release/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/relnotes/article.xml

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   4 <!ENTITY % release PUBLIC "-//FreeBSD//ENTITIES Release Specification//EN" "release.ent">
   5  %release;
   6 <!ENTITY % sponsor PUBLIC "-//FreeBSD//ENTITIES Sponsor Specification//EN" "sponsor.ent">
   7  %sponsor;
   8 <!ENTITY % vendor PUBLIC "-//FreeBSD//ENTITIES Vendor Specification//EN" "vendor.ent">
   9  %vendor;
  10 <!ENTITY security SYSTEM "../../share/xml/security.xml">
  11 <!ENTITY errata SYSTEM "../../share/xml/errata.xml">
  12 ]>
  13 <article xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook"
  14   xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" version="5.0">
  15
  16   <info>
  17     <title>&os; &release.current; Release Notes</title>
  18
  19     <author>
  20       <orgname>The &os; Project</orgname>
  21     </author>
  22
  23     <pubdate>$FreeBSD$</pubdate>
  24
  25     <!-- Last rev: 278934 -->
  26
  27     <copyright>
  28       <year>2015</year>
  29       <holder role="mailto:doc@FreeBSD.org">The &os; Documentation
  30         Project</holder>
  31     </copyright>
  32
  33     <legalnotice xml:id="trademarks" role="trademarks">
  34       &tm-attrib.freebsd;
  35       &tm-attrib.ibm;
  36       &tm-attrib.ieee;
  37       &tm-attrib.intel;
  38       &tm-attrib.sparc;
  39       &tm-attrib.general;
  40     </legalnotice>
  41
  42     <abstract>
  43       <para>The release notes for &os; &release.current; contain
  44         a summary of the changes made to the &os; base system on the
  45         &release.branch; development line.  This document lists
  46         applicable security advisories that were issued since the last
  47         release, as well as significant changes to the &os; kernel and
  48         userland.  Some brief remarks on upgrading are also
  49         presented.</para>
  50     </abstract>
  51   </info>
  52
  53   <sect1 xml:id="intro">
  54     <title>Introduction</title>
  55
  56     <para>This document contains the release notes for &os;
  57       &release.current;.  It describes recently added, changed, or
  58       deleted features of &os;.  It also provides some notes on
  59       upgrading from previous versions of &os;.</para>
  60
  61     <para releasetype="current">The &release.type; distribution to
  62       which these release notes apply represents the latest point
  63       along the &release.branch; development branch since
  64       &release.branch; was created.  Information regarding pre-built,
  65       binary &release.type; distributions along this branch can be
  66       found at <uri
  67         xlink:href="&release.url;">&release.url;</uri>.</para>
  68
  69     <para releasetype="snapshot">The &release.type; distribution to
  70       which these release notes apply represents a point along the
  71       &release.branch; development branch between &release.prev; and
  72       the future &release.next;.  Information regarding pre-built,
  73       binary &release.type; distributions along this branch can be
  74       found at <uri
  75         xlink:href="&release.url;">&release.url;</uri>.</para>
  76
  77     <para releasetype="release">This distribution of &os;
  78       &release.current; is a &release.type; distribution.  It can be
  79       found at <uri xlink:href="&release.url;">&release.url;</uri> or
  80       any of its mirrors.  More information on obtaining this (or
  81       other) &release.type; distributions of &os; can be found in the
  82       <link
  83         xlink:href="&url.books.handbook;/mirrors.html"><quote>Obtaining
  84           &os;</quote> appendix</link> to the <link
  85         xlink:href="&url.books.handbook;/">&os;
  86         Handbook</link>.</para>
  87
  88     <para>All users are encouraged to consult the release errata
  89       before installing &os;.  The errata document is updated with
  90       <quote>late-breaking</quote> information discovered late in the
  91       release cycle or after the release.  Typically, it contains
  92       information on known bugs, security advisories, and corrections
  93       to documentation.  An up-to-date copy of the errata for &os;
  94       &release.current; can be found on the &os; Web site.</para>
  95
  96     <para>This document describes the most user-visible new or changed
  97       features in &os; since &release.prev;.  In general, changes
  98       described here are unique to the &release.branch; branch unless
  99       specifically marked as &merged; features.</para>
 100
 101     <para>Typical release note items document recent security
 102       advisories issued after &release.prev;, new drivers or hardware
 103       support, new commands or options, major bug fixes, or
 104       contributed software upgrades.  They may also list changes to
 105       major ports/packages or release engineering practices.  Clearly
 106       the release notes cannot list every single change made to &os;
 107       between releases; this document focuses primarily on security
 108       advisories, user-visible changes, and major architectural
 109       improvements.</para>
 110   </sect1>
 111
 112   <sect1 xml:id="upgrade">
 113     <title>Upgrading from Previous Releases of &os;</title>
 114
 115     <para arch="amd64,i386">Binary upgrades between RELEASE versions
 116       (and snapshots of the various security branches) are supported
 117       using the &man.freebsd-update.8; utility.  The binary upgrade
 118       procedure will update unmodified userland utilities, as well as
 119       unmodified GENERIC kernels distributed as a part of an official
 120       &os; release.  The &man.freebsd-update.8; utility requires that
 121       the host being upgraded have Internet connectivity.</para>
 122
 123     <para>Source-based upgrades (those based on recompiling the &os;
 124       base system from source code) from previous versions are
 125       supported, according to the instructions in
 126       <filename>/usr/src/UPDATING</filename>.</para>
 127
 128     <important>
 129       <para>Upgrading &os; should only be attempted after backing up
 130         <emphasis>all</emphasis> data and configuration files.</para>
 131     </important>
 132   </sect1>
 133
 134   <sect1 xml:id="security-errata">
 135     <title>Security and Errata</title>
 136
 137     <para>This section lists the various Security Advisories and
 138       Errata Notices since &release.prev;.</para>
 139
 140     <sect2 xml:id="security">
 141       <title>Security Advisories</title>
 142
 143       &security;
 144     </sect2>
 145
 146     <sect2 xml:id="errata">
 147       <title>Errata Notices</title>
 148
 149       &errata;
 150     </sect2>
 151   </sect1>
 152
 153   <sect1 xml:id="userland">
 154     <title>Userland</title>
 155
 156     <para>This section covers changes and additions to userland
 157       applications, contributed software, and system utilities.</para>
 158
 159     <sect2 xml:id="userland-config">
 160       <title>Userland Configuration Changes</title>
 161
 162       <para revision="266463">The default &man.newsyslog.conf.5; now
 163         includes files in the
 164         <filename>/etc/newsyslog.conf.d/</filename> and
 165         <filename>/usr/local/etc/newsyslog.conf.d/</filename>
 166         directories by default for &man.newsyslog.8;.</para>
 167
 168       <para revision="270675">The &man.mailwrapper.8; utility has been
 169         updated to use &man.mailer.conf.5; from the
 170         <literal>LOCALBASE</literal> environment variable, which
 171         defaults to <filename class="directory">/usr/local</filename>
 172         if unset.</para>
 173
 174       <para revision="272350">The <literal>MK_ARM_EABI</literal>
 175         &man.src.conf.5; option has been removed.</para>
 176     </sect2>
 177
 178     <sect2 xml:id="userland-programs">
 179       <title>Userland Application Changes</title>
 180
 181       <para revision="258838" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ff;,
 182         &google;" sponsorurl="">The &man.casperd.8; daemon has been
 183         added, which provides access to functionality that is not
 184         available in the <quote>capability mode</quote>
 185         sandbox.</para>
 186
 187       <para revision="260594">When unable to load a kernel module with
 188         &man.kldload.8;, a message informing to view output of
 189         &man.dmesg.8; is now printed, opposed to the previous output
 190         <quote>Exec format error.</quote>.</para>
 191
 192       <para revision="260910">Allow &man.pciconf.8; to identify PCI
 193         devices that are attached to a driver to be identified by
 194         their device name instead of just the selector.  Additionally,
 195         an optional device argument to the <literal>-l</literal> flag
 196         to restrict the output to only listing details about a single
 197         device.</para>
 198
 199       <para revision="260913">A new flag, <quote>onifconsole</quote>
 200         has been added to <filename>/etc/ttys</filename>.  This allows
 201         the system to provide a login prompt via serial console if the
 202         device is an active kernel console, otherwise it is equivalent
 203         to <literal>off</literal>.</para>
 204
 205       <para revision="260926">Support for displaying VPD for PCI
 206         devices via &man.pciconf.8; has been added.</para>
 207
 208       <para revision="261498">&man.ping.8; protects against malicious
 209         network packets using the Capsicum framework to drop
 210         privileges.</para>
 211
 212       <para revision="265229">The &man.ps.1; utility has been
 213         updated to include the <literal>-J</literal> flag, used to
 214         filter output by matching &man.jail.8; IDs and names.
 215         Additionally, argument <literal>0</literal> can be used to
 216         <literal>-J</literal> to only list processes running on the
 217         host system.</para>
 218
 219       <para revision="265249">The &man.top.1; utility has been updated
 220         to filter by &man.jail.8; ID or name, in followup to the
 221         &man.ps.1; change in <literal>r265229</literal>.</para>
 222
 223       <para revision="265995">The Blowfish &man.crypt.3; default
 224         format has been changed to
 225         <literal>&dollar;2b&dollar;</literal>.</para>
 226
 227       <para revision="266209">The &man.pmcstat.8; utility has been
 228         updated to include a new flag, <literal>-l</literal>, which
 229         ends event collection after the specified number of
 230         seconds.</para>
 231
 232       <para revision="270745">The &man.ps.1; utility has been updated
 233         to include a new keyword, <quote>tracer</quote>, which
 234         displays the <acronym>PID</acronym> of the tracing
 235         process.</para>
 236
 237       <para revision="271482">Support for adding empty partitions has
 238         been added to the &man.mkimg.1; utility.</para>
 239
 240       <para revision="272166">The &man.primes.6; utility has been
 241         updated to correctly enumerate prime numbers between
 242         <literal>4295098369</literal> and
 243         <literal>3825123056546413050</literal>, which prior to this
 244         change, it would be possible for returned values to be
 245         incorrectly identified as prime numbers.</para>
 246
 247       <para revision="272198">The &man.mkimg.1; utility has been
 248         updated to include three options used to print information
 249         about &man.mkimg.1; itself:</para>
 250
 251       <informaltable frame="none" pgwide="0">
 252         <tgroup cols="2">
 253           <colspec colwidth="1*"/>
 254           <colspec colwidth="1*"/>
 255           <thead>
 256             <row>
 257               <entry>Option</entry>
 258               <entry>Output</entry>
 259             </row>
 260           </thead>
 261
 262           <tbody>
 263             <row>
 264               <entry><literal>--version</literal></entry>
 265               <entry>The current version of the &man.mkimg.1;
 266                 utility</entry>
 267             </row>
 268
 269             <row>
 270               <entry><literal>--formats</literal></entry>
 271               <entry>The disk image file formats supported by
 272                 &man.mkimg.1;</entry>
 273             </row>
 274
 275             <row>
 276               <entry><literal>--schemes</literal></entry>
 277               <entry>The partition schemes supported by
 278                 &man.mkimg.1;</entry>
 279             </row>
 280           </tbody>
 281         </tgroup>
 282       </informaltable>
 283
 284       <para revision="272488">Userland &man.ctf.5; support in
 285         &man.dtrace.1; has been added.  With this change,
 286         &man.dtrace.1; is able to resolve type info for function and
 287         <acronym>USDT</acronym> probe arguments, and function return
 288         values.</para>
 289
 290       <para revision="274960">The &man.elfdump.1; utility has been
 291         updated to support capability mode provided by
 292         &man.capsicum.4;.</para>
 293
 294       <para revision="275680" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ff;">The
 295         &man.fstyp.8; utility has been added, which is used to
 296         determine the filesystem on a specified device.</para>
 297
 298       <para revision="276881">The <literal>libedit</literal> library
 299         has been updated to support <acronym>UTF</acronym>-8, which
 300         additionally provides unicode support to &man.sh.1;.</para>
 301
 302       <para revision="277166" arch="powerpc">The &man.ptrace.2; system
 303         call has been updated include support for Altivec registers on
 304         &os;/&arch.powerpc;.</para>
 305
 306       <para revision="278320">A new device control utility,
 307         &man.devctl.8; has been added, which allows making
 308         administrative changes to individual devices, such as
 309         attaching and detaching drivers, and enabling and disabling
 310         devices.  The &man.devctl.8; utility uses the new
 311         &man.devctl.3; library.</para>
 312
 313       <para revision="279315" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ff;">The
 314         &man.uefisign.8; utility has been added.</para>
 315
 316       <para revision="279571" contrib="sponsor"
 317         sponsor="&scaleengine;">The &man.freebsd-update.8; utility has
 318         been updated to prevent fetching updated binary patches when
 319         a previous upgrade has not been throughly completed.</para>
 320
 321       <para revision="279122" contrib="sponsor"
 322         sponsor="&juniper;">The &man.netstat.1; utility has been
 323         updated to link against the &man.libxo.3; shared
 324         library.</para>
 325     </sect2>
 326
 327     <sect2 xml:id="userland-contrib">
 328       <title>Contributed Software</title>
 329
 330       <para revision="258884" contrib="sponsor"
 331         sponsor="&darpa_afrl;">&man.lldb.1; has been updated to
 332         upstream snapshot version r196259.</para>
 333
 334       <para revision="259626">Timezone data files have been updated to
 335         version 2013i.</para>
 336
 337       <para revision="260445">&man.byacc.1; has been updated to
 338         version 20140101.</para>
 339
 340       <para revision="261071">&man.jemalloc.3; has been updated to
 341         version 3.5.0.</para>
 342
 343       <para revision="261283"><application>libc++</application> has
 344         been updated to version 3.4.</para>
 345
 346       <para revision="261320"><application>OpenSSH</application> has
 347         been updated to 6.5p1.</para>
 348
 349       <para revision="261344"><application>mdocml</application> has
 350         been updated to version 1.12.3.</para>
 351
 352       <para revision="261991"><application>LLVM</application> and
 353         <application>Clang</application> have been updated to
 354         version 3.4.</para>
 355
 356       <para revision="266527"
 357         role="merged"><application>Sendmail</application> has been
 358         updated from 8.14.7 to 8.14.9.</para>
 359
 360       <para revision="276577"><application>file</application> has been
 361         updated to version 5.22.</para>
 362
 363       <para revision="275718">The <application>binutils</application>
 364         suite of utilities has been updated to include upstream
 365         patches that add new relocations for &arch.powerpc;
 366         support.</para>
 367
 368       <para revision="276398" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ff;">The
 369         <application>ELF Tool Chain</application> has been updated to
 370         upstream revision r3136.</para>
 371
 372       <para revision="276551">The <application>texinfo</application>
 373         utility and <literal>info</literal> pages were removed from
 374         the base system.  The <filename
 375           role="package">print/texinfo</filename> port should be
 376         installed on systems where <literal>info</literal> pages are
 377         needed.</para>
 378
 379       <para revision="276796" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ff;">The ELF
 380         object manipulation tools
 381         <application>addr2line</application>,
 382         <application>elfcopy (strip)</application>,
 383         <application>nm</application>,
 384         <application>size</application>, and
 385         <application>strings</application> were switched to the
 386         versions from the ELF Tool Chain project.</para>
 387
 388       <para revision="276881">The <literal>libedit</literal> library
 389         has been updated to include <acronym>UTF-8</acronym> support,
 390         adding <acronym>UTF-8</acronym> support to the &man.sh.1;
 391         shell.</para>
 392
 393       <para revision="277270"><application>OpenSSL</application> has
 394         been updated to version 1.0.1l.</para>
 395
 396       <para revision="278433">The &man.xz.1; utility has been updated
 397         to support multi-threaded compression.</para>
 398
 399       <para revision="278970">The &man.acpi.4; subsystem has been
 400         updated to version 20150204.</para>
 401
 402       <para revision="281316">The &man.xz.1; utility has been udpated
 403         to version 5.2.1.</para>
 404
 405       <para revision="281373">The &man.nvi.1; utility has been updated
 406         to version 2.1.3.</para>
 407
 408       <para revision="281806">The &man.wpa.supplicant.8; and
 409         &man.hostapd.8; utilties have been updated to version
 410         2.4.</para>
 411
 412       <para revision="281812"><application>bmake</application> has
 413         been updated to version 20150418.</para>
 414
 415       <para revision="282089">The &man.unbound.8; utility has been
 416         updated to version 1.5.3.</para>
 417     </sect2>
 418
 419     <sect2 xml:id="userland-installer">
 420       <title>Installation and Configuration Tools</title>
 421
 422       <para revision="271539">The &man.bsdinstall.8; partition editor
 423         and &man.sade.8; utility have been updated to include native
 424         <acronym>ZFS</acronym> support.</para>
 425
 426       <para revision="272274">The &os; installation utility,
 427         &man.bsdinstall.8;, has been updated to set the
 428         <literal>canmount</literal> &man.zfs.8; property to
 429         <literal>off</literal> for the <filename
 430           class="directory">/var</filename> dataset, preventing the
 431         contents of directories within <filename
 432           class="directory">/var</filename> from conflicting when
 433         using multiple boot environments, such as that provided by
 434         <filename role="package">sysutils/beadm</filename>.</para>
 435
 436       <para revision="274394">The &man.bsdconfig.8; utility has been
 437         updated to skip the initial &man.tzsetup.8;
 438         <acronym>UTC</acronym> versus wall-clock time prompt when run
 439         in a virtual machine, determined when the
 440         <literal>kern.vm_guest</literal> &man.sysctl.8; is set to
 441         <literal>1</literal>.</para>
 442
 443       <para revision="275874">The &man.bsdinstall.8; utility has been
 444         updated to use the new &man.dpv.3; library to display progress
 445         when extracting the &os; distributions.</para>
 446     </sect2>
 447
 448     <sect2 xml:id="userland-rc">
 449       <title><filename class="directory">/etc/rc.d</filename>
 450         Scripts</title>
 451
 452       <para revision="270676">The &man.rc.8; subsystem has been
 453         updated to allow configuring services in <filename
 454           class="directory">&dollar;{LOCALBASE}/etc/rc.conf.d/</filename>.
 455         If <literal>LOCALBASE</literal> is unset, it defaults to
 456         <filename class="directory">/usr/local</filename>.</para>
 457
 458       <para revision="275299">The <filename>mrouted</filename>
 459         &man.rc.8; script has been removed from the base system.  An
 460         equivalent script is available from the <filename
 461           role="package">net/mrouted</filename> port.</para>
 462
 463       <para revision="279463" contrib="sponsor"
 464         sponsor="&sandvine;">A new &man.rc.8; script,
 465         <filename>iovctl</filename>, has been added, which allows
 466         automatically starting the &man.iovctl.8; utility at
 467         boot.</para>
 468     </sect2>
 469
 470     <sect2 xml:id="userland-periodic">
 471       <title><filename class="directory">/etc/periodic</filename>
 472         Scripts</title>
 473
 474       <para revision="271321">The daily &man.periodic.8; script
 475         <filename>110.clean-tmps</filename> has been updated to avoid
 476         crossing filesystem mount boundaries when cleaning files in
 477         <filename class="directory">/tmp</filename>.</para>
 478     </sect2>
 479
 480     <sect2 xml:id="userland-libraries">
 481       <title>Runtime Libraries and API</title>
 482
 483       <para revision="268461">The &man.readline.3; library is now
 484         statically linked in software within the base system, and the
 485         shared library is no longer installed, allowing the Ports
 486         Collection to use a modern version of the library.</para>
 487
 488       <para revision="272273">The &man.strptime.3; library has been
 489         updated to add support for <acronym>POSIX</acronym>-2001
 490         features <literal>%U</literal> and
 491         <literal>%W</literal>.</para>
 492
 493       <para revision="272842,272848" contrib="sponsor"
 494         sponsor="&ff;">The &man.dl.iterate.phdr.3; library has been
 495         changed to always return the path name of the
 496         <acronym>ELF</acronym> object in the
 497         <literal>dlpi_name</literal> structure member.</para>
 498
 499       <para revision="273562" contrib="sponsor"
 500         sponsor="&juniper;">The &man.libxo.3; library has been
 501         imported to the base system.</para>
 502
 503       <para revision="273806" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&chelsio;">A
 504         userland library for Chelsio Terminator 5 based iWARP cards
 505         has been added, allowing userland <acronym>RDMA</acronym>
 506         applications to work over compatible
 507         <acronym>NIC</acronym>s.</para>
 508
 509       <para revision="274987">The &man.gpio.3; library has been added,
 510         providing a wrapper around the &man.gpio.4; kernel
 511         interface.</para>
 512
 513       <para revision="277610">The <literal>futimens()</literal> and
 514         <literal>utimensat()</literal> system calls have been
 515         added.  See &man.utimensat.2; for more information.</para>
 516
 517       <para revision="278934">The &man.elf.3; compile-time dependency
 518         has been removed from <filename>dtri.o</filename>, which
 519         allows adding <application>DTrace</application> probes to
 520         userland applications and libraries without also linking
 521         against &man.elf.3;.</para>
 522
 523       <para revision="279186">The &man.setmode.3; function has been
 524         updated to consistently set <literal>errno</literal> on
 525         failure.</para>
 526
 527       <para revision="279663">The &man.qsort.3; functions have been
 528         updated to be able to handle 32-bit aligned data on 64-bit
 529         platforms, also providing a significant improvement in 32-bit
 530         workloads.</para>
 531     </sect2>
 532
 533     <sect2 xml:id="userland-abi">
 534       <title>ABI Compatibility</title>
 535
 536       <para revision="271982">The &linux; compatibility version has
 537         been updated to <literal>2.6.18</literal>.  The
 538         <literal>compat.linux.osrelease</literal> &man.sysctl.8; is
 539         evaluated when building the <filename
 540           role="package">emulators/linux-c6</filename> and related
 541         ports.</para>
 542     </sect2>
 543   </sect1>
 544
 545   <sect1 xml:id="kernel">
 546     <title>Kernel</title>
 547
 548     <para>This section covers changes to kernel configurations, system
 549       tuning, and system control parameters that are not otherwise
 550       categorized.</para>
 551
 552     <sect2 xml:id="kernel-bugfix">
 553       <title>Kernel Bug Fixes</title>
 554
 555       <para revision="265876">A kernel bug that inhibited proper
 556         functionality of the <literal>dev.cpu.0.freq</literal>
 557         &man.sysctl.8; on &intel; processors with Turbo
 558         Boost&nbsp;&trade; enabled has been fixed.</para>
 559
 560       <para revision="271697" arch="powerpc">Support for
 561         &man.dtrace.1; stack tracing has been fixed for
 562         &os;/&arch.powerpc;, using the <literal>trapexit()</literal>
 563         and <literal>asttrapexit()</literal> functions instead of
 564         checking within addressed kernel space.</para>
 565
 566       <para revision="272089">A bug in &man.ipfw.4; that could
 567         potentially lead to a kernel panic when using &man.dummynet.4;
 568         at layer 2 has been fixed.</para>
 569     </sect2>
 570
 571     <sect2 xml:id="kernel-config">
 572       <title>Kernel Configuration</title>
 573
 574       <para revision="266531">The <literal>IMAGACT_BINMISC</literal>
 575         kernel configuration option has been enabled by default,
 576         which enables application execution through emulators, such
 577         as <application>Qemu</application>.</para>
 578
 579       <para revision="268045">The <literal>VT</literal> kernel
 580         configuration file has been removed, and the &man.vt.4;
 581         driver is included in the <literal>GENERIC</literal> kernel.
 582         To enable &man.vt.4;, enter <literal>set kern.vty=vt</literal>
 583         at the &man.loader.8; prompt during boot, or add
 584         <literal>kern.vty=vt</literal> to &man.loader.conf.5; and
 585         reboot the system.</para>
 586
 587       <para revision="277904">The &man.config.8; utility has been
 588         updated to allow using a non-standard <filename
 589           class="directory">src/</filename> tree, specified as an
 590         argument to the <literal>-s</literal> flag.</para>
 591
 592       <para revision="277990" arch="powerpc64">The
 593         &os;/&arch.powerpc64; kernel now builds as
 594         a position-independent executable, allowing the kernel to be
 595         loaded into and run from any physical or virtual
 596         address.</para>
 597
 598       <important>
 599         <para>This change requires an update to &man.loader.8;.
 600           The userland and kernel must be updated before rebooting the
 601           system.</para>
 602       </important>
 603
 604       <para revision="279189" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ff;"
 605         arch="powerpc">Kernel support for Vector-Scalar eXtension
 606         (<acronym>VSX</acronym>) found on POWER7 and POWER8 hardware
 607         has been added.</para>
 608
 609       <para revision="279252" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ff;"
 610         arch="powerpc">The &man.pmap.9; implementation for 64-bit
 611         &powerpc; processors has been overhaulded to improve
 612         concurrency.</para>
 613     </sect2>
 614
 615     <sect2 xml:id="kernel-sysctl">
 616       <title>System Tuning and Controls</title>
 617
 618       <para revision="275140" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ff;">The
 619         &man.hwpmc.4; default and maximum callchain depths have been
 620         increased.  The default has been increased from 16 to 32, and
 621         the maximum increased from 32 to 128.</para>
 622
 623       <para revision="279361">The <literal>kern.osrelease</literal>
 624         and <literal>kern.osreldate</literal> are now configurable
 625         &man.jail.8; parameters.</para>
 626     </sect2>
 627   </sect1>
 628
 629   <sect1 xml:id="drivers">
 630     <title>Devices and Drivers</title>
 631
 632     <para>This section covers changes and additions to devices and
 633       device drivers since &release.prev;.</para>
 634
 635     <sect2 xml:id="drivers-device">
 636       <title>Device Drivers</title>
 637
 638       <para revision="260903">Support for GPS ports has been added to
 639         &man.uhso.4;.</para>
 640
 641       <para revision="265132">The &man.full.4; device has been added,
 642         and the <literal>lindev(4)</literal> device has been removed.
 643         Prior to this change, <literal>lindev(4)</literal> provided
 644         only the <filename>/dev/full</filename> character device,
 645         returning <literal>ENOSPC</literal> on write attempts.  As
 646         this device is not specific to &linux;, a native &os; version
 647         has been added.</para>
 648
 649       <para revision="271705">Hardware context support has been
 650         added to the <literal>drm/i915</literal> driver, adding
 651         support for <application>Mesa</application> 9.2 and
 652         later.</para>
 653
 654       <para revision="273178">The &man.vt.4; driver has been updated,
 655         replacing the bitmapped <literal>kern.vt.spclkeys</literal>
 656         &man.sysctl.8; with individual
 657         <literal>kern.vt.kbd_*</literal> variants.</para>
 658
 659       <para revision="273598">The &man.hpet.4; driver has been updated
 660         to create a
 661         <filename>/dev/hpet<replaceable>N</replaceable></filename>
 662         device, providing access to <acronym>HPET</acronym> from
 663         userspace.</para>
 664
 665       <para revision="280183">The <literal>drm</literal> code has
 666         been updated to match &linux; version 3.8.13.</para>
 667     </sect2>
 668
 669     <sect2 xml:id="drivers-storage">
 670       <title>Storage Drivers</title>
 671
 672       <para revision="265236" contrib="sponsor"
 673         sponsor="&lsi;, &spectralogic;" sponsorurl="">The &man.mpr.4;
 674         device has been added, providing support for LSI Fusion-MPT
 675         3 12Gb SCSI/SATA controllers.</para>
 676
 677       <para revision="265555" contrib="sponsor"
 678           sponsor="&lsi;">The &man.mrsas.4; driver has been added,
 679         providing support for LSI MegaRAID SAS controllers.  The
 680         &man.mfi.4; driver will attach to the controller, by default.
 681         To enable &man.mrsas.4; add
 682         <literal>hw.mfi.mrsas_enable=1</literal> to
 683         <filename>/boot/loader.conf</filename>, which turns off
 684         &man.mfi.4; device probing.</para>
 685
 686       <note>
 687         <para>At this time, the &man.mfiutil.8; utility and the &os;
 688           version of <application>MegaCLI</application> and
 689           <application>StorCli</application> do not work with
 690           &man.mrsas.4;.</para>
 691       </note>
 692
 693       <para revision="275461" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ix;">The
 694         &man.ctl.4; subsystem has been updated, increasing the ports
 695         limit from <literal>128</literal> to <literal>256</literal>,
 696         and <acronym>LUN</acronym> limit from <literal>256</literal>
 697         to <literal>1024</literal>.</para>
 698
 699       <para revision="276526">The <literal>asr(4)</literal> driver has
 700         been removed, and is no longer supported.</para>
 701     </sect2>
 702
 703     <sect2 xml:id="drivers-network">
 704       <title>Network Drivers</title>
 705
 706       <para revision="258830">Support for Broadcom chipsets BCM57764,
 707         BCM57767, BCM57782, BCM57786 and BCM57787 has been added to
 708         &man.bge.4;.</para>
 709
 710       <para revision="260448">Support for the &intel; Centrino&trade;
 711         Wireless-N 135 chipset has been added.</para>
 712
 713       <para revision="260552">Firmware for &intel; Centrino&trade;
 714         Wireless-N 105 devices has been added to the base
 715         system.</para>
 716
 717       <para revision="261975">The deprecated nve(4) driver has been
 718         removed.  Users of NVIDIA nForce MCP network adapters are
 719         advised to use the &man.nfe.4; driver instead, which has been
 720         the default driver for this hardware since
 721         &os;&nbsp;7.0.</para>
 722
 723       <para revision="264601" contrib="sponsor"
 724         sponsor="&darpa_afrl;">The <literal>if_nf10bmac(4)</literal>
 725         device has been added, providing support for NetFPGA-10G
 726         Embedded CPU Ethernet Core.</para>
 727
 728       <note>
 729         <para>The <literal>if_nf10bmac(4)</literal> driver operates on
 730           the FPGA, and is not suited for the PCI host
 731           interface.</para>
 732       </note>
 733
 734       <para revision="265348" contrib="sponsor"
 735         sponsor="&netgate;">The &man.ath.hal.4; driver has been
 736         updated to support the Atheros AR1111 chipset.</para>
 737
 738       <para revision="266770">Support for the &intel; Centrino&trade;
 739         Wireless-N 105 chipset has been added.</para>
 740
 741       <para revision="266757" contrib="sponsor"
 742         sponsor="&chelsio;">Support for the &man.cxgbe.4; Terminator
 743         5 (T5) 10G/40G cards has been added to &man.netmap.4;.</para>
 744
 745       <para revision="272730">The &man.alc.4; driver has been updated
 746         to support AR816x and AR817x ethernet controllers.</para>
 747
 748       <para revision="273331">The &man.vxlan.4; driver has been added,
 749         which creates a virtual Layer 2 (Ethernet) network overlaid in
 750         a Layer 3 (IP/UDP) network.  The &man.vxlan.4; driver is
 751         analogous to &man.vlan.4;, but is designed to be better suited
 752         for large, multiple-tenant datacenter environments.</para>
 753
 754       <para revision="274246" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&yandex;">The
 755         &man.gre.4; driver has been significantly overhauled, and has
 756         been split into two separate modules, &man.gre.4; and
 757         &man.me.4;.</para>
 758     </sect2>
 759   </sect1>
 760
 761   <sect1 xml:id="hardware">
 762     <title>Hardware Support</title>
 763
 764     <para>This section covers general hardware support for physical
 765       machines, hypervisors, and virtualization environments, as well
 766       as hardware changes and updates that do not otherwise fit in
 767       other sections of this document.</para>
 768
 769     <sect2 xml:id="hardware-support">
 770       <title>Hardware Support</title>
 771
 772       <para revision="268303">The &man.asmc.4; driver has been
 773         updated to support the &apple;&nbsp;MacMini 3,1.</para>
 774
 775       <para revision="268351">Support for &os;/ia64 has been dropped
 776         as of &os;&nbsp;11.</para>
 777
 778       <para revision="274386">An issue that could cause a system to
 779         hang when entering <acronym>ACPI</acronym>
 780         <literal>S3</literal> state (suspend to
 781         <acronym>RAM</acronym>) has been corrected in the &man.acpi.4;
 782         and &man.pci.4; drivers.</para>
 783
 784       <para revision="274733" arch="powerpc">The power management unit
 785         subsystem has been updated to support power button events on
 786         certain &arch.powerpc; hardware, such as aluminum
 787         PowerBook&nbsp;&reg;.</para>
 788
 789       <para revision="275171,275190" arch="powerpc">The &man.hwpmc.4;
 790         driver has been updated to correct performance counter
 791         sampling on G4 (MPC74xxx) and G5 class processors.</para>
 792
 793       <para revision="275732" contrib="sponsor"
 794         sponsor="&ff;,&netgate;">The
 795         <application>OpenCrypto</application> framework has been
 796         updated to include <literal>AES-ICM</literal> and
 797         <literal>AES-GCM</literal> modes, both of which have also been
 798         added to the &man.aesni.4; driver.</para>
 799     </sect2>
 800
 801     <sect2 xml:id="hardware-virtualization">
 802       <title>Virtualization Support</title>
 803
 804       <para revision="260410">Support for the <quote>Virtual Interrupt
 805           Delivery</quote> feature of &intel;&nbsp;VT-x is enabled if
 806         supported by the CPU.  This feature can be disabled by running
 807         <literal>sysctl hw.vmm.vmx.use_apic_vid=0</literal>.
 808         Additionally, to persist this setting across reboots, add
 809         <literal>hw.vmm.vmx.use_apic_vid=0</literal> to
 810         <filename>/etc/sysctl.conf</filename>.</para>
 811
 812       <para revision="260532">Support for <quote>Posted Interrupt
 813           Processing</quote> is enabled if supported by the CPU.  This
 814         feature can be disabled by running <literal>sysctl
 815           hw.vmm.vmx.use_apic_pir=0</literal>.  Additionally, to
 816         persist this setting across reboots, add
 817         <literal>hw.vmm.vmx.use_apic_pir=0</literal> to
 818         <filename>/etc/sysctl.conf</filename>.</para>
 819
 820       <para revision="260582">Unmapped IO support has been added to
 821         &man.virtio_blk.4;.</para>
 822
 823       <para revision="260583">Unmapped IO support has been added to
 824         &man.virtio_scsi.4;.</para>
 825
 826       <para revision="260847">The &man.virtio_random.4; driver has
 827         been added to harvest entropy from the host system.</para>
 828
 829       <para revision="261504">&os;/&arch.i386; guests can be run under
 830         bhyve.</para>
 831
 832       <para revision="267536" contrib="sponsor"
 833         sponsor="&citrix.rd;">Support for running a &os;/&arch.amd64;
 834         <application>Xen</application> guest instance as
 835         <acronym>PVH</acronym> guest has been added.
 836         <acronym>PVH</acronym> mode, short for <quote>Para-Virtualized
 837           Hardware</quote>, uses para-virtualized drivers for boot and
 838         I/O, and uses hardware virtualization extensions for all other
 839         tasks, without the need for emulation.</para>
 840
 841       <para revision="273515">The &man.virtio.console.4; driver has
 842         been added, which provides an interface to VirtIO console
 843         devices through a &man.tty.4; device.</para>
 844
 845       <para revision="279957">The &man.bhyve.8; hypervisor has been
 846         updated to support <literal>DSM TRIM</literal> commands for
 847         virtual <acronym>AHCI</acronym> disks.</para>
 848     </sect2>
 849
 850     <sect2 xml:id="hardware-arm">
 851       <title>ARM Support</title>
 852
 853       <para revision="260921">The &man.nand.4; device is enabled for
 854         ARM devices by default.</para>
 855
 856       <para revision="273264" arch="armv6">An issue that could cause
 857         instability when detecting <acronym>SD</acronym> cards on the
 858         Raspberry Pi <acronym>SOC</acronym> has been fixed.</para>
 859
 860       <para revision="275963">The <literal>bcm2835_cpufreq</literal>
 861         driver has been added, which supports <acronym>CPU</acronym>
 862         frequency and voltage control on the Raspberry Pi
 863         <acronym>SOC</acronym>.</para>
 864     </sect2>
 865   </sect1>
 866
 867   <sect1 xml:id="storage">
 868     <title>Storage</title>
 869
 870     <para>This section covers changes and additions to file systems
 871       and other storage subsystems, both local and networked.</para>
 872
 873     <sect2 xml:id="storage-general">
 874       <title>General Storage</title>
 875       <para revision="278037" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ix;">The
 876         &man.ctl.4; <acronym>LUN</acronym> mapping has been rewritten,
 877         replacing <acronym>iSCSI</acronym>-specific mapping mechanisms
 878         with a new mechanism that works for any port.</para>
 879
 880       <para revision="278354" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ix;">The
 881         &man.ctld.8; utility has been updated to allow controlling
 882         non-<acronym>iSCSI</acronym> &man.ctl.4; ports.</para>
 883     </sect2>
 884
 885     <sect2 xml:id="storage-net">
 886       <title>Networked Storage</title>
 887
 888       <para revision="270096" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ff;">The new
 889         filesystem automount facility, &man.autofs.5;, has been added.
 890         The new &man.autofs.5; facility is similar to that found in
 891         other &unix;-like operating systems, such as OS&nbsp;X&trade;
 892         and Solaris&trade;.  The &man.autofs.5; facility uses
 893         a &sun;-compatible &man.auto.master.5; configuration file, and
 894         is administered with the &man.automount.8; userland utility,
 895         and the &man.automountd.8; and &man.autounmountd.8;
 896         daemons.</para>
 897     </sect2>
 898
 899     <sect2 xml:id="storage-zfs">
 900       <title>ZFS</title>
 901
 902       <para revision="275748">The <literal>arc_meta_limit</literal>
 903         statistics are now visible through the
 904         <literal>kstat</literal> &man.sysctl.8;.  As a result of this
 905         change, the <literal>vfs.zfs.arc_meta_used</literal>
 906         &man.sysctl.8; has been removed, and replaced with the
 907         <literal>kstat.zfs.misc.arcstats.arc_meta_used</literal>
 908         &man.sysctl.8;.</para>
 909     </sect2>
 910
 911     <sect2 xml:id="storage-geom">
 912       <title>&man.geom.4;</title>
 913
 914       <para revision="267359">Support for the
 915         <literal>disklabel64</literal> partitioning scheme has been
 916         added to &man.gpart.8;.</para>
 917     </sect2>
 918   </sect1>
 919
 920   <sect1 xml:id="boot">
 921     <title>Boot Loader Changes</title>
 922
 923     <para>This section covers the boot loader, boot menu, and other
 924       boot-related changes.</para>
 925
 926     <sect2 xml:id="boot-loader">
 927       <title>Boot Loader Changes</title>
 928
 929       <para revision="274085">The &man.vt.4; driver has been made the
 930         default system console driver.  The &man.syscons.4; driver is
 931         still available, and can be enabled by adding
 932         <literal>kern.vty=sc</literal> in &man.loader.conf.5;.
 933         Alternatively, &man.syscons.4; can be enabled at boot time by
 934         entering <literal>set kern.vty=sc</literal> at the
 935         &man.loader.8; prompt.</para>
 936     </sect2>
 937
 938     <sect2 xml:id="boot-menu">
 939       <title>Boot Menu Changes</title>
 940
 941       <para>&nbsp;</para>
 942     </sect2>
 943   </sect1>
 944
 945   <sect1 xml:id="network">
 946     <title>Networking</title>
 947
 948     <para>This section describes changes that affect networking in
 949       &os;.</para>
 950
 951     <sect2 xml:id="network-protocols">
 952       <title>Network Procols</title>
 953
 954       <para revision="263140">Support for the IPX network transport
 955         protocol has been removed, and will not be supported in
 956         &os;&nbsp;11 and later releases.</para>
 957
 958       <para revision="272720" contrib="sponsor"
 959         sponsor="&limelight;">Support for <acronym>PLPMTUD</acronym>
 960         blackhole detection (<acronym>RFC</acronym> 4821) has been
 961         added to the &man.tcp.4; stack, disabled by default.  New
 962         control tunables have been added:</para>
 963
 964       <informaltable frame="none" pgwide="0">
 965         <tgroup cols="2">
 966           <colspec colwidth="1*"/>
 967           <colspec colwidth="1*"/>
 968           <thead>
 969             <row>
 970               <entry>Tunable</entry>
 971               <entry>Description</entry>
 972             </row>
 973           </thead>
 974
 975           <tbody>
 976             <row>
 977               <entry><literal>net.inet.tcp.pmtud_blackhole_detection</literal></entry>
 978               <entry>Enables or disables <acronym>PLPMTUD</acronym>
 979                 blackhole detection</entry>
 980             </row>
 981
 982             <row>
 983               <entry><literal>net.inet.tcp.pmtud_blackhole_mss</literal></entry>
 984               <entry><acronym>MSS</acronym> to try for IPv4</entry>
 985             </row>
 986
 987             <row>
 988               <entry><literal>net.inet.tcp.v6pmtud_blackhole_mss</literal></entry>
 989               <entry><acronym>MSS to try for IPv6</acronym></entry>
 990             </row>
 991           </tbody>
 992         </tgroup>
 993       </informaltable>
 994
 995       <para>New monitoring &man.sysctl.8;s haven been added:</para>
 996
 997       <informaltable frame="none" pgwide="0">
 998         <tgroup cols="2">
 999           <colspec colwidth="1*"/>
1000           <colspec colwidth="1*"/>
1001           <thead>
1002             <row>
1003               <entry>Tunable</entry>
1004               <entry>Description</entry>
1005             </row>
1006           </thead>
1007
1008           <tbody>
1009             <row>
1010               <entry><literal>net.inet.tcp.pmtud_blackhole_activated</literal></entry>
1011               <entry>Number of times the code was activated to attempt
1012                 downshifting the <acronym>MSS</acronym></entry>
1013             </row>
1014
1015             <row>
1016               <entry><literal>net.inet.tcp.pmtud_blackhole_min_activated</literal></entry>
1017               <entry>Number of times the blackhole
1018                 <acronym>MSS</acronym> was used in an attempt to
1019                 downshift</entry>
1020             </row>
1021
1022             <row>
1023               <entry><literal>net.inet.tcp.pmtud_blackhole_failed</literal></entry>
1024               <entry>Number of times that the blackhole failed to
1025                 connect after downshifting the
1026                 <acronym>MSS</acronym></entry>
1027             </row>
1028           </tbody>
1029         </tgroup>
1030       </informaltable>
1031     </sect2>
1032   </sect1>
1033
1034   <sect1 xml:id="ports">
1035     <title>Ports Collection and Package Infrastructure</title>
1036
1037     <para>This section covers changes to the &os;&nbsp;Ports
1038       Collection, package infrastructure, and package maintenance and
1039       installation tools.</para>
1040
1041     <sect2 xml:id="ports-infrastructure">
1042       <title>Infrastructure Changes</title>
1043
1044       <para>&nbsp;</para>
1045     </sect2>
1046
1047     <sect2 xml:id="ports-packages ">
1048       <title>Packaging Changes</title>
1049
1050       <para>&nbsp;</para>
1051     </sect2>
1052   </sect1>
1053
1054   <sect1 xml:id="doc">
1055     <title>Documentation</title>
1056
1057     <para>This section covers changes to the &os;&nbsp;Documentation
1058       Project sources and toolchain.</para>
1059
1060     <sect2 xml:id="doc-sources">
1061       <title>Documentation Source Changes</title>
1062
1063       <para>&nbsp;</para>
1064     </sect2>
1065
1066     <sect2 xml:id="doc-toolchain">
1067       <title>Documentation Toolchain Changes</title>
1068
1069       <para>&nbsp;</para>
1070     </sect2>
1071   </sect1>
1072
1073   <sect1 xml:id="releng">
1074     <title>Release Engineering and Integration</title>
1075
1076     <para>This section convers changes that are specific to the
1077       &os;&nbsp;Release Engineering processes.</para>
1078
1079     <sect2 xml:id="releng-changes">
1080       <title>Integration Changes</title>
1081
1082       <para revision="277458" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ff;">The
1083         Release Engineering build tools have been updated to include
1084         support for producing virtual machine disk images for various
1085         cloud hosting providers.</para>
1086
1087       <para revision="278926">The Release Engineering build tools have
1088         been updated to use multi-threaded &man.xz.1;.  By default,
1089         the number of &man.xz.1; threads is set to the number of cores
1090         available.</para>
1091     </sect2>
1092   </sect1>
1093 </article>