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4 <!ENTITY % release PUBLIC "-//FreeBSD//ENTITIES Release Specification//EN" "release.ent">
6 <!ENTITY % sponsor PUBLIC "-//FreeBSD//ENTITIES Sponsor Specification//EN" "sponsor.ent">
8 <!ENTITY % vendor PUBLIC "-//FreeBSD//ENTITIES Vendor Specification//EN" "vendor.ent">
10 <!ENTITY security SYSTEM "../../share/xml/security.xml">
11 <!ENTITY errata SYSTEM "../../share/xml/errata.xml">
13 <article xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook"
14 xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" version="5.0">
17 <title>&os; &release.current; Release Notes</title>
20 <orgname>The &os; Project</orgname>
23 <pubdate>$FreeBSD$</pubdate>
25 <!-- Last rev: 284814 -->
29 <holder role="mailto:doc@FreeBSD.org">The &os; Documentation
33 <legalnotice xml:id="trademarks" role="trademarks">
43 <para>The release notes for &os; &release.current; contain
44 a summary of the changes made to the &os; base system on the
45 &release.branch; development line. This document lists
46 applicable security advisories that were issued since the last
47 release, as well as significant changes to the &os; kernel and
48 userland. Some brief remarks on upgrading are also
53 <sect1 xml:id="intro">
54 <title>Introduction</title>
56 <para>This document contains the release notes for &os;
57 &release.current;. It describes recently added, changed, or
58 deleted features of &os;. It also provides some notes on
59 upgrading from previous versions of &os;.</para>
61 <para releasetype="current">The &release.type; distribution to
62 which these release notes apply represents the latest point
63 along the &release.branch; development branch since
64 &release.branch; was created. Information regarding pre-built,
65 binary &release.type; distributions along this branch can be
67 xlink:href="&release.url;">&release.url;</uri>.</para>
69 <para releasetype="snapshot">The &release.type; distribution to
70 which these release notes apply represents a point along the
71 &release.branch; development branch between &release.prev; and
72 the future &release.next;. Information regarding pre-built,
73 binary &release.type; distributions along this branch can be
75 xlink:href="&release.url;">&release.url;</uri>.</para>
77 <para releasetype="release">This distribution of &os;
78 &release.current; is a &release.type; distribution. It can be
79 found at <uri xlink:href="&release.url;">&release.url;</uri> or
80 any of its mirrors. More information on obtaining this (or
81 other) &release.type; distributions of &os; can be found in the
83 xlink:href="&url.books.handbook;/mirrors.html"><quote>Obtaining
84 &os;</quote> appendix</link> to the <link
85 xlink:href="&url.books.handbook;/">&os;
86 Handbook</link>.</para>
88 <para>All users are encouraged to consult the release errata
89 before installing &os;. The errata document is updated with
90 <quote>late-breaking</quote> information discovered late in the
91 release cycle or after the release. Typically, it contains
92 information on known bugs, security advisories, and corrections
93 to documentation. An up-to-date copy of the errata for &os;
94 &release.current; can be found on the &os; Web site.</para>
96 <para>This document describes the most user-visible new or changed
97 features in &os; since &release.prev;. In general, changes
98 described here are unique to the &release.branch; branch unless
99 specifically marked as &merged; features.</para>
101 <para>Typical release note items document recent security
102 advisories issued after &release.prev;, new drivers or hardware
103 support, new commands or options, major bug fixes, or
104 contributed software upgrades. They may also list changes to
105 major ports/packages or release engineering practices. Clearly
106 the release notes cannot list every single change made to &os;
107 between releases; this document focuses primarily on security
108 advisories, user-visible changes, and major architectural
112 <sect1 xml:id="upgrade">
113 <title>Upgrading from Previous Releases of &os;</title>
115 <para arch="amd64,i386">Binary upgrades between RELEASE versions
116 (and snapshots of the various security branches) are supported
117 using the &man.freebsd-update.8; utility. The binary upgrade
118 procedure will update unmodified userland utilities, as well as
119 unmodified GENERIC kernels distributed as a part of an official
120 &os; release. The &man.freebsd-update.8; utility requires that
121 the host being upgraded have Internet connectivity.</para>
123 <para>Source-based upgrades (those based on recompiling the &os;
124 base system from source code) from previous versions are
125 supported, according to the instructions in
126 <filename>/usr/src/UPDATING</filename>.</para>
129 <para>Upgrading &os; should only be attempted after backing up
130 <emphasis>all</emphasis> data and configuration files.</para>
134 <sect1 xml:id="security-errata">
135 <title>Security and Errata</title>
137 <para>This section lists the various Security Advisories and
138 Errata Notices since &release.prev;.</para>
140 <sect2 xml:id="security">
141 <title>Security Advisories</title>
146 <sect2 xml:id="errata">
147 <title>Errata Notices</title>
153 <sect1 xml:id="userland">
154 <title>Userland</title>
156 <para>This section covers changes and additions to userland
157 applications, contributed software, and system utilities.</para>
159 <sect2 xml:id="userland-config">
160 <title>Userland Configuration Changes</title>
162 <para revision="266463">The default &man.newsyslog.conf.5; now
163 includes files in the
164 <filename>/etc/newsyslog.conf.d/</filename> and
165 <filename>/usr/local/etc/newsyslog.conf.d/</filename>
166 directories by default for &man.newsyslog.8;.</para>
168 <para revision="270675">The &man.mailwrapper.8; utility has been
169 updated to use &man.mailer.conf.5; from the
170 <literal>LOCALBASE</literal> environment variable, which
171 defaults to <filename class="directory">/usr/local</filename>
174 <para revision="272350">The <literal>MK_ARM_EABI</literal>
175 &man.src.conf.5; option has been removed.</para>
177 <para revision="285169">The <application>ntp</application> suite
178 has been updated to version 4.2.8p3.</para>
181 <sect2 xml:id="userland-programs">
182 <title>Userland Application Changes</title>
184 <para revision="258838" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ff;,
185 &google;" sponsorurl="">The &man.casperd.8; daemon has been
186 added, which provides access to functionality that is not
187 available in the <quote>capability mode</quote>
190 <para revision="260594">When unable to load a kernel module with
191 &man.kldload.8;, a message informing to view output of
192 &man.dmesg.8; is now printed, opposed to the previous output
193 <quote>Exec format error.</quote>.</para>
195 <para revision="260910">Allow &man.pciconf.8; to identify PCI
196 devices that are attached to a driver to be identified by
197 their device name instead of just the selector. Additionally,
198 an optional device argument to the <literal>-l</literal> flag
199 to restrict the output to only listing details about a single
202 <para revision="260913">A new flag, <quote>onifconsole</quote>
203 has been added to <filename>/etc/ttys</filename>. This allows
204 the system to provide a login prompt via serial console if the
205 device is an active kernel console, otherwise it is equivalent
206 to <literal>off</literal>.</para>
208 <para revision="260926">Support for displaying VPD for PCI
209 devices via &man.pciconf.8; has been added.</para>
211 <para revision="261498">&man.ping.8; protects against malicious
212 network packets using the Capsicum framework to drop
215 <para revision="265229">The &man.ps.1; utility has been
216 updated to include the <literal>-J</literal> flag, used to
217 filter output by matching &man.jail.8; IDs and names.
218 Additionally, argument <literal>0</literal> can be used to
219 <literal>-J</literal> to only list processes running on the
222 <para revision="265249">The &man.top.1; utility has been updated
223 to filter by &man.jail.8; ID or name, in followup to the
224 &man.ps.1; change in <literal>r265229</literal>.</para>
226 <para revision="266209">The &man.pmcstat.8; utility has been
227 updated to include a new flag, <literal>-l</literal>, which
228 ends event collection after the specified number of
231 <para revision="270745">The &man.ps.1; utility has been updated
232 to include a new keyword, <quote>tracer</quote>, which
233 displays the <acronym>PID</acronym> of the tracing
236 <para revision="271482">Support for adding empty partitions has
237 been added to the &man.mkimg.1; utility.</para>
239 <para revision="272166">The &man.primes.6; utility has been
240 updated to correctly enumerate prime numbers between
241 <literal>4295098369</literal> and
242 <literal>3825123056546413050</literal>, which prior to this
243 change, it would be possible for returned values to be
244 incorrectly identified as prime numbers.</para>
246 <para revision="272198">The &man.mkimg.1; utility has been
247 updated to include three options used to print information
248 about &man.mkimg.1; itself:</para>
250 <informaltable frame="none" pgwide="0">
252 <colspec colwidth="1*"/>
253 <colspec colwidth="1*"/>
256 <entry>Option</entry>
257 <entry>Output</entry>
263 <entry><literal>--version</literal></entry>
264 <entry>The current version of the &man.mkimg.1;
269 <entry><literal>--formats</literal></entry>
270 <entry>The disk image file formats supported by
271 &man.mkimg.1;</entry>
275 <entry><literal>--schemes</literal></entry>
276 <entry>The partition schemes supported by
277 &man.mkimg.1;</entry>
283 <para revision="272488">Userland &man.ctf.5; support in
284 &man.dtrace.1; has been added. With this change,
285 &man.dtrace.1; is able to resolve type info for function and
286 <acronym>USDT</acronym> probe arguments, and function return
289 <para revision="274960">The &man.elfdump.1; utility has been
290 updated to support capability mode provided by
291 &man.capsicum.4;.</para>
293 <para revision="275680" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ff;">The
294 &man.fstyp.8; utility has been added, which is used to
295 determine the filesystem on a specified device.</para>
297 <para revision="276881">The <literal>libedit</literal> library
298 has been updated to support <acronym>UTF</acronym>-8, which
299 additionally provides unicode support to &man.sh.1;.</para>
301 <para revision="276893" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ff;">The
302 &man.mkimg.1; utility has been updated to support the
303 <acronym>MBR</acronym> <acronym>EFI</acronym> partition
306 <para revision="277166" arch="powerpc">The &man.ptrace.2; system
307 call has been updated include support for Altivec registers on
308 &os;/&arch.powerpc;.</para>
310 <para revision="278320">A new device control utility,
311 &man.devctl.8; has been added, which allows making
312 administrative changes to individual devices, such as
313 attaching and detaching drivers, and enabling and disabling
314 devices. The &man.devctl.8; utility uses the new
315 &man.devctl.3; library.</para>
317 <para revision="279122" contrib="sponsor"
318 sponsor="&juniper;">The &man.netstat.1; utility has been
319 updated to link against the &man.libxo.3; shared
322 <para revision="279139">A new flag, <literal>-c</literal>, has
323 been added to the &man.mkimg.1; utility, which allows
324 specifying the capacity of the target disk image.</para>
326 <para revision="279315" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ff;">The
327 &man.uefisign.8; utility has been added.</para>
329 <para revision="279571" contrib="sponsor"
330 sponsor="&scaleengine;">The &man.freebsd-update.8; utility has
331 been updated to prevent fetching updated binary patches when
332 a previous upgrade has not been thoroughly completed.</para>
334 <para revision="280870">A regression in the &man.libarchive.3;
335 library that would prevent a directory from being included in
336 the archive when <literal>--one-file-system</literal> is used
337 has been fixed.</para>
339 <para revision="281311" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ff;">The
340 &man.ar.1; utility has been updated to set
341 <literal>ARCHIVE_EXTRACT_SECURE_SYMLINKS</literal> and
342 <literal>ARCHIVE_EXTRACT_SECURE_NODOTDOT</literal> to disallow
343 directory traversal when extracting an archive, similar to
346 <para revision="281617">A race condition in &man.wc.1; that
347 would cause final results to be sent to &man.stderr.4; when
348 receiving the <literal>SIGINFO</literal> signal has been
351 <para revision="282208" contrib="sponsor"
352 sponsor="&multiplay;">The &man.chflags.1;, &man.chgrp.1;,
353 &man.chmod.1;, and &man.chown.8; utilities now affect symbolic
354 links when the <literal>-R</literal> flag is specified, as
355 documented in &man.symlink.7;.</para>
357 <para revision="282608">The &man.date.1; utility has been
358 updated to print the modification time of the file passed as
359 an argument to the <literal>-r</literal> flag, improving
360 compatibility with the <acronym>GNU</acronym> &man.date.1;
361 utility behavior.</para>
363 <para revision="283961">The &man.pw.8; utility has been updated
364 with a new flag, <literal>-R</literal>, that sets the root
365 directory within which the utility will operate.</para>
367 <para revision="284297" contrib="sponsor"
368 sponsor="&clusterhq;">The &man.lockstat.1; utility has been
369 updated with several improvements:</para>
373 <para>Spin locks are now reported as the amount of time
374 spinning, instead of loop iterations.</para>
378 <para>Reader locks are now recognized as adaptive that can
383 <para>Lock aquisition events for successful reader try-lock
384 events are now reported.</para>
388 <para>Spin and block events are now reported before lock
389 acquisition events.</para>
393 <para revision="284589" contrib="sponsor"
394 sponsor="&scaleengine;">The &man.fstyp.8; utility has been
395 updated to be able to detect &man.zfs.8; and &man.geli.8;
398 <para revision="284883">The &man.mkimg.1; utility has been
399 updated to include support for <literal>NTFS</literal>
400 filesystems in both <acronym>MBR</acronym> and
401 <acronym>GPT</acronym> partitioning schemes.</para>
403 <para revision="285253">The &man.quota.1; utility has been
404 updated to include support for <acronym>IPv6</acronym>.</para>
406 <para revision="285420">The &man.jail.8; utility has been
407 updated to include a new flag, <literal>-l</literal>, which
408 ensures a clean environment in the target jail when used.
409 Additionally, &man.jail.8; will run a shell within the target
410 jail when run no commands are specified.</para>
412 <para revision="285550">The &man.w.1; utility has been updated
413 to display the full IPv6 remote address of the host from which
414 a user is connected.</para>
416 <para revision="285685">The &man.jail.8; framework has been
417 updated to allow mounting &man.linprocfs.5; and
418 &man.linsysfs.5; within a jail.</para>
420 <para revision="285772" contrib="sponsor"
421 sponsor="&emcisilon;">The &man.patch.1; utility has been
422 updated to include a new option to the <literal>-V</literal>
423 flag, <literal>none</literal>, which disables backup file
424 creation when applying a patch.</para>
426 <para revision="286010" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ff;">The
427 &man.ar.1; utility now enables deterministic mode
428 (<literal>-D</literal>) by default. This behavior can be
429 disabled by specifying the <literal>-U</literal> flag.</para>
431 <para revision="286289" contrib="sponsor"
432 sponsor="&scaleengine;">The &man.xargs.1; utility has been
433 updated to allow specifying <literal>0</literal> as an
434 argument to the <literal>-P</literal> (parallel mode) flag,
435 which allows creating as many concurrent processes as
439 <sect2 xml:id="userland-contrib">
440 <title>Contributed Software</title>
442 <para revision="258884" contrib="sponsor"
443 sponsor="&darpa_afrl;">&man.lldb.1; has been updated to
444 upstream snapshot version r196259.</para>
446 <para revision="260445">&man.byacc.1; has been updated to
447 version 20140101.</para>
449 <para revision="261071">&man.jemalloc.3; has been updated to
450 version 3.5.0.</para>
452 <para revision="261283"><application>libc++</application> has
453 been updated to version 3.4.</para>
455 <para revision="261320"><application>OpenSSH</application> has
456 been updated to 6.5p1.</para>
458 <para revision="261344"><application>mdocml</application> has
459 been updated to version 1.12.3.</para>
461 <para revision="261991"><application>LLVM</application> and
462 <application>Clang</application> have been updated to
465 <para revision="275718">The <application>binutils</application>
466 suite of utilities has been updated to include upstream
467 patches that add new relocations for &arch.powerpc;
470 <para revision="276398" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ff;">The
471 <application>ELF Tool Chain</application> has been updated to
472 upstream revision r3136.</para>
474 <para revision="276551">The <application>texinfo</application>
475 utility and <literal>info</literal> pages were removed from
476 the base system. The <filename
477 role="package">print/texinfo</filename> port should be
478 installed on systems where <literal>info</literal> pages are
481 <para revision="276796" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ff;">The ELF
482 object manipulation tools
483 <application>addr2line</application>,
484 <application>elfcopy (strip)</application>,
485 <application>nm</application>,
486 <application>readelf</application>,
487 <application>size</application>, and
488 <application>strings</application> were switched to the
489 versions from the ELF Tool Chain project.</para>
491 <para revision="276881">The <literal>libedit</literal> library
492 has been updated to include <acronym>UTF-8</acronym> support,
493 adding <acronym>UTF-8</acronym> support to the &man.sh.1;
496 <para revision="278433">The &man.xz.1; utility has been updated
497 to support multi-threaded compression.</para>
499 <para revision="280932" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ff;">The
500 <application>elftoolchain</application> utilities have been
501 updated to version 3179.</para>
503 <para revision="281316">The &man.xz.1; utility has been updated
504 to version 5.2.1.</para>
506 <para revision="281373">The &man.nvi.1; utility has been updated
507 to version 2.1.3.</para>
509 <para revision="281806">The &man.wpa.supplicant.8; and
510 &man.hostapd.8; utilities have been updated to version
513 <para revision="282089">The &man.unbound.8; utility has been
514 updated to version 1.5.3.</para>
516 <para revision="282434" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ff;">The
517 &man.resolvconf.8; utility has been updated to version
520 <para revision="282613">The &man.nc.1; utility has been updated
521 to the OpenBSD 5.7 version.</para>
523 <para revision="284237">The &man.file.1; utility has been
524 updated to version 5.23.</para>
526 <para revision="284254"><application>bmake</application> has
527 been updated to version 20150606.</para>
529 <para revision="284397">Timezone data files have been updated to
530 version 2015e.</para>
532 <para revision="285229"><application>sendmail</application> has
533 been updated to 8.15.2. Starting with &os; 11.0 and
534 sendmail 8.15, sendmail uses uncompressed IPv6 addresses by
535 default, i.e., they will not contain <quote>::</quote>. For
536 example, instead of <quote>::1</quote>, it will be
537 <quote>0:0:0:0:0:0:0:1</quote>. This permits a zero subnet to
538 have a more specific match, such as different map entries for
539 IPv6:0:0 versus IPv6:0. This change requires that
540 configuration data (including maps, files, classes, custom
541 ruleset, etc.) must use the same format, so make certain such
542 configuration data is upgrading. As a very simple check
543 search for patterns like 'IPv6:[0-9a-fA-F:]*::' and 'IPv6::'.
544 To return to the old behavior, set the m4 option
545 <literal>confUSE_COMPRESSED_IPV6_ADDRESSES</literal> or the cf
546 option <literal>UseCompressedIPv6Addresses</literal>.</para>
548 <para revision="285275">The &man.tcpdump.1; utility has been
549 updated to version 4.7.4.</para>
551 <para revision="285329"><application>OpenSSL</application> has
552 been updated to version 1.0.1p.</para>
554 <para revision="285642" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&dell;">The
555 &man.ssh.1; utility has been updated to re-implement hostname
556 canonicalization before locating the host in
557 <filename>known_hosts</filename>.</para>
559 <para revision="285972">The &man.libarchive.3; library has been
560 updated to properly skip a sparse file entry in a &man.tar.1;
561 file, which would previously produce errors.</para>
563 <para revision="287168">The &man.acpi.4; subsystem has been
564 updated to version 20150818.</para>
567 <sect2 xml:id="userland-installer">
568 <title>Installation and Configuration Tools</title>
570 <para revision="271539">The &man.bsdinstall.8; partition editor
571 and &man.sade.8; utility have been updated to include native
572 <acronym>ZFS</acronym> support.</para>
574 <para revision="272274">The &os; installation utility,
575 &man.bsdinstall.8;, has been updated to set the
576 <literal>canmount</literal> &man.zfs.8; property to
577 <literal>off</literal> for the <filename
578 class="directory">/var</filename> dataset, preventing the
579 contents of directories within <filename
580 class="directory">/var</filename> from conflicting when
581 using multiple boot environments, such as that provided by
582 <filename role="package">sysutils/beadm</filename>.</para>
584 <para revision="274394">The &man.bsdconfig.8; utility has been
585 updated to skip the initial &man.tzsetup.8;
586 <acronym>UTC</acronym> versus wall-clock time prompt when run
587 in a virtual machine, determined when the
588 <literal>kern.vm_guest</literal> &man.sysctl.8; is set to
589 <literal>1</literal>.</para>
591 <para revision="275874">The &man.bsdinstall.8; utility has been
592 updated to use the new &man.dpv.3; library to display progress
593 when extracting the &os; distributions.</para>
595 <para revision="285557" contrib="sponsor"
596 sponsor="&scaleengine;">Support for detecting and implementing
597 aligning partitions on 1Mb boundaries has been added to
598 &man.bsdinstall.8;.</para>
600 <para revision="285679" contrib="sponsor"
601 sponsor="&scaleengine;">Support for detecting and implementing
602 a workaround for various laptops and motherboards that do not
603 boot properly from <acronym>GPT</acronym>-partitioned disks
604 has been added to &man.bsdinstall.8;. Additionally, the
605 <literal>active</literal> flag will be set on the partition
608 <para revision="285679" contrib="sponsor"
609 sponsor="&scaleengine;">Support for selecting the partitioning
610 scheme when installing on the <acronym>UFS</acronym>
611 filesystem has been added to &man.bsdinstall.8;.</para>
614 <sect2 xml:id="userland-rc">
615 <title><filename class="directory">/etc/rc.d</filename>
618 <para revision="270676">The &man.rc.8; subsystem has been
619 updated to allow configuring services in <filename
620 class="directory">${LOCALBASE}/etc/rc.conf.d/</filename>.
621 If <literal>LOCALBASE</literal> is unset, it defaults to
622 <filename class="directory">/usr/local</filename>.</para>
624 <para revision="273955">A new &man.rc.8; script,
625 <filename>growfs</filename>, has been added, which will resize
626 the root filesystem on boot if <filename>/firstboot</filename>
629 <para revision="275299">The <filename>mrouted</filename>
630 &man.rc.8; script has been removed from the base system. An
631 equivalent script is available from the <filename
632 role="package">net/mrouted</filename> port.</para>
634 <para revision="279463" contrib="sponsor"
635 sponsor="&sandvine;">A new &man.rc.8; script,
636 <filename>iovctl</filename>, has been added, which allows
637 automatically starting the &man.iovctl.8; utility at
641 <sect2 xml:id="userland-periodic">
642 <title><filename class="directory">/etc/periodic</filename>
645 <para revision="271321">The daily &man.periodic.8; script
646 <filename>110.clean-tmps</filename> has been updated to avoid
647 crossing filesystem mount boundaries when cleaning files in
648 <filename class="directory">/tmp</filename>.</para>
650 <para revision="277216" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ff;">A new
651 &man.periodic.8; script,
652 <filename>510.status-world-kernel</filename>, has been added,
653 which evaluates the running userland and kernel versions from
654 the &man.uname.1; <literal>-U</literal> and
655 <literal>-K</literal> arguments, and prints an error if the
656 system userland and kernel are not in sync.</para>
659 <sect2 xml:id="userland-libraries">
660 <title>Runtime Libraries and API</title>
662 <para revision="265995">The Blowfish &man.crypt.3; default
663 format has been changed to
664 <literal>$2b$</literal>.</para>
666 <para revision="268461">The &man.readline.3; library is now
667 statically linked in software within the base system, and the
668 shared library is no longer installed, allowing the Ports
669 Collection to use a modern version of the library.</para>
671 <para revision="272273">The &man.strptime.3; library has been
672 updated to add support for <acronym>POSIX</acronym>-2001
673 features <literal>%U</literal> and
674 <literal>%W</literal>.</para>
676 <para revision="272842,272848" contrib="sponsor"
677 sponsor="&ff;">The &man.dl.iterate.phdr.3; library has been
678 changed to always return the path name of the
679 <acronym>ELF</acronym> object in the
680 <literal>dlpi_name</literal> structure member.</para>
682 <para revision="273562" contrib="sponsor"
683 sponsor="&juniper;">The &man.libxo.3; library has been
684 imported to the base system.</para>
686 <para revision="273806" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&chelsio;">A
687 userland library for Chelsio Terminator 5 based iWARP cards
688 has been added, allowing userland <acronym>RDMA</acronym>
689 applications to work over compatible
690 <acronym>NIC</acronym>s.</para>
692 <para revision="274987">The &man.gpio.3; library has been added,
693 providing a wrapper around the &man.gpio.4; kernel
696 <para revision="275800" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ff;">The
697 &man.procctl.2; system call has been updated to include
698 a facility for non-&man.init.8; processes to be declared as
699 the reaper of child processes and their decendants.</para>
701 <para revision="277610">The <literal>futimens()</literal> and
702 <literal>utimensat()</literal> system calls have been
703 added. See &man.utimensat.2; for more information.</para>
705 <para revision="278934">The &man.elf.3; compile-time dependency
706 has been removed from <filename>dtri.o</filename>, which
707 allows adding <application>DTrace</application> probes to
708 userland applications and libraries without also linking
709 against &man.elf.3;.</para>
711 <para revision="279186">The &man.setmode.3; function has been
712 updated to consistently set <literal>errno</literal> on
715 <para revision="279663">The &man.qsort.3; functions have been
716 updated to be able to handle 32-bit aligned data on 64-bit
717 platforms, also providing a significant improvement in 32-bit
720 <para revision="281130">Several standard include headers have
721 been updated to use of <application>gcc</application>
722 attributes, such as <literal>__result_use_check()</literal>,
723 <literal>__alloc_size()</literal>, and
724 <literal>__nonnull()</literal>.</para>
726 <para revision="281845">Support for file verification in
727 <acronym>MAC</acronym> has been added.</para>
729 <para revision="282973" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ff;">The
730 <literal>libgomp</literal> library is now only built when
731 building <acronym>GCC</acronym> from the base system. An
732 up-to-date version is available in the Ports Collection as
734 role="package">devel/libiomp5-devel</filename>.</para>
736 <para revision="282988">The <filename>stdlib.h</filename> and
737 <filename>malloc.h</filename> headers have been updated to
738 make use of the <application>gcc</application>
739 <literal>alloc_align()</literal> attribute.</para>
741 <para revision="284483" contrib="sponsor"
742 sponsor="&scaleengine;">The Blowfish &man.crypt.3; library
743 has been updated to support $2y$ hashes.</para>
745 <para revision="285277">The &man.execl.3; and &man.execlp.3;
746 library functions have been updated to use the
747 <literal>__sentinel</literal> <application>gcc</application>
751 <sect2 xml:id="userland-abi">
752 <title>ABI Compatibility</title>
754 <para revision="271982">The &linux; compatibility version has
755 been updated to <literal>2.6.18</literal>. The
756 <literal>compat.linux.osrelease</literal> &man.sysctl.8; is
757 evaluated when building the <filename
758 role="package">emulators/linux-c6</filename> and related
763 <sect1 xml:id="kernel">
764 <title>Kernel</title>
766 <para>This section covers changes to kernel configurations, system
767 tuning, and system control parameters that are not otherwise
770 <sect2 xml:id="kernel-bugfix">
771 <title>Kernel Bug Fixes</title>
773 <para revision="265876">A kernel bug that inhibited proper
774 functionality of the <literal>dev.cpu.0.freq</literal>
775 &man.sysctl.8; on &intel; processors with Turbo
776 Boost ™ enabled has been fixed.</para>
778 <para revision="271697" arch="powerpc">Support for
779 &man.dtrace.1; stack tracing has been fixed for
780 &os;/&arch.powerpc;, using the <literal>trapexit()</literal>
781 and <literal>asttrapexit()</literal> functions instead of
782 checking within addressed kernel space.</para>
784 <para revision="271917">A kernel panic triggered when destroying
785 a &man.vnet.9; &man.jail.8; configured with &man.gif.4; has
788 <para revision="271918">A kernel panic triggered when destroying
789 a &man.vnet.9; &man.jail.8; configured with &man.gre.4; has
792 <para revision="272089">A bug in &man.ipfw.4; that could
793 potentially lead to a kernel panic when using &man.dummynet.4;
794 at layer 2 has been fixed.</para>
796 <para revision="280930" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&mitail;">The
797 kernel <acronym>RPC</acronym> has been updated to include
798 several enhancements:</para>
802 <para>The 45 MiB limit on requests queued for
803 &man.nfsd.8; threads has been removed.</para>
807 <para>Avoids unnecessary throttling by not deferring
808 accounting for completed requests.</para>
812 <para>Fixes an integer overflow and signedness bugs.</para>
816 <para revision="281261" arch="powerpc">Support for
817 &man.dtrace.1; has been added for the
818 Book-E ™.</para>
821 <sect2 xml:id="kernel-config">
822 <title>Kernel Configuration</title>
824 <para revision="266531">The <literal>IMAGACT_BINMISC</literal>
825 kernel configuration option has been enabled by default,
826 which enables application execution through emulators, such
827 as <application>Qemu</application>.</para>
829 <para revision="268045">The <literal>VT</literal> kernel
830 configuration file has been removed, and the &man.vt.4;
831 driver is included in the <literal>GENERIC</literal> kernel.
832 To enable &man.vt.4;, enter <literal>set kern.vty=vt</literal>
833 at the &man.loader.8; prompt during boot, or add
834 <literal>kern.vty=vt</literal> to &man.loader.conf.5; and
835 reboot the system.</para>
837 <para revision="277904">The &man.config.8; utility has been
838 updated to allow using a non-standard <filename
839 class="directory">src/</filename> tree, specified as an
840 argument to the <literal>-s</literal> flag.</para>
842 <para revision="277990" arch="powerpc64">The
843 &os;/&arch.powerpc64; kernel now builds as
844 a position-independent executable, allowing the kernel to be
845 loaded into and run from any physical or virtual
849 <para>This change requires an update to &man.loader.8;.
850 The userland and kernel must be updated before rebooting the
854 <para revision="278338" arch="arm">A new module for creating
855 <filename>rpi.dtb</filename> has been added for the Raspberry
858 <para revision="278340" arch="arm">The
859 <filename>rpi.dtb</filename> module is now installed to
860 <filename class="directory">/boot/dtb/</filename> by
861 default for the Raspberry Pi system.</para>
863 <para revision="279189" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ff;"
864 arch="powerpc">Kernel support for Vector-Scalar eXtension
865 (<acronym>VSX</acronym>) found on POWER7 and POWER8 hardware
866 has been added.</para>
868 <para revision="279252" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ff;"
869 arch="powerpc">The &man.pmap.9; implementation for 64-bit
870 &powerpc; processors has been overhaulded to improve
873 <para revision="279824" arch="arm">A new module for creating
874 the <filename>dtb</filename> module for AM335x systems has
877 <para revision="281495" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ff;">The
878 <literal>PAE_TABLES</literal> kernel configuration option has
879 been added for &os;/&arch.i386;, which instructs &man.pmap.9;
880 to use <acronym>PAE</acronym> format for page tables while
881 maintaining a 32-bit physical address size elsewhere in the
882 kernel. The use of this option can enhance application-level
883 security by enabling the creation of <quote>no execute</quote>
884 mappings on modern &arch.i386; processors. Unlike the
885 <literal>PAE</literal> option, <literal>PAE_TABLES</literal>
886 preserves kernel binary interface (<acronym>KBI</acronym>)
887 compatibility with non-<literal>PAE</literal> kernels,
888 allowing non-<literal>PAE</literal> kernel modules and drivers
889 to work with a <literal>PAE_TABLES</literal>-enabled kernel.
890 Additionally, system limits are tuned for 4GB maximum
891 <acronym>RAM</acronym>, avoiding kernel virtual address space
892 (<acronym>KVA</acronym>) exhaustion.</para>
894 <para revision="282215">The <literal>SIFTR</literal> kernel
895 configuration has been added, allowing building &man.siftr.4;
896 statically into the kernel.</para>
898 <para revision="282731" arch="arm">The &arch.arm; boot loader,
899 <filename>ubldr</filename>, is now relocatable. In addition,
900 <filename>ubldr.bin</filename> is now created during build
901 time, which is a stripped binary with an entry point of
902 <literal>0</literal>, providing the ability to specify the
903 load address by running <literal>go
904 ${loadaddr}</literal> in
905 <literal>u-boot</literal>.</para>
907 <para revision="282921" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&intelcorp;"
908 arch="amd64,i386">The &man.nvd.4; and &man.nvme.4; drivers are
909 now included in the <filename>GENERIC</filename> kernel
910 configuration by default.</para>
912 <para revision="283959" contrib="sponsor"
913 sponsor="&limelight;">A new kernel configuration option,
914 <literal>EM_MULTIQUEUE</literal>, has been added which enables
915 multi-queue support in the &man.em.4; driver.</para>
918 <para>Multi-queue support in the &man.em.4; driver is not
919 officially supported by &intel;.</para>
922 <para revision="285142" contrib="sponsor"
923 sponsor="&netgate;">The <filename>GENERIC</filename> kernel
924 configuration has been updated to include the
925 <literal>IPSEC</literal> option by default.</para>
927 <para revision="285387" contrib="sponsor"
928 sponsor="&norse;, &dell;">Initial <acronym>NUMA</acronym>
929 affinity and policy configuration has been added. See
930 &man.numactl.1;, and &man.numa.getaffinity.2;, for usage
933 <para revision="286231">The &man.pms.4; driver has been added
934 to the <filename>GENERIC</filename> kernel configuration for
935 supported architectures.</para>
938 <sect2 xml:id="kernel-sysctl">
939 <title>System Tuning and Controls</title>
941 <para revision="275140" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ff;">The
942 &man.hwpmc.4; default and maximum callchain depths have been
943 increased. The default has been increased from 16 to 32, and
944 the maximum increased from 32 to 128.</para>
946 <para revision="279361">The <literal>kern.osrelease</literal>
947 and <literal>kern.osreldate</literal> are now configurable
948 &man.jail.8; parameters.</para>
950 <para revision="280308,280949" contrib="sponsor"
951 sponsor="&ix;, &ff;">The &man.devfs.5; device filesystem has
952 been changed to update timestamps for read/write operations
953 using seconds precision. A new &man.sysctl.8;,
954 <literal>vfs.devfs.dotimes</literal> has been added, which
955 when set to a non-zero value, enables default precision
956 timestamps for these operations.</para>
958 <para revision="282213" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ff;">A new
959 &man.sysctl.8;, <literal>kern.racct.enable</literal>, has been
960 added, which when set to a non-zero value allows using
961 &man.rctl.8; with the <literal>GENERIC</literal> kernel.
962 A new kernel configuration option,
963 <literal>RACCT_DISABLED</literal> has also been added.</para>
965 <para revision="282901" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ff;">The
966 <literal>GENERIC</literal> kernel configuration now includes
967 <literal>RACCT</literal> and <literal>RCTL</literal> by
971 <para>To enable <literal>RACCT</literal> and
972 <literal>RCTL</literal> on a system using the
973 <literal>GENERIC</literal> kernel configuration, add
974 <literal>kern.racct.enable=1</literal> to
975 &man.loader.conf.5;, and reboot the system.</para>
978 <para revision="283136" contrib="sponsor"
979 sponsor="&limelight;">A new &man.sysctl.8;,
980 <literal>net.inet.tcp.hostcache.purgenow</literal>, has
981 been added, which when set to <literal>1</literal> during
982 runtime will flush all
983 <literal>net.inet.tcp.hostcache</literal> entries.</para>
985 <para revision="285524">A new &man.sysctl.8;,
986 <literal>hw.model</literal>, has been added, which displays
987 <acronym>CPU</acronym> model information.</para>
991 <sect1 xml:id="drivers">
992 <title>Devices and Drivers</title>
994 <para>This section covers changes and additions to devices and
995 device drivers since &release.prev;.</para>
997 <sect2 xml:id="drivers-device">
998 <title>Device Drivers</title>
1000 <para revision="260903">Support for GPS ports has been added to
1001 &man.uhso.4;.</para>
1003 <para revision="265132">The &man.full.4; device has been added,
1004 and the <literal>lindev(4)</literal> device has been removed.
1005 Prior to this change, <literal>lindev(4)</literal> provided
1006 only the <filename>/dev/full</filename> character device,
1007 returning <literal>ENOSPC</literal> on write attempts. As
1008 this device is not specific to &linux;, a native &os; version
1009 has been added.</para>
1011 <para revision="271705">Hardware context support has been
1012 added to the <literal>drm/i915</literal> driver, adding
1013 support for <application>Mesa</application> 9.2 and
1016 <para revision="273178">The &man.vt.4; driver has been updated,
1017 replacing the bitmapped <literal>kern.vt.spclkeys</literal>
1018 &man.sysctl.8; with individual
1019 <literal>kern.vt.kbd_*</literal> variants.</para>
1021 <para revision="273598">The &man.hpet.4; driver has been updated
1023 <filename>/dev/hpet<replaceable>N</replaceable></filename>
1024 device, providing access to <acronym>HPET</acronym> from
1027 <para revision="280183">The <literal>drm</literal> code has
1028 been updated to match &linux; version 3.8.13.</para>
1030 <para revision="281440">The &man.psm.4; driver has been updated
1031 to include improved support for newer Synaptics ®
1032 touchpads and the ClickPad ® mouse on newer
1033 Lenovo ™ laptops.</para>
1035 <para revision="282783" arch="powerpc">Support for the Freescale
1036 <acronym>PCI</acronym> Root Complex device has been
1039 <para revision="285876">The &man.cyapa.4; driver has been added,
1040 supporting the Cypress APA I2C trackpad.</para>
1042 <para revision="285883">The &man.isl.4; driver has been added,
1043 supporting the Intersil I2C ISL29018 digital ambient light
1047 <sect2 xml:id="drivers-storage">
1048 <title>Storage Drivers</title>
1050 <para revision="265236" contrib="sponsor"
1051 sponsor="&lsi;, &spectralogic;" sponsorurl="">The &man.mpr.4;
1052 device has been added, providing support for LSI Fusion-MPT
1053 3 12Gb SCSI/SATA controllers.</para>
1055 <para revision="265555" contrib="sponsor"
1056 sponsor="&lsi;">The &man.mrsas.4; driver has been added,
1057 providing support for LSI MegaRAID SAS controllers. The
1058 &man.mfi.4; driver will attach to the controller, by default.
1059 To enable &man.mrsas.4; add
1060 <literal>hw.mfi.mrsas_enable=1</literal> to
1061 <filename>/boot/loader.conf</filename>, which turns off
1062 &man.mfi.4; device probing.</para>
1065 <para>At this time, the &man.mfiutil.8; utility and the &os;
1066 version of <application>MegaCLI</application> and
1067 <application>StorCli</application> do not work with
1068 &man.mrsas.4;.</para>
1071 <para revision="275461" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ix;">The
1072 &man.ctl.4; subsystem has been updated, increasing the ports
1073 limit from <literal>128</literal> to <literal>256</literal>,
1074 and <acronym>LUN</acronym> limit from <literal>256</literal>
1075 to <literal>1024</literal>.</para>
1077 <para revision="276526">The <literal>asr(4)</literal> driver has
1078 been removed, and is no longer supported.</para>
1080 <para revision="281387">The &man.hptnr.4; driver has been
1081 updated to version 1.1.1.</para>
1083 <para revision="285662">The &man.pms.4; driver has been added,
1084 providing support for the PMC Sierra line of
1085 <acronym>SAS</acronym>/<acronym>SATA</acronym> host bus
1089 <sect2 xml:id="drivers-network">
1090 <title>Network Drivers</title>
1092 <para revision="258830">Support for Broadcom chipsets BCM57764,
1093 BCM57767, BCM57782, BCM57786 and BCM57787 has been added to
1096 <para revision="260448">Support for the &intel; Centrino™
1097 Wireless-N 135 chipset has been added.</para>
1099 <para revision="260552">Firmware for &intel; Centrino™
1100 Wireless-N 105 devices has been added to the base
1103 <para revision="261975">The deprecated nve(4) driver has been
1104 removed. Users of NVIDIA nForce MCP network adapters are
1105 advised to use the &man.nfe.4; driver instead, which has been
1106 the default driver for this hardware since
1107 &os; 7.0.</para>
1109 <para revision="264601" contrib="sponsor"
1110 sponsor="&darpa_afrl;">The <literal>if_nf10bmac(4)</literal>
1111 device has been added, providing support for NetFPGA-10G
1112 Embedded CPU Ethernet Core.</para>
1115 <para>The <literal>if_nf10bmac(4)</literal> driver operates on
1116 the FPGA, and is not suited for the PCI host
1120 <para revision="265348" contrib="sponsor"
1121 sponsor="&netgate;">The &man.ath.hal.4; driver has been
1122 updated to support the Atheros AR1111 chipset.</para>
1124 <para revision="266770">Support for the &intel; Centrino™
1125 Wireless-N 105 chipset has been added.</para>
1127 <para revision="266757" contrib="sponsor"
1128 sponsor="&chelsio;">Support for the &man.cxgbe.4; Terminator
1129 5 (T5) 10G/40G cards has been added to &man.netmap.4;.</para>
1131 <para revision="272730">The &man.alc.4; driver has been updated
1132 to support AR816x and AR817x ethernet controllers.</para>
1134 <para revision="272906">The &man.pf.4; packet filter default hash
1135 has been changed from <literal>Jenkins</literal> to
1136 <literal>Murmur3</literal>, providing a 3-percent performance
1137 increase in packets-per-second.</para>
1139 <para revision="273331">The &man.vxlan.4; driver has been added,
1140 which creates a virtual Layer 2 (Ethernet) network overlaid in
1141 a Layer 3 (IP/UDP) network. The &man.vxlan.4; driver is
1142 analogous to &man.vlan.4;, but is designed to be better suited
1143 for large, multiple-tenant datacenter environments.</para>
1145 <para revision="274246" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&yandex;">The
1146 &man.gre.4; driver has been significantly overhauled, and has
1147 been split into two separate modules, &man.gre.4; and
1150 <para revision="278551">The &man.ral.4; driver has been updated
1151 to support the RT5390 and RT5392 chipsets.</para>
1153 <para revision="283514" contrib="sponsor"
1154 sponsor="&solarflare;">The &man.sfxge.4; driver has been
1155 updated to support Solarflare Flareon Ultra 7000-series
1158 <para revision="283766" contrib="sponsor"
1159 sponsor="&limelight;">The &man.em.4; driver has been updated
1160 with improved transmission queue hang detection.</para>
1162 <para revision="284125">The &man.cdce.4; driver has been updated
1163 to include support for the RTL8153 chipset.</para>
1167 <sect1 xml:id="hardware">
1168 <title>Hardware Support</title>
1170 <para>This section covers general hardware support for physical
1171 machines, hypervisors, and virtualization environments, as well
1172 as hardware changes and updates that do not otherwise fit in
1173 other sections of this document.</para>
1175 <sect2 xml:id="hardware-support">
1176 <title>Hardware Support</title>
1178 <para revision="268303">The &man.asmc.4; driver has been
1179 updated to support the &apple; MacMini 3,1.</para>
1181 <para revision="268351">Support for &os;/ia64 has been dropped
1182 as of &os; 11.</para>
1184 <para revision="274386">An issue that could cause a system to
1185 hang when entering <acronym>ACPI</acronym>
1186 <literal>S3</literal> state (suspend to
1187 <acronym>RAM</acronym>) has been corrected in the &man.acpi.4;
1188 and &man.pci.4; drivers.</para>
1190 <para revision="274733" arch="powerpc">The power management unit
1191 subsystem has been updated to support power button events on
1192 certain &arch.powerpc; hardware, such as aluminum
1193 PowerBook ®.</para>
1195 <para revision="275171,275190" arch="powerpc">The &man.hwpmc.4;
1196 driver has been updated to correct performance counter
1197 sampling on G4 (MPC74xxx) and G5 class processors.</para>
1199 <para revision="275732" contrib="sponsor"
1200 sponsor="&ff;,&netgate;">The
1201 <application>OpenCrypto</application> framework has been
1202 updated to include <literal>AES-ICM</literal> and
1203 <literal>AES-GCM</literal> modes, both of which have also been
1204 added to the &man.aesni.4; driver.</para>
1206 <para revision="281713" arch="powerpc">The &man.hwpmc.4;
1207 driver has been updated to support the Freescale e500
1210 <para revision="283766">The &man.ig4.4; driver has been added,
1211 providing support for the fourth generation &intel;
1212 <acronym>I2C</acronym> SMBus.</para>
1214 <para>The &man.uart.4; driver has been updated to support
1215 <acronym>AMT</acronym> devices on newer systems.</para>
1217 <para revision="285316" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ff;"
1218 arch="arm64">Initial <acronym>SMP</acronym> support has been
1219 added to the &os;/&arch.arm64; port.</para>
1222 <sect2 xml:id="hardware-virtualization">
1223 <title>Virtualization Support</title>
1225 <para revision="260410">Support for the <quote>Virtual Interrupt
1226 Delivery</quote> feature of &intel; VT-x is enabled if
1227 supported by the CPU. This feature can be disabled by running
1228 <literal>sysctl hw.vmm.vmx.use_apic_vid=0</literal>.
1229 Additionally, to persist this setting across reboots, add
1230 <literal>hw.vmm.vmx.use_apic_vid=0</literal> to
1231 <filename>/etc/sysctl.conf</filename>.</para>
1233 <para revision="260532">Support for <quote>Posted Interrupt
1234 Processing</quote> is enabled if supported by the CPU. This
1235 feature can be disabled by running <literal>sysctl
1236 hw.vmm.vmx.use_apic_pir=0</literal>. Additionally, to
1237 persist this setting across reboots, add
1238 <literal>hw.vmm.vmx.use_apic_pir=0</literal> to
1239 <filename>/etc/sysctl.conf</filename>.</para>
1241 <para revision="260582">Unmapped IO support has been added to
1242 &man.virtio_blk.4;.</para>
1244 <para revision="260583">Unmapped IO support has been added to
1245 &man.virtio_scsi.4;.</para>
1247 <para revision="260847">The &man.virtio_random.4; driver has
1248 been added to harvest entropy from the host system.</para>
1250 <para revision="261504">&os;/&arch.i386; guests can be run under
1253 <para revision="267536" contrib="sponsor"
1254 sponsor="&citrix.rd;">Support for running a &os;/&arch.amd64;
1255 <application>Xen</application> guest instance as
1256 <acronym>PVH</acronym> guest has been added.
1257 <acronym>PVH</acronym> mode, short for <quote>Para-Virtualized
1258 Hardware</quote>, uses para-virtualized drivers for boot and
1259 I/O, and uses hardware virtualization extensions for all other
1260 tasks, without the need for emulation.</para>
1262 <para revision="273375">The &man.bhyve.8; hypervisor has been
1263 updated to support &amd; processors with
1264 <acronym>SVM</acronym> and <acronym>AMD-V</acronym> hardware
1267 <para revision="273515">The &man.virtio.console.4; driver has
1268 been added, which provides an interface to VirtIO console
1269 devices through a &man.tty.4; device.</para>
1271 <para revision="279957">The &man.bhyve.8; hypervisor has been
1272 updated to support <literal>DSM TRIM</literal> commands for
1273 virtual <acronym>AHCI</acronym> disks.</para>
1275 <para revision="281439" arch="arm">Support for the
1276 <application>QEMU</application> <literal>virt</literal> system
1277 has been added.</para>
1279 <para revision="282212" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&msostc;">The
1280 Hyper-V™ drivers have been updated with several
1281 enhancements:</para>
1285 <para>The &man.hv.vmbus.4; driver now has multi-channel
1290 <para>The &man.hv.storvsc.4; driver now has scatter/gather
1291 support, in addition to performance improvements.</para>
1295 <para>The &man.hv.kvp.4; driver has received several bug
1300 <para revision="282274">Support for &man.xen.4; para-virtualized
1301 <literal>domU</literal> kernels has been removed.</para>
1303 <para revision="284746" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&msostc;">The
1304 &man.hv.netvsc.4; driver has been updated to support checksum
1305 offloading and <acronym>TSO</acronym>.</para>
1307 <para revision="286062">The &man.xen.4; driver has been updated
1308 to include support for <literal>blkif</literal> indirect
1312 <sect2 xml:id="hardware-arm">
1313 <title>ARM Support</title>
1315 <para revision="260921">The &man.nand.4; device is enabled for
1316 ARM devices by default.</para>
1318 <para revision="266943" arch="arm">Support for the Exynos 5420
1319 Octa system has been added.</para>
1321 <para revision="267390" arch="arm">The <acronym>SMP</acronym>
1322 option has been enabled for all Exynos 5 systems supported by
1325 <para revision="268838" arch="arm">Support for the Toradex
1326 Apalis i.MX6 development board has been added.</para>
1328 <para revision="273264" arch="armv6">An issue that could cause
1329 instability when detecting <acronym>SD</acronym> cards on the
1330 Raspberry Pi <acronym>SOC</acronym> has been fixed.</para>
1332 <para revision="275963">The <literal>bcm2835_cpufreq</literal>
1333 driver has been added, which supports <acronym>CPU</acronym>
1334 frequency and voltage control on the Raspberry Pi
1335 <acronym>SOC</acronym>.</para>
1337 <para revision="277042" arch="arm">Support to turn off the
1338 BeagleBone Black system with the &man.shutdown.8;
1339 <literal>-p</literal> flag or by invoking &man.poweroff.8; has
1342 <para revision="277644" arch="arm">Audio transmission drivers
1343 have been added for Digital Audio Multiplexer
1344 (<acronym>AUDMUXM</acronym>), Smart Direct Memory Access
1345 Controller (<acronym>SDMA</acronym>), and Syncronous Serial
1346 Interface (<acronym>SSI</acronym>).</para>
1348 <para revision="280259" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ff;">Initial
1349 support for the ARM AArch64 architecture has been
1352 <para revision="282779" arch="arm">Kernel support for Thumb-2
1353 userland has been added.</para>
1355 <para revision="282827">Support for the hardware power button
1356 on the BeagleBone Black system has been added.</para>
1358 <para revision="284273" contrib="sponsor"
1359 sponsor="&ff;">Initial
1360 <acronym>ACPI</acronym> support has been added for
1361 &os;/&arch.arm64;.</para>
1365 <sect1 xml:id="storage">
1366 <title>Storage</title>
1368 <para>This section covers changes and additions to file systems
1369 and other storage subsystems, both local and networked.</para>
1371 <sect2 xml:id="storage-general">
1372 <title>General Storage</title>
1374 <para revision="278037" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ix;">The
1375 &man.ctl.4; <acronym>LUN</acronym> mapping has been rewritten,
1376 replacing <acronym>iSCSI</acronym>-specific mapping mechanisms
1377 with a new mechanism that works for any port.</para>
1379 <para revision="278354" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ix;">The
1380 &man.ctld.8; utility has been updated to allow controlling
1381 non-<acronym>iSCSI</acronym> &man.ctl.4; ports.</para>
1383 <para revision="275681" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ff;">The
1384 &man.autofs.5; subsystem has been updated to include a new
1385 &man.auto.master.5; map, <literal>-media</literal>, which
1386 allows automatically mounting removable media, such as
1387 <acronym>CD</acronym> drives or <acronym>USB</acronym> flash
1390 <para revision="279955" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ff;">The
1391 &man.autofs.5; subsystem has been updated to include a new
1392 &man.auto.master.5; map, <literal>-noauto</literal>, which
1393 handles &man.fstab.5; entries set to
1394 <literal>noauto</literal>.</para>
1397 <sect2 xml:id="storage-net">
1398 <title>Networked Storage</title>
1400 <para revision="270096" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ff;">The new
1401 filesystem automount facility, &man.autofs.5;, has been added.
1402 The new &man.autofs.5; facility is similar to that found in
1403 other &unix;-like operating systems, such as OS X™
1404 and Solaris™. The &man.autofs.5; facility uses
1405 a &sun;-compatible &man.auto.master.5; configuration file, and
1406 is administered with the &man.automount.8; userland utility,
1407 and the &man.automountd.8; and &man.autounmountd.8;
1410 <para revision="273849" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ff;">Support
1411 for the <literal>timeo</literal>, <literal>actimeo</literal>,
1412 <literal>noac</literal>, and <literal>proto</literal> options
1413 have been added to &man.mount.nfs.8;.</para>
1416 <sect2 xml:id="storage-zfs">
1419 <para revision="275748">The <literal>arc_meta_limit</literal>
1420 statistics are now visible through the
1421 <literal>kstat</literal> &man.sysctl.8;. As a result of this
1422 change, the <literal>vfs.zfs.arc_meta_used</literal>
1423 &man.sysctl.8; has been removed, and replaced with the
1424 <literal>kstat.zfs.misc.arcstats.arc_meta_used</literal>
1425 &man.sysctl.8;.</para>
1428 <sect2 xml:id="storage-geom">
1429 <title>&man.geom.4;</title>
1431 <para revision="267359">Support for the
1432 <literal>disklabel64</literal> partitioning scheme has been
1433 added to &man.gpart.8;.</para>
1435 <para revision="282465">Support for the
1436 <literal>apple-boot</literal>, <literal>apple-hfs</literal>,
1437 and <literal>apple-ufs</literal> <acronym>MBR</acronym>
1438 partitioning schemes have been added to &man.gpart.8;.</para>
1440 <para revision="285594" contrib="sponsor"
1441 sponsor="&scaleengine;">The &man.gpart.8; utility has been
1442 updated to include a new attribute for <acronym>GPT</acronym>
1443 partitions, <literal>lenovofix</literal>, which when set,
1444 which works around <acronym>BIOS</acronym> compatibility
1445 issues reported on several Lenovo ™ laptops.</para>
1449 <sect1 xml:id="boot">
1450 <title>Boot Loader Changes</title>
1452 <para>This section covers the boot loader, boot menu, and other
1453 boot-related changes.</para>
1455 <sect2 xml:id="boot-loader">
1456 <title>Boot Loader Changes</title>
1458 <para revision="258431" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ff;">The
1459 memory test run at boot time on &os;/&arch.amd64; platforms
1460 has been disabled by default.</para>
1462 <para revision="262955">A new &man.ttys.5; class,
1463 <literal>3wire</literal>, has been added. This is similar to
1464 the existing terminal classes, but does not have a defined
1467 <para revision="274085">The &man.vt.4; driver has been made the
1468 default system console driver. The &man.syscons.4; driver is
1469 still available, and can be enabled by adding
1470 <literal>kern.vty=sc</literal> in &man.loader.conf.5;.
1471 Alternatively, &man.syscons.4; can be enabled at boot time by
1472 entering <literal>set kern.vty=sc</literal> at the
1473 &man.loader.8; prompt.</para>
1475 <para revision="279950">Support for <literal>bzipfs</literal>
1476 has been added to the <acronym>EFI</acronym> loader.</para>
1478 <para revision="281616">The boot loader has been updated to
1479 support entering the <acronym>GELI</acronym> passphrase before
1480 loading the kernel. To enable this behavior, add
1481 <literal>geom_eli_passphrase_prompt="YES"</literal> to
1482 &man.loader.conf.5;.</para>
1484 <para revision="284683" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ff;"
1485 arch="arm">The &man.ttys.5; file for &os;/&arch.arm; has been
1486 updated to enable <filename>ttyu1</filename>,
1487 <filename>ttyu2</filename>, and <filename>ttyu3</filename> by
1488 default, if the callin port is an active console port.</para>
1491 <sect2 xml:id="boot-menu">
1492 <title>Boot Menu Changes</title>
1498 <sect1 xml:id="network">
1499 <title>Networking</title>
1501 <para>This section describes changes that affect networking in
1504 <sect2 xml:id="network-protocols">
1505 <title>Network Protocols</title>
1507 <para revision="263140">Support for the IPX network transport
1508 protocol has been removed, and will not be supported in
1509 &os; 11 and later releases.</para>
1511 <para revision="272720" contrib="sponsor"
1512 sponsor="&limelight;">Support for <acronym>PLPMTUD</acronym>
1513 blackhole detection (<acronym>RFC</acronym> 4821) has been
1514 added to the &man.tcp.4; stack, disabled by default. New
1515 control tunables have been added:</para>
1517 <informaltable frame="none" pgwide="0">
1519 <colspec colwidth="1*"/>
1520 <colspec colwidth="1*"/>
1523 <entry>Tunable</entry>
1524 <entry>Description</entry>
1530 <entry><literal>net.inet.tcp.pmtud_blackhole_detection</literal></entry>
1531 <entry>Enables or disables <acronym>PLPMTUD</acronym>
1532 blackhole detection</entry>
1536 <entry><literal>net.inet.tcp.pmtud_blackhole_mss</literal></entry>
1537 <entry><acronym>MSS</acronym> to try for IPv4</entry>
1541 <entry><literal>net.inet.tcp.v6pmtud_blackhole_mss</literal></entry>
1542 <entry><acronym>MSS to try for IPv6</acronym></entry>
1548 <para>New monitoring &man.sysctl.8;s haven been added:</para>
1550 <informaltable frame="none" pgwide="0">
1552 <colspec colwidth="1*"/>
1553 <colspec colwidth="1*"/>
1556 <entry>Tunable</entry>
1557 <entry>Description</entry>
1563 <entry><literal>net.inet.tcp.pmtud_blackhole_activated</literal></entry>
1564 <entry>Number of times the code was activated to attempt
1565 downshifting the <acronym>MSS</acronym></entry>
1569 <entry><literal>net.inet.tcp.pmtud_blackhole_min_activated</literal></entry>
1570 <entry>Number of times the blackhole
1571 <acronym>MSS</acronym> was used in an attempt to
1576 <entry><literal>net.inet.tcp.pmtud_blackhole_failed</literal></entry>
1577 <entry>Number of times that the blackhole failed to
1578 connect after downshifting the
1579 <acronym>MSS</acronym></entry>
1585 <para revision="280971" contrib="sponsor"
1586 sponsor="&netflix;, &nginx;">Support for <acronym>IP</acronym>
1587 identification for atomic datagrams (<acronym>RFC</acronym>
1588 6864) has been added. Support for this feature can be toggled
1589 with the <literal>net.inet.ip.rfc6864</literal>
1590 &man.sysctl.8;, which is enabled by default.</para>
1592 <para revision="285336" contrib="sponsor"
1593 sponsor="&netgate;">The <acronym>IPSEC</acronym> has been
1594 updated to include support for <acronym>AES</acronym> modes on
1595 both software-only and hardware-backed (&man.aesni.4;)
1600 <sect1 xml:id="ports">
1601 <title>Ports Collection and Package Infrastructure</title>
1603 <para>This section covers changes to the &os; Ports
1604 Collection, package infrastructure, and package maintenance and
1605 installation tools.</para>
1607 <sect2 xml:id="ports-infrastructure">
1608 <title>Infrastructure Changes</title>
1613 <sect2 xml:id="ports-packages ">
1614 <title>Packaging Changes</title>
1620 <sect1 xml:id="doc">
1621 <title>Documentation</title>
1623 <para>This section covers changes to the &os; Documentation
1624 Project sources and toolchain.</para>
1626 <sect2 xml:id="doc-sources">
1627 <title>Documentation Source Changes</title>
1632 <sect2 xml:id="doc-toolchain">
1633 <title>Documentation Toolchain Changes</title>
1639 <sect1 xml:id="releng">
1640 <title>Release Engineering and Integration</title>
1642 <para>This section convers changes that are specific to the
1643 &os; Release Engineering processes.</para>
1645 <sect2 xml:id="releng-changes">
1646 <title>Integration Changes</title>
1648 <para revision="277458" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ff;">The
1649 Release Engineering build tools have been updated to include
1650 support for producing virtual machine disk images for various
1651 cloud hosting providers.</para>
1653 <para revision="278926">The Release Engineering build tools have
1654 been updated to use multi-threaded &man.xz.1;. By default,
1655 the number of &man.xz.1; threads is set to the number of cores
1658 <para revision="281802" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ff;">The
1659 Release Engineering build tools have been updated to include
1660 support for building &os;/&arch.arm64; virtual machine and
1661 memory stick installation images.</para>
1663 <para revision="282693" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ff;">The
1664 Release Engineering build tools have been updated to support
1665 building &os;/&arch.arm; images without external utilities for
1666 supported boards where a corresponding
1667 <literal>u-boot</literal> port exists in the Ports
1670 <para revision="283307" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ff;">The
1671 &os;/&arch.i386; memory stick installation images are now
1672 created using the &man.mkimg.1; utility, matching the way
1673 the &os;/&arch.amd64; images are created.</para>