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4 <!ENTITY % release PUBLIC "-//FreeBSD//ENTITIES Release Specification//EN" "release.ent">
6 <!ENTITY % sponsor PUBLIC "-//FreeBSD//ENTITIES Sponsor Specification//EN" "sponsor.ent">
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11 <!ENTITY errata SYSTEM "../../share/xml/errata.xml">
13 <article xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook"
14 xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" version="5.0">
17 <title>&os; &release.current; Release Notes</title>
20 <orgname>The &os; Project</orgname>
23 <pubdate>$FreeBSD$</pubdate>
25 <!-- Last rev: 278934 -->
29 <holder role="mailto:doc@FreeBSD.org">The &os; Documentation
33 <legalnotice xml:id="trademarks" role="trademarks">
43 <para>The release notes for &os; &release.current; contain
44 a summary of the changes made to the &os; base system on the
45 &release.branch; development line. This document lists
46 applicable security advisories that were issued since the last
47 release, as well as significant changes to the &os; kernel and
48 userland. Some brief remarks on upgrading are also
53 <sect1 xml:id="intro">
54 <title>Introduction</title>
56 <para>This document contains the release notes for &os;
57 &release.current;. It describes recently added, changed, or
58 deleted features of &os;. It also provides some notes on
59 upgrading from previous versions of &os;.</para>
61 <para releasetype="current">The &release.type; distribution to
62 which these release notes apply represents the latest point
63 along the &release.branch; development branch since
64 &release.branch; was created. Information regarding pre-built,
65 binary &release.type; distributions along this branch can be
67 xlink:href="&release.url;">&release.url;</uri>.</para>
69 <para releasetype="snapshot">The &release.type; distribution to
70 which these release notes apply represents a point along the
71 &release.branch; development branch between &release.prev; and
72 the future &release.next;. Information regarding pre-built,
73 binary &release.type; distributions along this branch can be
75 xlink:href="&release.url;">&release.url;</uri>.</para>
77 <para releasetype="release">This distribution of &os;
78 &release.current; is a &release.type; distribution. It can be
79 found at <uri xlink:href="&release.url;">&release.url;</uri> or
80 any of its mirrors. More information on obtaining this (or
81 other) &release.type; distributions of &os; can be found in the
83 xlink:href="&url.books.handbook;/mirrors.html"><quote>Obtaining
84 &os;</quote> appendix</link> to the <link
85 xlink:href="&url.books.handbook;/">&os;
86 Handbook</link>.</para>
88 <para>All users are encouraged to consult the release errata
89 before installing &os;. The errata document is updated with
90 <quote>late-breaking</quote> information discovered late in the
91 release cycle or after the release. Typically, it contains
92 information on known bugs, security advisories, and corrections
93 to documentation. An up-to-date copy of the errata for &os;
94 &release.current; can be found on the &os; Web site.</para>
96 <para>This document describes the most user-visible new or changed
97 features in &os; since &release.prev;. In general, changes
98 described here are unique to the &release.branch; branch unless
99 specifically marked as &merged; features.</para>
101 <para>Typical release note items document recent security
102 advisories issued after &release.prev;, new drivers or hardware
103 support, new commands or options, major bug fixes, or
104 contributed software upgrades. They may also list changes to
105 major ports/packages or release engineering practices. Clearly
106 the release notes cannot list every single change made to &os;
107 between releases; this document focuses primarily on security
108 advisories, user-visible changes, and major architectural
112 <sect1 xml:id="upgrade">
113 <title>Upgrading from Previous Releases of &os;</title>
115 <para arch="amd64,i386">Binary upgrades between RELEASE versions
116 (and snapshots of the various security branches) are supported
117 using the &man.freebsd-update.8; utility. The binary upgrade
118 procedure will update unmodified userland utilities, as well as
119 unmodified GENERIC kernels distributed as a part of an official
120 &os; release. The &man.freebsd-update.8; utility requires that
121 the host being upgraded have Internet connectivity.</para>
123 <para>Source-based upgrades (those based on recompiling the &os;
124 base system from source code) from previous versions are
125 supported, according to the instructions in
126 <filename>/usr/src/UPDATING</filename>.</para>
129 <para>Upgrading &os; should only be attempted after backing up
130 <emphasis>all</emphasis> data and configuration files.</para>
134 <sect1 xml:id="security-errata">
135 <title>Security and Errata</title>
137 <para>This section lists the various Security Advisories and
138 Errata Notices since &release.prev;.</para>
140 <sect2 xml:id="security">
141 <title>Security Advisories</title>
146 <sect2 xml:id="errata">
147 <title>Errata Notices</title>
153 <sect1 xml:id="userland">
154 <title>Userland</title>
156 <para>This section covers changes and additions to userland
157 applications, contributed software, and system utilities.</para>
159 <sect2 xml:id="userland-config">
160 <title>Userland Configuration Changes</title>
162 <para revision="266463">The default &man.newsyslog.conf.5; now
163 includes files in the
164 <filename>/etc/newsyslog.conf.d/</filename> and
165 <filename>/usr/local/etc/newsyslog.conf.d/</filename>
166 directories by default for &man.newsyslog.8;.</para>
168 <para revision="270675">The &man.mailwrapper.8; utility has been
169 updated to use &man.mailer.conf.5; from the
170 <literal>LOCALBASE</literal> environment variable, which
171 defaults to <filename class="directory">/usr/local</filename>
174 <para revision="272350">The <literal>MK_ARM_EABI</literal>
175 &man.src.conf.5; option has been removed.</para>
178 <sect2 xml:id="userland-programs">
179 <title>Userland Application Changes</title>
181 <para revision="258838" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ff;,
182 &google;" sponsorurl="">The &man.casperd.8; daemon has been
183 added, which provides access to functionality that is not
184 available in the <quote>capability mode</quote>
187 <para revision="260594">When unable to load a kernel module with
188 &man.kldload.8;, a message informing to view output of
189 &man.dmesg.8; is now printed, opposed to the previous output
190 <quote>Exec format error.</quote>.</para>
192 <para revision="260910">Allow &man.pciconf.8; to identify PCI
193 devices that are attached to a driver to be identified by
194 their device name instead of just the selector. Additionally,
195 an optional device argument to the <literal>-l</literal> flag
196 to restrict the output to only listing details about a single
199 <para revision="260913">A new flag, <quote>onifconsole</quote>
200 has been added to <filename>/etc/ttys</filename>. This allows
201 the system to provide a login prompt via serial console if the
202 device is an active kernel console, otherwise it is equivalent
203 to <literal>off</literal>.</para>
205 <para revision="260926">Support for displaying VPD for PCI
206 devices via &man.pciconf.8; has been added.</para>
208 <para revision="261498">&man.ping.8; protects against malicious
209 network packets using the Capsicum framework to drop
212 <para revision="265229">The &man.ps.1; utility has been
213 updated to include the <literal>-J</literal> flag, used to
214 filter output by matching &man.jail.8; IDs and names.
215 Additionally, argument <literal>0</literal> can be used to
216 <literal>-J</literal> to only list processes running on the
219 <para revision="265249">The &man.top.1; utility has been updated
220 to filter by &man.jail.8; ID or name, in followup to the
221 &man.ps.1; change in <literal>r265229</literal>.</para>
223 <para revision="265995">The Blowfish &man.crypt.3; default
224 format has been changed to
225 <literal>$2b$</literal>.</para>
227 <para revision="266209">The &man.pmcstat.8; utility has been
228 updated to include a new flag, <literal>-l</literal>, which
229 ends event collection after the specified number of
232 <para revision="270745">The &man.ps.1; utility has been updated
233 to include a new keyword, <quote>tracer</quote>, which
234 displays the <acronym>PID</acronym> of the tracing
237 <para revision="271482">Support for adding empty partitions has
238 been added to the &man.mkimg.1; utility.</para>
240 <para revision="272166">The &man.primes.6; utility has been
241 updated to correctly enumerate prime numbers between
242 <literal>4295098369</literal> and
243 <literal>3825123056546413050</literal>, which prior to this
244 change, it would be possible for returned values to be
245 incorrectly identified as prime numbers.</para>
247 <para revision="272198">The &man.mkimg.1; utility has been
248 updated to include three options used to print information
249 about &man.mkimg.1; itself:</para>
251 <informaltable frame="none" pgwide="0">
253 <colspec colwidth="1*"/>
254 <colspec colwidth="1*"/>
257 <entry>Option</entry>
258 <entry>Output</entry>
264 <entry><literal>--version</literal></entry>
265 <entry>The current version of the &man.mkimg.1;
270 <entry><literal>--formats</literal></entry>
271 <entry>The disk image file formats supported by
272 &man.mkimg.1;</entry>
276 <entry><literal>--schemes</literal></entry>
277 <entry>The partition schemes supported by
278 &man.mkimg.1;</entry>
284 <para revision="272488">Userland &man.ctf.5; support in
285 &man.dtrace.1; has been added. With this change,
286 &man.dtrace.1; is able to resolve type info for function and
287 <acronym>USDT</acronym> probe arguments, and function return
290 <para revision="274960">The &man.elfdump.1; utility has been
291 updated to support capability mode provided by
292 &man.capsicum.4;.</para>
294 <para revision="275680" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ff;">The
295 &man.fstyp.8; utility has been added, which is used to
296 determine the filesystem on a specified device.</para>
298 <para revision="276881">The <literal>libedit</literal> library
299 has been updated to support <acronym>UTF</acronym>-8, which
300 additionally provides unicode support to &man.sh.1;.</para>
302 <para revision="277166" arch="powerpc">The &man.ptrace.2; system
303 call has been updated include support for Altivec registers on
304 &os;/&arch.powerpc;.</para>
306 <para revision="278320">A new device control utility,
307 &man.devctl.8; has been added, which allows making
308 administrative changes to individual devices, such as
309 attaching and detaching drivers, and enabling and disabling
310 devices. The &man.devctl.8; utility uses the new
311 &man.devctl.3; library.</para>
313 <para revision="279315" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ff;">The
314 &man.uefisign.8; utility has been added.</para>
316 <para revision="279571" contrib="sponsor"
317 sponsor="&scaleengine;">The &man.freebsd-update.8; utility has
318 been updated to prevent fetching updated binary patches when
319 a previous upgrade has not been throughly completed.</para>
321 <para revision="279122" contrib="sponsor"
322 sponsor="&juniper;">The &man.netstat.1; utility has been
323 updated to link against the &man.libxo.3; shared
327 <sect2 xml:id="userland-contrib">
328 <title>Contributed Software</title>
330 <para revision="258884" contrib="sponsor"
331 sponsor="&darpa_afrl;">&man.lldb.1; has been updated to
332 upstream snapshot version r196259.</para>
334 <para revision="259626">Timezone data files have been updated to
335 version 2013i.</para>
337 <para revision="260445">&man.byacc.1; has been updated to
338 version 20140101.</para>
340 <para revision="261071">&man.jemalloc.3; has been updated to
341 version 3.5.0.</para>
343 <para revision="261283"><application>libc++</application> has
344 been updated to version 3.4.</para>
346 <para revision="261320"><application>OpenSSH</application> has
347 been updated to 6.5p1.</para>
349 <para revision="261344"><application>mdocml</application> has
350 been updated to version 1.12.3.</para>
352 <para revision="261991"><application>LLVM</application> and
353 <application>Clang</application> have been updated to
356 <para revision="266527"
357 role="merged"><application>Sendmail</application> has been
358 updated from 8.14.7 to 8.14.9.</para>
360 <para revision="276577"><application>file</application> has been
361 updated to version 5.22.</para>
363 <para revision="275718">The <application>binutils</application>
364 suite of utilities has been updated to include upstream
365 patches that add new relocations for &arch.powerpc;
368 <para revision="276398" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ff;">The
369 <application>ELF Tool Chain</application> has been updated to
370 upstream revision r3136.</para>
372 <para revision="276551">The <application>texinfo</application>
373 utility and <literal>info</literal> pages were removed from
374 the base system. The <filename
375 role="package">print/texinfo</filename> port should be
376 installed on systems where <literal>info</literal> pages are
379 <para revision="276796" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ff;">The ELF
380 object manipulation tools
381 <application>addr2line</application>,
382 <application>elfcopy (strip)</application>,
383 <application>nm</application>,
384 <application>readelf</application>,
385 <application>size</application>, and
386 <application>strings</application> were switched to the
387 versions from the ELF Tool Chain project.</para>
389 <para revision="276881">The <literal>libedit</literal> library
390 has been updated to include <acronym>UTF-8</acronym> support,
391 adding <acronym>UTF-8</acronym> support to the &man.sh.1;
394 <para revision="277270"><application>OpenSSL</application> has
395 been updated to version 1.0.1l.</para>
397 <para revision="278433">The &man.xz.1; utility has been updated
398 to support multi-threaded compression.</para>
400 <para revision="278970">The &man.acpi.4; subsystem has been
401 updated to version 20150204.</para>
403 <para revision="280932" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ff;">The
404 <application>elftoolchain</application> utilities have been
405 updated to version 3179.</para>
407 <para revision="281316">The &man.xz.1; utility has been udpated
408 to version 5.2.1.</para>
410 <para revision="281373">The &man.nvi.1; utility has been updated
411 to version 2.1.3.</para>
413 <para revision="281806">The &man.wpa.supplicant.8; and
414 &man.hostapd.8; utilties have been updated to version
417 <para revision="281812"><application>bmake</application> has
418 been updated to version 20150418.</para>
420 <para revision="282089">The &man.unbound.8; utility has been
421 updated to version 1.5.3.</para>
424 <sect2 xml:id="userland-installer">
425 <title>Installation and Configuration Tools</title>
427 <para revision="271539">The &man.bsdinstall.8; partition editor
428 and &man.sade.8; utility have been updated to include native
429 <acronym>ZFS</acronym> support.</para>
431 <para revision="272274">The &os; installation utility,
432 &man.bsdinstall.8;, has been updated to set the
433 <literal>canmount</literal> &man.zfs.8; property to
434 <literal>off</literal> for the <filename
435 class="directory">/var</filename> dataset, preventing the
436 contents of directories within <filename
437 class="directory">/var</filename> from conflicting when
438 using multiple boot environments, such as that provided by
439 <filename role="package">sysutils/beadm</filename>.</para>
441 <para revision="274394">The &man.bsdconfig.8; utility has been
442 updated to skip the initial &man.tzsetup.8;
443 <acronym>UTC</acronym> versus wall-clock time prompt when run
444 in a virtual machine, determined when the
445 <literal>kern.vm_guest</literal> &man.sysctl.8; is set to
446 <literal>1</literal>.</para>
448 <para revision="275874">The &man.bsdinstall.8; utility has been
449 updated to use the new &man.dpv.3; library to display progress
450 when extracting the &os; distributions.</para>
453 <sect2 xml:id="userland-rc">
454 <title><filename class="directory">/etc/rc.d</filename>
457 <para revision="270676">The &man.rc.8; subsystem has been
458 updated to allow configuring services in <filename
459 class="directory">${LOCALBASE}/etc/rc.conf.d/</filename>.
460 If <literal>LOCALBASE</literal> is unset, it defaults to
461 <filename class="directory">/usr/local</filename>.</para>
463 <para revision="275299">The <filename>mrouted</filename>
464 &man.rc.8; script has been removed from the base system. An
465 equivalent script is available from the <filename
466 role="package">net/mrouted</filename> port.</para>
468 <para revision="279463" contrib="sponsor"
469 sponsor="&sandvine;">A new &man.rc.8; script,
470 <filename>iovctl</filename>, has been added, which allows
471 automatically starting the &man.iovctl.8; utility at
475 <sect2 xml:id="userland-periodic">
476 <title><filename class="directory">/etc/periodic</filename>
479 <para revision="271321">The daily &man.periodic.8; script
480 <filename>110.clean-tmps</filename> has been updated to avoid
481 crossing filesystem mount boundaries when cleaning files in
482 <filename class="directory">/tmp</filename>.</para>
485 <sect2 xml:id="userland-libraries">
486 <title>Runtime Libraries and API</title>
488 <para revision="268461">The &man.readline.3; library is now
489 statically linked in software within the base system, and the
490 shared library is no longer installed, allowing the Ports
491 Collection to use a modern version of the library.</para>
493 <para revision="272273">The &man.strptime.3; library has been
494 updated to add support for <acronym>POSIX</acronym>-2001
495 features <literal>%U</literal> and
496 <literal>%W</literal>.</para>
498 <para revision="272842,272848" contrib="sponsor"
499 sponsor="&ff;">The &man.dl.iterate.phdr.3; library has been
500 changed to always return the path name of the
501 <acronym>ELF</acronym> object in the
502 <literal>dlpi_name</literal> structure member.</para>
504 <para revision="273562" contrib="sponsor"
505 sponsor="&juniper;">The &man.libxo.3; library has been
506 imported to the base system.</para>
508 <para revision="273806" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&chelsio;">A
509 userland library for Chelsio Terminator 5 based iWARP cards
510 has been added, allowing userland <acronym>RDMA</acronym>
511 applications to work over compatible
512 <acronym>NIC</acronym>s.</para>
514 <para revision="274987">The &man.gpio.3; library has been added,
515 providing a wrapper around the &man.gpio.4; kernel
518 <para revision="277610">The <literal>futimens()</literal> and
519 <literal>utimensat()</literal> system calls have been
520 added. See &man.utimensat.2; for more information.</para>
522 <para revision="278934">The &man.elf.3; compile-time dependency
523 has been removed from <filename>dtri.o</filename>, which
524 allows adding <application>DTrace</application> probes to
525 userland applications and libraries without also linking
526 against &man.elf.3;.</para>
528 <para revision="279186">The &man.setmode.3; function has been
529 updated to consistently set <literal>errno</literal> on
532 <para revision="279663">The &man.qsort.3; functions have been
533 updated to be able to handle 32-bit aligned data on 64-bit
534 platforms, also providing a significant improvement in 32-bit
538 <sect2 xml:id="userland-abi">
539 <title>ABI Compatibility</title>
541 <para revision="271982">The &linux; compatibility version has
542 been updated to <literal>2.6.18</literal>. The
543 <literal>compat.linux.osrelease</literal> &man.sysctl.8; is
544 evaluated when building the <filename
545 role="package">emulators/linux-c6</filename> and related
550 <sect1 xml:id="kernel">
551 <title>Kernel</title>
553 <para>This section covers changes to kernel configurations, system
554 tuning, and system control parameters that are not otherwise
557 <sect2 xml:id="kernel-bugfix">
558 <title>Kernel Bug Fixes</title>
560 <para revision="265876">A kernel bug that inhibited proper
561 functionality of the <literal>dev.cpu.0.freq</literal>
562 &man.sysctl.8; on &intel; processors with Turbo
563 Boost ™ enabled has been fixed.</para>
565 <para revision="271697" arch="powerpc">Support for
566 &man.dtrace.1; stack tracing has been fixed for
567 &os;/&arch.powerpc;, using the <literal>trapexit()</literal>
568 and <literal>asttrapexit()</literal> functions instead of
569 checking within addressed kernel space.</para>
571 <para revision="272089">A bug in &man.ipfw.4; that could
572 potentially lead to a kernel panic when using &man.dummynet.4;
573 at layer 2 has been fixed.</para>
575 <para revision="280930" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&mitail;">The
576 kernel <acronym>RPC</acronym> has been updated to include
577 several enhancements:</para>
581 <para>The 45 MiB limit on requests queued for
582 &man.nfsd.8; threads has been removed.</para>
586 <para>Avoids unecessary throttling by not deferring
587 accounting for completed requests.</para>
591 <para>Fixes an integer overflow and signedness bugs.</para>
596 <sect2 xml:id="kernel-config">
597 <title>Kernel Configuration</title>
599 <para revision="266531">The <literal>IMAGACT_BINMISC</literal>
600 kernel configuration option has been enabled by default,
601 which enables application execution through emulators, such
602 as <application>Qemu</application>.</para>
604 <para revision="268045">The <literal>VT</literal> kernel
605 configuration file has been removed, and the &man.vt.4;
606 driver is included in the <literal>GENERIC</literal> kernel.
607 To enable &man.vt.4;, enter <literal>set kern.vty=vt</literal>
608 at the &man.loader.8; prompt during boot, or add
609 <literal>kern.vty=vt</literal> to &man.loader.conf.5; and
610 reboot the system.</para>
612 <para revision="277904">The &man.config.8; utility has been
613 updated to allow using a non-standard <filename
614 class="directory">src/</filename> tree, specified as an
615 argument to the <literal>-s</literal> flag.</para>
617 <para revision="277990" arch="powerpc64">The
618 &os;/&arch.powerpc64; kernel now builds as
619 a position-independent executable, allowing the kernel to be
620 loaded into and run from any physical or virtual
624 <para>This change requires an update to &man.loader.8;.
625 The userland and kernel must be updated before rebooting the
629 <para revision="279189" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ff;"
630 arch="powerpc">Kernel support for Vector-Scalar eXtension
631 (<acronym>VSX</acronym>) found on POWER7 and POWER8 hardware
632 has been added.</para>
634 <para revision="279252" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ff;"
635 arch="powerpc">The &man.pmap.9; implementation for 64-bit
636 &powerpc; processors has been overhaulded to improve
640 <sect2 xml:id="kernel-sysctl">
641 <title>System Tuning and Controls</title>
643 <para revision="275140" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ff;">The
644 &man.hwpmc.4; default and maximum callchain depths have been
645 increased. The default has been increased from 16 to 32, and
646 the maximum increased from 32 to 128.</para>
648 <para revision="279361">The <literal>kern.osrelease</literal>
649 and <literal>kern.osreldate</literal> are now configurable
650 &man.jail.8; parameters.</para>
652 <para revision="280308" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ix;">The
653 &man.devfs.5; device filesystem has been changed to disable
654 updating timestamps for read/write operations. A new
655 &man.sysctl.8;, <literal>vfs.devfs.dotimes</literal> has been
656 added, which when set to a non-zero value, enables updating
657 timestamps for these operations.</para>
661 <sect1 xml:id="drivers">
662 <title>Devices and Drivers</title>
664 <para>This section covers changes and additions to devices and
665 device drivers since &release.prev;.</para>
667 <sect2 xml:id="drivers-device">
668 <title>Device Drivers</title>
670 <para revision="260903">Support for GPS ports has been added to
673 <para revision="265132">The &man.full.4; device has been added,
674 and the <literal>lindev(4)</literal> device has been removed.
675 Prior to this change, <literal>lindev(4)</literal> provided
676 only the <filename>/dev/full</filename> character device,
677 returning <literal>ENOSPC</literal> on write attempts. As
678 this device is not specific to &linux;, a native &os; version
679 has been added.</para>
681 <para revision="271705">Hardware context support has been
682 added to the <literal>drm/i915</literal> driver, adding
683 support for <application>Mesa</application> 9.2 and
686 <para revision="273178">The &man.vt.4; driver has been updated,
687 replacing the bitmapped <literal>kern.vt.spclkeys</literal>
688 &man.sysctl.8; with individual
689 <literal>kern.vt.kbd_*</literal> variants.</para>
691 <para revision="273598">The &man.hpet.4; driver has been updated
693 <filename>/dev/hpet<replaceable>N</replaceable></filename>
694 device, providing access to <acronym>HPET</acronym> from
697 <para revision="280183">The <literal>drm</literal> code has
698 been updated to match &linux; version 3.8.13.</para>
701 <sect2 xml:id="drivers-storage">
702 <title>Storage Drivers</title>
704 <para revision="265236" contrib="sponsor"
705 sponsor="&lsi;, &spectralogic;" sponsorurl="">The &man.mpr.4;
706 device has been added, providing support for LSI Fusion-MPT
707 3 12Gb SCSI/SATA controllers.</para>
709 <para revision="265555" contrib="sponsor"
710 sponsor="&lsi;">The &man.mrsas.4; driver has been added,
711 providing support for LSI MegaRAID SAS controllers. The
712 &man.mfi.4; driver will attach to the controller, by default.
713 To enable &man.mrsas.4; add
714 <literal>hw.mfi.mrsas_enable=1</literal> to
715 <filename>/boot/loader.conf</filename>, which turns off
716 &man.mfi.4; device probing.</para>
719 <para>At this time, the &man.mfiutil.8; utility and the &os;
720 version of <application>MegaCLI</application> and
721 <application>StorCli</application> do not work with
722 &man.mrsas.4;.</para>
725 <para revision="275461" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ix;">The
726 &man.ctl.4; subsystem has been updated, increasing the ports
727 limit from <literal>128</literal> to <literal>256</literal>,
728 and <acronym>LUN</acronym> limit from <literal>256</literal>
729 to <literal>1024</literal>.</para>
731 <para revision="276526">The <literal>asr(4)</literal> driver has
732 been removed, and is no longer supported.</para>
735 <sect2 xml:id="drivers-network">
736 <title>Network Drivers</title>
738 <para revision="258830">Support for Broadcom chipsets BCM57764,
739 BCM57767, BCM57782, BCM57786 and BCM57787 has been added to
742 <para revision="260448">Support for the &intel; Centrino™
743 Wireless-N 135 chipset has been added.</para>
745 <para revision="260552">Firmware for &intel; Centrino™
746 Wireless-N 105 devices has been added to the base
749 <para revision="261975">The deprecated nve(4) driver has been
750 removed. Users of NVIDIA nForce MCP network adapters are
751 advised to use the &man.nfe.4; driver instead, which has been
752 the default driver for this hardware since
753 &os; 7.0.</para>
755 <para revision="264601" contrib="sponsor"
756 sponsor="&darpa_afrl;">The <literal>if_nf10bmac(4)</literal>
757 device has been added, providing support for NetFPGA-10G
758 Embedded CPU Ethernet Core.</para>
761 <para>The <literal>if_nf10bmac(4)</literal> driver operates on
762 the FPGA, and is not suited for the PCI host
766 <para revision="265348" contrib="sponsor"
767 sponsor="&netgate;">The &man.ath.hal.4; driver has been
768 updated to support the Atheros AR1111 chipset.</para>
770 <para revision="266770">Support for the &intel; Centrino™
771 Wireless-N 105 chipset has been added.</para>
773 <para revision="266757" contrib="sponsor"
774 sponsor="&chelsio;">Support for the &man.cxgbe.4; Terminator
775 5 (T5) 10G/40G cards has been added to &man.netmap.4;.</para>
777 <para revision="272730">The &man.alc.4; driver has been updated
778 to support AR816x and AR817x ethernet controllers.</para>
780 <para revision="273331">The &man.vxlan.4; driver has been added,
781 which creates a virtual Layer 2 (Ethernet) network overlaid in
782 a Layer 3 (IP/UDP) network. The &man.vxlan.4; driver is
783 analogous to &man.vlan.4;, but is designed to be better suited
784 for large, multiple-tenant datacenter environments.</para>
786 <para revision="274246" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&yandex;">The
787 &man.gre.4; driver has been significantly overhauled, and has
788 been split into two separate modules, &man.gre.4; and
793 <sect1 xml:id="hardware">
794 <title>Hardware Support</title>
796 <para>This section covers general hardware support for physical
797 machines, hypervisors, and virtualization environments, as well
798 as hardware changes and updates that do not otherwise fit in
799 other sections of this document.</para>
801 <sect2 xml:id="hardware-support">
802 <title>Hardware Support</title>
804 <para revision="268303">The &man.asmc.4; driver has been
805 updated to support the &apple; MacMini 3,1.</para>
807 <para revision="268351">Support for &os;/ia64 has been dropped
808 as of &os; 11.</para>
810 <para revision="274386">An issue that could cause a system to
811 hang when entering <acronym>ACPI</acronym>
812 <literal>S3</literal> state (suspend to
813 <acronym>RAM</acronym>) has been corrected in the &man.acpi.4;
814 and &man.pci.4; drivers.</para>
816 <para revision="274733" arch="powerpc">The power management unit
817 subsystem has been updated to support power button events on
818 certain &arch.powerpc; hardware, such as aluminum
819 PowerBook ®.</para>
821 <para revision="275171,275190" arch="powerpc">The &man.hwpmc.4;
822 driver has been updated to correct performance counter
823 sampling on G4 (MPC74xxx) and G5 class processors.</para>
825 <para revision="275732" contrib="sponsor"
826 sponsor="&ff;,&netgate;">The
827 <application>OpenCrypto</application> framework has been
828 updated to include <literal>AES-ICM</literal> and
829 <literal>AES-GCM</literal> modes, both of which have also been
830 added to the &man.aesni.4; driver.</para>
833 <sect2 xml:id="hardware-virtualization">
834 <title>Virtualization Support</title>
836 <para revision="260410">Support for the <quote>Virtual Interrupt
837 Delivery</quote> feature of &intel; VT-x is enabled if
838 supported by the CPU. This feature can be disabled by running
839 <literal>sysctl hw.vmm.vmx.use_apic_vid=0</literal>.
840 Additionally, to persist this setting across reboots, add
841 <literal>hw.vmm.vmx.use_apic_vid=0</literal> to
842 <filename>/etc/sysctl.conf</filename>.</para>
844 <para revision="260532">Support for <quote>Posted Interrupt
845 Processing</quote> is enabled if supported by the CPU. This
846 feature can be disabled by running <literal>sysctl
847 hw.vmm.vmx.use_apic_pir=0</literal>. Additionally, to
848 persist this setting across reboots, add
849 <literal>hw.vmm.vmx.use_apic_pir=0</literal> to
850 <filename>/etc/sysctl.conf</filename>.</para>
852 <para revision="260582">Unmapped IO support has been added to
853 &man.virtio_blk.4;.</para>
855 <para revision="260583">Unmapped IO support has been added to
856 &man.virtio_scsi.4;.</para>
858 <para revision="260847">The &man.virtio_random.4; driver has
859 been added to harvest entropy from the host system.</para>
861 <para revision="261504">&os;/&arch.i386; guests can be run under
864 <para revision="267536" contrib="sponsor"
865 sponsor="&citrix.rd;">Support for running a &os;/&arch.amd64;
866 <application>Xen</application> guest instance as
867 <acronym>PVH</acronym> guest has been added.
868 <acronym>PVH</acronym> mode, short for <quote>Para-Virtualized
869 Hardware</quote>, uses para-virtualized drivers for boot and
870 I/O, and uses hardware virtualization extensions for all other
871 tasks, without the need for emulation.</para>
873 <para revision="273515">The &man.virtio.console.4; driver has
874 been added, which provides an interface to VirtIO console
875 devices through a &man.tty.4; device.</para>
877 <para revision="279957">The &man.bhyve.8; hypervisor has been
878 updated to support <literal>DSM TRIM</literal> commands for
879 virtual <acronym>AHCI</acronym> disks.</para>
882 <sect2 xml:id="hardware-arm">
883 <title>ARM Support</title>
885 <para revision="260921">The &man.nand.4; device is enabled for
886 ARM devices by default.</para>
888 <para revision="273264" arch="armv6">An issue that could cause
889 instability when detecting <acronym>SD</acronym> cards on the
890 Raspberry Pi <acronym>SOC</acronym> has been fixed.</para>
892 <para revision="275963">The <literal>bcm2835_cpufreq</literal>
893 driver has been added, which supports <acronym>CPU</acronym>
894 frequency and voltage control on the Raspberry Pi
895 <acronym>SOC</acronym>.</para>
897 <para revision="280259" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ff;">Initial
898 support for the ARM AArch64 architecture has been
903 <sect1 xml:id="storage">
904 <title>Storage</title>
906 <para>This section covers changes and additions to file systems
907 and other storage subsystems, both local and networked.</para>
909 <sect2 xml:id="storage-general">
910 <title>General Storage</title>
911 <para revision="278037" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ix;">The
912 &man.ctl.4; <acronym>LUN</acronym> mapping has been rewritten,
913 replacing <acronym>iSCSI</acronym>-specific mapping mechanisms
914 with a new mechanism that works for any port.</para>
916 <para revision="278354" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ix;">The
917 &man.ctld.8; utility has been updated to allow controlling
918 non-<acronym>iSCSI</acronym> &man.ctl.4; ports.</para>
921 <sect2 xml:id="storage-net">
922 <title>Networked Storage</title>
924 <para revision="270096" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ff;">The new
925 filesystem automount facility, &man.autofs.5;, has been added.
926 The new &man.autofs.5; facility is similar to that found in
927 other &unix;-like operating systems, such as OS X™
928 and Solaris™. The &man.autofs.5; facility uses
929 a &sun;-compatible &man.auto.master.5; configuration file, and
930 is administered with the &man.automount.8; userland utility,
931 and the &man.automountd.8; and &man.autounmountd.8;
935 <sect2 xml:id="storage-zfs">
938 <para revision="275748">The <literal>arc_meta_limit</literal>
939 statistics are now visible through the
940 <literal>kstat</literal> &man.sysctl.8;. As a result of this
941 change, the <literal>vfs.zfs.arc_meta_used</literal>
942 &man.sysctl.8; has been removed, and replaced with the
943 <literal>kstat.zfs.misc.arcstats.arc_meta_used</literal>
944 &man.sysctl.8;.</para>
947 <sect2 xml:id="storage-geom">
948 <title>&man.geom.4;</title>
950 <para revision="267359">Support for the
951 <literal>disklabel64</literal> partitioning scheme has been
952 added to &man.gpart.8;.</para>
956 <sect1 xml:id="boot">
957 <title>Boot Loader Changes</title>
959 <para>This section covers the boot loader, boot menu, and other
960 boot-related changes.</para>
962 <sect2 xml:id="boot-loader">
963 <title>Boot Loader Changes</title>
965 <para revision="274085">The &man.vt.4; driver has been made the
966 default system console driver. The &man.syscons.4; driver is
967 still available, and can be enabled by adding
968 <literal>kern.vty=sc</literal> in &man.loader.conf.5;.
969 Alternatively, &man.syscons.4; can be enabled at boot time by
970 entering <literal>set kern.vty=sc</literal> at the
971 &man.loader.8; prompt.</para>
973 <para revision="281616">The boot loader has been updated to
974 support entering the <acronym>GELI</acronym> passphrase before
975 loading the kernel. To enable this behavior, add
976 <literal>geom_eli_passphrase_prompt="YES"</literal> to
977 &man.loader.conf.5;.</para>
980 <sect2 xml:id="boot-menu">
981 <title>Boot Menu Changes</title>
987 <sect1 xml:id="network">
988 <title>Networking</title>
990 <para>This section describes changes that affect networking in
993 <sect2 xml:id="network-protocols">
994 <title>Network Procols</title>
996 <para revision="263140">Support for the IPX network transport
997 protocol has been removed, and will not be supported in
998 &os; 11 and later releases.</para>
1000 <para revision="272720" contrib="sponsor"
1001 sponsor="&limelight;">Support for <acronym>PLPMTUD</acronym>
1002 blackhole detection (<acronym>RFC</acronym> 4821) has been
1003 added to the &man.tcp.4; stack, disabled by default. New
1004 control tunables have been added:</para>
1006 <informaltable frame="none" pgwide="0">
1008 <colspec colwidth="1*"/>
1009 <colspec colwidth="1*"/>
1012 <entry>Tunable</entry>
1013 <entry>Description</entry>
1019 <entry><literal>net.inet.tcp.pmtud_blackhole_detection</literal></entry>
1020 <entry>Enables or disables <acronym>PLPMTUD</acronym>
1021 blackhole detection</entry>
1025 <entry><literal>net.inet.tcp.pmtud_blackhole_mss</literal></entry>
1026 <entry><acronym>MSS</acronym> to try for IPv4</entry>
1030 <entry><literal>net.inet.tcp.v6pmtud_blackhole_mss</literal></entry>
1031 <entry><acronym>MSS to try for IPv6</acronym></entry>
1037 <para>New monitoring &man.sysctl.8;s haven been added:</para>
1039 <informaltable frame="none" pgwide="0">
1041 <colspec colwidth="1*"/>
1042 <colspec colwidth="1*"/>
1045 <entry>Tunable</entry>
1046 <entry>Description</entry>
1052 <entry><literal>net.inet.tcp.pmtud_blackhole_activated</literal></entry>
1053 <entry>Number of times the code was activated to attempt
1054 downshifting the <acronym>MSS</acronym></entry>
1058 <entry><literal>net.inet.tcp.pmtud_blackhole_min_activated</literal></entry>
1059 <entry>Number of times the blackhole
1060 <acronym>MSS</acronym> was used in an attempt to
1065 <entry><literal>net.inet.tcp.pmtud_blackhole_failed</literal></entry>
1066 <entry>Number of times that the blackhole failed to
1067 connect after downshifting the
1068 <acronym>MSS</acronym></entry>
1076 <sect1 xml:id="ports">
1077 <title>Ports Collection and Package Infrastructure</title>
1079 <para>This section covers changes to the &os; Ports
1080 Collection, package infrastructure, and package maintenance and
1081 installation tools.</para>
1083 <sect2 xml:id="ports-infrastructure">
1084 <title>Infrastructure Changes</title>
1089 <sect2 xml:id="ports-packages ">
1090 <title>Packaging Changes</title>
1096 <sect1 xml:id="doc">
1097 <title>Documentation</title>
1099 <para>This section covers changes to the &os; Documentation
1100 Project sources and toolchain.</para>
1102 <sect2 xml:id="doc-sources">
1103 <title>Documentation Source Changes</title>
1108 <sect2 xml:id="doc-toolchain">
1109 <title>Documentation Toolchain Changes</title>
1115 <sect1 xml:id="releng">
1116 <title>Release Engineering and Integration</title>
1118 <para>This section convers changes that are specific to the
1119 &os; Release Engineering processes.</para>
1121 <sect2 xml:id="releng-changes">
1122 <title>Integration Changes</title>
1124 <para revision="277458" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ff;">The
1125 Release Engineering build tools have been updated to include
1126 support for producing virtual machine disk images for various
1127 cloud hosting providers.</para>
1129 <para revision="278926">The Release Engineering build tools have
1130 been updated to use multi-threaded &man.xz.1;. By default,
1131 the number of &man.xz.1; threads is set to the number of cores