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4 <!ENTITY % release PUBLIC "-//FreeBSD//ENTITIES Release Specification//EN" "release.ent">
6 <!ENTITY % sponsor PUBLIC "-//FreeBSD//ENTITIES Sponsor Specification//EN" "sponsor.ent">
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11 <!ENTITY errata SYSTEM "../../share/xml/errata.xml">
13 <article xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook"
14 xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" version="5.0">
17 <title>&os; &release.current; Release Notes</title>
20 <orgname>The &os; Project</orgname>
23 <pubdate>$FreeBSD$</pubdate>
25 <!-- Last rev: 282146 -->
29 <holder role="mailto:doc@FreeBSD.org">The &os; Documentation
33 <legalnotice xml:id="trademarks" role="trademarks">
43 <para>The release notes for &os; &release.current; contain
44 a summary of the changes made to the &os; base system on the
45 &release.branch; development line. This document lists
46 applicable security advisories that were issued since the last
47 release, as well as significant changes to the &os; kernel and
48 userland. Some brief remarks on upgrading are also
53 <sect1 xml:id="intro">
54 <title>Introduction</title>
56 <para>This document contains the release notes for &os;
57 &release.current;. It describes recently added, changed, or
58 deleted features of &os;. It also provides some notes on
59 upgrading from previous versions of &os;.</para>
61 <para releasetype="current">The &release.type; distribution to
62 which these release notes apply represents the latest point
63 along the &release.branch; development branch since
64 &release.branch; was created. Information regarding pre-built,
65 binary &release.type; distributions along this branch can be
67 xlink:href="&release.url;">&release.url;</uri>.</para>
69 <para releasetype="snapshot">The &release.type; distribution to
70 which these release notes apply represents a point along the
71 &release.branch; development branch between &release.prev; and
72 the future &release.next;. Information regarding pre-built,
73 binary &release.type; distributions along this branch can be
75 xlink:href="&release.url;">&release.url;</uri>.</para>
77 <para releasetype="release">This distribution of &os;
78 &release.current; is a &release.type; distribution. It can be
79 found at <uri xlink:href="&release.url;">&release.url;</uri> or
80 any of its mirrors. More information on obtaining this (or
81 other) &release.type; distributions of &os; can be found in the
83 xlink:href="&url.books.handbook;/mirrors.html"><quote>Obtaining
84 &os;</quote> appendix</link> to the <link
85 xlink:href="&url.books.handbook;/">&os;
86 Handbook</link>.</para>
88 <para>All users are encouraged to consult the release errata
89 before installing &os;. The errata document is updated with
90 <quote>late-breaking</quote> information discovered late in the
91 release cycle or after the release. Typically, it contains
92 information on known bugs, security advisories, and corrections
93 to documentation. An up-to-date copy of the errata for &os;
94 &release.current; can be found on the &os; Web site.</para>
96 <para>This document describes the most user-visible new or changed
97 features in &os; since &release.prev;. In general, changes
98 described here are unique to the &release.branch; branch unless
99 specifically marked as &merged; features.</para>
101 <para>Typical release note items document recent security
102 advisories issued after &release.prev;, new drivers or hardware
103 support, new commands or options, major bug fixes, or
104 contributed software upgrades. They may also list changes to
105 major ports/packages or release engineering practices. Clearly
106 the release notes cannot list every single change made to &os;
107 between releases; this document focuses primarily on security
108 advisories, user-visible changes, and major architectural
112 <sect1 xml:id="upgrade">
113 <title>Upgrading from Previous Releases of &os;</title>
115 <para arch="amd64,i386">Binary upgrades between RELEASE versions
116 (and snapshots of the various security branches) are supported
117 using the &man.freebsd-update.8; utility. The binary upgrade
118 procedure will update unmodified userland utilities, as well as
119 unmodified GENERIC kernels distributed as a part of an official
120 &os; release. The &man.freebsd-update.8; utility requires that
121 the host being upgraded have Internet connectivity.</para>
123 <para>Source-based upgrades (those based on recompiling the &os;
124 base system from source code) from previous versions are
125 supported, according to the instructions in
126 <filename>/usr/src/UPDATING</filename>.</para>
129 <para>Upgrading &os; should only be attempted after backing up
130 <emphasis>all</emphasis> data and configuration files.</para>
134 <sect1 xml:id="security-errata">
135 <title>Security and Errata</title>
137 <para>This section lists the various Security Advisories and
138 Errata Notices since &release.prev;.</para>
140 <sect2 xml:id="security">
141 <title>Security Advisories</title>
146 <sect2 xml:id="errata">
147 <title>Errata Notices</title>
153 <sect1 xml:id="userland">
154 <title>Userland</title>
156 <para>This section covers changes and additions to userland
157 applications, contributed software, and system utilities.</para>
159 <sect2 xml:id="userland-config">
160 <title>Userland Configuration Changes</title>
162 <para revision="266463">The default &man.newsyslog.conf.5; now
163 includes files in the
164 <filename>/etc/newsyslog.conf.d/</filename> and
165 <filename>/usr/local/etc/newsyslog.conf.d/</filename>
166 directories by default for &man.newsyslog.8;.</para>
168 <para revision="270675">The &man.mailwrapper.8; utility has been
169 updated to use &man.mailer.conf.5; from the
170 <literal>LOCALBASE</literal> environment variable, which
171 defaults to <filename class="directory">/usr/local</filename>
174 <para revision="272350">The <literal>MK_ARM_EABI</literal>
175 &man.src.conf.5; option has been removed.</para>
178 <sect2 xml:id="userland-programs">
179 <title>Userland Application Changes</title>
181 <para revision="258838" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ff;,
182 &google;" sponsorurl="">The &man.casperd.8; daemon has been
183 added, which provides access to functionality that is not
184 available in the <quote>capability mode</quote>
187 <para revision="260594">When unable to load a kernel module with
188 &man.kldload.8;, a message informing to view output of
189 &man.dmesg.8; is now printed, opposed to the previous output
190 <quote>Exec format error.</quote>.</para>
192 <para revision="260910">Allow &man.pciconf.8; to identify PCI
193 devices that are attached to a driver to be identified by
194 their device name instead of just the selector. Additionally,
195 an optional device argument to the <literal>-l</literal> flag
196 to restrict the output to only listing details about a single
199 <para revision="260913">A new flag, <quote>onifconsole</quote>
200 has been added to <filename>/etc/ttys</filename>. This allows
201 the system to provide a login prompt via serial console if the
202 device is an active kernel console, otherwise it is equivalent
203 to <literal>off</literal>.</para>
205 <para revision="260926">Support for displaying VPD for PCI
206 devices via &man.pciconf.8; has been added.</para>
208 <para revision="261498">&man.ping.8; protects against malicious
209 network packets using the Capsicum framework to drop
212 <para revision="265229">The &man.ps.1; utility has been
213 updated to include the <literal>-J</literal> flag, used to
214 filter output by matching &man.jail.8; IDs and names.
215 Additionally, argument <literal>0</literal> can be used to
216 <literal>-J</literal> to only list processes running on the
219 <para revision="265249">The &man.top.1; utility has been updated
220 to filter by &man.jail.8; ID or name, in followup to the
221 &man.ps.1; change in <literal>r265229</literal>.</para>
223 <para revision="265995">The Blowfish &man.crypt.3; default
224 format has been changed to
225 <literal>$2b$</literal>.</para>
227 <para revision="266209">The &man.pmcstat.8; utility has been
228 updated to include a new flag, <literal>-l</literal>, which
229 ends event collection after the specified number of
232 <para revision="270745">The &man.ps.1; utility has been updated
233 to include a new keyword, <quote>tracer</quote>, which
234 displays the <acronym>PID</acronym> of the tracing
237 <para revision="271482">Support for adding empty partitions has
238 been added to the &man.mkimg.1; utility.</para>
240 <para revision="272166">The &man.primes.6; utility has been
241 updated to correctly enumerate prime numbers between
242 <literal>4295098369</literal> and
243 <literal>3825123056546413050</literal>, which prior to this
244 change, it would be possible for returned values to be
245 incorrectly identified as prime numbers.</para>
247 <para revision="272198">The &man.mkimg.1; utility has been
248 updated to include three options used to print information
249 about &man.mkimg.1; itself:</para>
251 <informaltable frame="none" pgwide="0">
253 <colspec colwidth="1*"/>
254 <colspec colwidth="1*"/>
257 <entry>Option</entry>
258 <entry>Output</entry>
264 <entry><literal>--version</literal></entry>
265 <entry>The current version of the &man.mkimg.1;
270 <entry><literal>--formats</literal></entry>
271 <entry>The disk image file formats supported by
272 &man.mkimg.1;</entry>
276 <entry><literal>--schemes</literal></entry>
277 <entry>The partition schemes supported by
278 &man.mkimg.1;</entry>
284 <para revision="272488">Userland &man.ctf.5; support in
285 &man.dtrace.1; has been added. With this change,
286 &man.dtrace.1; is able to resolve type info for function and
287 <acronym>USDT</acronym> probe arguments, and function return
290 <para revision="274960">The &man.elfdump.1; utility has been
291 updated to support capability mode provided by
292 &man.capsicum.4;.</para>
294 <para revision="275680" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ff;">The
295 &man.fstyp.8; utility has been added, which is used to
296 determine the filesystem on a specified device.</para>
298 <para revision="276881">The <literal>libedit</literal> library
299 has been updated to support <acronym>UTF</acronym>-8, which
300 additionally provides unicode support to &man.sh.1;.</para>
302 <para revision="277166" arch="powerpc">The &man.ptrace.2; system
303 call has been updated include support for Altivec registers on
304 &os;/&arch.powerpc;.</para>
306 <para revision="278320">A new device control utility,
307 &man.devctl.8; has been added, which allows making
308 administrative changes to individual devices, such as
309 attaching and detaching drivers, and enabling and disabling
310 devices. The &man.devctl.8; utility uses the new
311 &man.devctl.3; library.</para>
313 <para revision="279315" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ff;">The
314 &man.uefisign.8; utility has been added.</para>
316 <para revision="279571" contrib="sponsor"
317 sponsor="&scaleengine;">The &man.freebsd-update.8; utility has
318 been updated to prevent fetching updated binary patches when
319 a previous upgrade has not been thoroughly completed.</para>
321 <para revision="279122" contrib="sponsor"
322 sponsor="&juniper;">The &man.netstat.1; utility has been
323 updated to link against the &man.libxo.3; shared
326 <para revision="280870">A regression in the &man.libarchive.3;
327 library that would prevent a directory from being included in
328 the archive when <literal>--one-file-system</literal> is used
329 has been fixed.</para>
331 <para revision="281311" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ff;">The
332 &man.ar.1; utility has been updated to set
333 <literal>ARCHIVE_EXTRACT_SECURE_SYMLINKS</literal> and
334 <literal>ARCHIVE_EXTRACT_SECURE_NODOTDOT</literal> to disallow
335 directory traversal when extracting an archive, similar to
338 <para revision="282208" contrib="sponsor"
339 sponsor="&multiplay;">The &man.chflags.1;, &man.chgrp.1;,
340 &man.chmod.1;, and &man.chown.8; utilities now affect symbolic
341 links when the <literal>-R</literal> flag is specified, as
342 documented in &man.symlink.7;.</para>
345 <sect2 xml:id="userland-contrib">
346 <title>Contributed Software</title>
348 <para revision="258884" contrib="sponsor"
349 sponsor="&darpa_afrl;">&man.lldb.1; has been updated to
350 upstream snapshot version r196259.</para>
352 <para revision="259626">Timezone data files have been updated to
353 version 2013i.</para>
355 <para revision="260445">&man.byacc.1; has been updated to
356 version 20140101.</para>
358 <para revision="261071">&man.jemalloc.3; has been updated to
359 version 3.5.0.</para>
361 <para revision="261283"><application>libc++</application> has
362 been updated to version 3.4.</para>
364 <para revision="261320"><application>OpenSSH</application> has
365 been updated to 6.5p1.</para>
367 <para revision="261344"><application>mdocml</application> has
368 been updated to version 1.12.3.</para>
370 <para revision="261991"><application>LLVM</application> and
371 <application>Clang</application> have been updated to
374 <para revision="266527"
375 role="merged"><application>Sendmail</application> has been
376 updated from 8.14.7 to 8.14.9.</para>
378 <para revision="276577"><application>file</application> has been
379 updated to version 5.22.</para>
381 <para revision="275718">The <application>binutils</application>
382 suite of utilities has been updated to include upstream
383 patches that add new relocations for &arch.powerpc;
386 <para revision="276398" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ff;">The
387 <application>ELF Tool Chain</application> has been updated to
388 upstream revision r3136.</para>
390 <para revision="276551">The <application>texinfo</application>
391 utility and <literal>info</literal> pages were removed from
392 the base system. The <filename
393 role="package">print/texinfo</filename> port should be
394 installed on systems where <literal>info</literal> pages are
397 <para revision="276796" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ff;">The ELF
398 object manipulation tools
399 <application>addr2line</application>,
400 <application>elfcopy (strip)</application>,
401 <application>nm</application>,
402 <application>readelf</application>,
403 <application>size</application>, and
404 <application>strings</application> were switched to the
405 versions from the ELF Tool Chain project.</para>
407 <para revision="276881">The <literal>libedit</literal> library
408 has been updated to include <acronym>UTF-8</acronym> support,
409 adding <acronym>UTF-8</acronym> support to the &man.sh.1;
412 <para revision="278433">The &man.xz.1; utility has been updated
413 to support multi-threaded compression.</para>
415 <para revision="280297"><application>OpenSSL</application> has
416 been updated to version 1.0.1m.</para>
418 <para revision="280932" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ff;">The
419 <application>elftoolchain</application> utilities have been
420 updated to version 3179.</para>
422 <para revision="281316">The &man.xz.1; utility has been updated
423 to version 5.2.1.</para>
425 <para revision="281373">The &man.nvi.1; utility has been updated
426 to version 2.1.3.</para>
428 <para revision="281396">The &man.acpi.4; subsystem has been
429 updated to version 20150410.</para>
431 <para revision="281806">The &man.wpa.supplicant.8; and
432 &man.hostapd.8; utilities have been updated to version
435 <para revision="281812"><application>bmake</application> has
436 been updated to version 20150418.</para>
438 <para revision="282089">The &man.unbound.8; utility has been
439 updated to version 1.5.3.</para>
442 <sect2 xml:id="userland-installer">
443 <title>Installation and Configuration Tools</title>
445 <para revision="271539">The &man.bsdinstall.8; partition editor
446 and &man.sade.8; utility have been updated to include native
447 <acronym>ZFS</acronym> support.</para>
449 <para revision="272274">The &os; installation utility,
450 &man.bsdinstall.8;, has been updated to set the
451 <literal>canmount</literal> &man.zfs.8; property to
452 <literal>off</literal> for the <filename
453 class="directory">/var</filename> dataset, preventing the
454 contents of directories within <filename
455 class="directory">/var</filename> from conflicting when
456 using multiple boot environments, such as that provided by
457 <filename role="package">sysutils/beadm</filename>.</para>
459 <para revision="274394">The &man.bsdconfig.8; utility has been
460 updated to skip the initial &man.tzsetup.8;
461 <acronym>UTC</acronym> versus wall-clock time prompt when run
462 in a virtual machine, determined when the
463 <literal>kern.vm_guest</literal> &man.sysctl.8; is set to
464 <literal>1</literal>.</para>
466 <para revision="275874">The &man.bsdinstall.8; utility has been
467 updated to use the new &man.dpv.3; library to display progress
468 when extracting the &os; distributions.</para>
471 <sect2 xml:id="userland-rc">
472 <title><filename class="directory">/etc/rc.d</filename>
475 <para revision="270676">The &man.rc.8; subsystem has been
476 updated to allow configuring services in <filename
477 class="directory">${LOCALBASE}/etc/rc.conf.d/</filename>.
478 If <literal>LOCALBASE</literal> is unset, it defaults to
479 <filename class="directory">/usr/local</filename>.</para>
481 <para revision="275299">The <filename>mrouted</filename>
482 &man.rc.8; script has been removed from the base system. An
483 equivalent script is available from the <filename
484 role="package">net/mrouted</filename> port.</para>
486 <para revision="279463" contrib="sponsor"
487 sponsor="&sandvine;">A new &man.rc.8; script,
488 <filename>iovctl</filename>, has been added, which allows
489 automatically starting the &man.iovctl.8; utility at
493 <sect2 xml:id="userland-periodic">
494 <title><filename class="directory">/etc/periodic</filename>
497 <para revision="271321">The daily &man.periodic.8; script
498 <filename>110.clean-tmps</filename> has been updated to avoid
499 crossing filesystem mount boundaries when cleaning files in
500 <filename class="directory">/tmp</filename>.</para>
503 <sect2 xml:id="userland-libraries">
504 <title>Runtime Libraries and API</title>
506 <para revision="268461">The &man.readline.3; library is now
507 statically linked in software within the base system, and the
508 shared library is no longer installed, allowing the Ports
509 Collection to use a modern version of the library.</para>
511 <para revision="272273">The &man.strptime.3; library has been
512 updated to add support for <acronym>POSIX</acronym>-2001
513 features <literal>%U</literal> and
514 <literal>%W</literal>.</para>
516 <para revision="272842,272848" contrib="sponsor"
517 sponsor="&ff;">The &man.dl.iterate.phdr.3; library has been
518 changed to always return the path name of the
519 <acronym>ELF</acronym> object in the
520 <literal>dlpi_name</literal> structure member.</para>
522 <para revision="273562" contrib="sponsor"
523 sponsor="&juniper;">The &man.libxo.3; library has been
524 imported to the base system.</para>
526 <para revision="273806" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&chelsio;">A
527 userland library for Chelsio Terminator 5 based iWARP cards
528 has been added, allowing userland <acronym>RDMA</acronym>
529 applications to work over compatible
530 <acronym>NIC</acronym>s.</para>
532 <para revision="274987">The &man.gpio.3; library has been added,
533 providing a wrapper around the &man.gpio.4; kernel
536 <para revision="277610">The <literal>futimens()</literal> and
537 <literal>utimensat()</literal> system calls have been
538 added. See &man.utimensat.2; for more information.</para>
540 <para revision="278934">The &man.elf.3; compile-time dependency
541 has been removed from <filename>dtri.o</filename>, which
542 allows adding <application>DTrace</application> probes to
543 userland applications and libraries without also linking
544 against &man.elf.3;.</para>
546 <para revision="279186">The &man.setmode.3; function has been
547 updated to consistently set <literal>errno</literal> on
550 <para revision="279663">The &man.qsort.3; functions have been
551 updated to be able to handle 32-bit aligned data on 64-bit
552 platforms, also providing a significant improvement in 32-bit
555 <para revision="281130">Several standard include headers have
556 been updated to use of <application>gcc</application>
557 attributes, such as <literal>__result_use_check()</literal>,
558 <literal>__alloc_size()</literal>, and
559 <literal>__nonnull()</literal>.</para>
561 <para revision="281845">Support for file verification in
562 <acronym>MAC</acronym> has been added.</para>
565 <sect2 xml:id="userland-abi">
566 <title>ABI Compatibility</title>
568 <para revision="271982">The &linux; compatibility version has
569 been updated to <literal>2.6.18</literal>. The
570 <literal>compat.linux.osrelease</literal> &man.sysctl.8; is
571 evaluated when building the <filename
572 role="package">emulators/linux-c6</filename> and related
577 <sect1 xml:id="kernel">
578 <title>Kernel</title>
580 <para>This section covers changes to kernel configurations, system
581 tuning, and system control parameters that are not otherwise
584 <sect2 xml:id="kernel-bugfix">
585 <title>Kernel Bug Fixes</title>
587 <para revision="265876">A kernel bug that inhibited proper
588 functionality of the <literal>dev.cpu.0.freq</literal>
589 &man.sysctl.8; on &intel; processors with Turbo
590 Boost ™ enabled has been fixed.</para>
592 <para revision="271697" arch="powerpc">Support for
593 &man.dtrace.1; stack tracing has been fixed for
594 &os;/&arch.powerpc;, using the <literal>trapexit()</literal>
595 and <literal>asttrapexit()</literal> functions instead of
596 checking within addressed kernel space.</para>
598 <para revision="272089">A bug in &man.ipfw.4; that could
599 potentially lead to a kernel panic when using &man.dummynet.4;
600 at layer 2 has been fixed.</para>
602 <para revision="280930" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&mitail;">The
603 kernel <acronym>RPC</acronym> has been updated to include
604 several enhancements:</para>
608 <para>The 45 MiB limit on requests queued for
609 &man.nfsd.8; threads has been removed.</para>
613 <para>Avoids unnecessary throttling by not deferring
614 accounting for completed requests.</para>
618 <para>Fixes an integer overflow and signedness bugs.</para>
622 <para revision="281261" arch="powerpc">Support for
623 &man.dtrace.1; has been added for the
624 Book-E ™.</para>
627 <sect2 xml:id="kernel-config">
628 <title>Kernel Configuration</title>
630 <para revision="266531">The <literal>IMAGACT_BINMISC</literal>
631 kernel configuration option has been enabled by default,
632 which enables application execution through emulators, such
633 as <application>Qemu</application>.</para>
635 <para revision="268045">The <literal>VT</literal> kernel
636 configuration file has been removed, and the &man.vt.4;
637 driver is included in the <literal>GENERIC</literal> kernel.
638 To enable &man.vt.4;, enter <literal>set kern.vty=vt</literal>
639 at the &man.loader.8; prompt during boot, or add
640 <literal>kern.vty=vt</literal> to &man.loader.conf.5; and
641 reboot the system.</para>
643 <para revision="277904">The &man.config.8; utility has been
644 updated to allow using a non-standard <filename
645 class="directory">src/</filename> tree, specified as an
646 argument to the <literal>-s</literal> flag.</para>
648 <para revision="277990" arch="powerpc64">The
649 &os;/&arch.powerpc64; kernel now builds as
650 a position-independent executable, allowing the kernel to be
651 loaded into and run from any physical or virtual
655 <para>This change requires an update to &man.loader.8;.
656 The userland and kernel must be updated before rebooting the
660 <para revision="279189" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ff;"
661 arch="powerpc">Kernel support for Vector-Scalar eXtension
662 (<acronym>VSX</acronym>) found on POWER7 and POWER8 hardware
663 has been added.</para>
665 <para revision="279252" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ff;"
666 arch="powerpc">The &man.pmap.9; implementation for 64-bit
667 &powerpc; processors has been overhaulded to improve
671 <sect2 xml:id="kernel-sysctl">
672 <title>System Tuning and Controls</title>
674 <para revision="275140" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ff;">The
675 &man.hwpmc.4; default and maximum callchain depths have been
676 increased. The default has been increased from 16 to 32, and
677 the maximum increased from 32 to 128.</para>
679 <para revision="279361">The <literal>kern.osrelease</literal>
680 and <literal>kern.osreldate</literal> are now configurable
681 &man.jail.8; parameters.</para>
683 <para revision="280308,280949" contrib="sponsor"
684 sponsor="&ix;, &ff;">The &man.devfs.5; device filesystem has
685 been changed to update timestamps for read/write operations
686 using seconds precision. A new &man.sysctl.8;,
687 <literal>vfs.devfs.dotimes</literal> has been added, which
688 when set to a non-zero value, enables default precision
689 timestamps for these operations.</para>
691 <para revision="282213" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ff;">A new
692 &man.sysctl.8;, <literal>kern.racct.enable</literal>, has been
693 added, which when set to a non-zero value allows using
694 &man.rctl.8; with the <literal>GENERIC</literal> kernel. A new
695 kernel configuration option, <literal>RACCT_DISABLED</literal>
696 has also been added.</para>
700 <sect1 xml:id="drivers">
701 <title>Devices and Drivers</title>
703 <para>This section covers changes and additions to devices and
704 device drivers since &release.prev;.</para>
706 <sect2 xml:id="drivers-device">
707 <title>Device Drivers</title>
709 <para revision="260903">Support for GPS ports has been added to
712 <para revision="265132">The &man.full.4; device has been added,
713 and the <literal>lindev(4)</literal> device has been removed.
714 Prior to this change, <literal>lindev(4)</literal> provided
715 only the <filename>/dev/full</filename> character device,
716 returning <literal>ENOSPC</literal> on write attempts. As
717 this device is not specific to &linux;, a native &os; version
718 has been added.</para>
720 <para revision="271705">Hardware context support has been
721 added to the <literal>drm/i915</literal> driver, adding
722 support for <application>Mesa</application> 9.2 and
725 <para revision="273178">The &man.vt.4; driver has been updated,
726 replacing the bitmapped <literal>kern.vt.spclkeys</literal>
727 &man.sysctl.8; with individual
728 <literal>kern.vt.kbd_*</literal> variants.</para>
730 <para revision="273598">The &man.hpet.4; driver has been updated
732 <filename>/dev/hpet<replaceable>N</replaceable></filename>
733 device, providing access to <acronym>HPET</acronym> from
736 <para revision="280183">The <literal>drm</literal> code has
737 been updated to match &linux; version 3.8.13.</para>
740 <sect2 xml:id="drivers-storage">
741 <title>Storage Drivers</title>
743 <para revision="265236" contrib="sponsor"
744 sponsor="&lsi;, &spectralogic;" sponsorurl="">The &man.mpr.4;
745 device has been added, providing support for LSI Fusion-MPT
746 3 12Gb SCSI/SATA controllers.</para>
748 <para revision="265555" contrib="sponsor"
749 sponsor="&lsi;">The &man.mrsas.4; driver has been added,
750 providing support for LSI MegaRAID SAS controllers. The
751 &man.mfi.4; driver will attach to the controller, by default.
752 To enable &man.mrsas.4; add
753 <literal>hw.mfi.mrsas_enable=1</literal> to
754 <filename>/boot/loader.conf</filename>, which turns off
755 &man.mfi.4; device probing.</para>
758 <para>At this time, the &man.mfiutil.8; utility and the &os;
759 version of <application>MegaCLI</application> and
760 <application>StorCli</application> do not work with
761 &man.mrsas.4;.</para>
764 <para revision="275461" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ix;">The
765 &man.ctl.4; subsystem has been updated, increasing the ports
766 limit from <literal>128</literal> to <literal>256</literal>,
767 and <acronym>LUN</acronym> limit from <literal>256</literal>
768 to <literal>1024</literal>.</para>
770 <para revision="276526">The <literal>asr(4)</literal> driver has
771 been removed, and is no longer supported.</para>
773 <para revision="281387">The &man.hptnr.4; driver has been
774 updated to version 1.1.1.</para>
777 <sect2 xml:id="drivers-network">
778 <title>Network Drivers</title>
780 <para revision="258830">Support for Broadcom chipsets BCM57764,
781 BCM57767, BCM57782, BCM57786 and BCM57787 has been added to
784 <para revision="260448">Support for the &intel; Centrino™
785 Wireless-N 135 chipset has been added.</para>
787 <para revision="260552">Firmware for &intel; Centrino™
788 Wireless-N 105 devices has been added to the base
791 <para revision="261975">The deprecated nve(4) driver has been
792 removed. Users of NVIDIA nForce MCP network adapters are
793 advised to use the &man.nfe.4; driver instead, which has been
794 the default driver for this hardware since
795 &os; 7.0.</para>
797 <para revision="264601" contrib="sponsor"
798 sponsor="&darpa_afrl;">The <literal>if_nf10bmac(4)</literal>
799 device has been added, providing support for NetFPGA-10G
800 Embedded CPU Ethernet Core.</para>
803 <para>The <literal>if_nf10bmac(4)</literal> driver operates on
804 the FPGA, and is not suited for the PCI host
808 <para revision="265348" contrib="sponsor"
809 sponsor="&netgate;">The &man.ath.hal.4; driver has been
810 updated to support the Atheros AR1111 chipset.</para>
812 <para revision="266770">Support for the &intel; Centrino™
813 Wireless-N 105 chipset has been added.</para>
815 <para revision="266757" contrib="sponsor"
816 sponsor="&chelsio;">Support for the &man.cxgbe.4; Terminator
817 5 (T5) 10G/40G cards has been added to &man.netmap.4;.</para>
819 <para revision="272730">The &man.alc.4; driver has been updated
820 to support AR816x and AR817x ethernet controllers.</para>
822 <para revision="273331">The &man.vxlan.4; driver has been added,
823 which creates a virtual Layer 2 (Ethernet) network overlaid in
824 a Layer 3 (IP/UDP) network. The &man.vxlan.4; driver is
825 analogous to &man.vlan.4;, but is designed to be better suited
826 for large, multiple-tenant datacenter environments.</para>
828 <para revision="274246" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&yandex;">The
829 &man.gre.4; driver has been significantly overhauled, and has
830 been split into two separate modules, &man.gre.4; and
835 <sect1 xml:id="hardware">
836 <title>Hardware Support</title>
838 <para>This section covers general hardware support for physical
839 machines, hypervisors, and virtualization environments, as well
840 as hardware changes and updates that do not otherwise fit in
841 other sections of this document.</para>
843 <sect2 xml:id="hardware-support">
844 <title>Hardware Support</title>
846 <para revision="268303">The &man.asmc.4; driver has been
847 updated to support the &apple; MacMini 3,1.</para>
849 <para revision="268351">Support for &os;/ia64 has been dropped
850 as of &os; 11.</para>
852 <para revision="274386">An issue that could cause a system to
853 hang when entering <acronym>ACPI</acronym>
854 <literal>S3</literal> state (suspend to
855 <acronym>RAM</acronym>) has been corrected in the &man.acpi.4;
856 and &man.pci.4; drivers.</para>
858 <para revision="274733" arch="powerpc">The power management unit
859 subsystem has been updated to support power button events on
860 certain &arch.powerpc; hardware, such as aluminum
861 PowerBook ®.</para>
863 <para revision="275171,275190" arch="powerpc">The &man.hwpmc.4;
864 driver has been updated to correct performance counter
865 sampling on G4 (MPC74xxx) and G5 class processors.</para>
867 <para revision="281713" arch="powerpc">The &man.hwpmc.4;
868 driver has been updated to support the Freescale e500
871 <para revision="275732" contrib="sponsor"
872 sponsor="&ff;,&netgate;">The
873 <application>OpenCrypto</application> framework has been
874 updated to include <literal>AES-ICM</literal> and
875 <literal>AES-GCM</literal> modes, both of which have also been
876 added to the &man.aesni.4; driver.</para>
879 <sect2 xml:id="hardware-virtualization">
880 <title>Virtualization Support</title>
882 <para revision="260410">Support for the <quote>Virtual Interrupt
883 Delivery</quote> feature of &intel; VT-x is enabled if
884 supported by the CPU. This feature can be disabled by running
885 <literal>sysctl hw.vmm.vmx.use_apic_vid=0</literal>.
886 Additionally, to persist this setting across reboots, add
887 <literal>hw.vmm.vmx.use_apic_vid=0</literal> to
888 <filename>/etc/sysctl.conf</filename>.</para>
890 <para revision="260532">Support for <quote>Posted Interrupt
891 Processing</quote> is enabled if supported by the CPU. This
892 feature can be disabled by running <literal>sysctl
893 hw.vmm.vmx.use_apic_pir=0</literal>. Additionally, to
894 persist this setting across reboots, add
895 <literal>hw.vmm.vmx.use_apic_pir=0</literal> to
896 <filename>/etc/sysctl.conf</filename>.</para>
898 <para revision="260582">Unmapped IO support has been added to
899 &man.virtio_blk.4;.</para>
901 <para revision="260583">Unmapped IO support has been added to
902 &man.virtio_scsi.4;.</para>
904 <para revision="260847">The &man.virtio_random.4; driver has
905 been added to harvest entropy from the host system.</para>
907 <para revision="261504">&os;/&arch.i386; guests can be run under
910 <para revision="267536" contrib="sponsor"
911 sponsor="&citrix.rd;">Support for running a &os;/&arch.amd64;
912 <application>Xen</application> guest instance as
913 <acronym>PVH</acronym> guest has been added.
914 <acronym>PVH</acronym> mode, short for <quote>Para-Virtualized
915 Hardware</quote>, uses para-virtualized drivers for boot and
916 I/O, and uses hardware virtualization extensions for all other
917 tasks, without the need for emulation.</para>
919 <para revision="273515">The &man.virtio.console.4; driver has
920 been added, which provides an interface to VirtIO console
921 devices through a &man.tty.4; device.</para>
923 <para revision="279957">The &man.bhyve.8; hypervisor has been
924 updated to support <literal>DSM TRIM</literal> commands for
925 virtual <acronym>AHCI</acronym> disks.</para>
927 <para revision="281439" arch="arm">Support for the
928 <application>QEMU</application> <literal>virt</literal> system
929 has been added.</para>
931 <para revision="282212" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&msostc;">The
932 HyperV™ drivers have been updated with several
937 <para>The &man.hv.vmbus.4; driver now has multi-channel
942 <para>The &man.hv.storvsc.4; driver now has scatter/gather
943 support, in addition to performance improvements.</para>
947 <para>The &man.hv.kvp.4; driver has received several bug
953 <sect2 xml:id="hardware-arm">
954 <title>ARM Support</title>
956 <para revision="260921">The &man.nand.4; device is enabled for
957 ARM devices by default.</para>
959 <para revision="273264" arch="armv6">An issue that could cause
960 instability when detecting <acronym>SD</acronym> cards on the
961 Raspberry Pi <acronym>SOC</acronym> has been fixed.</para>
963 <para revision="275963">The <literal>bcm2835_cpufreq</literal>
964 driver has been added, which supports <acronym>CPU</acronym>
965 frequency and voltage control on the Raspberry Pi
966 <acronym>SOC</acronym>.</para>
968 <para revision="280259" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ff;">Initial
969 support for the ARM AArch64 architecture has been
974 <sect1 xml:id="storage">
975 <title>Storage</title>
977 <para>This section covers changes and additions to file systems
978 and other storage subsystems, both local and networked.</para>
980 <sect2 xml:id="storage-general">
981 <title>General Storage</title>
983 <para revision="278037" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ix;">The
984 &man.ctl.4; <acronym>LUN</acronym> mapping has been rewritten,
985 replacing <acronym>iSCSI</acronym>-specific mapping mechanisms
986 with a new mechanism that works for any port.</para>
988 <para revision="278354" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ix;">The
989 &man.ctld.8; utility has been updated to allow controlling
990 non-<acronym>iSCSI</acronym> &man.ctl.4; ports.</para>
993 <sect2 xml:id="storage-net">
994 <title>Networked Storage</title>
996 <para revision="270096" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ff;">The new
997 filesystem automount facility, &man.autofs.5;, has been added.
998 The new &man.autofs.5; facility is similar to that found in
999 other &unix;-like operating systems, such as OS X™
1000 and Solaris™. The &man.autofs.5; facility uses
1001 a &sun;-compatible &man.auto.master.5; configuration file, and
1002 is administered with the &man.automount.8; userland utility,
1003 and the &man.automountd.8; and &man.autounmountd.8;
1007 <sect2 xml:id="storage-zfs">
1010 <para revision="275748">The <literal>arc_meta_limit</literal>
1011 statistics are now visible through the
1012 <literal>kstat</literal> &man.sysctl.8;. As a result of this
1013 change, the <literal>vfs.zfs.arc_meta_used</literal>
1014 &man.sysctl.8; has been removed, and replaced with the
1015 <literal>kstat.zfs.misc.arcstats.arc_meta_used</literal>
1016 &man.sysctl.8;.</para>
1019 <sect2 xml:id="storage-geom">
1020 <title>&man.geom.4;</title>
1022 <para revision="267359">Support for the
1023 <literal>disklabel64</literal> partitioning scheme has been
1024 added to &man.gpart.8;.</para>
1028 <sect1 xml:id="boot">
1029 <title>Boot Loader Changes</title>
1031 <para>This section covers the boot loader, boot menu, and other
1032 boot-related changes.</para>
1034 <sect2 xml:id="boot-loader">
1035 <title>Boot Loader Changes</title>
1037 <para revision="274085">The &man.vt.4; driver has been made the
1038 default system console driver. The &man.syscons.4; driver is
1039 still available, and can be enabled by adding
1040 <literal>kern.vty=sc</literal> in &man.loader.conf.5;.
1041 Alternatively, &man.syscons.4; can be enabled at boot time by
1042 entering <literal>set kern.vty=sc</literal> at the
1043 &man.loader.8; prompt.</para>
1045 <para revision="281616">The boot loader has been updated to
1046 support entering the <acronym>GELI</acronym> passphrase before
1047 loading the kernel. To enable this behavior, add
1048 <literal>geom_eli_passphrase_prompt="YES"</literal> to
1049 &man.loader.conf.5;.</para>
1052 <sect2 xml:id="boot-menu">
1053 <title>Boot Menu Changes</title>
1059 <sect1 xml:id="network">
1060 <title>Networking</title>
1062 <para>This section describes changes that affect networking in
1065 <sect2 xml:id="network-protocols">
1066 <title>Network Procols</title>
1068 <para revision="263140">Support for the IPX network transport
1069 protocol has been removed, and will not be supported in
1070 &os; 11 and later releases.</para>
1072 <para revision="272720" contrib="sponsor"
1073 sponsor="&limelight;">Support for <acronym>PLPMTUD</acronym>
1074 blackhole detection (<acronym>RFC</acronym> 4821) has been
1075 added to the &man.tcp.4; stack, disabled by default. New
1076 control tunables have been added:</para>
1078 <informaltable frame="none" pgwide="0">
1080 <colspec colwidth="1*"/>
1081 <colspec colwidth="1*"/>
1084 <entry>Tunable</entry>
1085 <entry>Description</entry>
1091 <entry><literal>net.inet.tcp.pmtud_blackhole_detection</literal></entry>
1092 <entry>Enables or disables <acronym>PLPMTUD</acronym>
1093 blackhole detection</entry>
1097 <entry><literal>net.inet.tcp.pmtud_blackhole_mss</literal></entry>
1098 <entry><acronym>MSS</acronym> to try for IPv4</entry>
1102 <entry><literal>net.inet.tcp.v6pmtud_blackhole_mss</literal></entry>
1103 <entry><acronym>MSS to try for IPv6</acronym></entry>
1109 <para>New monitoring &man.sysctl.8;s haven been added:</para>
1111 <informaltable frame="none" pgwide="0">
1113 <colspec colwidth="1*"/>
1114 <colspec colwidth="1*"/>
1117 <entry>Tunable</entry>
1118 <entry>Description</entry>
1124 <entry><literal>net.inet.tcp.pmtud_blackhole_activated</literal></entry>
1125 <entry>Number of times the code was activated to attempt
1126 downshifting the <acronym>MSS</acronym></entry>
1130 <entry><literal>net.inet.tcp.pmtud_blackhole_min_activated</literal></entry>
1131 <entry>Number of times the blackhole
1132 <acronym>MSS</acronym> was used in an attempt to
1137 <entry><literal>net.inet.tcp.pmtud_blackhole_failed</literal></entry>
1138 <entry>Number of times that the blackhole failed to
1139 connect after downshifting the
1140 <acronym>MSS</acronym></entry>
1146 <para revision="280971" contrib="sponsor"
1147 sponsor="&netflix;, &nginx;">Support for <acronym>IP</acronym>
1148 identification for atomic datagrams (<acronym>RFC</acronym>
1149 6864) has been added. Support for this feature can be toggled
1150 with the <literal>net.inet.ip.rfc6864</literal>
1151 &man.sysctl.8;, which is enabled by default.</para>
1155 <sect1 xml:id="ports">
1156 <title>Ports Collection and Package Infrastructure</title>
1158 <para>This section covers changes to the &os; Ports
1159 Collection, package infrastructure, and package maintenance and
1160 installation tools.</para>
1162 <sect2 xml:id="ports-infrastructure">
1163 <title>Infrastructure Changes</title>
1168 <sect2 xml:id="ports-packages ">
1169 <title>Packaging Changes</title>
1175 <sect1 xml:id="doc">
1176 <title>Documentation</title>
1178 <para>This section covers changes to the &os; Documentation
1179 Project sources and toolchain.</para>
1181 <sect2 xml:id="doc-sources">
1182 <title>Documentation Source Changes</title>
1187 <sect2 xml:id="doc-toolchain">
1188 <title>Documentation Toolchain Changes</title>
1194 <sect1 xml:id="releng">
1195 <title>Release Engineering and Integration</title>
1197 <para>This section convers changes that are specific to the
1198 &os; Release Engineering processes.</para>
1200 <sect2 xml:id="releng-changes">
1201 <title>Integration Changes</title>
1203 <para revision="277458" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ff;">The
1204 Release Engineering build tools have been updated to include
1205 support for producing virtual machine disk images for various
1206 cloud hosting providers.</para>
1208 <para revision="278926">The Release Engineering build tools have
1209 been updated to use multi-threaded &man.xz.1;. By default,
1210 the number of &man.xz.1; threads is set to the number of cores