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4 <!ENTITY % release PUBLIC "-//FreeBSD//ENTITIES Release Specification//EN" "release.ent">
6 <!ENTITY % sponsor PUBLIC "-//FreeBSD//ENTITIES Sponsor Specification//EN" "sponsor.ent">
8 <!ENTITY % vendor PUBLIC "-//FreeBSD//ENTITIES Vendor Specification//EN" "vendor.ent">
10 <!ENTITY security SYSTEM "../../share/xml/security.xml">
11 <!ENTITY errata SYSTEM "../../share/xml/errata.xml">
13 <article xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook"
14 xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" version="5.0">
17 <title>&os; &release.current; Release Notes</title>
20 <orgname>The &os; Project</orgname>
23 <pubdate>$FreeBSD$</pubdate>
25 <!-- Last rev: 284814 -->
29 <holder role="mailto:doc@FreeBSD.org">The &os; Documentation
33 <legalnotice xml:id="trademarks" role="trademarks">
43 <para>The release notes for &os; &release.current; contain
44 a summary of the changes made to the &os; base system on the
45 &release.branch; development line. This document lists
46 applicable security advisories that were issued since the last
47 release, as well as significant changes to the &os; kernel and
48 userland. Some brief remarks on upgrading are also
53 <sect1 xml:id="intro">
54 <title>Introduction</title>
56 <para>This document contains the release notes for &os;
57 &release.current;. It describes recently added, changed, or
58 deleted features of &os;. It also provides some notes on
59 upgrading from previous versions of &os;.</para>
61 <para releasetype="current">The &release.type; distribution to
62 which these release notes apply represents the latest point
63 along the &release.branch; development branch since
64 &release.branch; was created. Information regarding pre-built,
65 binary &release.type; distributions along this branch can be
67 xlink:href="&release.url;">&release.url;</uri>.</para>
69 <para releasetype="snapshot">The &release.type; distribution to
70 which these release notes apply represents a point along the
71 &release.branch; development branch between &release.prev; and
72 the future &release.next;. Information regarding pre-built,
73 binary &release.type; distributions along this branch can be
75 xlink:href="&release.url;">&release.url;</uri>.</para>
77 <para releasetype="release">This distribution of &os;
78 &release.current; is a &release.type; distribution. It can be
79 found at <uri xlink:href="&release.url;">&release.url;</uri> or
80 any of its mirrors. More information on obtaining this (or
81 other) &release.type; distributions of &os; can be found in the
83 xlink:href="&url.books.handbook;/mirrors.html"><quote>Obtaining
84 &os;</quote> appendix</link> to the <link
85 xlink:href="&url.books.handbook;/">&os;
86 Handbook</link>.</para>
88 <para>All users are encouraged to consult the release errata
89 before installing &os;. The errata document is updated with
90 <quote>late-breaking</quote> information discovered late in the
91 release cycle or after the release. Typically, it contains
92 information on known bugs, security advisories, and corrections
93 to documentation. An up-to-date copy of the errata for &os;
94 &release.current; can be found on the &os; Web site.</para>
96 <para>This document describes the most user-visible new or changed
97 features in &os; since &release.prev;. In general, changes
98 described here are unique to the &release.branch; branch unless
99 specifically marked as &merged; features.</para>
101 <para>Typical release note items document recent security
102 advisories issued after &release.prev;, new drivers or hardware
103 support, new commands or options, major bug fixes, or
104 contributed software upgrades. They may also list changes to
105 major ports/packages or release engineering practices. Clearly
106 the release notes cannot list every single change made to &os;
107 between releases; this document focuses primarily on security
108 advisories, user-visible changes, and major architectural
112 <sect1 xml:id="upgrade">
113 <title>Upgrading from Previous Releases of &os;</title>
115 <para arch="amd64,i386">Binary upgrades between RELEASE versions
116 (and snapshots of the various security branches) are supported
117 using the &man.freebsd-update.8; utility. The binary upgrade
118 procedure will update unmodified userland utilities, as well as
119 unmodified GENERIC kernels distributed as a part of an official
120 &os; release. The &man.freebsd-update.8; utility requires that
121 the host being upgraded have Internet connectivity.</para>
123 <para>Source-based upgrades (those based on recompiling the &os;
124 base system from source code) from previous versions are
125 supported, according to the instructions in
126 <filename>/usr/src/UPDATING</filename>.</para>
129 <para>Upgrading &os; should only be attempted after backing up
130 <emphasis>all</emphasis> data and configuration files.</para>
134 <sect1 xml:id="security-errata">
135 <title>Security and Errata</title>
137 <para>This section lists the various Security Advisories and
138 Errata Notices since &release.prev;.</para>
140 <sect2 xml:id="security">
141 <title>Security Advisories</title>
146 <sect2 xml:id="errata">
147 <title>Errata Notices</title>
153 <sect1 xml:id="userland">
154 <title>Userland</title>
156 <para>This section covers changes and additions to userland
157 applications, contributed software, and system utilities.</para>
159 <sect2 xml:id="userland-config">
160 <title>Userland Configuration Changes</title>
162 <para revision="266463">The default &man.newsyslog.conf.5; now
163 includes files in the
164 <filename>/etc/newsyslog.conf.d/</filename> and
165 <filename>/usr/local/etc/newsyslog.conf.d/</filename>
166 directories by default for &man.newsyslog.8;.</para>
168 <para revision="270675">The &man.mailwrapper.8; utility has been
169 updated to use &man.mailer.conf.5; from the
170 <literal>LOCALBASE</literal> environment variable, which
171 defaults to <filename class="directory">/usr/local</filename>
174 <para revision="272350">The <literal>MK_ARM_EABI</literal>
175 &man.src.conf.5; option has been removed.</para>
177 <para revision="285169">The <application>ntp</application> suite
178 has been updated to version 4.2.8p3.</para>
181 <sect2 xml:id="userland-programs">
182 <title>Userland Application Changes</title>
184 <para revision="258838" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ff;,
185 &google;" sponsorurl="">The &man.casperd.8; daemon has been
186 added, which provides access to functionality that is not
187 available in the <quote>capability mode</quote>
190 <para revision="260594">When unable to load a kernel module with
191 &man.kldload.8;, a message informing to view output of
192 &man.dmesg.8; is now printed, opposed to the previous output
193 <quote>Exec format error.</quote>.</para>
195 <para revision="260910">Allow &man.pciconf.8; to identify PCI
196 devices that are attached to a driver to be identified by
197 their device name instead of just the selector. Additionally,
198 an optional device argument to the <literal>-l</literal> flag
199 to restrict the output to only listing details about a single
202 <para revision="260913">A new flag, <quote>onifconsole</quote>
203 has been added to <filename>/etc/ttys</filename>. This allows
204 the system to provide a login prompt via serial console if the
205 device is an active kernel console, otherwise it is equivalent
206 to <literal>off</literal>.</para>
208 <para revision="260926">Support for displaying VPD for PCI
209 devices via &man.pciconf.8; has been added.</para>
211 <para revision="261498">&man.ping.8; protects against malicious
212 network packets using the Capsicum framework to drop
215 <para revision="265229">The &man.ps.1; utility has been
216 updated to include the <literal>-J</literal> flag, used to
217 filter output by matching &man.jail.8; IDs and names.
218 Additionally, argument <literal>0</literal> can be used to
219 <literal>-J</literal> to only list processes running on the
222 <para revision="265249">The &man.top.1; utility has been updated
223 to filter by &man.jail.8; ID or name, in followup to the
224 &man.ps.1; change in <literal>r265229</literal>.</para>
226 <para revision="266209">The &man.pmcstat.8; utility has been
227 updated to include a new flag, <literal>-l</literal>, which
228 ends event collection after the specified number of
231 <para revision="270745">The &man.ps.1; utility has been updated
232 to include a new keyword, <quote>tracer</quote>, which
233 displays the <acronym>PID</acronym> of the tracing
236 <para revision="271482">Support for adding empty partitions has
237 been added to the &man.mkimg.1; utility.</para>
239 <para revision="272166">The &man.primes.6; utility has been
240 updated to correctly enumerate prime numbers between
241 <literal>4295098369</literal> and
242 <literal>3825123056546413050</literal>, which prior to this
243 change, it would be possible for returned values to be
244 incorrectly identified as prime numbers.</para>
246 <para revision="272198">The &man.mkimg.1; utility has been
247 updated to include three options used to print information
248 about &man.mkimg.1; itself:</para>
250 <informaltable frame="none" pgwide="0">
252 <colspec colwidth="1*"/>
253 <colspec colwidth="1*"/>
256 <entry>Option</entry>
257 <entry>Output</entry>
263 <entry><literal>--version</literal></entry>
264 <entry>The current version of the &man.mkimg.1;
269 <entry><literal>--formats</literal></entry>
270 <entry>The disk image file formats supported by
271 &man.mkimg.1;</entry>
275 <entry><literal>--schemes</literal></entry>
276 <entry>The partition schemes supported by
277 &man.mkimg.1;</entry>
283 <para revision="272488">Userland &man.ctf.5; support in
284 &man.dtrace.1; has been added. With this change,
285 &man.dtrace.1; is able to resolve type info for function and
286 <acronym>USDT</acronym> probe arguments, and function return
289 <para revision="274960">The &man.elfdump.1; utility has been
290 updated to support capability mode provided by
291 &man.capsicum.4;.</para>
293 <para revision="275680" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ff;">The
294 &man.fstyp.8; utility has been added, which is used to
295 determine the filesystem on a specified device.</para>
297 <para revision="276881">The <literal>libedit</literal> library
298 has been updated to support <acronym>UTF</acronym>-8, which
299 additionally provides unicode support to &man.sh.1;.</para>
301 <para revision="276893" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ff;">The
302 &man.mkimg.1; utility has been updated to support the
303 <acronym>MBR</acronym> <acronym>EFI</acronym> partition
306 <para revision="277166" arch="powerpc">The &man.ptrace.2; system
307 call has been updated include support for Altivec registers on
308 &os;/&arch.powerpc;.</para>
310 <para revision="278320">A new device control utility,
311 &man.devctl.8; has been added, which allows making
312 administrative changes to individual devices, such as
313 attaching and detaching drivers, and enabling and disabling
314 devices. The &man.devctl.8; utility uses the new
315 &man.devctl.3; library.</para>
317 <para revision="279122" contrib="sponsor"
318 sponsor="&juniper;">The &man.netstat.1; utility has been
319 updated to link against the &man.libxo.3; shared
322 <para revision="279139">A new flag, <literal>-c</literal>, has
323 been added to the &man.mkimg.1; utility, which allows
324 specifying the capacity of the target disk image.</para>
326 <para revision="279315" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ff;">The
327 &man.uefisign.8; utility has been added.</para>
329 <para revision="279571" contrib="sponsor"
330 sponsor="&scaleengine;">The &man.freebsd-update.8; utility has
331 been updated to prevent fetching updated binary patches when
332 a previous upgrade has not been thoroughly completed.</para>
334 <para revision="280870">A regression in the &man.libarchive.3;
335 library that would prevent a directory from being included in
336 the archive when <literal>--one-file-system</literal> is used
337 has been fixed.</para>
339 <para revision="281311" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ff;">The
340 &man.ar.1; utility has been updated to set
341 <literal>ARCHIVE_EXTRACT_SECURE_SYMLINKS</literal> and
342 <literal>ARCHIVE_EXTRACT_SECURE_NODOTDOT</literal> to disallow
343 directory traversal when extracting an archive, similar to
346 <para revision="281617">A race condition in &man.wc.1; that
347 would cause final results to be sent to &man.stderr.4; when
348 receiving the <literal>SIGINFO</literal> signal has been
351 <para revision="282208" contrib="sponsor"
352 sponsor="&multiplay;">The &man.chflags.1;, &man.chgrp.1;,
353 &man.chmod.1;, and &man.chown.8; utilities now affect symbolic
354 links when the <literal>-R</literal> flag is specified, as
355 documented in &man.symlink.7;.</para>
357 <para revision="282608">The &man.date.1; utility has been
358 updated to print the modification time of the file passed as
359 an argument to the <literal>-r</literal> flag, improving
360 compatibility with the <acronym>GNU</acronym> &man.date.1;
361 utility behavior.</para>
363 <para revision="283961">The &man.pw.8; utility has been updated
364 with a new flag, <literal>-R</literal>, that sets the root
365 directory within which the utility will operate.</para>
367 <para revision="284297" contrib="sponsor"
368 sponsor="&clusterhq;">The &man.lockstat.1; utility has been
369 updated with several improvements:</para>
373 <para>Spin locks are now reported as the amount of time
374 spinning, instead of loop iterations.</para>
378 <para>Reader locks are now recognized as adaptive that can
383 <para>Lock aquisition events for successful reader try-lock
384 events are now reported.</para>
388 <para>Spin and block events are now reported before lock
389 acquisition events.</para>
393 <para revision="284589" contrib="sponsor"
394 sponsor="&scaleengine;">The &man.fstyp.8; utility has been
395 updated to be able to detect &man.zfs.8; and &man.geli.8;
398 <para revision="284883">The &man.mkimg.1; utility has been
399 updated to include support for <literal>NTFS</literal>
400 filesystems in both <acronym>MBR</acronym> and
401 <acronym>GPT</acronym> partitioning schemes.</para>
403 <para revision="285253">The &man.quota.1; utility has been
404 updated to include support for <acronym>IPv6</acronym>.</para>
406 <para revision="285420">The &man.jail.8; utility has been
407 updated to include a new flag, <literal>-l</literal>, which
408 ensures a clean environment in the target jail when used.
409 Additionally, &man.jail.8; will run a shell within the target
410 jail when run no commands are specified.</para>
412 <para revision="285550">The &man.w.1; utility has been updated
413 to display the full IPv6 remote address of the host from which
414 a user is connected.</para>
416 <para revision="285685">The &man.jail.8; framework has been
417 updated to allow mounting &man.linprocfs.5; and
418 &man.linsysfs.5; within a jail.</para>
420 <para revision="285772" contrib="sponsor"
421 sponsor="&emcisilon;">The &man.patch.1; utility has been
422 updated to include a new option to the <literal>-V</literal>
423 flag, <literal>none</literal>, which disables backup file
424 creation when applying a patch.</para>
426 <para revision="286010" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ff;">The
427 &man.ar.1; utility now enables deterministic mode
428 (<literal>-D</literal>) by default. This behavior can be
429 disabled by specifying the <literal>-U</literal> flag.</para>
431 <para revision="286289" contrib="sponsor"
432 sponsor="&scaleengine;">The &man.xargs.1; utility has been
433 updated to allow specifying <literal>0</literal> as an
434 argument to the <literal>-P</literal> (parallel mode) flag,
435 which allows creating as many concurrent processes as
438 <para revision="286795">The &man.patch.1; utility has been
439 updated to remove the automatic checkout feature.</para>
441 <para revision="287473" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&gandi;">A
442 new utility, &man.sesutil.8;, has been added, which is used
443 to manage &man.ses.4; devices.</para>
445 <para revision="287522">The &man.pciconf.8; utility has been
446 updated to use the PCI ID database from the <filename
447 role="package">misc/pciids</filename> package, if present,
448 falling back to the PCI ID database in the &os; base
452 <sect2 xml:id="userland-contrib">
453 <title>Contributed Software</title>
455 <para revision="258884" contrib="sponsor"
456 sponsor="&darpa_afrl;">&man.lldb.1; has been updated to
457 upstream snapshot version r196259.</para>
459 <para revision="260445">&man.byacc.1; has been updated to
460 version 20140101.</para>
462 <para revision="261283"><application>libc++</application> has
463 been updated to version 3.4.</para>
465 <para revision="261320"><application>OpenSSH</application> has
466 been updated to 6.5p1.</para>
468 <para revision="261344"><application>mdocml</application> has
469 been updated to version 1.12.3.</para>
471 <para revision="261991"><application>LLVM</application> and
472 <application>Clang</application> have been updated to
475 <para revision="275718">The <application>binutils</application>
476 suite of utilities has been updated to include upstream
477 patches that add new relocations for &arch.powerpc;
480 <para revision="276398" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ff;">The
481 <application>ELF Tool Chain</application> has been updated to
482 upstream revision r3136.</para>
484 <para revision="276551">The <application>texinfo</application>
485 utility and <literal>info</literal> pages were removed from
486 the base system. The <filename
487 role="package">print/texinfo</filename> port should be
488 installed on systems where <literal>info</literal> pages are
491 <para revision="276796" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ff;">The ELF
492 object manipulation tools
493 <application>addr2line</application>,
494 <application>elfcopy (strip)</application>,
495 <application>nm</application>,
496 <application>readelf</application>,
497 <application>size</application>, and
498 <application>strings</application> were switched to the
499 versions from the ELF Tool Chain project.</para>
501 <para revision="276881">The <literal>libedit</literal> library
502 has been updated to include <acronym>UTF-8</acronym> support,
503 adding <acronym>UTF-8</acronym> support to the &man.sh.1;
506 <para revision="278433">The &man.xz.1; utility has been updated
507 to support multi-threaded compression.</para>
509 <para revision="280932" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ff;">The
510 <application>elftoolchain</application> utilities have been
511 updated to version 3179.</para>
513 <para revision="281316">The &man.xz.1; utility has been updated
514 to version 5.2.1.</para>
516 <para revision="281373">The &man.nvi.1; utility has been updated
517 to version 2.1.3.</para>
519 <para revision="281806">The &man.wpa.supplicant.8; and
520 &man.hostapd.8; utilities have been updated to version
523 <para revision="282089">The &man.unbound.8; utility has been
524 updated to version 1.5.3.</para>
526 <para revision="282434" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ff;">The
527 &man.resolvconf.8; utility has been updated to version
530 <para revision="282613">The &man.nc.1; utility has been updated
531 to the OpenBSD 5.7 version.</para>
533 <para revision="284254"><application>bmake</application> has
534 been updated to version 20150606.</para>
536 <para revision="285229"><application>sendmail</application> has
537 been updated to 8.15.2. Starting with &os; 11.0 and
538 sendmail 8.15, sendmail uses uncompressed IPv6 addresses by
539 default, i.e., they will not contain <quote>::</quote>. For
540 example, instead of <quote>::1</quote>, it will be
541 <quote>0:0:0:0:0:0:0:1</quote>. This permits a zero subnet to
542 have a more specific match, such as different map entries for
543 IPv6:0:0 versus IPv6:0. This change requires that
544 configuration data (including maps, files, classes, custom
545 ruleset, etc.) must use the same format, so make certain such
546 configuration data is upgrading. As a very simple check
547 search for patterns like 'IPv6:[0-9a-fA-F:]*::' and 'IPv6::'.
548 To return to the old behavior, set the m4 option
549 <literal>confUSE_COMPRESSED_IPV6_ADDRESSES</literal> or the cf
550 option <literal>UseCompressedIPv6Addresses</literal>.</para>
552 <para revision="285275">The &man.tcpdump.1; utility has been
553 updated to version 4.7.4.</para>
555 <para revision="285329"><application>OpenSSL</application> has
556 been updated to version 1.0.1p.</para>
558 <para revision="285642" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&dell;">The
559 &man.ssh.1; utility has been updated to re-implement hostname
560 canonicalization before locating the host in
561 <filename>known_hosts</filename>.</para>
563 <para revision="285972">The &man.libarchive.3; library has been
564 updated to properly skip a sparse file entry in a &man.tar.1;
565 file, which would previously produce errors.</para>
567 <para revision="286503">The <application>apr</application>
568 library used by &man.svnlite.1; has been updated to version
571 <para revision="286505">The <application>serf</application>
572 library used by &man.svnlite.1; has been updated to version
575 <para revision="286505">The &man.svnlite.1; utility has been
576 updated to version 1.8.14.</para>
578 <para revision="286510">The <application>sqlite3</application>
579 library used by &man.svnlite.1; and &man.kerberos.8; has been
580 updated to version 3.8.11.1.</para>
582 <para revision="286750">Timezone data files have been updated to
583 version 2015f.</para>
585 <para revision="287168">The &man.acpi.4; subsystem has been
586 updated to version 20150818.</para>
588 <para revision="288090">&man.jemalloc.3; has been updated to
589 version 4.0.2.</para>
591 <para revision="288143">The &man.file.1; utility has been
592 updated to version 5.25.</para>
595 <sect2 xml:id="userland-installer">
596 <title>Installation and Configuration Tools</title>
598 <para revision="271539">The &man.bsdinstall.8; partition editor
599 and &man.sade.8; utility have been updated to include native
600 <acronym>ZFS</acronym> support.</para>
602 <para revision="272274">The &os; installation utility,
603 &man.bsdinstall.8;, has been updated to set the
604 <literal>canmount</literal> &man.zfs.8; property to
605 <literal>off</literal> for the <filename
606 class="directory">/var</filename> dataset, preventing the
607 contents of directories within <filename
608 class="directory">/var</filename> from conflicting when
609 using multiple boot environments, such as that provided by
610 <filename role="package">sysutils/beadm</filename>.</para>
612 <para revision="274394">The &man.bsdconfig.8; utility has been
613 updated to skip the initial &man.tzsetup.8;
614 <acronym>UTC</acronym> versus wall-clock time prompt when run
615 in a virtual machine, determined when the
616 <literal>kern.vm_guest</literal> &man.sysctl.8; is set to
617 <literal>1</literal>.</para>
619 <para revision="275874">The &man.bsdinstall.8; utility has been
620 updated to use the new &man.dpv.3; library to display progress
621 when extracting the &os; distributions.</para>
623 <para revision="285557" contrib="sponsor"
624 sponsor="&scaleengine;">Support for detecting and implementing
625 aligning partitions on 1Mb boundaries has been added to
626 &man.bsdinstall.8;.</para>
628 <para revision="285679" contrib="sponsor"
629 sponsor="&scaleengine;">Support for detecting and implementing
630 a workaround for various laptops and motherboards that do not
631 boot properly from <acronym>GPT</acronym>-partitioned disks
632 has been added to &man.bsdinstall.8;. Additionally, the
633 <literal>active</literal> flag will be set on the partition
636 <para revision="285679" contrib="sponsor"
637 sponsor="&scaleengine;">Support for selecting the partitioning
638 scheme when installing on the <acronym>UFS</acronym>
639 filesystem has been added to &man.bsdinstall.8;.</para>
642 <sect2 xml:id="userland-rc">
643 <title><filename class="directory">/etc/rc.d</filename>
646 <para revision="270676">The &man.rc.8; subsystem has been
647 updated to allow configuring services in <filename
648 class="directory">${LOCALBASE}/etc/rc.conf.d/</filename>.
649 If <literal>LOCALBASE</literal> is unset, it defaults to
650 <filename class="directory">/usr/local</filename>.</para>
652 <para revision="273955">A new &man.rc.8; script,
653 <filename>growfs</filename>, has been added, which will resize
654 the root filesystem on boot if <filename>/firstboot</filename>
657 <para revision="275299">The <filename>mrouted</filename>
658 &man.rc.8; script has been removed from the base system. An
659 equivalent script is available from the <filename
660 role="package">net/mrouted</filename> port.</para>
662 <para revision="279463" contrib="sponsor"
663 sponsor="&sandvine;">A new &man.rc.8; script,
664 <filename>iovctl</filename>, has been added, which allows
665 automatically starting the &man.iovctl.8; utility at
668 <para revision="287576" contrib="sponsor"
669 sponsor="&scaleengine;">The &man.service.8; utility has been
670 updated to honor entries within <filename
671 class="directory">/etc/rc.conf.d/</filename>.</para>
675 <sect2 xml:id="userland-periodic">
676 <title><filename class="directory">/etc/periodic</filename>
679 <para revision="271321">The daily &man.periodic.8; script
680 <filename>110.clean-tmps</filename> has been updated to avoid
681 crossing filesystem mount boundaries when cleaning files in
682 <filename class="directory">/tmp</filename>.</para>
684 <para revision="277216" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ff;">A new
685 &man.periodic.8; script,
686 <filename>510.status-world-kernel</filename>, has been added,
687 which evaluates the running userland and kernel versions from
688 the &man.uname.1; <literal>-U</literal> and
689 <literal>-K</literal> arguments, and prints an error if the
690 system userland and kernel are not in sync.</para>
693 <sect2 xml:id="userland-libraries">
694 <title>Runtime Libraries and API</title>
696 <para revision="265995">The Blowfish &man.crypt.3; default
697 format has been changed to
698 <literal>$2b$</literal>.</para>
700 <para revision="268461">The &man.readline.3; library is now
701 statically linked in software within the base system, and the
702 shared library is no longer installed, allowing the Ports
703 Collection to use a modern version of the library.</para>
705 <para revision="272273">The &man.strptime.3; library has been
706 updated to add support for <acronym>POSIX</acronym>-2001
707 features <literal>%U</literal> and
708 <literal>%W</literal>.</para>
710 <para revision="272842,272848" contrib="sponsor"
711 sponsor="&ff;">The &man.dl.iterate.phdr.3; library has been
712 changed to always return the path name of the
713 <acronym>ELF</acronym> object in the
714 <literal>dlpi_name</literal> structure member.</para>
716 <para revision="273562" contrib="sponsor"
717 sponsor="&juniper;">The &man.libxo.3; library has been
718 imported to the base system.</para>
720 <para revision="273806" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&chelsio;">A
721 userland library for Chelsio Terminator 5 based iWARP cards
722 has been added, allowing userland <acronym>RDMA</acronym>
723 applications to work over compatible
724 <acronym>NIC</acronym>s.</para>
726 <para revision="274987">The &man.gpio.3; library has been added,
727 providing a wrapper around the &man.gpio.4; kernel
730 <para revision="275800" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ff;">The
731 &man.procctl.2; system call has been updated to include
732 a facility for non-&man.init.8; processes to be declared as
733 the reaper of child processes and their decendants.</para>
735 <para revision="277610">The <literal>futimens()</literal> and
736 <literal>utimensat()</literal> system calls have been
737 added. See &man.utimensat.2; for more information.</para>
739 <para revision="278934">The &man.elf.3; compile-time dependency
740 has been removed from <filename>dtri.o</filename>, which
741 allows adding <application>DTrace</application> probes to
742 userland applications and libraries without also linking
743 against &man.elf.3;.</para>
745 <para revision="279186">The &man.setmode.3; function has been
746 updated to consistently set <literal>errno</literal> on
749 <para revision="279663">The &man.qsort.3; functions have been
750 updated to be able to handle 32-bit aligned data on 64-bit
751 platforms, also providing a significant improvement in 32-bit
754 <para revision="281130">Several standard include headers have
755 been updated to use of <application>gcc</application>
756 attributes, such as <literal>__result_use_check()</literal>,
757 <literal>__alloc_size()</literal>, and
758 <literal>__nonnull()</literal>.</para>
760 <para revision="281845">Support for file verification in
761 <acronym>MAC</acronym> has been added.</para>
763 <para revision="282973" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ff;">The
764 <literal>libgomp</literal> library is now only built when
765 building <acronym>GCC</acronym> from the base system. An
766 up-to-date version is available in the Ports Collection as
768 role="package">devel/libiomp5-devel</filename>.</para>
770 <para revision="282988">The <filename>stdlib.h</filename> and
771 <filename>malloc.h</filename> headers have been updated to
772 make use of the <application>gcc</application>
773 <literal>alloc_align()</literal> attribute.</para>
775 <para revision="284483" contrib="sponsor"
776 sponsor="&scaleengine;">The Blowfish &man.crypt.3; library
777 has been updated to support $2y$ hashes.</para>
779 <para revision="285277">The &man.execl.3; and &man.execlp.3;
780 library functions have been updated to use the
781 <literal>__sentinel</literal> <application>gcc</application>
785 <sect2 xml:id="userland-abi">
786 <title>ABI Compatibility</title>
788 <para revision="271982">The &linux; compatibility version has
789 been updated to <literal>2.6.18</literal>. The
790 <literal>compat.linux.osrelease</literal> &man.sysctl.8; is
791 evaluated when building the <filename
792 role="package">emulators/linux-c6</filename> and related
797 <sect1 xml:id="kernel">
798 <title>Kernel</title>
800 <para>This section covers changes to kernel configurations, system
801 tuning, and system control parameters that are not otherwise
804 <sect2 xml:id="kernel-bugfix">
805 <title>Kernel Bug Fixes</title>
807 <para revision="265876">A kernel bug that inhibited proper
808 functionality of the <literal>dev.cpu.0.freq</literal>
809 &man.sysctl.8; on &intel; processors with Turbo
810 Boost ™ enabled has been fixed.</para>
812 <para revision="271697" arch="powerpc">Support for
813 &man.dtrace.1; stack tracing has been fixed for
814 &os;/&arch.powerpc;, using the <literal>trapexit()</literal>
815 and <literal>asttrapexit()</literal> functions instead of
816 checking within addressed kernel space.</para>
818 <para revision="271917">A kernel panic triggered when destroying
819 a &man.vnet.9; &man.jail.8; configured with &man.gif.4; has
822 <para revision="271918">A kernel panic triggered when destroying
823 a &man.vnet.9; &man.jail.8; configured with &man.gre.4; has
826 <para revision="272089">A bug in &man.ipfw.4; that could
827 potentially lead to a kernel panic when using &man.dummynet.4;
828 at layer 2 has been fixed.</para>
830 <para revision="280930" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&mitail;">The
831 kernel <acronym>RPC</acronym> has been updated to include
832 several enhancements:</para>
836 <para>The 45 MiB limit on requests queued for
837 &man.nfsd.8; threads has been removed.</para>
841 <para>Avoids unnecessary throttling by not deferring
842 accounting for completed requests.</para>
846 <para>Fixes an integer overflow and signedness bugs.</para>
850 <para revision="281261" arch="powerpc">Support for
851 &man.dtrace.1; has been added for the
852 Book-E ™.</para>
855 <sect2 xml:id="kernel-config">
856 <title>Kernel Configuration</title>
858 <para revision="266531">The <literal>IMAGACT_BINMISC</literal>
859 kernel configuration option has been enabled by default,
860 which enables application execution through emulators, such
861 as <application>Qemu</application>.</para>
863 <para revision="268045">The <literal>VT</literal> kernel
864 configuration file has been removed, and the &man.vt.4;
865 driver is included in the <literal>GENERIC</literal> kernel.
866 To enable &man.vt.4;, enter <literal>set kern.vty=vt</literal>
867 at the &man.loader.8; prompt during boot, or add
868 <literal>kern.vty=vt</literal> to &man.loader.conf.5; and
869 reboot the system.</para>
871 <para revision="277904">The &man.config.8; utility has been
872 updated to allow using a non-standard <filename
873 class="directory">src/</filename> tree, specified as an
874 argument to the <literal>-s</literal> flag.</para>
876 <para revision="277990" arch="powerpc64">The
877 &os;/&arch.powerpc64; kernel now builds as
878 a position-independent executable, allowing the kernel to be
879 loaded into and run from any physical or virtual
883 <para>This change requires an update to &man.loader.8;.
884 The userland and kernel must be updated before rebooting the
888 <para revision="278338" arch="arm">A new module for creating
889 <filename>rpi.dtb</filename> has been added for the Raspberry
892 <para revision="278340" arch="arm">The
893 <filename>rpi.dtb</filename> module is now installed to
894 <filename class="directory">/boot/dtb/</filename> by
895 default for the Raspberry Pi system.</para>
897 <para revision="279189" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ff;"
898 arch="powerpc">Kernel support for Vector-Scalar eXtension
899 (<acronym>VSX</acronym>) found on POWER7 and POWER8 hardware
900 has been added.</para>
902 <para revision="279252" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ff;"
903 arch="powerpc">The &man.pmap.9; implementation for 64-bit
904 &powerpc; processors has been overhaulded to improve
907 <para revision="279824" arch="arm">A new module for creating
908 the <filename>dtb</filename> module for AM335x systems has
911 <para revision="281495" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ff;">The
912 <literal>PAE_TABLES</literal> kernel configuration option has
913 been added for &os;/&arch.i386;, which instructs &man.pmap.9;
914 to use <acronym>PAE</acronym> format for page tables while
915 maintaining a 32-bit physical address size elsewhere in the
916 kernel. The use of this option can enhance application-level
917 security by enabling the creation of <quote>no execute</quote>
918 mappings on modern &arch.i386; processors. Unlike the
919 <literal>PAE</literal> option, <literal>PAE_TABLES</literal>
920 preserves kernel binary interface (<acronym>KBI</acronym>)
921 compatibility with non-<literal>PAE</literal> kernels,
922 allowing non-<literal>PAE</literal> kernel modules and drivers
923 to work with a <literal>PAE_TABLES</literal>-enabled kernel.
924 Additionally, system limits are tuned for 4GB maximum
925 <acronym>RAM</acronym>, avoiding kernel virtual address space
926 (<acronym>KVA</acronym>) exhaustion.</para>
928 <para revision="282215">The <literal>SIFTR</literal> kernel
929 configuration has been added, allowing building &man.siftr.4;
930 statically into the kernel.</para>
932 <para revision="282731" arch="arm">The &arch.arm; boot loader,
933 <filename>ubldr</filename>, is now relocatable. In addition,
934 <filename>ubldr.bin</filename> is now created during build
935 time, which is a stripped binary with an entry point of
936 <literal>0</literal>, providing the ability to specify the
937 load address by running <literal>go
938 ${loadaddr}</literal> in
939 <literal>u-boot</literal>.</para>
941 <para revision="282921" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&intelcorp;"
942 arch="amd64,i386">The &man.nvd.4; and &man.nvme.4; drivers are
943 now included in the <filename>GENERIC</filename> kernel
944 configuration by default.</para>
946 <para revision="283959" contrib="sponsor"
947 sponsor="&limelight;">A new kernel configuration option,
948 <literal>EM_MULTIQUEUE</literal>, has been added which enables
949 multi-queue support in the &man.em.4; driver.</para>
952 <para>Multi-queue support in the &man.em.4; driver is not
953 officially supported by &intel;.</para>
956 <para revision="285142" contrib="sponsor"
957 sponsor="&netgate;">The <filename>GENERIC</filename> kernel
958 configuration has been updated to include the
959 <literal>IPSEC</literal> option by default.</para>
961 <para revision="285387" contrib="sponsor"
962 sponsor="&norse;, &dell;">Initial <acronym>NUMA</acronym>
963 affinity and policy configuration has been added. See
964 &man.numactl.1;, and &man.numa.getaffinity.2;, for usage
967 <para revision="286231">The &man.pms.4; driver has been added
968 to the <filename>GENERIC</filename> kernel configuration for
969 supported architectures.</para>
971 <para revision="287306" arch="arm">The
972 <filename>CUBIEBOARD2</filename> kernel configuration has been
973 renamed to <filename>A20</filename>.</para>
976 <sect2 xml:id="kernel-sysctl">
977 <title>System Tuning and Controls</title>
979 <para revision="275140" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ff;">The
980 &man.hwpmc.4; default and maximum callchain depths have been
981 increased. The default has been increased from 16 to 32, and
982 the maximum increased from 32 to 128.</para>
984 <para revision="279361">The <literal>kern.osrelease</literal>
985 and <literal>kern.osreldate</literal> are now configurable
986 &man.jail.8; parameters.</para>
988 <para revision="280308,280949" contrib="sponsor"
989 sponsor="&ix;, &ff;">The &man.devfs.5; device filesystem has
990 been changed to update timestamps for read/write operations
991 using seconds precision. A new &man.sysctl.8;,
992 <literal>vfs.devfs.dotimes</literal> has been added, which
993 when set to a non-zero value, enables default precision
994 timestamps for these operations.</para>
996 <para revision="282213" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ff;">A new
997 &man.sysctl.8;, <literal>kern.racct.enable</literal>, has been
998 added, which when set to a non-zero value allows using
999 &man.rctl.8; with the <literal>GENERIC</literal> kernel.
1000 A new kernel configuration option,
1001 <literal>RACCT_DISABLED</literal> has also been added.</para>
1003 <para revision="282901" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ff;">The
1004 <literal>GENERIC</literal> kernel configuration now includes
1005 <literal>RACCT</literal> and <literal>RCTL</literal> by
1009 <para>To enable <literal>RACCT</literal> and
1010 <literal>RCTL</literal> on a system using the
1011 <literal>GENERIC</literal> kernel configuration, add
1012 <literal>kern.racct.enable=1</literal> to
1013 &man.loader.conf.5;, and reboot the system.</para>
1016 <para revision="283136" contrib="sponsor"
1017 sponsor="&limelight;">A new &man.sysctl.8;,
1018 <literal>net.inet.tcp.hostcache.purgenow</literal>, has
1019 been added, which when set to <literal>1</literal> during
1020 runtime will flush all
1021 <literal>net.inet.tcp.hostcache</literal> entries.</para>
1023 <para revision="285524">A new &man.sysctl.8;,
1024 <literal>hw.model</literal>, has been added, which displays
1025 <acronym>CPU</acronym> model information.</para>
1027 <para revision="286591">The &man.uart.4; driver has been
1028 updated to allow tuning packets per second captured during
1033 <sect1 xml:id="drivers">
1034 <title>Devices and Drivers</title>
1036 <para>This section covers changes and additions to devices and
1037 device drivers since &release.prev;.</para>
1039 <sect2 xml:id="drivers-device">
1040 <title>Device Drivers</title>
1042 <para revision="260903">Support for GPS ports has been added to
1043 &man.uhso.4;.</para>
1045 <para revision="265132">The &man.full.4; device has been added,
1046 and the <literal>lindev(4)</literal> device has been removed.
1047 Prior to this change, <literal>lindev(4)</literal> provided
1048 only the <filename>/dev/full</filename> character device,
1049 returning <literal>ENOSPC</literal> on write attempts. As
1050 this device is not specific to &linux;, a native &os; version
1051 has been added.</para>
1053 <para revision="271705">Hardware context support has been
1054 added to the <literal>drm/i915</literal> driver, adding
1055 support for <application>Mesa</application> 9.2 and
1058 <para revision="273178">The &man.vt.4; driver has been updated,
1059 replacing the bitmapped <literal>kern.vt.spclkeys</literal>
1060 &man.sysctl.8; with individual
1061 <literal>kern.vt.kbd_*</literal> variants.</para>
1063 <para revision="273598">The &man.hpet.4; driver has been updated
1065 <filename>/dev/hpet<replaceable>N</replaceable></filename>
1066 device, providing access to <acronym>HPET</acronym> from
1069 <para revision="280183">The <literal>drm</literal> code has
1070 been updated to match &linux; version 3.8.13.</para>
1072 <para revision="281440">The &man.psm.4; driver has been updated
1073 to include improved support for newer Synaptics ®
1074 touchpads and the ClickPad ® mouse on newer
1075 Lenovo ™ laptops.</para>
1077 <para revision="282783" arch="powerpc">Support for the Freescale
1078 <acronym>PCI</acronym> Root Complex device has been
1081 <para revision="285876">The &man.cyapa.4; driver has been added,
1082 supporting the Cypress APA I2C trackpad.</para>
1084 <para revision="285883">The &man.isl.4; driver has been added,
1085 supporting the Intersil I2C ISL29018 digital ambient light
1089 <sect2 xml:id="drivers-storage">
1090 <title>Storage Drivers</title>
1092 <para revision="265236" contrib="sponsor"
1093 sponsor="&lsi;, &spectralogic;" sponsorurl="">The &man.mpr.4;
1094 device has been added, providing support for LSI Fusion-MPT
1095 3 12Gb SCSI/SATA controllers.</para>
1097 <para revision="265555" contrib="sponsor"
1098 sponsor="&lsi;">The &man.mrsas.4; driver has been added,
1099 providing support for LSI MegaRAID SAS controllers. The
1100 &man.mfi.4; driver will attach to the controller, by default.
1101 To enable &man.mrsas.4; add
1102 <literal>hw.mfi.mrsas_enable=1</literal> to
1103 <filename>/boot/loader.conf</filename>, which turns off
1104 &man.mfi.4; device probing.</para>
1107 <para>At this time, the &man.mfiutil.8; utility and the &os;
1108 version of <application>MegaCLI</application> and
1109 <application>StorCli</application> do not work with
1110 &man.mrsas.4;.</para>
1113 <para revision="275461" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ix;">The
1114 &man.ctl.4; subsystem has been updated, increasing the ports
1115 limit from <literal>128</literal> to <literal>256</literal>,
1116 and <acronym>LUN</acronym> limit from <literal>256</literal>
1117 to <literal>1024</literal>.</para>
1119 <para revision="276526">The <literal>asr(4)</literal> driver has
1120 been removed, and is no longer supported.</para>
1122 <para revision="281387">The &man.hptnr.4; driver has been
1123 updated to version 1.1.1.</para>
1125 <para revision="285662">The &man.pms.4; driver has been added,
1126 providing support for the PMC Sierra line of
1127 <acronym>SAS</acronym>/<acronym>SATA</acronym> host bus
1130 <para revision="287117" contrib="sponsor"
1131 sponsor="&emcisilon;">The &man.ioat.4; driver has been added,
1132 providing support for the <acronym>PSE</acronym> (Platform
1133 Storage Extension).</para>
1135 <para revision="287621" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ix;">The
1136 <acronym>CTL</acronym> High Availability implementation has
1137 been rewritten.</para>
1140 <sect2 xml:id="drivers-network">
1141 <title>Network Drivers</title>
1143 <para revision="258830">Support for Broadcom chipsets BCM57764,
1144 BCM57767, BCM57782, BCM57786 and BCM57787 has been added to
1147 <para revision="260448">Support for the &intel; Centrino™
1148 Wireless-N 135 chipset has been added.</para>
1150 <para revision="260552">Firmware for &intel; Centrino™
1151 Wireless-N 105 devices has been added to the base
1154 <para revision="261975">The deprecated nve(4) driver has been
1155 removed. Users of NVIDIA nForce MCP network adapters are
1156 advised to use the &man.nfe.4; driver instead, which has been
1157 the default driver for this hardware since
1158 &os; 7.0.</para>
1160 <para revision="264601" contrib="sponsor"
1161 sponsor="&darpa_afrl;">The <literal>if_nf10bmac(4)</literal>
1162 device has been added, providing support for NetFPGA-10G
1163 Embedded CPU Ethernet Core.</para>
1166 <para>The <literal>if_nf10bmac(4)</literal> driver operates on
1167 the FPGA, and is not suited for the PCI host
1171 <para revision="265348" contrib="sponsor"
1172 sponsor="&netgate;">The &man.ath.hal.4; driver has been
1173 updated to support the Atheros AR1111 chipset.</para>
1175 <para revision="266770">Support for the &intel; Centrino™
1176 Wireless-N 105 chipset has been added.</para>
1178 <para revision="266757" contrib="sponsor"
1179 sponsor="&chelsio;">Support for the &man.cxgbe.4; Terminator
1180 5 (T5) 10G/40G cards has been added to &man.netmap.4;.</para>
1182 <para revision="272730">The &man.alc.4; driver has been updated
1183 to support AR816x and AR817x ethernet controllers.</para>
1185 <para revision="272906">The &man.pf.4; packet filter default hash
1186 has been changed from <literal>Jenkins</literal> to
1187 <literal>Murmur3</literal>, providing a 3-percent performance
1188 increase in packets-per-second.</para>
1190 <para revision="273331">The &man.vxlan.4; driver has been added,
1191 which creates a virtual Layer 2 (Ethernet) network overlaid in
1192 a Layer 3 (IP/UDP) network. The &man.vxlan.4; driver is
1193 analogous to &man.vlan.4;, but is designed to be better suited
1194 for large, multiple-tenant datacenter environments.</para>
1196 <para revision="274246" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&yandex;">The
1197 &man.gre.4; driver has been significantly overhauled, and has
1198 been split into two separate modules, &man.gre.4; and
1201 <para revision="278551">The &man.ral.4; driver has been updated
1202 to support the RT5390 and RT5392 chipsets.</para>
1204 <para revision="283514" contrib="sponsor"
1205 sponsor="&solarflare;">The &man.sfxge.4; driver has been
1206 updated to support Solarflare Flareon Ultra 7000-series
1209 <para revision="283766" contrib="sponsor"
1210 sponsor="&limelight;">The &man.em.4; driver has been updated
1211 with improved transmission queue hang detection.</para>
1213 <para revision="284125">The &man.cdce.4; driver has been updated
1214 to include support for the RTL8153 chipset.</para>
1216 <para revision="286441">The &man.iwm.4; driver has been imported
1217 from OpenBSD, providing support for &intel; 3160/7260/7265
1218 wireless chipsets.</para>
1220 <para revision="286829" contrib="sponsor"
1221 sponsor="&limelight;">The &man.em.4; driver has been updated
1222 to allow disabling <acronym>CRC</acronym> stripping.</para>
1224 <para revision="287222">The &man.pf.4; implementation has been
1225 updated to remove support for the <literal>scrub fragment
1226 crop|drop-ovl</literal> filtering rule. Systems with this
1227 rule in &man.pf.conf.5; will implicitly be converted to the
1228 <literal>scrub fragment reassemble</literal> filtering rule,
1229 without necessary intervention.</para>
1231 <para revision="287469" contrib="sponsor"
1232 sponsor="&intelcorp;">The &man.em.4; driver has been updated
1233 to support the Skylake I219 chipset.</para>
1237 <sect1 xml:id="hardware">
1238 <title>Hardware Support</title>
1240 <para>This section covers general hardware support for physical
1241 machines, hypervisors, and virtualization environments, as well
1242 as hardware changes and updates that do not otherwise fit in
1243 other sections of this document.</para>
1245 <sect2 xml:id="hardware-support">
1246 <title>Hardware Support</title>
1248 <para revision="268303">The &man.asmc.4; driver has been
1249 updated to support the &apple; MacMini 3,1.</para>
1251 <para revision="268351">Support for &os;/ia64 has been dropped
1252 as of &os; 11.</para>
1254 <para revision="274386">An issue that could cause a system to
1255 hang when entering <acronym>ACPI</acronym>
1256 <literal>S3</literal> state (suspend to
1257 <acronym>RAM</acronym>) has been corrected in the &man.acpi.4;
1258 and &man.pci.4; drivers.</para>
1260 <para revision="274733" arch="powerpc">The power management unit
1261 subsystem has been updated to support power button events on
1262 certain &arch.powerpc; hardware, such as aluminum
1263 PowerBook ®.</para>
1265 <para revision="275171,275190" arch="powerpc">The &man.hwpmc.4;
1266 driver has been updated to correct performance counter
1267 sampling on G4 (MPC74xxx) and G5 class processors.</para>
1269 <para revision="275732" contrib="sponsor"
1270 sponsor="&ff;,&netgate;">The
1271 <application>OpenCrypto</application> framework has been
1272 updated to include <literal>AES-ICM</literal> and
1273 <literal>AES-GCM</literal> modes, both of which have also been
1274 added to the &man.aesni.4; driver.</para>
1276 <para revision="281713" arch="powerpc">The &man.hwpmc.4;
1277 driver has been updated to support the Freescale e500
1280 <para revision="283766">The &man.ig4.4; driver has been added,
1281 providing support for the fourth generation &intel;
1282 <acronym>I2C</acronym> SMBus.</para>
1284 <para>The &man.uart.4; driver has been updated to support
1285 <acronym>AMT</acronym> devices on newer systems.</para>
1287 <para revision="285316" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ff;"
1288 arch="arm64">Initial <acronym>SMP</acronym> support has been
1289 added to the &os;/&arch.arm64; port.</para>
1292 <sect2 xml:id="hardware-virtualization">
1293 <title>Virtualization Support</title>
1295 <para revision="260410">Support for the <quote>Virtual Interrupt
1296 Delivery</quote> feature of &intel; VT-x is enabled if
1297 supported by the CPU. This feature can be disabled by running
1298 <literal>sysctl hw.vmm.vmx.use_apic_vid=0</literal>.
1299 Additionally, to persist this setting across reboots, add
1300 <literal>hw.vmm.vmx.use_apic_vid=0</literal> to
1301 <filename>/etc/sysctl.conf</filename>.</para>
1303 <para revision="260532">Support for <quote>Posted Interrupt
1304 Processing</quote> is enabled if supported by the CPU. This
1305 feature can be disabled by running <literal>sysctl
1306 hw.vmm.vmx.use_apic_pir=0</literal>. Additionally, to
1307 persist this setting across reboots, add
1308 <literal>hw.vmm.vmx.use_apic_pir=0</literal> to
1309 <filename>/etc/sysctl.conf</filename>.</para>
1311 <para revision="260582">Unmapped IO support has been added to
1312 &man.virtio_blk.4;.</para>
1314 <para revision="260583">Unmapped IO support has been added to
1315 &man.virtio_scsi.4;.</para>
1317 <para revision="260847">The &man.virtio_random.4; driver has
1318 been added to harvest entropy from the host system.</para>
1320 <para revision="261504">&os;/&arch.i386; guests can be run under
1323 <para revision="267536" contrib="sponsor"
1324 sponsor="&citrix.rd;">Support for running a &os;/&arch.amd64;
1325 <application>Xen</application> guest instance as
1326 <acronym>PVH</acronym> guest has been added.
1327 <acronym>PVH</acronym> mode, short for <quote>Para-Virtualized
1328 Hardware</quote>, uses para-virtualized drivers for boot and
1329 I/O, and uses hardware virtualization extensions for all other
1330 tasks, without the need for emulation.</para>
1332 <para revision="273375">The &man.bhyve.8; hypervisor has been
1333 updated to support &amd; processors with
1334 <acronym>SVM</acronym> and <acronym>AMD-V</acronym> hardware
1337 <para revision="273515">The &man.virtio.console.4; driver has
1338 been added, which provides an interface to VirtIO console
1339 devices through a &man.tty.4; device.</para>
1341 <para revision="279957">The &man.bhyve.8; hypervisor has been
1342 updated to support <literal>DSM TRIM</literal> commands for
1343 virtual <acronym>AHCI</acronym> disks.</para>
1345 <para revision="281439" arch="arm">Support for the
1346 <application>QEMU</application> <literal>virt</literal> system
1347 has been added.</para>
1349 <para revision="282212" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&msostc;">The
1350 Hyper-V™ drivers have been updated with several
1351 enhancements:</para>
1355 <para>The &man.hv.vmbus.4; driver now has multi-channel
1360 <para>The &man.hv.storvsc.4; driver now has scatter/gather
1361 support, in addition to performance improvements.</para>
1365 <para>The &man.hv.kvp.4; driver has received several bug
1370 <para revision="282274">Support for &man.xen.4; para-virtualized
1371 <literal>domU</literal> kernels has been removed.</para>
1373 <para revision="284746" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&msostc;">The
1374 &man.hv.netvsc.4; driver has been updated to support checksum
1375 offloading and <acronym>TSO</acronym>.</para>
1377 <para revision="286062">The &man.xen.4; driver has been updated
1378 to include support for <literal>blkif</literal> indirect
1382 <sect2 xml:id="hardware-arm">
1383 <title>ARM Support</title>
1385 <para revision="260921">The &man.nand.4; device is enabled for
1386 ARM devices by default.</para>
1388 <para revision="266943" arch="arm">Support for the Exynos 5420
1389 Octa system has been added.</para>
1391 <para revision="267390" arch="arm">The <acronym>SMP</acronym>
1392 option has been enabled for all Exynos 5 systems supported by
1395 <para revision="268838" arch="arm">Support for the Toradex
1396 Apalis i.MX6 development board has been added.</para>
1398 <para revision="273264" arch="armv6">An issue that could cause
1399 instability when detecting <acronym>SD</acronym> cards on the
1400 Raspberry Pi <acronym>SOC</acronym> has been fixed.</para>
1402 <para revision="275963">The <literal>bcm2835_cpufreq</literal>
1403 driver has been added, which supports <acronym>CPU</acronym>
1404 frequency and voltage control on the Raspberry Pi
1405 <acronym>SOC</acronym>.</para>
1407 <para revision="277042" arch="arm">Support to turn off the
1408 BeagleBone Black system with the &man.shutdown.8;
1409 <literal>-p</literal> flag or by invoking &man.poweroff.8; has
1412 <para revision="277644" arch="arm">Audio transmission drivers
1413 have been added for Digital Audio Multiplexer
1414 (<acronym>AUDMUXM</acronym>), Smart Direct Memory Access
1415 Controller (<acronym>SDMA</acronym>), and Syncronous Serial
1416 Interface (<acronym>SSI</acronym>).</para>
1418 <para revision="280259" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ff;">Initial
1419 support for the ARM AArch64 architecture has been
1422 <para revision="282779" arch="arm">Kernel support for Thumb-2
1423 userland has been added.</para>
1425 <para revision="282827">Support for the hardware power button
1426 on the BeagleBone Black system has been added.</para>
1428 <para revision="284273" contrib="sponsor"
1429 sponsor="&ff;">Initial
1430 <acronym>ACPI</acronym> support has been added for
1431 &os;/&arch.arm64;.</para>
1433 <para revision="287225">Support for 1-Wire devices has been
1434 added, providing support for 1-Wire hardware through
1435 &man.gpio.4;. See &man.ow.4;, &man.owc.4;, and
1436 &man.ow.temp.4; for more information.</para>
1438 <para revision="287371" arch="arm64" contrib="sponsor"
1439 sponsor="&abt;">Support for the HiSilicon HI6220 SoC has been
1444 <sect1 xml:id="storage">
1445 <title>Storage</title>
1447 <para>This section covers changes and additions to file systems
1448 and other storage subsystems, both local and networked.</para>
1450 <sect2 xml:id="storage-general">
1451 <title>General Storage</title>
1453 <para revision="278037" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ix;">The
1454 &man.ctl.4; <acronym>LUN</acronym> mapping has been rewritten,
1455 replacing <acronym>iSCSI</acronym>-specific mapping mechanisms
1456 with a new mechanism that works for any port.</para>
1458 <para revision="278354" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ix;">The
1459 &man.ctld.8; utility has been updated to allow controlling
1460 non-<acronym>iSCSI</acronym> &man.ctl.4; ports.</para>
1462 <para revision="275681" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ff;">The
1463 &man.autofs.5; subsystem has been updated to include a new
1464 &man.auto.master.5; map, <literal>-media</literal>, which
1465 allows automatically mounting removable media, such as
1466 <acronym>CD</acronym> drives or <acronym>USB</acronym> flash
1469 <para revision="279955" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ff;">The
1470 &man.autofs.5; subsystem has been updated to include a new
1471 &man.auto.master.5; map, <literal>-noauto</literal>, which
1472 handles &man.fstab.5; entries set to
1473 <literal>noauto</literal>.</para>
1475 <para revision="286444">The <acronym>GELI</acronym> class has
1476 been updated to support the <literal>BIO_DELETE</literal>
1477 &man.g.bio.9; <literal>bio_cmd</literal> field, providing
1478 <acronym>TRIM</acronym>/<acronym>UNMAP</acronym> support on
1479 <acronym>GELI</acronym>-backed <acronym>SSD</acronym> storage
1483 <sect2 xml:id="storage-net">
1484 <title>Networked Storage</title>
1486 <para revision="270096" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ff;">The new
1487 filesystem automount facility, &man.autofs.5;, has been added.
1488 The new &man.autofs.5; facility is similar to that found in
1489 other &unix;-like operating systems, such as OS X™
1490 and Solaris™. The &man.autofs.5; facility uses
1491 a &sun;-compatible &man.auto.master.5; configuration file, and
1492 is administered with the &man.automount.8; userland utility,
1493 and the &man.automountd.8; and &man.autounmountd.8;
1496 <para revision="273849" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ff;">Support
1497 for the <literal>timeo</literal>, <literal>actimeo</literal>,
1498 <literal>noac</literal>, and <literal>proto</literal> options
1499 have been added to &man.mount.nfs.8;.</para>
1502 <sect2 xml:id="storage-zfs">
1505 <para revision="275748">The <literal>arc_meta_limit</literal>
1506 statistics are now visible through the
1507 <literal>kstat</literal> &man.sysctl.8;. As a result of this
1508 change, the <literal>vfs.zfs.arc_meta_used</literal>
1509 &man.sysctl.8; has been removed, and replaced with the
1510 <literal>kstat.zfs.misc.arcstats.arc_meta_used</literal>
1511 &man.sysctl.8;.</para>
1513 <para revision="287099" contrib="sponsor"
1514 sponsor="&clusterhq;">The &man.zfs.8; <literal>l2arc</literal>
1515 code has been updated to take <literal>ashift</literal> into
1516 account when gathering buffers to be written to the
1517 <literal>l2arc</literal> device.</para>
1520 <sect2 xml:id="storage-geom">
1521 <title>&man.geom.4;</title>
1523 <para revision="267359">Support for the
1524 <literal>disklabel64</literal> partitioning scheme has been
1525 added to &man.gpart.8;.</para>
1527 <para revision="282465">Support for the
1528 <literal>apple-boot</literal>, <literal>apple-hfs</literal>,
1529 and <literal>apple-ufs</literal> <acronym>MBR</acronym>
1530 partitioning schemes have been added to &man.gpart.8;.</para>
1532 <para revision="285594" contrib="sponsor"
1533 sponsor="&scaleengine;">The &man.gpart.8; utility has been
1534 updated to include a new attribute for <acronym>GPT</acronym>
1535 partitions, <literal>lenovofix</literal>, which when set,
1536 which works around <acronym>BIOS</acronym> compatibility
1537 issues reported on several Lenovo ™ laptops.</para>
1541 <sect1 xml:id="boot">
1542 <title>Boot Loader Changes</title>
1544 <para>This section covers the boot loader, boot menu, and other
1545 boot-related changes.</para>
1547 <sect2 xml:id="boot-loader">
1548 <title>Boot Loader Changes</title>
1550 <para revision="258431" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ff;">The
1551 memory test run at boot time on &os;/&arch.amd64; platforms
1552 has been disabled by default.</para>
1554 <para revision="262955">A new &man.ttys.5; class,
1555 <literal>3wire</literal>, has been added. This is similar to
1556 the existing terminal classes, but does not have a defined
1559 <para revision="274085">The &man.vt.4; driver has been made the
1560 default system console driver. The &man.syscons.4; driver is
1561 still available, and can be enabled by adding
1562 <literal>kern.vty=sc</literal> in &man.loader.conf.5;.
1563 Alternatively, &man.syscons.4; can be enabled at boot time by
1564 entering <literal>set kern.vty=sc</literal> at the
1565 &man.loader.8; prompt.</para>
1567 <para revision="279950">Support for <literal>bzipfs</literal>
1568 has been added to the <acronym>EFI</acronym> loader.</para>
1570 <para revision="281616">The boot loader has been updated to
1571 support entering the <acronym>GELI</acronym> passphrase before
1572 loading the kernel. To enable this behavior, add
1573 <literal>geom_eli_passphrase_prompt="YES"</literal> to
1574 &man.loader.conf.5;.</para>
1576 <para revision="284683" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ff;"
1577 arch="arm">The &man.ttys.5; file for &os;/&arch.arm; has been
1578 updated to enable <filename>ttyu1</filename>,
1579 <filename>ttyu2</filename>, and <filename>ttyu3</filename> by
1580 default, if the callin port is an active console port.</para>
1583 <sect2 xml:id="boot-menu">
1584 <title>Boot Menu Changes</title>
1590 <sect1 xml:id="network">
1591 <title>Networking</title>
1593 <para>This section describes changes that affect networking in
1596 <sect2 xml:id="network-protocols">
1597 <title>Network Protocols</title>
1599 <para revision="263140">Support for the IPX network transport
1600 protocol has been removed, and will not be supported in
1601 &os; 11 and later releases.</para>
1603 <para revision="272720" contrib="sponsor"
1604 sponsor="&limelight;">Support for <acronym>PLPMTUD</acronym>
1605 blackhole detection (<acronym>RFC</acronym> 4821) has been
1606 added to the &man.tcp.4; stack, disabled by default. New
1607 control tunables have been added:</para>
1609 <informaltable frame="none" pgwide="0">
1611 <colspec colwidth="1*"/>
1612 <colspec colwidth="1*"/>
1615 <entry>Tunable</entry>
1616 <entry>Description</entry>
1622 <entry><literal>net.inet.tcp.pmtud_blackhole_detection</literal></entry>
1623 <entry>Enables or disables <acronym>PLPMTUD</acronym>
1624 blackhole detection</entry>
1628 <entry><literal>net.inet.tcp.pmtud_blackhole_mss</literal></entry>
1629 <entry><acronym>MSS</acronym> to try for IPv4</entry>
1633 <entry><literal>net.inet.tcp.v6pmtud_blackhole_mss</literal></entry>
1634 <entry><acronym>MSS to try for IPv6</acronym></entry>
1640 <para>New monitoring &man.sysctl.8;s haven been added:</para>
1642 <informaltable frame="none" pgwide="0">
1644 <colspec colwidth="1*"/>
1645 <colspec colwidth="1*"/>
1648 <entry>Tunable</entry>
1649 <entry>Description</entry>
1655 <entry><literal>net.inet.tcp.pmtud_blackhole_activated</literal></entry>
1656 <entry>Number of times the code was activated to attempt
1657 downshifting the <acronym>MSS</acronym></entry>
1661 <entry><literal>net.inet.tcp.pmtud_blackhole_min_activated</literal></entry>
1662 <entry>Number of times the blackhole
1663 <acronym>MSS</acronym> was used in an attempt to
1668 <entry><literal>net.inet.tcp.pmtud_blackhole_failed</literal></entry>
1669 <entry>Number of times that the blackhole failed to
1670 connect after downshifting the
1671 <acronym>MSS</acronym></entry>
1677 <para revision="280971" contrib="sponsor"
1678 sponsor="&netflix;, &nginx;">Support for <acronym>IP</acronym>
1679 identification for atomic datagrams (<acronym>RFC</acronym>
1680 6864) has been added. Support for this feature can be toggled
1681 with the <literal>net.inet.ip.rfc6864</literal>
1682 &man.sysctl.8;, which is enabled by default.</para>
1684 <para revision="285336" contrib="sponsor"
1685 sponsor="&netgate;">The <acronym>IPSEC</acronym> has been
1686 updated to include support for <acronym>AES</acronym> modes on
1687 both software-only and hardware-backed (&man.aesni.4;)
1690 <para revision="287798" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&dell;">The
1691 network stack has been updated to fix handling of
1692 <acronym>IPv6</acronym> On-Link redirects.</para>
1696 <sect1 xml:id="ports">
1697 <title>Ports Collection and Package Infrastructure</title>
1699 <para>This section covers changes to the &os; Ports
1700 Collection, package infrastructure, and package maintenance and
1701 installation tools.</para>
1703 <sect2 xml:id="ports-infrastructure">
1704 <title>Infrastructure Changes</title>
1709 <sect2 xml:id="ports-packages ">
1710 <title>Packaging Changes</title>
1716 <sect1 xml:id="doc">
1717 <title>Documentation</title>
1719 <para>This section covers changes to the &os; Documentation
1720 Project sources and toolchain.</para>
1722 <sect2 xml:id="doc-sources">
1723 <title>Documentation Source Changes</title>
1728 <sect2 xml:id="doc-toolchain">
1729 <title>Documentation Toolchain Changes</title>
1735 <sect1 xml:id="releng">
1736 <title>Release Engineering and Integration</title>
1738 <para>This section convers changes that are specific to the
1739 &os; Release Engineering processes.</para>
1741 <sect2 xml:id="releng-changes">
1742 <title>Integration Changes</title>
1744 <para revision="277458" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ff;">The
1745 Release Engineering build tools have been updated to include
1746 support for producing virtual machine disk images for various
1747 cloud hosting providers.</para>
1749 <para revision="278926">The Release Engineering build tools have
1750 been updated to use multi-threaded &man.xz.1;. By default,
1751 the number of &man.xz.1; threads is set to the number of cores
1754 <para revision="281802" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ff;">The
1755 Release Engineering build tools have been updated to include
1756 support for building &os;/&arch.arm64; virtual machine and
1757 memory stick installation images.</para>
1759 <para revision="282693" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ff;">The
1760 Release Engineering build tools have been updated to support
1761 building &os;/&arch.arm; images without external utilities for
1762 supported boards where a corresponding
1763 <literal>u-boot</literal> port exists in the Ports
1766 <para revision="283307" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ff;">The
1767 &os;/&arch.i386; memory stick installation images are now
1768 created using the &man.mkimg.1; utility, matching the way
1769 the &os;/&arch.amd64; images are created.</para>