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4 <!ENTITY % release PUBLIC "-//FreeBSD//ENTITIES Release Specification//EN" "release.ent">
6 <!ENTITY % sponsor PUBLIC "-//FreeBSD//ENTITIES Sponsor Specification//EN" "sponsor.ent">
8 <!ENTITY % vendor PUBLIC "-//FreeBSD//ENTITIES Vendor Specification//EN" "vendor.ent">
10 <!ENTITY security SYSTEM "../../share/xml/security.xml">
11 <!ENTITY errata SYSTEM "../../share/xml/errata.xml">
13 <article xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook"
14 xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" version="5.0">
17 <title>&os; &release.current; Release Notes</title>
20 <orgname>The &os; Project</orgname>
23 <pubdate>$FreeBSD$</pubdate>
25 <!-- Last rev: 284814 -->
29 <holder role="mailto:doc@FreeBSD.org">The &os; Documentation
33 <legalnotice xml:id="trademarks" role="trademarks">
43 <para>The release notes for &os; &release.current; contain
44 a summary of the changes made to the &os; base system on the
45 &release.branch; development line. This document lists
46 applicable security advisories that were issued since the last
47 release, as well as significant changes to the &os; kernel and
48 userland. Some brief remarks on upgrading are also
53 <sect1 xml:id="intro">
54 <title>Introduction</title>
56 <para>This document contains the release notes for &os;
57 &release.current;. It describes recently added, changed, or
58 deleted features of &os;. It also provides some notes on
59 upgrading from previous versions of &os;.</para>
61 <para releasetype="current">The &release.type; distribution to
62 which these release notes apply represents the latest point
63 along the &release.branch; development branch since
64 &release.branch; was created. Information regarding pre-built,
65 binary &release.type; distributions along this branch can be
67 xlink:href="&release.url;">&release.url;</uri>.</para>
69 <para releasetype="snapshot">The &release.type; distribution to
70 which these release notes apply represents a point along the
71 &release.branch; development branch between &release.prev; and
72 the future &release.next;. Information regarding pre-built,
73 binary &release.type; distributions along this branch can be
75 xlink:href="&release.url;">&release.url;</uri>.</para>
77 <para releasetype="release">This distribution of &os;
78 &release.current; is a &release.type; distribution. It can be
79 found at <uri xlink:href="&release.url;">&release.url;</uri> or
80 any of its mirrors. More information on obtaining this (or
81 other) &release.type; distributions of &os; can be found in the
83 xlink:href="&url.books.handbook;/mirrors.html"><quote>Obtaining
84 &os;</quote> appendix</link> to the <link
85 xlink:href="&url.books.handbook;/">&os;
86 Handbook</link>.</para>
88 <para>All users are encouraged to consult the release errata
89 before installing &os;. The errata document is updated with
90 <quote>late-breaking</quote> information discovered late in the
91 release cycle or after the release. Typically, it contains
92 information on known bugs, security advisories, and corrections
93 to documentation. An up-to-date copy of the errata for &os;
94 &release.current; can be found on the &os; Web site.</para>
96 <para>This document describes the most user-visible new or changed
97 features in &os; since &release.prev;. In general, changes
98 described here are unique to the &release.branch; branch unless
99 specifically marked as &merged; features.</para>
101 <para>Typical release note items document recent security
102 advisories issued after &release.prev;, new drivers or hardware
103 support, new commands or options, major bug fixes, or
104 contributed software upgrades. They may also list changes to
105 major ports/packages or release engineering practices. Clearly
106 the release notes cannot list every single change made to &os;
107 between releases; this document focuses primarily on security
108 advisories, user-visible changes, and major architectural
112 <sect1 xml:id="upgrade">
113 <title>Upgrading from Previous Releases of &os;</title>
115 <para arch="amd64,i386">Binary upgrades between RELEASE versions
116 (and snapshots of the various security branches) are supported
117 using the &man.freebsd-update.8; utility. The binary upgrade
118 procedure will update unmodified userland utilities, as well as
119 unmodified GENERIC kernels distributed as a part of an official
120 &os; release. The &man.freebsd-update.8; utility requires that
121 the host being upgraded have Internet connectivity.</para>
123 <para>Source-based upgrades (those based on recompiling the &os;
124 base system from source code) from previous versions are
125 supported, according to the instructions in
126 <filename>/usr/src/UPDATING</filename>.</para>
129 <para>Upgrading &os; should only be attempted after backing up
130 <emphasis>all</emphasis> data and configuration files.</para>
134 <sect1 xml:id="security-errata">
135 <title>Security and Errata</title>
137 <para>This section lists the various Security Advisories and
138 Errata Notices since &release.prev;.</para>
140 <sect2 xml:id="security">
141 <title>Security Advisories</title>
146 <sect2 xml:id="errata">
147 <title>Errata Notices</title>
153 <sect1 xml:id="userland">
154 <title>Userland</title>
156 <para>This section covers changes and additions to userland
157 applications, contributed software, and system utilities.</para>
159 <sect2 xml:id="userland-config">
160 <title>Userland Configuration Changes</title>
162 <para revision="266463">The default &man.newsyslog.conf.5; now
163 includes files in the
164 <filename>/etc/newsyslog.conf.d/</filename> and
165 <filename>/usr/local/etc/newsyslog.conf.d/</filename>
166 directories by default for &man.newsyslog.8;.</para>
168 <para revision="270675">The &man.mailwrapper.8; utility has been
169 updated to use &man.mailer.conf.5; from the
170 <literal>LOCALBASE</literal> environment variable, which
171 defaults to <filename class="directory">/usr/local</filename>
174 <para revision="272350">The <literal>MK_ARM_EABI</literal>
175 &man.src.conf.5; option has been removed.</para>
177 <para revision="285169">The <application>ntp</application> suite
178 has been updated to version 4.2.8p3.</para>
181 <sect2 xml:id="userland-programs">
182 <title>Userland Application Changes</title>
184 <para revision="258838" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ff;,
185 &google;" sponsorurl="">The &man.casperd.8; daemon has been
186 added, which provides access to functionality that is not
187 available in the <quote>capability mode</quote>
190 <para revision="260594">When unable to load a kernel module with
191 &man.kldload.8;, a message informing to view output of
192 &man.dmesg.8; is now printed, opposed to the previous output
193 <quote>Exec format error.</quote>.</para>
195 <para revision="260910">Allow &man.pciconf.8; to identify PCI
196 devices that are attached to a driver to be identified by
197 their device name instead of just the selector. Additionally,
198 an optional device argument to the <literal>-l</literal> flag
199 to restrict the output to only listing details about a single
202 <para revision="260913">A new flag, <quote>onifconsole</quote>
203 has been added to <filename>/etc/ttys</filename>. This allows
204 the system to provide a login prompt via serial console if the
205 device is an active kernel console, otherwise it is equivalent
206 to <literal>off</literal>.</para>
208 <para revision="260926">Support for displaying VPD for PCI
209 devices via &man.pciconf.8; has been added.</para>
211 <para revision="261498">&man.ping.8; protects against malicious
212 network packets using the Capsicum framework to drop
215 <para revision="265229">The &man.ps.1; utility has been
216 updated to include the <literal>-J</literal> flag, used to
217 filter output by matching &man.jail.8; IDs and names.
218 Additionally, argument <literal>0</literal> can be used to
219 <literal>-J</literal> to only list processes running on the
222 <para revision="265249">The &man.top.1; utility has been updated
223 to filter by &man.jail.8; ID or name, in followup to the
224 &man.ps.1; change in <literal>r265229</literal>.</para>
226 <para revision="266209">The &man.pmcstat.8; utility has been
227 updated to include a new flag, <literal>-l</literal>, which
228 ends event collection after the specified number of
231 <para revision="270745">The &man.ps.1; utility has been updated
232 to include a new keyword, <quote>tracer</quote>, which
233 displays the <acronym>PID</acronym> of the tracing
236 <para revision="271482">Support for adding empty partitions has
237 been added to the &man.mkimg.1; utility.</para>
239 <para revision="272166">The &man.primes.6; utility has been
240 updated to correctly enumerate prime numbers between
241 <literal>4295098369</literal> and
242 <literal>3825123056546413050</literal>, which prior to this
243 change, it would be possible for returned values to be
244 incorrectly identified as prime numbers.</para>
246 <para revision="272198">The &man.mkimg.1; utility has been
247 updated to include three options used to print information
248 about &man.mkimg.1; itself:</para>
250 <informaltable frame="none" pgwide="0">
252 <colspec colwidth="1*"/>
253 <colspec colwidth="1*"/>
256 <entry>Option</entry>
257 <entry>Output</entry>
263 <entry><literal>--version</literal></entry>
264 <entry>The current version of the &man.mkimg.1;
269 <entry><literal>--formats</literal></entry>
270 <entry>The disk image file formats supported by
271 &man.mkimg.1;</entry>
275 <entry><literal>--schemes</literal></entry>
276 <entry>The partition schemes supported by
277 &man.mkimg.1;</entry>
283 <para revision="272488">Userland &man.ctf.5; support in
284 &man.dtrace.1; has been added. With this change,
285 &man.dtrace.1; is able to resolve type info for function and
286 <acronym>USDT</acronym> probe arguments, and function return
289 <para revision="274960">The &man.elfdump.1; utility has been
290 updated to support capability mode provided by
291 &man.capsicum.4;.</para>
293 <para revision="275680" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ff;">The
294 &man.fstyp.8; utility has been added, which is used to
295 determine the filesystem on a specified device.</para>
297 <para revision="276881">The <literal>libedit</literal> library
298 has been updated to support <acronym>UTF</acronym>-8, which
299 additionally provides unicode support to &man.sh.1;.</para>
301 <para revision="276893" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ff;">The
302 &man.mkimg.1; utility has been updated to support the
303 <acronym>MBR</acronym> <acronym>EFI</acronym> partition
306 <para revision="277166" arch="powerpc">The &man.ptrace.2; system
307 call has been updated include support for Altivec registers on
308 &os;/&arch.powerpc;.</para>
310 <para revision="278320">A new device control utility,
311 &man.devctl.8; has been added, which allows making
312 administrative changes to individual devices, such as
313 attaching and detaching drivers, and enabling and disabling
314 devices. The &man.devctl.8; utility uses the new
315 &man.devctl.3; library.</para>
317 <para revision="279122" contrib="sponsor"
318 sponsor="&juniper;">The &man.netstat.1; utility has been
319 updated to link against the &man.libxo.3; shared
322 <para revision="279139">A new flag, <literal>-c</literal>, has
323 been added to the &man.mkimg.1; utility, which allows
324 specifying the capacity of the target disk image.</para>
326 <para revision="279315" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ff;">The
327 &man.uefisign.8; utility has been added.</para>
329 <para revision="279571" contrib="sponsor"
330 sponsor="&scaleengine;">The &man.freebsd-update.8; utility has
331 been updated to prevent fetching updated binary patches when
332 a previous upgrade has not been thoroughly completed.</para>
334 <para revision="280870">A regression in the &man.libarchive.3;
335 library that would prevent a directory from being included in
336 the archive when <literal>--one-file-system</literal> is used
337 has been fixed.</para>
339 <para revision="281311" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ff;">The
340 &man.ar.1; utility has been updated to set
341 <literal>ARCHIVE_EXTRACT_SECURE_SYMLINKS</literal> and
342 <literal>ARCHIVE_EXTRACT_SECURE_NODOTDOT</literal> to disallow
343 directory traversal when extracting an archive, similar to
346 <para revision="281617">A race condition in &man.wc.1; that
347 would cause final results to be sent to &man.stderr.4; when
348 receiving the <literal>SIGINFO</literal> signal has been
351 <para revision="282208" contrib="sponsor"
352 sponsor="&multiplay;">The &man.chflags.1;, &man.chgrp.1;,
353 &man.chmod.1;, and &man.chown.8; utilities now affect symbolic
354 links when the <literal>-R</literal> flag is specified, as
355 documented in &man.symlink.7;.</para>
357 <para revision="282608">The &man.date.1; utility has been
358 updated to print the modification time of the file passed as
359 an argument to the <literal>-r</literal> flag, improving
360 compatibility with the <acronym>GNU</acronym> &man.date.1;
361 utility behavior.</para>
363 <para revision="283961">The &man.pw.8; utility has been updated
364 with a new flag, <literal>-R</literal>, that sets the root
365 directory within which the utility will operate.</para>
367 <para revision="284297" contrib="sponsor"
368 sponsor="&clusterhq;">The &man.lockstat.1; utility has been
369 updated with several improvements:</para>
373 <para>Spin locks are now reported as the amount of time
374 spinning, instead of loop iterations.</para>
378 <para>Reader locks are now recognized as adaptive that can
383 <para>Lock aquisition events for successful reader try-lock
384 events are now reported.</para>
388 <para>Spin and block events are now reported before lock
389 acquisition events.</para>
393 <para revision="284589" contrib="sponsor"
394 sponsor="&scaleengine;">The &man.fstyp.8; utility has been
395 updated to be able to detect &man.zfs.8; and &man.geli.8;
398 <para revision="284883">The &man.mkimg.1; utility has been
399 updated to include support for <literal>NTFS</literal>
400 filesystems in both <acronym>MBR</acronym> and
401 <acronym>GPT</acronym> partitioning schemes.</para>
403 <para revision="285550">The &man.w.1; utility has been updated
404 to display the full IPv6 remote address of the host from which
405 a user is connected.</para>
408 <sect2 xml:id="userland-contrib">
409 <title>Contributed Software</title>
411 <para revision="258884" contrib="sponsor"
412 sponsor="&darpa_afrl;">&man.lldb.1; has been updated to
413 upstream snapshot version r196259.</para>
415 <para revision="260445">&man.byacc.1; has been updated to
416 version 20140101.</para>
418 <para revision="261071">&man.jemalloc.3; has been updated to
419 version 3.5.0.</para>
421 <para revision="261283"><application>libc++</application> has
422 been updated to version 3.4.</para>
424 <para revision="261320"><application>OpenSSH</application> has
425 been updated to 6.5p1.</para>
427 <para revision="261344"><application>mdocml</application> has
428 been updated to version 1.12.3.</para>
430 <para revision="261991"><application>LLVM</application> and
431 <application>Clang</application> have been updated to
434 <para revision="275718">The <application>binutils</application>
435 suite of utilities has been updated to include upstream
436 patches that add new relocations for &arch.powerpc;
439 <para revision="276398" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ff;">The
440 <application>ELF Tool Chain</application> has been updated to
441 upstream revision r3136.</para>
443 <para revision="276551">The <application>texinfo</application>
444 utility and <literal>info</literal> pages were removed from
445 the base system. The <filename
446 role="package">print/texinfo</filename> port should be
447 installed on systems where <literal>info</literal> pages are
450 <para revision="276796" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ff;">The ELF
451 object manipulation tools
452 <application>addr2line</application>,
453 <application>elfcopy (strip)</application>,
454 <application>nm</application>,
455 <application>readelf</application>,
456 <application>size</application>, and
457 <application>strings</application> were switched to the
458 versions from the ELF Tool Chain project.</para>
460 <para revision="276881">The <literal>libedit</literal> library
461 has been updated to include <acronym>UTF-8</acronym> support,
462 adding <acronym>UTF-8</acronym> support to the &man.sh.1;
465 <para revision="278433">The &man.xz.1; utility has been updated
466 to support multi-threaded compression.</para>
468 <para revision="280932" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ff;">The
469 <application>elftoolchain</application> utilities have been
470 updated to version 3179.</para>
472 <para revision="281316">The &man.xz.1; utility has been updated
473 to version 5.2.1.</para>
475 <para revision="281373">The &man.nvi.1; utility has been updated
476 to version 2.1.3.</para>
478 <para revision="281806">The &man.wpa.supplicant.8; and
479 &man.hostapd.8; utilities have been updated to version
482 <para revision="282089">The &man.unbound.8; utility has been
483 updated to version 1.5.3.</para>
485 <para revision="282434" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ff;">The
486 &man.resolvconf.8; utility has been updated to version
489 <para revision="282613">The &man.nc.1; utility has been updated
490 to the OpenBSD 5.7 version.</para>
492 <para revision="283092">The &man.acpi.4; subsystem has been
493 updated to version 20150515.</para>
495 <para revision="284237">The &man.file.1; utility has been
496 updated to version 5.23.</para>
498 <para revision="284254"><application>bmake</application> has
499 been updated to version 20150606.</para>
501 <para revision="284397">Timezone data files have been updated to
502 version 2015e.</para>
504 <para revision="285229"><application>sendmail</application> has
505 been updated to 8.15.2. Starting with &os; 11.0 and
506 sendmail 8.15, sendmail uses uncompressed IPv6 addresses by
507 default, i.e., they will not contain <quote>::</quote>. For
508 example, instead of <quote>::1</quote>, it will be
509 <quote>0:0:0:0:0:0:0:1</quote>. This permits a zero subnet to
510 have a more specific match, such as different map entries for
511 IPv6:0:0 versus IPv6:0. This change requires that
512 configuration data (including maps, files, classes, custom
513 ruleset, etc.) must use the same format, so make certain such
514 configuration data is upgrading. As a very simple check
515 search for patterns like 'IPv6:[0-9a-fA-F:]*::' and 'IPv6::'.
516 To return to the old behavior, set the m4 option
517 <literal>confUSE_COMPRESSED_IPV6_ADDRESSES</literal> or the cf
518 option <literal>UseCompressedIPv6Addresses</literal>.</para>
520 <para revision="285329"><application>OpenSSL</application> has
521 been updated to version 1.0.1p.</para>
523 <para revision="285642" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&dell;">The
524 &man.ssh.1; utility has been updated to re-implement hostname
525 canonicalization before locating the host in
526 <filename>known_hosts</filename>.</para>
529 <sect2 xml:id="userland-installer">
530 <title>Installation and Configuration Tools</title>
532 <para revision="271539">The &man.bsdinstall.8; partition editor
533 and &man.sade.8; utility have been updated to include native
534 <acronym>ZFS</acronym> support.</para>
536 <para revision="272274">The &os; installation utility,
537 &man.bsdinstall.8;, has been updated to set the
538 <literal>canmount</literal> &man.zfs.8; property to
539 <literal>off</literal> for the <filename
540 class="directory">/var</filename> dataset, preventing the
541 contents of directories within <filename
542 class="directory">/var</filename> from conflicting when
543 using multiple boot environments, such as that provided by
544 <filename role="package">sysutils/beadm</filename>.</para>
546 <para revision="274394">The &man.bsdconfig.8; utility has been
547 updated to skip the initial &man.tzsetup.8;
548 <acronym>UTC</acronym> versus wall-clock time prompt when run
549 in a virtual machine, determined when the
550 <literal>kern.vm_guest</literal> &man.sysctl.8; is set to
551 <literal>1</literal>.</para>
553 <para revision="275874">The &man.bsdinstall.8; utility has been
554 updated to use the new &man.dpv.3; library to display progress
555 when extracting the &os; distributions.</para>
557 <para revision="285557" contrib="sponsor"
558 sponsor="&scaleengine;">Support for detecting and implementing
559 aligning partitions on 1Mb boundaries has been added to
560 &man.bsdinstall.8;.</para>
562 <para revision="285679" contrib="sponsor"
563 sponsor="&scaleengine;">Support for detecting and implementing
564 a workaround for various laptops and motherboards that do not
565 boot properly from <acronym>GPT</acronym>-partitioned disks
566 has been added to &man.bsdinstall.8;. Additionally, the
567 <literal>active</literal> flag will be set on the partition
570 <para revision="285679" contrib="sponsor"
571 sponsor="&scaleengine;">Support for selecting the partitioning
572 scheme when installing on the <acronym>UFS</acronym>
573 filesystem has been added to &man.bsdinstall.8;.</para>
576 <sect2 xml:id="userland-rc">
577 <title><filename class="directory">/etc/rc.d</filename>
580 <para revision="270676">The &man.rc.8; subsystem has been
581 updated to allow configuring services in <filename
582 class="directory">${LOCALBASE}/etc/rc.conf.d/</filename>.
583 If <literal>LOCALBASE</literal> is unset, it defaults to
584 <filename class="directory">/usr/local</filename>.</para>
586 <para revision="273955">A new &man.rc.8; script,
587 <filename>growfs</filename>, has been added, which will resize
588 the root filesystem on boot if <filename>/firstboot</filename>
591 <para revision="275299">The <filename>mrouted</filename>
592 &man.rc.8; script has been removed from the base system. An
593 equivalent script is available from the <filename
594 role="package">net/mrouted</filename> port.</para>
596 <para revision="279463" contrib="sponsor"
597 sponsor="&sandvine;">A new &man.rc.8; script,
598 <filename>iovctl</filename>, has been added, which allows
599 automatically starting the &man.iovctl.8; utility at
603 <sect2 xml:id="userland-periodic">
604 <title><filename class="directory">/etc/periodic</filename>
607 <para revision="271321">The daily &man.periodic.8; script
608 <filename>110.clean-tmps</filename> has been updated to avoid
609 crossing filesystem mount boundaries when cleaning files in
610 <filename class="directory">/tmp</filename>.</para>
612 <para revision="277216" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ff;">A new
613 &man.periodic.8; script,
614 <filename>510.status-world-kernel</filename>, has been added,
615 which evaluates the running userland and kernel versions from
616 the &man.uname.1; <literal>-U</literal> and
617 <literal>-K</literal> arguments, and prints an error if the
618 system userland and kernel are not in sync.</para>
621 <sect2 xml:id="userland-libraries">
622 <title>Runtime Libraries and API</title>
624 <para revision="265995">The Blowfish &man.crypt.3; default
625 format has been changed to
626 <literal>$2b$</literal>.</para>
628 <para revision="268461">The &man.readline.3; library is now
629 statically linked in software within the base system, and the
630 shared library is no longer installed, allowing the Ports
631 Collection to use a modern version of the library.</para>
633 <para revision="272273">The &man.strptime.3; library has been
634 updated to add support for <acronym>POSIX</acronym>-2001
635 features <literal>%U</literal> and
636 <literal>%W</literal>.</para>
638 <para revision="272842,272848" contrib="sponsor"
639 sponsor="&ff;">The &man.dl.iterate.phdr.3; library has been
640 changed to always return the path name of the
641 <acronym>ELF</acronym> object in the
642 <literal>dlpi_name</literal> structure member.</para>
644 <para revision="273562" contrib="sponsor"
645 sponsor="&juniper;">The &man.libxo.3; library has been
646 imported to the base system.</para>
648 <para revision="273806" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&chelsio;">A
649 userland library for Chelsio Terminator 5 based iWARP cards
650 has been added, allowing userland <acronym>RDMA</acronym>
651 applications to work over compatible
652 <acronym>NIC</acronym>s.</para>
654 <para revision="274987">The &man.gpio.3; library has been added,
655 providing a wrapper around the &man.gpio.4; kernel
658 <para revision="275800" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ff;">The
659 &man.procctl.2; system call has been updated to include
660 a facility for non-&man.init.8; processes to be declared as
661 the reaper of child processes and their decendants.</para>
663 <para revision="277610">The <literal>futimens()</literal> and
664 <literal>utimensat()</literal> system calls have been
665 added. See &man.utimensat.2; for more information.</para>
667 <para revision="278934">The &man.elf.3; compile-time dependency
668 has been removed from <filename>dtri.o</filename>, which
669 allows adding <application>DTrace</application> probes to
670 userland applications and libraries without also linking
671 against &man.elf.3;.</para>
673 <para revision="279186">The &man.setmode.3; function has been
674 updated to consistently set <literal>errno</literal> on
677 <para revision="279663">The &man.qsort.3; functions have been
678 updated to be able to handle 32-bit aligned data on 64-bit
679 platforms, also providing a significant improvement in 32-bit
682 <para revision="281130">Several standard include headers have
683 been updated to use of <application>gcc</application>
684 attributes, such as <literal>__result_use_check()</literal>,
685 <literal>__alloc_size()</literal>, and
686 <literal>__nonnull()</literal>.</para>
688 <para revision="281845">Support for file verification in
689 <acronym>MAC</acronym> has been added.</para>
691 <para revision="282973" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ff;">The
692 <literal>libgomp</literal> library is now only built when
693 building <acronym>GCC</acronym> from the base system. An
694 up-to-date version is available in the Ports Collection as
696 role="package">devel/libiomp5-devel</filename>.</para>
698 <para revision="282988">The <filename>stdlib.h</filename> and
699 <filename>malloc.h</filename> headers have been updated to
700 make use of the <application>gcc</application>
701 <literal>alloc_align()</literal> attribute.</para>
703 <para revision="284483" contrib="sponsor"
704 sponsor="&scaleengine;">The Blowfish &man.crypt.3; library
705 has been updated to support $2y$ hashes.</para>
708 <sect2 xml:id="userland-abi">
709 <title>ABI Compatibility</title>
711 <para revision="271982">The &linux; compatibility version has
712 been updated to <literal>2.6.18</literal>. The
713 <literal>compat.linux.osrelease</literal> &man.sysctl.8; is
714 evaluated when building the <filename
715 role="package">emulators/linux-c6</filename> and related
720 <sect1 xml:id="kernel">
721 <title>Kernel</title>
723 <para>This section covers changes to kernel configurations, system
724 tuning, and system control parameters that are not otherwise
727 <sect2 xml:id="kernel-bugfix">
728 <title>Kernel Bug Fixes</title>
730 <para revision="265876">A kernel bug that inhibited proper
731 functionality of the <literal>dev.cpu.0.freq</literal>
732 &man.sysctl.8; on &intel; processors with Turbo
733 Boost ™ enabled has been fixed.</para>
735 <para revision="271697" arch="powerpc">Support for
736 &man.dtrace.1; stack tracing has been fixed for
737 &os;/&arch.powerpc;, using the <literal>trapexit()</literal>
738 and <literal>asttrapexit()</literal> functions instead of
739 checking within addressed kernel space.</para>
741 <para revision="271917">A kernel panic triggered when destroying
742 a &man.vnet.9; &man.jail.8; configured with &man.gif.4; has
745 <para revision="271918">A kernel panic triggered when destroying
746 a &man.vnet.9; &man.jail.8; configured with &man.gre.4; has
749 <para revision="272089">A bug in &man.ipfw.4; that could
750 potentially lead to a kernel panic when using &man.dummynet.4;
751 at layer 2 has been fixed.</para>
753 <para revision="280930" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&mitail;">The
754 kernel <acronym>RPC</acronym> has been updated to include
755 several enhancements:</para>
759 <para>The 45 MiB limit on requests queued for
760 &man.nfsd.8; threads has been removed.</para>
764 <para>Avoids unnecessary throttling by not deferring
765 accounting for completed requests.</para>
769 <para>Fixes an integer overflow and signedness bugs.</para>
773 <para revision="281261" arch="powerpc">Support for
774 &man.dtrace.1; has been added for the
775 Book-E ™.</para>
778 <sect2 xml:id="kernel-config">
779 <title>Kernel Configuration</title>
781 <para revision="266531">The <literal>IMAGACT_BINMISC</literal>
782 kernel configuration option has been enabled by default,
783 which enables application execution through emulators, such
784 as <application>Qemu</application>.</para>
786 <para revision="268045">The <literal>VT</literal> kernel
787 configuration file has been removed, and the &man.vt.4;
788 driver is included in the <literal>GENERIC</literal> kernel.
789 To enable &man.vt.4;, enter <literal>set kern.vty=vt</literal>
790 at the &man.loader.8; prompt during boot, or add
791 <literal>kern.vty=vt</literal> to &man.loader.conf.5; and
792 reboot the system.</para>
794 <para revision="277904">The &man.config.8; utility has been
795 updated to allow using a non-standard <filename
796 class="directory">src/</filename> tree, specified as an
797 argument to the <literal>-s</literal> flag.</para>
799 <para revision="277990" arch="powerpc64">The
800 &os;/&arch.powerpc64; kernel now builds as
801 a position-independent executable, allowing the kernel to be
802 loaded into and run from any physical or virtual
806 <para>This change requires an update to &man.loader.8;.
807 The userland and kernel must be updated before rebooting the
811 <para revision="278338" arch="arm">A new module for creating
812 <filename>rpi.dtb</filename> has been added for the Raspberry
815 <para revision="278340" arch="arm">The
816 <filename>rpi.dtb</filename> module is now installed to
817 <filename class="directory">/boot/dtb/</filename> by
818 default for the Raspberry Pi system.</para>
820 <para revision="279189" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ff;"
821 arch="powerpc">Kernel support for Vector-Scalar eXtension
822 (<acronym>VSX</acronym>) found on POWER7 and POWER8 hardware
823 has been added.</para>
825 <para revision="279252" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ff;"
826 arch="powerpc">The &man.pmap.9; implementation for 64-bit
827 &powerpc; processors has been overhaulded to improve
830 <para revision="279824" arch="arm">A new module for creating
831 the <filename>dtb</filename> module for AM335x systems has
834 <para revision="281495" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ff;">The
835 <literal>PAE_TABLES</literal> kernel configuration option has
836 been added for &os;/&arch.i386;, which instructs &man.pmap.9;
837 to use <acronym>PAE</acronym> format for page tables while
838 maintaining a 32-bit physical address size elsewhere in the
839 kernel. The use of this option can enhance application-level
840 security by enabling the creation of <quote>no execute</quote>
841 mappings on modern &arch.i386; processors. Unlike the
842 <literal>PAE</literal> option, <literal>PAE_TABLES</literal>
843 preserves kernel binary interface (<acronym>KBI</acronym>)
844 compatibility with non-<literal>PAE</literal> kernels,
845 allowing non-<literal>PAE</literal> kernel modules and drivers
846 to work with a <literal>PAE_TABLES</literal>-enabled kernel.
847 Additionally, system limits are tuned for 4GB maximum
848 <acronym>RAM</acronym>, avoiding kernel virtual address space
849 (<acronym>KVA</acronym>) exhaustion.</para>
851 <para revision="282215">The <literal>SIFTR</literal> kernel
852 configuration has been added, allowing building &man.siftr.4;
853 statically into the kernel.</para>
855 <para revision="282731" arch="arm">The &arch.arm; boot loader,
856 <filename>ubldr</filename>, is now relocatable. In addition,
857 <filename>ubldr.bin</filename> is now created during build
858 time, which is a stripped binary with an entry point of
859 <literal>0</literal>, providing the ability to specify the
860 load address by running <literal>go
861 ${loadaddr}</literal> in
862 <literal>u-boot</literal>.</para>
864 <para revision="282921" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&intelcorp;"
865 arch="amd64,i386">The &man.nvd.4; and &man.nvme.4; drivers are
866 now included in the <filename>GENERIC</filename> kernel
867 configuration by default.</para>
869 <para revision="283959" contrib="sponsor"
870 sponsor="&limelight;">A new kernel configuration option,
871 <literal>EM_MULTIQUEUE</literal>, has been added which enables
872 multi-queue support in the &man.em.4; driver.</para>
875 <para>Multi-queue support in the &man.em.4; driver is not
876 officially supported by &intel;.</para>
879 <para revision="285142" contrib="sponsor"
880 sponsor="&netgate;">The <filename>GENERIC</filename> kernel
881 configuration has been updated to include the
882 <literal>IPSEC</literal> option by default.</para>
885 <sect2 xml:id="kernel-sysctl">
886 <title>System Tuning and Controls</title>
888 <para revision="275140" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ff;">The
889 &man.hwpmc.4; default and maximum callchain depths have been
890 increased. The default has been increased from 16 to 32, and
891 the maximum increased from 32 to 128.</para>
893 <para revision="279361">The <literal>kern.osrelease</literal>
894 and <literal>kern.osreldate</literal> are now configurable
895 &man.jail.8; parameters.</para>
897 <para revision="280308,280949" contrib="sponsor"
898 sponsor="&ix;, &ff;">The &man.devfs.5; device filesystem has
899 been changed to update timestamps for read/write operations
900 using seconds precision. A new &man.sysctl.8;,
901 <literal>vfs.devfs.dotimes</literal> has been added, which
902 when set to a non-zero value, enables default precision
903 timestamps for these operations.</para>
905 <para revision="282213" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ff;">A new
906 &man.sysctl.8;, <literal>kern.racct.enable</literal>, has been
907 added, which when set to a non-zero value allows using
908 &man.rctl.8; with the <literal>GENERIC</literal> kernel.
909 A new kernel configuration option,
910 <literal>RACCT_DISABLED</literal> has also been added.</para>
912 <para revision="282901" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ff;">The
913 <literal>GENERIC</literal> kernel configuration now includes
914 <literal>RACCT</literal> and <literal>RCTL</literal> by
918 <para>To enable <literal>RACCT</literal> and
919 <literal>RCTL</literal> on a system using the
920 <literal>GENERIC</literal> kernel configuration, add
921 <literal>kern.racct.enable=1</literal> to
922 &man.loader.conf.5;, and reboot the system.</para>
925 <para revision="283136" contrib="sponsor"
926 sponsor="&limelight;">A new &man.sysctl.8;,
927 <literal>net.inet.tcp.hostcache.purgenow</literal>, has
928 been added, which when set to <literal>1</literal> during
929 runtime will flush all
930 <literal>net.inet.tcp.hostcache</literal> entries.</para>
934 <sect1 xml:id="drivers">
935 <title>Devices and Drivers</title>
937 <para>This section covers changes and additions to devices and
938 device drivers since &release.prev;.</para>
940 <sect2 xml:id="drivers-device">
941 <title>Device Drivers</title>
943 <para revision="260903">Support for GPS ports has been added to
946 <para revision="265132">The &man.full.4; device has been added,
947 and the <literal>lindev(4)</literal> device has been removed.
948 Prior to this change, <literal>lindev(4)</literal> provided
949 only the <filename>/dev/full</filename> character device,
950 returning <literal>ENOSPC</literal> on write attempts. As
951 this device is not specific to &linux;, a native &os; version
952 has been added.</para>
954 <para revision="271705">Hardware context support has been
955 added to the <literal>drm/i915</literal> driver, adding
956 support for <application>Mesa</application> 9.2 and
959 <para revision="273178">The &man.vt.4; driver has been updated,
960 replacing the bitmapped <literal>kern.vt.spclkeys</literal>
961 &man.sysctl.8; with individual
962 <literal>kern.vt.kbd_*</literal> variants.</para>
964 <para revision="273598">The &man.hpet.4; driver has been updated
966 <filename>/dev/hpet<replaceable>N</replaceable></filename>
967 device, providing access to <acronym>HPET</acronym> from
970 <para revision="280183">The <literal>drm</literal> code has
971 been updated to match &linux; version 3.8.13.</para>
973 <para revision="281440">The &man.psm.4; driver has been updated
974 to include improved support for newer Synaptics ®
975 touchpads and the ClickPad ® mouse on newer
976 Lenovo ™ laptops.</para>
978 <para revision="282783" arch="powerpc">Support for the Freescale
979 <acronym>PCI</acronym> Root Complex device has been
983 <sect2 xml:id="drivers-storage">
984 <title>Storage Drivers</title>
986 <para revision="265236" contrib="sponsor"
987 sponsor="&lsi;, &spectralogic;" sponsorurl="">The &man.mpr.4;
988 device has been added, providing support for LSI Fusion-MPT
989 3 12Gb SCSI/SATA controllers.</para>
991 <para revision="265555" contrib="sponsor"
992 sponsor="&lsi;">The &man.mrsas.4; driver has been added,
993 providing support for LSI MegaRAID SAS controllers. The
994 &man.mfi.4; driver will attach to the controller, by default.
995 To enable &man.mrsas.4; add
996 <literal>hw.mfi.mrsas_enable=1</literal> to
997 <filename>/boot/loader.conf</filename>, which turns off
998 &man.mfi.4; device probing.</para>
1001 <para>At this time, the &man.mfiutil.8; utility and the &os;
1002 version of <application>MegaCLI</application> and
1003 <application>StorCli</application> do not work with
1004 &man.mrsas.4;.</para>
1007 <para revision="275461" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ix;">The
1008 &man.ctl.4; subsystem has been updated, increasing the ports
1009 limit from <literal>128</literal> to <literal>256</literal>,
1010 and <acronym>LUN</acronym> limit from <literal>256</literal>
1011 to <literal>1024</literal>.</para>
1013 <para revision="276526">The <literal>asr(4)</literal> driver has
1014 been removed, and is no longer supported.</para>
1016 <para revision="281387">The &man.hptnr.4; driver has been
1017 updated to version 1.1.1.</para>
1020 <sect2 xml:id="drivers-network">
1021 <title>Network Drivers</title>
1023 <para revision="258830">Support for Broadcom chipsets BCM57764,
1024 BCM57767, BCM57782, BCM57786 and BCM57787 has been added to
1027 <para revision="260448">Support for the &intel; Centrino™
1028 Wireless-N 135 chipset has been added.</para>
1030 <para revision="260552">Firmware for &intel; Centrino™
1031 Wireless-N 105 devices has been added to the base
1034 <para revision="261975">The deprecated nve(4) driver has been
1035 removed. Users of NVIDIA nForce MCP network adapters are
1036 advised to use the &man.nfe.4; driver instead, which has been
1037 the default driver for this hardware since
1038 &os; 7.0.</para>
1040 <para revision="264601" contrib="sponsor"
1041 sponsor="&darpa_afrl;">The <literal>if_nf10bmac(4)</literal>
1042 device has been added, providing support for NetFPGA-10G
1043 Embedded CPU Ethernet Core.</para>
1046 <para>The <literal>if_nf10bmac(4)</literal> driver operates on
1047 the FPGA, and is not suited for the PCI host
1051 <para revision="265348" contrib="sponsor"
1052 sponsor="&netgate;">The &man.ath.hal.4; driver has been
1053 updated to support the Atheros AR1111 chipset.</para>
1055 <para revision="266770">Support for the &intel; Centrino™
1056 Wireless-N 105 chipset has been added.</para>
1058 <para revision="266757" contrib="sponsor"
1059 sponsor="&chelsio;">Support for the &man.cxgbe.4; Terminator
1060 5 (T5) 10G/40G cards has been added to &man.netmap.4;.</para>
1062 <para revision="272730">The &man.alc.4; driver has been updated
1063 to support AR816x and AR817x ethernet controllers.</para>
1065 <para revision="272906">The &man.pf.4; packet filter default hash
1066 has been changed from <literal>Jenkins</literal> to
1067 <literal>Murmur3</literal>, providing a 3-percent performance
1068 increase in packets-per-second.</para>
1070 <para revision="273331">The &man.vxlan.4; driver has been added,
1071 which creates a virtual Layer 2 (Ethernet) network overlaid in
1072 a Layer 3 (IP/UDP) network. The &man.vxlan.4; driver is
1073 analogous to &man.vlan.4;, but is designed to be better suited
1074 for large, multiple-tenant datacenter environments.</para>
1076 <para revision="274246" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&yandex;">The
1077 &man.gre.4; driver has been significantly overhauled, and has
1078 been split into two separate modules, &man.gre.4; and
1081 <para revision="278551">The &man.ral.4; driver has been updated
1082 to support the RT5390 and RT5392 chipsets.</para>
1084 <para revision="283514" contrib="sponsor"
1085 sponsor="&solarflare;">The &man.sfxge.4; driver has been
1086 updated to support Solarflare Flareon Ultra 7000-series
1089 <para revision="283766" contrib="sponsor"
1090 sponsor="&limelight;">The &man.em.4; driver has been updated
1091 with improved transmission queue hang detection.</para>
1093 <para revision="284125">The &man.cdce.4; driver has been updated
1094 to include support for the RTL8153 chipset.</para>
1098 <sect1 xml:id="hardware">
1099 <title>Hardware Support</title>
1101 <para>This section covers general hardware support for physical
1102 machines, hypervisors, and virtualization environments, as well
1103 as hardware changes and updates that do not otherwise fit in
1104 other sections of this document.</para>
1106 <sect2 xml:id="hardware-support">
1107 <title>Hardware Support</title>
1109 <para revision="268303">The &man.asmc.4; driver has been
1110 updated to support the &apple; MacMini 3,1.</para>
1112 <para revision="268351">Support for &os;/ia64 has been dropped
1113 as of &os; 11.</para>
1115 <para revision="274386">An issue that could cause a system to
1116 hang when entering <acronym>ACPI</acronym>
1117 <literal>S3</literal> state (suspend to
1118 <acronym>RAM</acronym>) has been corrected in the &man.acpi.4;
1119 and &man.pci.4; drivers.</para>
1121 <para revision="274733" arch="powerpc">The power management unit
1122 subsystem has been updated to support power button events on
1123 certain &arch.powerpc; hardware, such as aluminum
1124 PowerBook ®.</para>
1126 <para revision="275171,275190" arch="powerpc">The &man.hwpmc.4;
1127 driver has been updated to correct performance counter
1128 sampling on G4 (MPC74xxx) and G5 class processors.</para>
1130 <para revision="275732" contrib="sponsor"
1131 sponsor="&ff;,&netgate;">The
1132 <application>OpenCrypto</application> framework has been
1133 updated to include <literal>AES-ICM</literal> and
1134 <literal>AES-GCM</literal> modes, both of which have also been
1135 added to the &man.aesni.4; driver.</para>
1137 <para revision="281713" arch="powerpc">The &man.hwpmc.4;
1138 driver has been updated to support the Freescale e500
1141 <para revision="283766">The &man.ig4.4; driver has been added,
1142 providing support for the fourth generation &intel;
1143 <acronym>I2C</acronym> SMBus.</para>
1145 <para>The &man.uart.4; driver has been updated to support
1146 <acronym>AMT</acronym> devices on newer systems.</para>
1149 <sect2 xml:id="hardware-virtualization">
1150 <title>Virtualization Support</title>
1152 <para revision="260410">Support for the <quote>Virtual Interrupt
1153 Delivery</quote> feature of &intel; VT-x is enabled if
1154 supported by the CPU. This feature can be disabled by running
1155 <literal>sysctl hw.vmm.vmx.use_apic_vid=0</literal>.
1156 Additionally, to persist this setting across reboots, add
1157 <literal>hw.vmm.vmx.use_apic_vid=0</literal> to
1158 <filename>/etc/sysctl.conf</filename>.</para>
1160 <para revision="260532">Support for <quote>Posted Interrupt
1161 Processing</quote> is enabled if supported by the CPU. This
1162 feature can be disabled by running <literal>sysctl
1163 hw.vmm.vmx.use_apic_pir=0</literal>. Additionally, to
1164 persist this setting across reboots, add
1165 <literal>hw.vmm.vmx.use_apic_pir=0</literal> to
1166 <filename>/etc/sysctl.conf</filename>.</para>
1168 <para revision="260582">Unmapped IO support has been added to
1169 &man.virtio_blk.4;.</para>
1171 <para revision="260583">Unmapped IO support has been added to
1172 &man.virtio_scsi.4;.</para>
1174 <para revision="260847">The &man.virtio_random.4; driver has
1175 been added to harvest entropy from the host system.</para>
1177 <para revision="261504">&os;/&arch.i386; guests can be run under
1180 <para revision="267536" contrib="sponsor"
1181 sponsor="&citrix.rd;">Support for running a &os;/&arch.amd64;
1182 <application>Xen</application> guest instance as
1183 <acronym>PVH</acronym> guest has been added.
1184 <acronym>PVH</acronym> mode, short for <quote>Para-Virtualized
1185 Hardware</quote>, uses para-virtualized drivers for boot and
1186 I/O, and uses hardware virtualization extensions for all other
1187 tasks, without the need for emulation.</para>
1189 <para revision="273375">The &man.bhyve.8; hypervisor has been
1190 updated to support &amd; processors with
1191 <acronym>SVM</acronym> and <acronym>AMD-V</acronym> hardware
1194 <para revision="273515">The &man.virtio.console.4; driver has
1195 been added, which provides an interface to VirtIO console
1196 devices through a &man.tty.4; device.</para>
1198 <para revision="279957">The &man.bhyve.8; hypervisor has been
1199 updated to support <literal>DSM TRIM</literal> commands for
1200 virtual <acronym>AHCI</acronym> disks.</para>
1202 <para revision="281439" arch="arm">Support for the
1203 <application>QEMU</application> <literal>virt</literal> system
1204 has been added.</para>
1206 <para revision="282212" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&msostc;">The
1207 Hyper-V™ drivers have been updated with several
1208 enhancements:</para>
1212 <para>The &man.hv.vmbus.4; driver now has multi-channel
1217 <para>The &man.hv.storvsc.4; driver now has scatter/gather
1218 support, in addition to performance improvements.</para>
1222 <para>The &man.hv.kvp.4; driver has received several bug
1227 <para revision="282274">Support for &man.xen.4; para-virtualized
1228 <literal>domU</literal> kernels has been removed.</para>
1230 <para revision="284746" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&msostc;">The
1231 &man.hv.netvsc.4; driver has been updated to support checksum
1232 offloading and <acronym>TSO</acronym>.</para>
1235 <sect2 xml:id="hardware-arm">
1236 <title>ARM Support</title>
1238 <para revision="260921">The &man.nand.4; device is enabled for
1239 ARM devices by default.</para>
1241 <para revision="266943" arch="arm">Support for the Exynos 5420
1242 Octa system has been added.</para>
1244 <para revision="267390" arch="arm">The <acronym>SMP</acronym>
1245 option has been enabled for all Exynos 5 systems supported by
1248 <para revision="268838" arch="arm">Support for the Toradex
1249 Apalis i.MX6 development board has been added.</para>
1251 <para revision="273264" arch="armv6">An issue that could cause
1252 instability when detecting <acronym>SD</acronym> cards on the
1253 Raspberry Pi <acronym>SOC</acronym> has been fixed.</para>
1255 <para revision="275963">The <literal>bcm2835_cpufreq</literal>
1256 driver has been added, which supports <acronym>CPU</acronym>
1257 frequency and voltage control on the Raspberry Pi
1258 <acronym>SOC</acronym>.</para>
1260 <para revision="277042" arch="arm">Support to turn off the
1261 BeagleBone Black system with the &man.shutdown.8;
1262 <literal>-p</literal> flag or by invoking &man.poweroff.8; has
1265 <para revision="277644" arch="arm">Audio transmission drivers
1266 have been added for Digital Audio Multiplexer
1267 (<acronym>AUDMUXM</acronym>), Smart Direct Memory Access
1268 Controller (<acronym>SDMA</acronym>), and Syncronous Serial
1269 Interface (<acronym>SSI</acronym>).</para>
1271 <para revision="280259" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ff;">Initial
1272 support for the ARM AArch64 architecture has been
1275 <para revision="282779" arch="arm">Kernel support for Thumb-2
1276 userland has been added.</para>
1278 <para revision="282827">Support for the hardware power button
1279 on the BeagleBone Black system has been added.</para>
1281 <para revision="284273" contrib="sponsor"
1282 sponsor="&ff;">Initial
1283 <acronym>ACPI</acronym> support has been added for
1284 &os;/&arch.arm64;.</para>
1288 <sect1 xml:id="storage">
1289 <title>Storage</title>
1291 <para>This section covers changes and additions to file systems
1292 and other storage subsystems, both local and networked.</para>
1294 <sect2 xml:id="storage-general">
1295 <title>General Storage</title>
1297 <para revision="278037" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ix;">The
1298 &man.ctl.4; <acronym>LUN</acronym> mapping has been rewritten,
1299 replacing <acronym>iSCSI</acronym>-specific mapping mechanisms
1300 with a new mechanism that works for any port.</para>
1302 <para revision="278354" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ix;">The
1303 &man.ctld.8; utility has been updated to allow controlling
1304 non-<acronym>iSCSI</acronym> &man.ctl.4; ports.</para>
1306 <para revision="275681" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ff;">The
1307 &man.autofs.5; subsystem has been updated to include a new
1308 &man.auto.master.5; map, <literal>-media</literal>, which
1309 allows automatically mounting removable media, such as
1310 <acronym>CD</acronym> drives or <acronym>USB</acronym> flash
1313 <para revision="279955" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ff;">The
1314 &man.autofs.5; subsystem has been updated to include a new
1315 &man.auto.master.5; map, <literal>-noauto</literal>, which
1316 handles &man.fstab.5; entries set to
1317 <literal>noauto</literal>.</para>
1320 <sect2 xml:id="storage-net">
1321 <title>Networked Storage</title>
1323 <para revision="270096" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ff;">The new
1324 filesystem automount facility, &man.autofs.5;, has been added.
1325 The new &man.autofs.5; facility is similar to that found in
1326 other &unix;-like operating systems, such as OS X™
1327 and Solaris™. The &man.autofs.5; facility uses
1328 a &sun;-compatible &man.auto.master.5; configuration file, and
1329 is administered with the &man.automount.8; userland utility,
1330 and the &man.automountd.8; and &man.autounmountd.8;
1333 <para revision="273849" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ff;">Support
1334 for the <literal>timeo</literal>, <literal>actimeo</literal>,
1335 <literal>noac</literal>, and <literal>proto</literal> options
1336 have been added to &man.mount.nfs.8;.</para>
1339 <sect2 xml:id="storage-zfs">
1342 <para revision="275748">The <literal>arc_meta_limit</literal>
1343 statistics are now visible through the
1344 <literal>kstat</literal> &man.sysctl.8;. As a result of this
1345 change, the <literal>vfs.zfs.arc_meta_used</literal>
1346 &man.sysctl.8; has been removed, and replaced with the
1347 <literal>kstat.zfs.misc.arcstats.arc_meta_used</literal>
1348 &man.sysctl.8;.</para>
1351 <sect2 xml:id="storage-geom">
1352 <title>&man.geom.4;</title>
1354 <para revision="267359">Support for the
1355 <literal>disklabel64</literal> partitioning scheme has been
1356 added to &man.gpart.8;.</para>
1358 <para revision="282465">Support for the
1359 <literal>apple-boot</literal>, <literal>apple-hfs</literal>,
1360 and <literal>apple-ufs</literal> <acronym>MBR</acronym>
1361 partitioning schemes have been added to &man.gpart.8;.</para>
1365 <sect1 xml:id="boot">
1366 <title>Boot Loader Changes</title>
1368 <para>This section covers the boot loader, boot menu, and other
1369 boot-related changes.</para>
1371 <sect2 xml:id="boot-loader">
1372 <title>Boot Loader Changes</title>
1374 <para revision="258431" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ff;">The
1375 memory test run at boot time on &os;/&arch.amd64; platforms
1376 has been disabled by default.</para>
1378 <para revision="262955">A new &man.ttys.5; class,
1379 <literal>3wire</literal>, has been added. This is similar to
1380 the existing terminal classes, but does not have a defined
1383 <para revision="274085">The &man.vt.4; driver has been made the
1384 default system console driver. The &man.syscons.4; driver is
1385 still available, and can be enabled by adding
1386 <literal>kern.vty=sc</literal> in &man.loader.conf.5;.
1387 Alternatively, &man.syscons.4; can be enabled at boot time by
1388 entering <literal>set kern.vty=sc</literal> at the
1389 &man.loader.8; prompt.</para>
1391 <para revision="279950">Support for <literal>bzipfs</literal>
1392 has been added to the <acronym>EFI</acronym> loader.</para>
1394 <para revision="281616">The boot loader has been updated to
1395 support entering the <acronym>GELI</acronym> passphrase before
1396 loading the kernel. To enable this behavior, add
1397 <literal>geom_eli_passphrase_prompt="YES"</literal> to
1398 &man.loader.conf.5;.</para>
1400 <para revision="284683" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ff;"
1401 arch="arm">The &man.ttys.5; file for &os;/&arch.arm; has been
1402 updated to enable <filename>ttyu1</filename>,
1403 <filename>ttyu2</filename>, and <filename>ttyu3</filename> by
1404 default, if the callin port is an active console port.</para>
1407 <sect2 xml:id="boot-menu">
1408 <title>Boot Menu Changes</title>
1414 <sect1 xml:id="network">
1415 <title>Networking</title>
1417 <para>This section describes changes that affect networking in
1420 <sect2 xml:id="network-protocols">
1421 <title>Network Protocols</title>
1423 <para revision="263140">Support for the IPX network transport
1424 protocol has been removed, and will not be supported in
1425 &os; 11 and later releases.</para>
1427 <para revision="272720" contrib="sponsor"
1428 sponsor="&limelight;">Support for <acronym>PLPMTUD</acronym>
1429 blackhole detection (<acronym>RFC</acronym> 4821) has been
1430 added to the &man.tcp.4; stack, disabled by default. New
1431 control tunables have been added:</para>
1433 <informaltable frame="none" pgwide="0">
1435 <colspec colwidth="1*"/>
1436 <colspec colwidth="1*"/>
1439 <entry>Tunable</entry>
1440 <entry>Description</entry>
1446 <entry><literal>net.inet.tcp.pmtud_blackhole_detection</literal></entry>
1447 <entry>Enables or disables <acronym>PLPMTUD</acronym>
1448 blackhole detection</entry>
1452 <entry><literal>net.inet.tcp.pmtud_blackhole_mss</literal></entry>
1453 <entry><acronym>MSS</acronym> to try for IPv4</entry>
1457 <entry><literal>net.inet.tcp.v6pmtud_blackhole_mss</literal></entry>
1458 <entry><acronym>MSS to try for IPv6</acronym></entry>
1464 <para>New monitoring &man.sysctl.8;s haven been added:</para>
1466 <informaltable frame="none" pgwide="0">
1468 <colspec colwidth="1*"/>
1469 <colspec colwidth="1*"/>
1472 <entry>Tunable</entry>
1473 <entry>Description</entry>
1479 <entry><literal>net.inet.tcp.pmtud_blackhole_activated</literal></entry>
1480 <entry>Number of times the code was activated to attempt
1481 downshifting the <acronym>MSS</acronym></entry>
1485 <entry><literal>net.inet.tcp.pmtud_blackhole_min_activated</literal></entry>
1486 <entry>Number of times the blackhole
1487 <acronym>MSS</acronym> was used in an attempt to
1492 <entry><literal>net.inet.tcp.pmtud_blackhole_failed</literal></entry>
1493 <entry>Number of times that the blackhole failed to
1494 connect after downshifting the
1495 <acronym>MSS</acronym></entry>
1501 <para revision="280971" contrib="sponsor"
1502 sponsor="&netflix;, &nginx;">Support for <acronym>IP</acronym>
1503 identification for atomic datagrams (<acronym>RFC</acronym>
1504 6864) has been added. Support for this feature can be toggled
1505 with the <literal>net.inet.ip.rfc6864</literal>
1506 &man.sysctl.8;, which is enabled by default.</para>
1510 <sect1 xml:id="ports">
1511 <title>Ports Collection and Package Infrastructure</title>
1513 <para>This section covers changes to the &os; Ports
1514 Collection, package infrastructure, and package maintenance and
1515 installation tools.</para>
1517 <sect2 xml:id="ports-infrastructure">
1518 <title>Infrastructure Changes</title>
1523 <sect2 xml:id="ports-packages ">
1524 <title>Packaging Changes</title>
1530 <sect1 xml:id="doc">
1531 <title>Documentation</title>
1533 <para>This section covers changes to the &os; Documentation
1534 Project sources and toolchain.</para>
1536 <sect2 xml:id="doc-sources">
1537 <title>Documentation Source Changes</title>
1542 <sect2 xml:id="doc-toolchain">
1543 <title>Documentation Toolchain Changes</title>
1549 <sect1 xml:id="releng">
1550 <title>Release Engineering and Integration</title>
1552 <para>This section convers changes that are specific to the
1553 &os; Release Engineering processes.</para>
1555 <sect2 xml:id="releng-changes">
1556 <title>Integration Changes</title>
1558 <para revision="277458" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ff;">The
1559 Release Engineering build tools have been updated to include
1560 support for producing virtual machine disk images for various
1561 cloud hosting providers.</para>
1563 <para revision="278926">The Release Engineering build tools have
1564 been updated to use multi-threaded &man.xz.1;. By default,
1565 the number of &man.xz.1; threads is set to the number of cores
1568 <para revision="281802" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ff;">The
1569 Release Engineering build tools have been updated to include
1570 support for building &os;/&arch.arm64; virtual machine and
1571 memory stick installation images.</para>
1573 <para revision="282693" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ff;">The
1574 Release Engineering build tools have been updated to support
1575 building &os;/&arch.arm; images without external utilities for
1576 supported boards where a corresponding
1577 <literal>u-boot</literal> port exists in the Ports
1580 <para revision="283307" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ff;">The
1581 &os;/&arch.i386; memory stick installation images are now
1582 created using the &man.mkimg.1; utility, matching the way
1583 the &os;/&arch.amd64; images are created.</para>