recompile and reinstall the ZFS boot loader and boot block
2390 (this is part of "make buildworld" and "make installworld")
2392 2.) update the ZFS boot block on your boot drive
2394 The following example updates the ZFS boot block on the
2395 freebsd-boot partition of a GPT partitioned drive ada0:
2396 "gpart bootcode -p /boot/gptzfsboot -i $N ada0"
2397 The value $N will typically be 1 (if booting from BIOS) or 2 (if
2400 Non-boot pools do not need these updates.
2404 If you are updating from a prior version of FreeBSD (even one just
2405 a few days old), you should follow this procedure. It is the most
2406 failsafe as it uses a /usr/obj tree with a fresh mini-buildworld,
2408 make kernel-toolchain
2409 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2410 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2412 To test a kernel once
2413 ---------------------
2414 If you just want to boot a kernel once (because you are not sure
2415 if it works, or if you want to boot a known bad kernel to provide
2416 debugging information) run
2417 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE KODIR=/boot/testkernel
2418 nextboot -k testkernel
2420 To rebuild everything and install it on the current system.
2421 -----------------------------------------------------------
2422 # Note: sometimes if you are running current you gotta do more than
2423 # is listed here if you are upgrading from a really old current.
2425 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
2427 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2428 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2430 <reboot in single user> [3]
2437 To cross-install current onto a separate partition
2438 --------------------------------------------------
2439 # In this approach we use a separate partition to hold
2440 # current's root, 'usr', and 'var' directories. A partition
2441 # holding "/", "/usr" and "/var" should be about 2GB in
2444 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
2447 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2448 <maybe newfs current's root partition>
2449 <mount current's root partition on directory ${CURRENT_ROOT}>
2450 make installworld DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} -DDB_FROM_SRC
2451 make distribution DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} # if newfs'd
2452 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT}
2453 cp /etc/fstab ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab # if newfs'd
2454 <edit ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab to mount "/" from the correct partition>
2455 <reboot into current>
2456 <do a "native" rebuild/install as described in the previous section>
2457 <maybe install compatibility libraries from ports/misc/compat*>
2461 To upgrade in-place from stable to current
2462 ----------------------------------------------
2463 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
2465 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE [8]
2466 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2468 <reboot in single user> [3]
2475 Make sure that you've read the UPDATING file to understand the
2476 tweaks to various things you need. At this point in the life
2477 cycle of current, things change often and you are on your own
2478 to cope. The defaults can also change, so please read ALL of
2479 the UPDATING entries.
2481 Also, if you are tracking -current, you must be subscribed to
2482 freebsd-current@freebsd.org. Make sure that before you update
2483 your sources that you have read and understood all the recent
2484 messages there. If in doubt, please track -stable which has
2485 much fewer pitfalls.
2487 [1] If you have third party modules, such as vmware, you should disable
2488 them at this point so they don't crash your system on
2489 reboot. Alternatively, you should rebuild all the modules you have in
2490 your system and install them as well. If you are running -current, you
2491 should seriously consider placing all sources to all the modules for
2492 your system (or symlinks to them) in /usr/local/sys/modules so this
2493 happens automatically. If all your modules come from ports, then adding
2494 the port origin directories to PORTS_MODULES instead is also automatic
2496 PORTS_MODULES+=x11/nvidia-driver
2498 [3] From the bootblocks, boot -s, and then do
2502 sh /etc/rc.d/zfs start # mount zfs filesystem, if needed
2503 cd src # full path to source
2504 adjkerntz -i # if CMOS is wall time
2505 Also, when doing a major release upgrade, it is required that you boot
2506 into single user mode to do the installworld.
2508 [4] Note: This step is non-optional. Failure to do this step
2509 can result in a significant reduction in the functionality of the
2510 system. Attempting to do it by hand is not recommended and those
2511 that pursue this avenue should read this file carefully, as well
2512 as the archives of freebsd-current and freebsd-hackers mailing lists
2513 for potential gotchas. The -U option is also useful to consider.
2514 See mergemaster(8) for more information.
2516 [5] Usually this step is a no-op. However, from time to time
2517 you may need to do this if you get unknown user in the following
2518 step. It never hurts to do it all the time. You may need to
2519 install a new mergemaster (cd src/usr.sbin/mergemaster && make
2520 install) after the buildworld before this step if you last updated
2521 from current before 20130425 or from -stable before 20130430.
2523 [6] This only deletes old files and directories. Old libraries
2524 can be deleted by "make delete-old-libs", but you have to make
2525 sure that no program is using those libraries anymore.
2527 [8] The new kernel must be able to run existing binaries used by an
2528 installworld. When upgrading across major versions, the new kernel's
2529 configuration must include the correct COMPAT_FREEBSD<n> option for
2530 existing binaries (e.g. COMPAT_FREEBSD11 to run 11.x binaries). Failure
2531 to do so may leave you with a system that is hard to boot to recover. A
2532 GENERIC kernel will include suitable compatibility options to run
2533 binaries from older branches. Note that the ability to run binaries
2534 from unsupported branches is not guaranteed.
2536 Make sure that you merge any new devices from GENERIC since the
2537 last time you updated your kernel config file. Options also
2538 change over time, so you may need to adjust your custom kernels
2541 [9] If CPUTYPE is defined in your /etc/make.conf, make sure to use the
2542 "?=" instead of the "=" assignment operator, so that buildworld can
2543 override the CPUTYPE if it needs to.
2545 MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX must be defined in an environment variable, and
2546 not on the command line, or in /etc/make.conf. buildworld will
2547 warn if it is improperly defined.
2550 This file contains a list, in reverse chronological order, of major
2551 breakages in tracking -current. It is not guaranteed to be a complete
2552 list of such breakages, and only contains entries since September 23, 2011.
2553 If you need to see UPDATING entries from before that date, you will need
2554 to fetch an UPDATING file from an older FreeBSD release.
2556 Copyright information:
2558 Copyright 1998-2009 M. Warner Losh <imp@FreeBSD.org>
2560 Redistribution, publication, translation and use, with or without
2561 modification, in full or in part, in any form or format of this
2562 document are permitted without further permission from the author.
2564 THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED BY WARNER LOSH ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
2565 IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED
2566 WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE
2567 DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL WARNER LOSH BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT,
2568 INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES
2569 (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR
2570 SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
2571 HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT,
2572 STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING
2573 IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
2574 POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
2576 Contact Warner Losh if you have any questions about your use of