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4 <!ENTITY % release PUBLIC "-//FreeBSD//ENTITIES Release Specification//EN" "release.ent">
6 <!ENTITY % sponsor PUBLIC "-//FreeBSD//ENTITIES Sponsor Specification//EN" "sponsor.ent">
8 <!ENTITY % vendor PUBLIC "-//FreeBSD//ENTITIES Vendor Specification//EN" "vendor.ent">
10 <!ENTITY security SYSTEM "../../share/xml/security.xml">
11 <!ENTITY errata SYSTEM "../../share/xml/errata.xml">
13 <article xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook"
14 xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" version="5.0">
17 <title>&os; &release.current; Release Notes</title>
20 <orgname>The &os; Project</orgname>
23 <pubdate>$FreeBSD$</pubdate>
25 <!-- Last rev: 282482 -->
29 <holder role="mailto:doc@FreeBSD.org">The &os; Documentation
33 <legalnotice xml:id="trademarks" role="trademarks">
43 <para>The release notes for &os; &release.current; contain
44 a summary of the changes made to the &os; base system on the
45 &release.branch; development line. This document lists
46 applicable security advisories that were issued since the last
47 release, as well as significant changes to the &os; kernel and
48 userland. Some brief remarks on upgrading are also
53 <sect1 xml:id="intro">
54 <title>Introduction</title>
56 <para>This document contains the release notes for &os;
57 &release.current;. It describes recently added, changed, or
58 deleted features of &os;. It also provides some notes on
59 upgrading from previous versions of &os;.</para>
61 <para releasetype="current">The &release.type; distribution to
62 which these release notes apply represents the latest point
63 along the &release.branch; development branch since
64 &release.branch; was created. Information regarding pre-built,
65 binary &release.type; distributions along this branch can be
67 xlink:href="&release.url;">&release.url;</uri>.</para>
69 <para releasetype="snapshot">The &release.type; distribution to
70 which these release notes apply represents a point along the
71 &release.branch; development branch between &release.prev; and
72 the future &release.next;. Information regarding pre-built,
73 binary &release.type; distributions along this branch can be
75 xlink:href="&release.url;">&release.url;</uri>.</para>
77 <para releasetype="release">This distribution of &os;
78 &release.current; is a &release.type; distribution. It can be
79 found at <uri xlink:href="&release.url;">&release.url;</uri> or
80 any of its mirrors. More information on obtaining this (or
81 other) &release.type; distributions of &os; can be found in the
83 xlink:href="&url.books.handbook;/mirrors.html"><quote>Obtaining
84 &os;</quote> appendix</link> to the <link
85 xlink:href="&url.books.handbook;/">&os;
86 Handbook</link>.</para>
88 <para>All users are encouraged to consult the release errata
89 before installing &os;. The errata document is updated with
90 <quote>late-breaking</quote> information discovered late in the
91 release cycle or after the release. Typically, it contains
92 information on known bugs, security advisories, and corrections
93 to documentation. An up-to-date copy of the errata for &os;
94 &release.current; can be found on the &os; Web site.</para>
96 <para>This document describes the most user-visible new or changed
97 features in &os; since &release.prev;. In general, changes
98 described here are unique to the &release.branch; branch unless
99 specifically marked as &merged; features.</para>
101 <para>Typical release note items document recent security
102 advisories issued after &release.prev;, new drivers or hardware
103 support, new commands or options, major bug fixes, or
104 contributed software upgrades. They may also list changes to
105 major ports/packages or release engineering practices. Clearly
106 the release notes cannot list every single change made to &os;
107 between releases; this document focuses primarily on security
108 advisories, user-visible changes, and major architectural
112 <sect1 xml:id="upgrade">
113 <title>Upgrading from Previous Releases of &os;</title>
115 <para arch="amd64,i386">Binary upgrades between RELEASE versions
116 (and snapshots of the various security branches) are supported
117 using the &man.freebsd-update.8; utility. The binary upgrade
118 procedure will update unmodified userland utilities, as well as
119 unmodified GENERIC kernels distributed as a part of an official
120 &os; release. The &man.freebsd-update.8; utility requires that
121 the host being upgraded have Internet connectivity.</para>
123 <para>Source-based upgrades (those based on recompiling the &os;
124 base system from source code) from previous versions are
125 supported, according to the instructions in
126 <filename>/usr/src/UPDATING</filename>.</para>
129 <para>Upgrading &os; should only be attempted after backing up
130 <emphasis>all</emphasis> data and configuration files.</para>
134 <sect1 xml:id="security-errata">
135 <title>Security and Errata</title>
137 <para>This section lists the various Security Advisories and
138 Errata Notices since &release.prev;.</para>
140 <sect2 xml:id="security">
141 <title>Security Advisories</title>
146 <sect2 xml:id="errata">
147 <title>Errata Notices</title>
153 <sect1 xml:id="userland">
154 <title>Userland</title>
156 <para>This section covers changes and additions to userland
157 applications, contributed software, and system utilities.</para>
159 <sect2 xml:id="userland-config">
160 <title>Userland Configuration Changes</title>
162 <para revision="266463">The default &man.newsyslog.conf.5; now
163 includes files in the
164 <filename>/etc/newsyslog.conf.d/</filename> and
165 <filename>/usr/local/etc/newsyslog.conf.d/</filename>
166 directories by default for &man.newsyslog.8;.</para>
168 <para revision="270675">The &man.mailwrapper.8; utility has been
169 updated to use &man.mailer.conf.5; from the
170 <literal>LOCALBASE</literal> environment variable, which
171 defaults to <filename class="directory">/usr/local</filename>
174 <para revision="272350">The <literal>MK_ARM_EABI</literal>
175 &man.src.conf.5; option has been removed.</para>
178 <sect2 xml:id="userland-programs">
179 <title>Userland Application Changes</title>
181 <para revision="258838" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ff;,
182 &google;" sponsorurl="">The &man.casperd.8; daemon has been
183 added, which provides access to functionality that is not
184 available in the <quote>capability mode</quote>
187 <para revision="260594">When unable to load a kernel module with
188 &man.kldload.8;, a message informing to view output of
189 &man.dmesg.8; is now printed, opposed to the previous output
190 <quote>Exec format error.</quote>.</para>
192 <para revision="260910">Allow &man.pciconf.8; to identify PCI
193 devices that are attached to a driver to be identified by
194 their device name instead of just the selector. Additionally,
195 an optional device argument to the <literal>-l</literal> flag
196 to restrict the output to only listing details about a single
199 <para revision="260913">A new flag, <quote>onifconsole</quote>
200 has been added to <filename>/etc/ttys</filename>. This allows
201 the system to provide a login prompt via serial console if the
202 device is an active kernel console, otherwise it is equivalent
203 to <literal>off</literal>.</para>
205 <para revision="260926">Support for displaying VPD for PCI
206 devices via &man.pciconf.8; has been added.</para>
208 <para revision="261498">&man.ping.8; protects against malicious
209 network packets using the Capsicum framework to drop
212 <para revision="265229">The &man.ps.1; utility has been
213 updated to include the <literal>-J</literal> flag, used to
214 filter output by matching &man.jail.8; IDs and names.
215 Additionally, argument <literal>0</literal> can be used to
216 <literal>-J</literal> to only list processes running on the
219 <para revision="265249">The &man.top.1; utility has been updated
220 to filter by &man.jail.8; ID or name, in followup to the
221 &man.ps.1; change in <literal>r265229</literal>.</para>
223 <para revision="265995">The Blowfish &man.crypt.3; default
224 format has been changed to
225 <literal>$2b$</literal>.</para>
227 <para revision="266209">The &man.pmcstat.8; utility has been
228 updated to include a new flag, <literal>-l</literal>, which
229 ends event collection after the specified number of
232 <para revision="270745">The &man.ps.1; utility has been updated
233 to include a new keyword, <quote>tracer</quote>, which
234 displays the <acronym>PID</acronym> of the tracing
237 <para revision="271482">Support for adding empty partitions has
238 been added to the &man.mkimg.1; utility.</para>
240 <para revision="272166">The &man.primes.6; utility has been
241 updated to correctly enumerate prime numbers between
242 <literal>4295098369</literal> and
243 <literal>3825123056546413050</literal>, which prior to this
244 change, it would be possible for returned values to be
245 incorrectly identified as prime numbers.</para>
247 <para revision="272198">The &man.mkimg.1; utility has been
248 updated to include three options used to print information
249 about &man.mkimg.1; itself:</para>
251 <informaltable frame="none" pgwide="0">
253 <colspec colwidth="1*"/>
254 <colspec colwidth="1*"/>
257 <entry>Option</entry>
258 <entry>Output</entry>
264 <entry><literal>--version</literal></entry>
265 <entry>The current version of the &man.mkimg.1;
270 <entry><literal>--formats</literal></entry>
271 <entry>The disk image file formats supported by
272 &man.mkimg.1;</entry>
276 <entry><literal>--schemes</literal></entry>
277 <entry>The partition schemes supported by
278 &man.mkimg.1;</entry>
284 <para revision="272488">Userland &man.ctf.5; support in
285 &man.dtrace.1; has been added. With this change,
286 &man.dtrace.1; is able to resolve type info for function and
287 <acronym>USDT</acronym> probe arguments, and function return
290 <para revision="274960">The &man.elfdump.1; utility has been
291 updated to support capability mode provided by
292 &man.capsicum.4;.</para>
294 <para revision="275680" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ff;">The
295 &man.fstyp.8; utility has been added, which is used to
296 determine the filesystem on a specified device.</para>
298 <para revision="276881">The <literal>libedit</literal> library
299 has been updated to support <acronym>UTF</acronym>-8, which
300 additionally provides unicode support to &man.sh.1;.</para>
302 <para revision="277166" arch="powerpc">The &man.ptrace.2; system
303 call has been updated include support for Altivec registers on
304 &os;/&arch.powerpc;.</para>
306 <para revision="278320">A new device control utility,
307 &man.devctl.8; has been added, which allows making
308 administrative changes to individual devices, such as
309 attaching and detaching drivers, and enabling and disabling
310 devices. The &man.devctl.8; utility uses the new
311 &man.devctl.3; library.</para>
313 <para revision="279315" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ff;">The
314 &man.uefisign.8; utility has been added.</para>
316 <para revision="279571" contrib="sponsor"
317 sponsor="&scaleengine;">The &man.freebsd-update.8; utility has
318 been updated to prevent fetching updated binary patches when
319 a previous upgrade has not been thoroughly completed.</para>
321 <para revision="279122" contrib="sponsor"
322 sponsor="&juniper;">The &man.netstat.1; utility has been
323 updated to link against the &man.libxo.3; shared
326 <para revision="280870">A regression in the &man.libarchive.3;
327 library that would prevent a directory from being included in
328 the archive when <literal>--one-file-system</literal> is used
329 has been fixed.</para>
331 <para revision="281311" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ff;">The
332 &man.ar.1; utility has been updated to set
333 <literal>ARCHIVE_EXTRACT_SECURE_SYMLINKS</literal> and
334 <literal>ARCHIVE_EXTRACT_SECURE_NODOTDOT</literal> to disallow
335 directory traversal when extracting an archive, similar to
338 <para revision="282208" contrib="sponsor"
339 sponsor="&multiplay;">The &man.chflags.1;, &man.chgrp.1;,
340 &man.chmod.1;, and &man.chown.8; utilities now affect symbolic
341 links when the <literal>-R</literal> flag is specified, as
342 documented in &man.symlink.7;.</para>
345 <sect2 xml:id="userland-contrib">
346 <title>Contributed Software</title>
348 <para revision="258884" contrib="sponsor"
349 sponsor="&darpa_afrl;">&man.lldb.1; has been updated to
350 upstream snapshot version r196259.</para>
352 <para revision="259626">Timezone data files have been updated to
353 version 2013i.</para>
355 <para revision="260445">&man.byacc.1; has been updated to
356 version 20140101.</para>
358 <para revision="261071">&man.jemalloc.3; has been updated to
359 version 3.5.0.</para>
361 <para revision="261283"><application>libc++</application> has
362 been updated to version 3.4.</para>
364 <para revision="261320"><application>OpenSSH</application> has
365 been updated to 6.5p1.</para>
367 <para revision="261344"><application>mdocml</application> has
368 been updated to version 1.12.3.</para>
370 <para revision="261991"><application>LLVM</application> and
371 <application>Clang</application> have been updated to
374 <para revision="266527"
375 role="merged"><application>Sendmail</application> has been
376 updated from 8.14.7 to 8.14.9.</para>
378 <para revision="276577"><application>file</application> has been
379 updated to version 5.22.</para>
381 <para revision="275718">The <application>binutils</application>
382 suite of utilities has been updated to include upstream
383 patches that add new relocations for &arch.powerpc;
386 <para revision="276398" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ff;">The
387 <application>ELF Tool Chain</application> has been updated to
388 upstream revision r3136.</para>
390 <para revision="276551">The <application>texinfo</application>
391 utility and <literal>info</literal> pages were removed from
392 the base system. The <filename
393 role="package">print/texinfo</filename> port should be
394 installed on systems where <literal>info</literal> pages are
397 <para revision="276796" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ff;">The ELF
398 object manipulation tools
399 <application>addr2line</application>,
400 <application>elfcopy (strip)</application>,
401 <application>nm</application>,
402 <application>readelf</application>,
403 <application>size</application>, and
404 <application>strings</application> were switched to the
405 versions from the ELF Tool Chain project.</para>
407 <para revision="276881">The <literal>libedit</literal> library
408 has been updated to include <acronym>UTF-8</acronym> support,
409 adding <acronym>UTF-8</acronym> support to the &man.sh.1;
412 <para revision="278433">The &man.xz.1; utility has been updated
413 to support multi-threaded compression.</para>
415 <para revision="280297"><application>OpenSSL</application> has
416 been updated to version 1.0.1m.</para>
418 <para revision="280932" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ff;">The
419 <application>elftoolchain</application> utilities have been
420 updated to version 3179.</para>
422 <para revision="281316">The &man.xz.1; utility has been updated
423 to version 5.2.1.</para>
425 <para revision="281373">The &man.nvi.1; utility has been updated
426 to version 2.1.3.</para>
428 <para revision="281396">The &man.acpi.4; subsystem has been
429 updated to version 20150410.</para>
431 <para revision="281806">The &man.wpa.supplicant.8; and
432 &man.hostapd.8; utilities have been updated to version
435 <para revision="281812"><application>bmake</application> has
436 been updated to version 20150418.</para>
438 <para revision="282089">The &man.unbound.8; utility has been
439 updated to version 1.5.3.</para>
441 <para revision="282434" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ff;">The
442 &man.resolvconf.8; utility has been updated to version
446 <sect2 xml:id="userland-installer">
447 <title>Installation and Configuration Tools</title>
449 <para revision="271539">The &man.bsdinstall.8; partition editor
450 and &man.sade.8; utility have been updated to include native
451 <acronym>ZFS</acronym> support.</para>
453 <para revision="272274">The &os; installation utility,
454 &man.bsdinstall.8;, has been updated to set the
455 <literal>canmount</literal> &man.zfs.8; property to
456 <literal>off</literal> for the <filename
457 class="directory">/var</filename> dataset, preventing the
458 contents of directories within <filename
459 class="directory">/var</filename> from conflicting when
460 using multiple boot environments, such as that provided by
461 <filename role="package">sysutils/beadm</filename>.</para>
463 <para revision="274394">The &man.bsdconfig.8; utility has been
464 updated to skip the initial &man.tzsetup.8;
465 <acronym>UTC</acronym> versus wall-clock time prompt when run
466 in a virtual machine, determined when the
467 <literal>kern.vm_guest</literal> &man.sysctl.8; is set to
468 <literal>1</literal>.</para>
470 <para revision="275874">The &man.bsdinstall.8; utility has been
471 updated to use the new &man.dpv.3; library to display progress
472 when extracting the &os; distributions.</para>
475 <sect2 xml:id="userland-rc">
476 <title><filename class="directory">/etc/rc.d</filename>
479 <para revision="270676">The &man.rc.8; subsystem has been
480 updated to allow configuring services in <filename
481 class="directory">${LOCALBASE}/etc/rc.conf.d/</filename>.
482 If <literal>LOCALBASE</literal> is unset, it defaults to
483 <filename class="directory">/usr/local</filename>.</para>
485 <para revision="275299">The <filename>mrouted</filename>
486 &man.rc.8; script has been removed from the base system. An
487 equivalent script is available from the <filename
488 role="package">net/mrouted</filename> port.</para>
490 <para revision="279463" contrib="sponsor"
491 sponsor="&sandvine;">A new &man.rc.8; script,
492 <filename>iovctl</filename>, has been added, which allows
493 automatically starting the &man.iovctl.8; utility at
497 <sect2 xml:id="userland-periodic">
498 <title><filename class="directory">/etc/periodic</filename>
501 <para revision="271321">The daily &man.periodic.8; script
502 <filename>110.clean-tmps</filename> has been updated to avoid
503 crossing filesystem mount boundaries when cleaning files in
504 <filename class="directory">/tmp</filename>.</para>
507 <sect2 xml:id="userland-libraries">
508 <title>Runtime Libraries and API</title>
510 <para revision="268461">The &man.readline.3; library is now
511 statically linked in software within the base system, and the
512 shared library is no longer installed, allowing the Ports
513 Collection to use a modern version of the library.</para>
515 <para revision="272273">The &man.strptime.3; library has been
516 updated to add support for <acronym>POSIX</acronym>-2001
517 features <literal>%U</literal> and
518 <literal>%W</literal>.</para>
520 <para revision="272842,272848" contrib="sponsor"
521 sponsor="&ff;">The &man.dl.iterate.phdr.3; library has been
522 changed to always return the path name of the
523 <acronym>ELF</acronym> object in the
524 <literal>dlpi_name</literal> structure member.</para>
526 <para revision="273562" contrib="sponsor"
527 sponsor="&juniper;">The &man.libxo.3; library has been
528 imported to the base system.</para>
530 <para revision="273806" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&chelsio;">A
531 userland library for Chelsio Terminator 5 based iWARP cards
532 has been added, allowing userland <acronym>RDMA</acronym>
533 applications to work over compatible
534 <acronym>NIC</acronym>s.</para>
536 <para revision="274987">The &man.gpio.3; library has been added,
537 providing a wrapper around the &man.gpio.4; kernel
540 <para revision="277610">The <literal>futimens()</literal> and
541 <literal>utimensat()</literal> system calls have been
542 added. See &man.utimensat.2; for more information.</para>
544 <para revision="278934">The &man.elf.3; compile-time dependency
545 has been removed from <filename>dtri.o</filename>, which
546 allows adding <application>DTrace</application> probes to
547 userland applications and libraries without also linking
548 against &man.elf.3;.</para>
550 <para revision="279186">The &man.setmode.3; function has been
551 updated to consistently set <literal>errno</literal> on
554 <para revision="279663">The &man.qsort.3; functions have been
555 updated to be able to handle 32-bit aligned data on 64-bit
556 platforms, also providing a significant improvement in 32-bit
559 <para revision="281130">Several standard include headers have
560 been updated to use of <application>gcc</application>
561 attributes, such as <literal>__result_use_check()</literal>,
562 <literal>__alloc_size()</literal>, and
563 <literal>__nonnull()</literal>.</para>
565 <para revision="281845">Support for file verification in
566 <acronym>MAC</acronym> has been added.</para>
569 <sect2 xml:id="userland-abi">
570 <title>ABI Compatibility</title>
572 <para revision="271982">The &linux; compatibility version has
573 been updated to <literal>2.6.18</literal>. The
574 <literal>compat.linux.osrelease</literal> &man.sysctl.8; is
575 evaluated when building the <filename
576 role="package">emulators/linux-c6</filename> and related
581 <sect1 xml:id="kernel">
582 <title>Kernel</title>
584 <para>This section covers changes to kernel configurations, system
585 tuning, and system control parameters that are not otherwise
588 <sect2 xml:id="kernel-bugfix">
589 <title>Kernel Bug Fixes</title>
591 <para revision="265876">A kernel bug that inhibited proper
592 functionality of the <literal>dev.cpu.0.freq</literal>
593 &man.sysctl.8; on &intel; processors with Turbo
594 Boost ™ enabled has been fixed.</para>
596 <para revision="271697" arch="powerpc">Support for
597 &man.dtrace.1; stack tracing has been fixed for
598 &os;/&arch.powerpc;, using the <literal>trapexit()</literal>
599 and <literal>asttrapexit()</literal> functions instead of
600 checking within addressed kernel space.</para>
602 <para revision="272089">A bug in &man.ipfw.4; that could
603 potentially lead to a kernel panic when using &man.dummynet.4;
604 at layer 2 has been fixed.</para>
606 <para revision="280930" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&mitail;">The
607 kernel <acronym>RPC</acronym> has been updated to include
608 several enhancements:</para>
612 <para>The 45 MiB limit on requests queued for
613 &man.nfsd.8; threads has been removed.</para>
617 <para>Avoids unnecessary throttling by not deferring
618 accounting for completed requests.</para>
622 <para>Fixes an integer overflow and signedness bugs.</para>
626 <para revision="281261" arch="powerpc">Support for
627 &man.dtrace.1; has been added for the
628 Book-E ™.</para>
631 <sect2 xml:id="kernel-config">
632 <title>Kernel Configuration</title>
634 <para revision="266531">The <literal>IMAGACT_BINMISC</literal>
635 kernel configuration option has been enabled by default,
636 which enables application execution through emulators, such
637 as <application>Qemu</application>.</para>
639 <para revision="268045">The <literal>VT</literal> kernel
640 configuration file has been removed, and the &man.vt.4;
641 driver is included in the <literal>GENERIC</literal> kernel.
642 To enable &man.vt.4;, enter <literal>set kern.vty=vt</literal>
643 at the &man.loader.8; prompt during boot, or add
644 <literal>kern.vty=vt</literal> to &man.loader.conf.5; and
645 reboot the system.</para>
647 <para revision="277904">The &man.config.8; utility has been
648 updated to allow using a non-standard <filename
649 class="directory">src/</filename> tree, specified as an
650 argument to the <literal>-s</literal> flag.</para>
652 <para revision="277990" arch="powerpc64">The
653 &os;/&arch.powerpc64; kernel now builds as
654 a position-independent executable, allowing the kernel to be
655 loaded into and run from any physical or virtual
659 <para>This change requires an update to &man.loader.8;.
660 The userland and kernel must be updated before rebooting the
664 <para revision="279189" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ff;"
665 arch="powerpc">Kernel support for Vector-Scalar eXtension
666 (<acronym>VSX</acronym>) found on POWER7 and POWER8 hardware
667 has been added.</para>
669 <para revision="279252" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ff;"
670 arch="powerpc">The &man.pmap.9; implementation for 64-bit
671 &powerpc; processors has been overhaulded to improve
675 <sect2 xml:id="kernel-sysctl">
676 <title>System Tuning and Controls</title>
678 <para revision="275140" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ff;">The
679 &man.hwpmc.4; default and maximum callchain depths have been
680 increased. The default has been increased from 16 to 32, and
681 the maximum increased from 32 to 128.</para>
683 <para revision="279361">The <literal>kern.osrelease</literal>
684 and <literal>kern.osreldate</literal> are now configurable
685 &man.jail.8; parameters.</para>
687 <para revision="280308,280949" contrib="sponsor"
688 sponsor="&ix;, &ff;">The &man.devfs.5; device filesystem has
689 been changed to update timestamps for read/write operations
690 using seconds precision. A new &man.sysctl.8;,
691 <literal>vfs.devfs.dotimes</literal> has been added, which
692 when set to a non-zero value, enables default precision
693 timestamps for these operations.</para>
695 <para revision="282213" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ff;">A new
696 &man.sysctl.8;, <literal>kern.racct.enable</literal>, has been
697 added, which when set to a non-zero value allows using
698 &man.rctl.8; with the <literal>GENERIC</literal> kernel. A new
699 kernel configuration option, <literal>RACCT_DISABLED</literal>
700 has also been added.</para>
704 <sect1 xml:id="drivers">
705 <title>Devices and Drivers</title>
707 <para>This section covers changes and additions to devices and
708 device drivers since &release.prev;.</para>
710 <sect2 xml:id="drivers-device">
711 <title>Device Drivers</title>
713 <para revision="260903">Support for GPS ports has been added to
716 <para revision="265132">The &man.full.4; device has been added,
717 and the <literal>lindev(4)</literal> device has been removed.
718 Prior to this change, <literal>lindev(4)</literal> provided
719 only the <filename>/dev/full</filename> character device,
720 returning <literal>ENOSPC</literal> on write attempts. As
721 this device is not specific to &linux;, a native &os; version
722 has been added.</para>
724 <para revision="271705">Hardware context support has been
725 added to the <literal>drm/i915</literal> driver, adding
726 support for <application>Mesa</application> 9.2 and
729 <para revision="273178">The &man.vt.4; driver has been updated,
730 replacing the bitmapped <literal>kern.vt.spclkeys</literal>
731 &man.sysctl.8; with individual
732 <literal>kern.vt.kbd_*</literal> variants.</para>
734 <para revision="273598">The &man.hpet.4; driver has been updated
736 <filename>/dev/hpet<replaceable>N</replaceable></filename>
737 device, providing access to <acronym>HPET</acronym> from
740 <para revision="280183">The <literal>drm</literal> code has
741 been updated to match &linux; version 3.8.13.</para>
744 <sect2 xml:id="drivers-storage">
745 <title>Storage Drivers</title>
747 <para revision="265236" contrib="sponsor"
748 sponsor="&lsi;, &spectralogic;" sponsorurl="">The &man.mpr.4;
749 device has been added, providing support for LSI Fusion-MPT
750 3 12Gb SCSI/SATA controllers.</para>
752 <para revision="265555" contrib="sponsor"
753 sponsor="&lsi;">The &man.mrsas.4; driver has been added,
754 providing support for LSI MegaRAID SAS controllers. The
755 &man.mfi.4; driver will attach to the controller, by default.
756 To enable &man.mrsas.4; add
757 <literal>hw.mfi.mrsas_enable=1</literal> to
758 <filename>/boot/loader.conf</filename>, which turns off
759 &man.mfi.4; device probing.</para>
762 <para>At this time, the &man.mfiutil.8; utility and the &os;
763 version of <application>MegaCLI</application> and
764 <application>StorCli</application> do not work with
765 &man.mrsas.4;.</para>
768 <para revision="275461" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ix;">The
769 &man.ctl.4; subsystem has been updated, increasing the ports
770 limit from <literal>128</literal> to <literal>256</literal>,
771 and <acronym>LUN</acronym> limit from <literal>256</literal>
772 to <literal>1024</literal>.</para>
774 <para revision="276526">The <literal>asr(4)</literal> driver has
775 been removed, and is no longer supported.</para>
777 <para revision="281387">The &man.hptnr.4; driver has been
778 updated to version 1.1.1.</para>
781 <sect2 xml:id="drivers-network">
782 <title>Network Drivers</title>
784 <para revision="258830">Support for Broadcom chipsets BCM57764,
785 BCM57767, BCM57782, BCM57786 and BCM57787 has been added to
788 <para revision="260448">Support for the &intel; Centrino™
789 Wireless-N 135 chipset has been added.</para>
791 <para revision="260552">Firmware for &intel; Centrino™
792 Wireless-N 105 devices has been added to the base
795 <para revision="261975">The deprecated nve(4) driver has been
796 removed. Users of NVIDIA nForce MCP network adapters are
797 advised to use the &man.nfe.4; driver instead, which has been
798 the default driver for this hardware since
799 &os; 7.0.</para>
801 <para revision="264601" contrib="sponsor"
802 sponsor="&darpa_afrl;">The <literal>if_nf10bmac(4)</literal>
803 device has been added, providing support for NetFPGA-10G
804 Embedded CPU Ethernet Core.</para>
807 <para>The <literal>if_nf10bmac(4)</literal> driver operates on
808 the FPGA, and is not suited for the PCI host
812 <para revision="265348" contrib="sponsor"
813 sponsor="&netgate;">The &man.ath.hal.4; driver has been
814 updated to support the Atheros AR1111 chipset.</para>
816 <para revision="266770">Support for the &intel; Centrino™
817 Wireless-N 105 chipset has been added.</para>
819 <para revision="266757" contrib="sponsor"
820 sponsor="&chelsio;">Support for the &man.cxgbe.4; Terminator
821 5 (T5) 10G/40G cards has been added to &man.netmap.4;.</para>
823 <para revision="272730">The &man.alc.4; driver has been updated
824 to support AR816x and AR817x ethernet controllers.</para>
826 <para revision="273331">The &man.vxlan.4; driver has been added,
827 which creates a virtual Layer 2 (Ethernet) network overlaid in
828 a Layer 3 (IP/UDP) network. The &man.vxlan.4; driver is
829 analogous to &man.vlan.4;, but is designed to be better suited
830 for large, multiple-tenant datacenter environments.</para>
832 <para revision="274246" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&yandex;">The
833 &man.gre.4; driver has been significantly overhauled, and has
834 been split into two separate modules, &man.gre.4; and
839 <sect1 xml:id="hardware">
840 <title>Hardware Support</title>
842 <para>This section covers general hardware support for physical
843 machines, hypervisors, and virtualization environments, as well
844 as hardware changes and updates that do not otherwise fit in
845 other sections of this document.</para>
847 <sect2 xml:id="hardware-support">
848 <title>Hardware Support</title>
850 <para revision="268303">The &man.asmc.4; driver has been
851 updated to support the &apple; MacMini 3,1.</para>
853 <para revision="268351">Support for &os;/ia64 has been dropped
854 as of &os; 11.</para>
856 <para revision="274386">An issue that could cause a system to
857 hang when entering <acronym>ACPI</acronym>
858 <literal>S3</literal> state (suspend to
859 <acronym>RAM</acronym>) has been corrected in the &man.acpi.4;
860 and &man.pci.4; drivers.</para>
862 <para revision="274733" arch="powerpc">The power management unit
863 subsystem has been updated to support power button events on
864 certain &arch.powerpc; hardware, such as aluminum
865 PowerBook ®.</para>
867 <para revision="275171,275190" arch="powerpc">The &man.hwpmc.4;
868 driver has been updated to correct performance counter
869 sampling on G4 (MPC74xxx) and G5 class processors.</para>
871 <para revision="281713" arch="powerpc">The &man.hwpmc.4;
872 driver has been updated to support the Freescale e500
875 <para revision="275732" contrib="sponsor"
876 sponsor="&ff;,&netgate;">The
877 <application>OpenCrypto</application> framework has been
878 updated to include <literal>AES-ICM</literal> and
879 <literal>AES-GCM</literal> modes, both of which have also been
880 added to the &man.aesni.4; driver.</para>
883 <sect2 xml:id="hardware-virtualization">
884 <title>Virtualization Support</title>
886 <para revision="260410">Support for the <quote>Virtual Interrupt
887 Delivery</quote> feature of &intel; VT-x is enabled if
888 supported by the CPU. This feature can be disabled by running
889 <literal>sysctl hw.vmm.vmx.use_apic_vid=0</literal>.
890 Additionally, to persist this setting across reboots, add
891 <literal>hw.vmm.vmx.use_apic_vid=0</literal> to
892 <filename>/etc/sysctl.conf</filename>.</para>
894 <para revision="260532">Support for <quote>Posted Interrupt
895 Processing</quote> is enabled if supported by the CPU. This
896 feature can be disabled by running <literal>sysctl
897 hw.vmm.vmx.use_apic_pir=0</literal>. Additionally, to
898 persist this setting across reboots, add
899 <literal>hw.vmm.vmx.use_apic_pir=0</literal> to
900 <filename>/etc/sysctl.conf</filename>.</para>
902 <para revision="260582">Unmapped IO support has been added to
903 &man.virtio_blk.4;.</para>
905 <para revision="260583">Unmapped IO support has been added to
906 &man.virtio_scsi.4;.</para>
908 <para revision="260847">The &man.virtio_random.4; driver has
909 been added to harvest entropy from the host system.</para>
911 <para revision="261504">&os;/&arch.i386; guests can be run under
914 <para revision="267536" contrib="sponsor"
915 sponsor="&citrix.rd;">Support for running a &os;/&arch.amd64;
916 <application>Xen</application> guest instance as
917 <acronym>PVH</acronym> guest has been added.
918 <acronym>PVH</acronym> mode, short for <quote>Para-Virtualized
919 Hardware</quote>, uses para-virtualized drivers for boot and
920 I/O, and uses hardware virtualization extensions for all other
921 tasks, without the need for emulation.</para>
923 <para revision="273515">The &man.virtio.console.4; driver has
924 been added, which provides an interface to VirtIO console
925 devices through a &man.tty.4; device.</para>
927 <para revision="279957">The &man.bhyve.8; hypervisor has been
928 updated to support <literal>DSM TRIM</literal> commands for
929 virtual <acronym>AHCI</acronym> disks.</para>
931 <para revision="281439" arch="arm">Support for the
932 <application>QEMU</application> <literal>virt</literal> system
933 has been added.</para>
935 <para revision="282212" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&msostc;">The
936 HyperV™ drivers have been updated with several
941 <para>The &man.hv.vmbus.4; driver now has multi-channel
946 <para>The &man.hv.storvsc.4; driver now has scatter/gather
947 support, in addition to performance improvements.</para>
951 <para>The &man.hv.kvp.4; driver has received several bug
956 <para revision="282274">Support for &man.xen.4; para-virtualized
957 <literal>domU</literal> kernels has been removed.</para>
960 <sect2 xml:id="hardware-arm">
961 <title>ARM Support</title>
963 <para revision="260921">The &man.nand.4; device is enabled for
964 ARM devices by default.</para>
966 <para revision="273264" arch="armv6">An issue that could cause
967 instability when detecting <acronym>SD</acronym> cards on the
968 Raspberry Pi <acronym>SOC</acronym> has been fixed.</para>
970 <para revision="275963">The <literal>bcm2835_cpufreq</literal>
971 driver has been added, which supports <acronym>CPU</acronym>
972 frequency and voltage control on the Raspberry Pi
973 <acronym>SOC</acronym>.</para>
975 <para revision="280259" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ff;">Initial
976 support for the ARM AArch64 architecture has been
981 <sect1 xml:id="storage">
982 <title>Storage</title>
984 <para>This section covers changes and additions to file systems
985 and other storage subsystems, both local and networked.</para>
987 <sect2 xml:id="storage-general">
988 <title>General Storage</title>
990 <para revision="278037" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ix;">The
991 &man.ctl.4; <acronym>LUN</acronym> mapping has been rewritten,
992 replacing <acronym>iSCSI</acronym>-specific mapping mechanisms
993 with a new mechanism that works for any port.</para>
995 <para revision="278354" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ix;">The
996 &man.ctld.8; utility has been updated to allow controlling
997 non-<acronym>iSCSI</acronym> &man.ctl.4; ports.</para>
1000 <sect2 xml:id="storage-net">
1001 <title>Networked Storage</title>
1003 <para revision="270096" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ff;">The new
1004 filesystem automount facility, &man.autofs.5;, has been added.
1005 The new &man.autofs.5; facility is similar to that found in
1006 other &unix;-like operating systems, such as OS X™
1007 and Solaris™. The &man.autofs.5; facility uses
1008 a &sun;-compatible &man.auto.master.5; configuration file, and
1009 is administered with the &man.automount.8; userland utility,
1010 and the &man.automountd.8; and &man.autounmountd.8;
1014 <sect2 xml:id="storage-zfs">
1017 <para revision="275748">The <literal>arc_meta_limit</literal>
1018 statistics are now visible through the
1019 <literal>kstat</literal> &man.sysctl.8;. As a result of this
1020 change, the <literal>vfs.zfs.arc_meta_used</literal>
1021 &man.sysctl.8; has been removed, and replaced with the
1022 <literal>kstat.zfs.misc.arcstats.arc_meta_used</literal>
1023 &man.sysctl.8;.</para>
1026 <sect2 xml:id="storage-geom">
1027 <title>&man.geom.4;</title>
1029 <para revision="267359">Support for the
1030 <literal>disklabel64</literal> partitioning scheme has been
1031 added to &man.gpart.8;.</para>
1035 <sect1 xml:id="boot">
1036 <title>Boot Loader Changes</title>
1038 <para>This section covers the boot loader, boot menu, and other
1039 boot-related changes.</para>
1041 <sect2 xml:id="boot-loader">
1042 <title>Boot Loader Changes</title>
1044 <para revision="274085">The &man.vt.4; driver has been made the
1045 default system console driver. The &man.syscons.4; driver is
1046 still available, and can be enabled by adding
1047 <literal>kern.vty=sc</literal> in &man.loader.conf.5;.
1048 Alternatively, &man.syscons.4; can be enabled at boot time by
1049 entering <literal>set kern.vty=sc</literal> at the
1050 &man.loader.8; prompt.</para>
1052 <para revision="281616">The boot loader has been updated to
1053 support entering the <acronym>GELI</acronym> passphrase before
1054 loading the kernel. To enable this behavior, add
1055 <literal>geom_eli_passphrase_prompt="YES"</literal> to
1056 &man.loader.conf.5;.</para>
1059 <sect2 xml:id="boot-menu">
1060 <title>Boot Menu Changes</title>
1066 <sect1 xml:id="network">
1067 <title>Networking</title>
1069 <para>This section describes changes that affect networking in
1072 <sect2 xml:id="network-protocols">
1073 <title>Network Procols</title>
1075 <para revision="263140">Support for the IPX network transport
1076 protocol has been removed, and will not be supported in
1077 &os; 11 and later releases.</para>
1079 <para revision="272720" contrib="sponsor"
1080 sponsor="&limelight;">Support for <acronym>PLPMTUD</acronym>
1081 blackhole detection (<acronym>RFC</acronym> 4821) has been
1082 added to the &man.tcp.4; stack, disabled by default. New
1083 control tunables have been added:</para>
1085 <informaltable frame="none" pgwide="0">
1087 <colspec colwidth="1*"/>
1088 <colspec colwidth="1*"/>
1091 <entry>Tunable</entry>
1092 <entry>Description</entry>
1098 <entry><literal>net.inet.tcp.pmtud_blackhole_detection</literal></entry>
1099 <entry>Enables or disables <acronym>PLPMTUD</acronym>
1100 blackhole detection</entry>
1104 <entry><literal>net.inet.tcp.pmtud_blackhole_mss</literal></entry>
1105 <entry><acronym>MSS</acronym> to try for IPv4</entry>
1109 <entry><literal>net.inet.tcp.v6pmtud_blackhole_mss</literal></entry>
1110 <entry><acronym>MSS to try for IPv6</acronym></entry>
1116 <para>New monitoring &man.sysctl.8;s haven been added:</para>
1118 <informaltable frame="none" pgwide="0">
1120 <colspec colwidth="1*"/>
1121 <colspec colwidth="1*"/>
1124 <entry>Tunable</entry>
1125 <entry>Description</entry>
1131 <entry><literal>net.inet.tcp.pmtud_blackhole_activated</literal></entry>
1132 <entry>Number of times the code was activated to attempt
1133 downshifting the <acronym>MSS</acronym></entry>
1137 <entry><literal>net.inet.tcp.pmtud_blackhole_min_activated</literal></entry>
1138 <entry>Number of times the blackhole
1139 <acronym>MSS</acronym> was used in an attempt to
1144 <entry><literal>net.inet.tcp.pmtud_blackhole_failed</literal></entry>
1145 <entry>Number of times that the blackhole failed to
1146 connect after downshifting the
1147 <acronym>MSS</acronym></entry>
1153 <para revision="280971" contrib="sponsor"
1154 sponsor="&netflix;, &nginx;">Support for <acronym>IP</acronym>
1155 identification for atomic datagrams (<acronym>RFC</acronym>
1156 6864) has been added. Support for this feature can be toggled
1157 with the <literal>net.inet.ip.rfc6864</literal>
1158 &man.sysctl.8;, which is enabled by default.</para>
1162 <sect1 xml:id="ports">
1163 <title>Ports Collection and Package Infrastructure</title>
1165 <para>This section covers changes to the &os; Ports
1166 Collection, package infrastructure, and package maintenance and
1167 installation tools.</para>
1169 <sect2 xml:id="ports-infrastructure">
1170 <title>Infrastructure Changes</title>
1175 <sect2 xml:id="ports-packages ">
1176 <title>Packaging Changes</title>
1182 <sect1 xml:id="doc">
1183 <title>Documentation</title>
1185 <para>This section covers changes to the &os; Documentation
1186 Project sources and toolchain.</para>
1188 <sect2 xml:id="doc-sources">
1189 <title>Documentation Source Changes</title>
1194 <sect2 xml:id="doc-toolchain">
1195 <title>Documentation Toolchain Changes</title>
1201 <sect1 xml:id="releng">
1202 <title>Release Engineering and Integration</title>
1204 <para>This section convers changes that are specific to the
1205 &os; Release Engineering processes.</para>
1207 <sect2 xml:id="releng-changes">
1208 <title>Integration Changes</title>
1210 <para revision="277458" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ff;">The
1211 Release Engineering build tools have been updated to include
1212 support for producing virtual machine disk images for various
1213 cloud hosting providers.</para>
1215 <para revision="278926">The Release Engineering build tools have
1216 been updated to use multi-threaded &man.xz.1;. By default,
1217 the number of &man.xz.1; threads is set to the number of cores
1220 <para revision="281802" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ff;">The
1221 Release Engineering build tools have been updated to include
1222 support for building &os;/&arch.arm64; virtual machine and
1223 memory stick installation images.</para>