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4 <!ENTITY % release PUBLIC "-//FreeBSD//ENTITIES Release Specification//EN" "release.ent">
6 <!ENTITY % sponsor PUBLIC "-//FreeBSD//ENTITIES Sponsor Specification//EN" "sponsor.ent">
8 <!ENTITY % vendor PUBLIC "-//FreeBSD//ENTITIES Vendor Specification//EN" "vendor.ent">
10 <!ENTITY security SYSTEM "../../share/xml/security.xml">
11 <!ENTITY errata SYSTEM "../../share/xml/errata.xml">
13 <article xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook"
14 xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" version="5.0">
17 <title>&os; &release.current; Release Notes</title>
20 <orgname>The &os; Project</orgname>
23 <pubdate>$FreeBSD$</pubdate>
25 <!-- Last rev: 284814 -->
29 <holder role="mailto:doc@FreeBSD.org">The &os; Documentation
33 <legalnotice xml:id="trademarks" role="trademarks">
43 <para>The release notes for &os; &release.current; contain
44 a summary of the changes made to the &os; base system on the
45 &release.branch; development line. This document lists
46 applicable security advisories that were issued since the last
47 release, as well as significant changes to the &os; kernel and
48 userland. Some brief remarks on upgrading are also
53 <sect1 xml:id="intro">
54 <title>Introduction</title>
56 <para>This document contains the release notes for &os;
57 &release.current;. It describes recently added, changed, or
58 deleted features of &os;. It also provides some notes on
59 upgrading from previous versions of &os;.</para>
61 <para releasetype="current">The &release.type; distribution to
62 which these release notes apply represents the latest point
63 along the &release.branch; development branch since
64 &release.branch; was created. Information regarding pre-built,
65 binary &release.type; distributions along this branch can be
67 xlink:href="&release.url;">&release.url;</uri>.</para>
69 <para releasetype="snapshot">The &release.type; distribution to
70 which these release notes apply represents a point along the
71 &release.branch; development branch between &release.prev; and
72 the future &release.next;. Information regarding pre-built,
73 binary &release.type; distributions along this branch can be
75 xlink:href="&release.url;">&release.url;</uri>.</para>
77 <para releasetype="release">This distribution of &os;
78 &release.current; is a &release.type; distribution. It can be
79 found at <uri xlink:href="&release.url;">&release.url;</uri> or
80 any of its mirrors. More information on obtaining this (or
81 other) &release.type; distributions of &os; can be found in the
83 xlink:href="&url.books.handbook;/mirrors.html"><quote>Obtaining
84 &os;</quote> appendix</link> to the <link
85 xlink:href="&url.books.handbook;/">&os;
86 Handbook</link>.</para>
88 <para>All users are encouraged to consult the release errata
89 before installing &os;. The errata document is updated with
90 <quote>late-breaking</quote> information discovered late in the
91 release cycle or after the release. Typically, it contains
92 information on known bugs, security advisories, and corrections
93 to documentation. An up-to-date copy of the errata for &os;
94 &release.current; can be found on the &os; Web site.</para>
96 <para>This document describes the most user-visible new or changed
97 features in &os; since &release.prev;. In general, changes
98 described here are unique to the &release.branch; branch unless
99 specifically marked as &merged; features.</para>
101 <para>Typical release note items document recent security
102 advisories issued after &release.prev;, new drivers or hardware
103 support, new commands or options, major bug fixes, or
104 contributed software upgrades. They may also list changes to
105 major ports/packages or release engineering practices. Clearly
106 the release notes cannot list every single change made to &os;
107 between releases; this document focuses primarily on security
108 advisories, user-visible changes, and major architectural
112 <sect1 xml:id="upgrade">
113 <title>Upgrading from Previous Releases of &os;</title>
115 <para arch="amd64,i386">Binary upgrades between RELEASE versions
116 (and snapshots of the various security branches) are supported
117 using the &man.freebsd-update.8; utility. The binary upgrade
118 procedure will update unmodified userland utilities, as well as
119 unmodified GENERIC kernels distributed as a part of an official
120 &os; release. The &man.freebsd-update.8; utility requires that
121 the host being upgraded have Internet connectivity.</para>
123 <para>Source-based upgrades (those based on recompiling the &os;
124 base system from source code) from previous versions are
125 supported, according to the instructions in
126 <filename>/usr/src/UPDATING</filename>.</para>
129 <para>Upgrading &os; should only be attempted after backing up
130 <emphasis>all</emphasis> data and configuration files.</para>
134 <sect1 xml:id="security-errata">
135 <title>Security and Errata</title>
137 <para>This section lists the various Security Advisories and
138 Errata Notices since &release.prev;.</para>
140 <sect2 xml:id="security">
141 <title>Security Advisories</title>
146 <sect2 xml:id="errata">
147 <title>Errata Notices</title>
153 <sect1 xml:id="userland">
154 <title>Userland</title>
156 <para>This section covers changes and additions to userland
157 applications, contributed software, and system utilities.</para>
159 <sect2 xml:id="userland-config">
160 <title>Userland Configuration Changes</title>
162 <para revision="266463">The default &man.newsyslog.conf.5; now
163 includes files in the
164 <filename>/etc/newsyslog.conf.d/</filename> and
165 <filename>/usr/local/etc/newsyslog.conf.d/</filename>
166 directories by default for &man.newsyslog.8;.</para>
168 <para revision="270675">The &man.mailwrapper.8; utility has been
169 updated to use &man.mailer.conf.5; from the
170 <literal>LOCALBASE</literal> environment variable, which
171 defaults to <filename class="directory">/usr/local</filename>
174 <para revision="272350">The <literal>MK_ARM_EABI</literal>
175 &man.src.conf.5; option has been removed.</para>
178 <sect2 xml:id="userland-programs">
179 <title>Userland Application Changes</title>
181 <para revision="258838" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ff;,
182 &google;" sponsorurl="">The &man.casperd.8; daemon has been
183 added, which provides access to functionality that is not
184 available in the <quote>capability mode</quote>
187 <para revision="260594">When unable to load a kernel module with
188 &man.kldload.8;, a message informing to view output of
189 &man.dmesg.8; is now printed, opposed to the previous output
190 <quote>Exec format error.</quote>.</para>
192 <para revision="260910">Allow &man.pciconf.8; to identify PCI
193 devices that are attached to a driver to be identified by
194 their device name instead of just the selector. Additionally,
195 an optional device argument to the <literal>-l</literal> flag
196 to restrict the output to only listing details about a single
199 <para revision="260913">A new flag, <quote>onifconsole</quote>
200 has been added to <filename>/etc/ttys</filename>. This allows
201 the system to provide a login prompt via serial console if the
202 device is an active kernel console, otherwise it is equivalent
203 to <literal>off</literal>.</para>
205 <para revision="260926">Support for displaying VPD for PCI
206 devices via &man.pciconf.8; has been added.</para>
208 <para revision="261498">&man.ping.8; protects against malicious
209 network packets using the Capsicum framework to drop
212 <para revision="265229">The &man.ps.1; utility has been
213 updated to include the <literal>-J</literal> flag, used to
214 filter output by matching &man.jail.8; IDs and names.
215 Additionally, argument <literal>0</literal> can be used to
216 <literal>-J</literal> to only list processes running on the
219 <para revision="265249">The &man.top.1; utility has been updated
220 to filter by &man.jail.8; ID or name, in followup to the
221 &man.ps.1; change in <literal>r265229</literal>.</para>
223 <para revision="266209">The &man.pmcstat.8; utility has been
224 updated to include a new flag, <literal>-l</literal>, which
225 ends event collection after the specified number of
228 <para revision="270745">The &man.ps.1; utility has been updated
229 to include a new keyword, <quote>tracer</quote>, which
230 displays the <acronym>PID</acronym> of the tracing
233 <para revision="271482">Support for adding empty partitions has
234 been added to the &man.mkimg.1; utility.</para>
236 <para revision="272166">The &man.primes.6; utility has been
237 updated to correctly enumerate prime numbers between
238 <literal>4295098369</literal> and
239 <literal>3825123056546413050</literal>, which prior to this
240 change, it would be possible for returned values to be
241 incorrectly identified as prime numbers.</para>
243 <para revision="272198">The &man.mkimg.1; utility has been
244 updated to include three options used to print information
245 about &man.mkimg.1; itself:</para>
247 <informaltable frame="none" pgwide="0">
249 <colspec colwidth="1*"/>
250 <colspec colwidth="1*"/>
253 <entry>Option</entry>
254 <entry>Output</entry>
260 <entry><literal>--version</literal></entry>
261 <entry>The current version of the &man.mkimg.1;
266 <entry><literal>--formats</literal></entry>
267 <entry>The disk image file formats supported by
268 &man.mkimg.1;</entry>
272 <entry><literal>--schemes</literal></entry>
273 <entry>The partition schemes supported by
274 &man.mkimg.1;</entry>
280 <para revision="272488">Userland &man.ctf.5; support in
281 &man.dtrace.1; has been added. With this change,
282 &man.dtrace.1; is able to resolve type info for function and
283 <acronym>USDT</acronym> probe arguments, and function return
286 <para revision="274960">The &man.elfdump.1; utility has been
287 updated to support capability mode provided by
288 &man.capsicum.4;.</para>
290 <para revision="275680" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ff;">The
291 &man.fstyp.8; utility has been added, which is used to
292 determine the filesystem on a specified device.</para>
294 <para revision="276881">The <literal>libedit</literal> library
295 has been updated to support <acronym>UTF</acronym>-8, which
296 additionally provides unicode support to &man.sh.1;.</para>
298 <para revision="276893" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ff;">The
299 &man.mkimg.1; utility has been updated to support the
300 <acronym>MBR</acronym> <acronym>EFI</acronym> partition
303 <para revision="277166" arch="powerpc">The &man.ptrace.2; system
304 call has been updated include support for Altivec registers on
305 &os;/&arch.powerpc;.</para>
307 <para revision="278320">A new device control utility,
308 &man.devctl.8; has been added, which allows making
309 administrative changes to individual devices, such as
310 attaching and detaching drivers, and enabling and disabling
311 devices. The &man.devctl.8; utility uses the new
312 &man.devctl.3; library.</para>
314 <para revision="279122" contrib="sponsor"
315 sponsor="&juniper;">The &man.netstat.1; utility has been
316 updated to link against the &man.libxo.3; shared
319 <para revision="279139">A new flag, <literal>-c</literal>, has
320 been added to the &man.mkimg.1; utility, which allows
321 specifying the capacity of the target disk image.</para>
323 <para revision="279315" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ff;">The
324 &man.uefisign.8; utility has been added.</para>
326 <para revision="279571" contrib="sponsor"
327 sponsor="&scaleengine;">The &man.freebsd-update.8; utility has
328 been updated to prevent fetching updated binary patches when
329 a previous upgrade has not been thoroughly completed.</para>
331 <para revision="280870">A regression in the &man.libarchive.3;
332 library that would prevent a directory from being included in
333 the archive when <literal>--one-file-system</literal> is used
334 has been fixed.</para>
336 <para revision="281311" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ff;">The
337 &man.ar.1; utility has been updated to set
338 <literal>ARCHIVE_EXTRACT_SECURE_SYMLINKS</literal> and
339 <literal>ARCHIVE_EXTRACT_SECURE_NODOTDOT</literal> to disallow
340 directory traversal when extracting an archive, similar to
343 <para revision="281617">A race condition in &man.wc.1; that
344 would cause final results to be sent to &man.stderr.4; when
345 receiving the <literal>SIGINFO</literal> signal has been
348 <para revision="282208" contrib="sponsor"
349 sponsor="&multiplay;">The &man.chflags.1;, &man.chgrp.1;,
350 &man.chmod.1;, and &man.chown.8; utilities now affect symbolic
351 links when the <literal>-R</literal> flag is specified, as
352 documented in &man.symlink.7;.</para>
354 <para revision="282608">The &man.date.1; utility has been
355 updated to print the modification time of the file passed as
356 an argument to the <literal>-r</literal> flag, improving
357 compatibility with the <acronym>GNU</acronym> &man.date.1;
358 utility behavior.</para>
360 <para revision="283961">The &man.pw.8; utility has been updated
361 with a new flag, <literal>-R</literal>, that sets the root
362 directory within which the utility will operate.</para>
364 <para revision="284297" contrib="sponsor"
365 sponsor="&clusterhq;">The &man.lockstat.1; utility has been
366 updated with several improvements:</para>
370 <para>Spin locks are now reported as the amount of time
371 spinning, instead of loop iterations.</para>
375 <para>Reader locks are now recognized as adaptive that can
380 <para>Lock aquisition events for successful reader try-lock
381 events are now reported.</para>
385 <para>Spin and block events are now reported before lock
386 acquisition events.</para>
390 <para revision="284589" contrib="sponsor"
391 sponsor="&scaleengine;">The &man.fstyp.8; utility has been
392 updated to be able to detect &man.zfs.8; and &man.geli.8;
395 <para revision="284883">The &man.mkimg.1; utility has been
396 updated to include support for <literal>NTFS</literal>
397 filesystems in both <acronym>MBR</acronym> and
398 <acronym>GPT</acronym> partitioning schemes.</para>
400 <para revision="285550">The &man.w.1; utility has been updated
401 to display the full IPv6 remote address of the host from which
402 a user is connected.</para>
405 <sect2 xml:id="userland-contrib">
406 <title>Contributed Software</title>
408 <para revision="258884" contrib="sponsor"
409 sponsor="&darpa_afrl;">&man.lldb.1; has been updated to
410 upstream snapshot version r196259.</para>
412 <para revision="260445">&man.byacc.1; has been updated to
413 version 20140101.</para>
415 <para revision="261071">&man.jemalloc.3; has been updated to
416 version 3.5.0.</para>
418 <para revision="261283"><application>libc++</application> has
419 been updated to version 3.4.</para>
421 <para revision="261320"><application>OpenSSH</application> has
422 been updated to 6.5p1.</para>
424 <para revision="261344"><application>mdocml</application> has
425 been updated to version 1.12.3.</para>
427 <para revision="261991"><application>LLVM</application> and
428 <application>Clang</application> have been updated to
431 <para revision="275718">The <application>binutils</application>
432 suite of utilities has been updated to include upstream
433 patches that add new relocations for &arch.powerpc;
436 <para revision="276398" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ff;">The
437 <application>ELF Tool Chain</application> has been updated to
438 upstream revision r3136.</para>
440 <para revision="276551">The <application>texinfo</application>
441 utility and <literal>info</literal> pages were removed from
442 the base system. The <filename
443 role="package">print/texinfo</filename> port should be
444 installed on systems where <literal>info</literal> pages are
447 <para revision="276796" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ff;">The ELF
448 object manipulation tools
449 <application>addr2line</application>,
450 <application>elfcopy (strip)</application>,
451 <application>nm</application>,
452 <application>readelf</application>,
453 <application>size</application>, and
454 <application>strings</application> were switched to the
455 versions from the ELF Tool Chain project.</para>
457 <para revision="276881">The <literal>libedit</literal> library
458 has been updated to include <acronym>UTF-8</acronym> support,
459 adding <acronym>UTF-8</acronym> support to the &man.sh.1;
462 <para revision="278433">The &man.xz.1; utility has been updated
463 to support multi-threaded compression.</para>
465 <para revision="280932" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ff;">The
466 <application>elftoolchain</application> utilities have been
467 updated to version 3179.</para>
469 <para revision="281316">The &man.xz.1; utility has been updated
470 to version 5.2.1.</para>
472 <para revision="281373">The &man.nvi.1; utility has been updated
473 to version 2.1.3.</para>
475 <para revision="281806">The &man.wpa.supplicant.8; and
476 &man.hostapd.8; utilities have been updated to version
479 <para revision="282089">The &man.unbound.8; utility has been
480 updated to version 1.5.3.</para>
482 <para revision="282434" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ff;">The
483 &man.resolvconf.8; utility has been updated to version
486 <para revision="282613">The &man.nc.1; utility has been updated
487 to the OpenBSD 5.7 version.</para>
489 <para revision="283092">The &man.acpi.4; subsystem has been
490 updated to version 20150515.</para>
492 <para revision="284237">The &man.file.1; utility has been
493 updated to version 5.23.</para>
495 <para revision="284254"><application>bmake</application> has
496 been updated to version 20150606.</para>
498 <para revision="284397">Timezone data files have been updated to
499 version 2015e.</para>
501 <para revision="285229"><application>sendmail</application> has
502 been updated to 8.15.2. Starting with &os; 11.0 and
503 sendmail 8.15, sendmail uses uncompressed IPv6 addresses by
504 default, i.e., they will not contain <quote>::</quote>. For
505 example, instead of <quote>::1</quote>, it will be
506 <quote>0:0:0:0:0:0:0:1</quote>. This permits a zero subnet to
507 have a more specific match, such as different map entries for
508 IPv6:0:0 versus IPv6:0. This change requires that
509 configuration data (including maps, files, classes, custom
510 ruleset, etc.) must use the same format, so make certain such
511 configuration data is upgrading. As a very simple check
512 search for patterns like 'IPv6:[0-9a-fA-F:]*::' and 'IPv6::'.
513 To return to the old behavior, set the m4 option
514 <literal>confUSE_COMPRESSED_IPV6_ADDRESSES</literal> or the cf
515 option <literal>UseCompressedIPv6Addresses</literal>.</para>
517 <para revision="285329"><application>OpenSSL</application> has
518 been updated to version 1.0.1p.</para>
520 <para revision="285642" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&dell;">The
521 &man.ssh.1; utility has been updated to re-implement hostname
522 canonicalization before locating the host in
523 <filename>known_hosts</filename>.</para>
526 <sect2 xml:id="userland-installer">
527 <title>Installation and Configuration Tools</title>
529 <para revision="271539">The &man.bsdinstall.8; partition editor
530 and &man.sade.8; utility have been updated to include native
531 <acronym>ZFS</acronym> support.</para>
533 <para revision="272274">The &os; installation utility,
534 &man.bsdinstall.8;, has been updated to set the
535 <literal>canmount</literal> &man.zfs.8; property to
536 <literal>off</literal> for the <filename
537 class="directory">/var</filename> dataset, preventing the
538 contents of directories within <filename
539 class="directory">/var</filename> from conflicting when
540 using multiple boot environments, such as that provided by
541 <filename role="package">sysutils/beadm</filename>.</para>
543 <para revision="274394">The &man.bsdconfig.8; utility has been
544 updated to skip the initial &man.tzsetup.8;
545 <acronym>UTC</acronym> versus wall-clock time prompt when run
546 in a virtual machine, determined when the
547 <literal>kern.vm_guest</literal> &man.sysctl.8; is set to
548 <literal>1</literal>.</para>
550 <para revision="275874">The &man.bsdinstall.8; utility has been
551 updated to use the new &man.dpv.3; library to display progress
552 when extracting the &os; distributions.</para>
554 <para revision="285557" contrib="sponsor"
555 sponsor="&scaleengine;">Support for detecting and implementing
556 aligning partitions on 1Mb boundaries has been added to
557 &man.bsdinstall.8;.</para>
559 <para revision="285679" contrib="sponsor"
560 sponsor="&scaleengine;">Support for detecting and implementing
561 a workaround for various laptops and motherboards that do not
562 boot properly from <acronym>GPT</acronym>-partitioned disks
563 has been added to &man.bsdinstall.8;. Additionally, the
564 <literal>active</literal> flag will be set on the partition
567 <para revision="285679" contrib="sponsor"
568 sponsor="&scaleengine;">Support for selecting the partitioning
569 scheme when installing on the <acronym>UFS</acronym>
570 filesystem has been added to &man.bsdinstall.8;.</para>
573 <sect2 xml:id="userland-rc">
574 <title><filename class="directory">/etc/rc.d</filename>
577 <para revision="270676">The &man.rc.8; subsystem has been
578 updated to allow configuring services in <filename
579 class="directory">${LOCALBASE}/etc/rc.conf.d/</filename>.
580 If <literal>LOCALBASE</literal> is unset, it defaults to
581 <filename class="directory">/usr/local</filename>.</para>
583 <para revision="273955">A new &man.rc.8; script,
584 <filename>growfs</filename>, has been added, which will resize
585 the root filesystem on boot if <filename>/firstboot</filename>
588 <para revision="275299">The <filename>mrouted</filename>
589 &man.rc.8; script has been removed from the base system. An
590 equivalent script is available from the <filename
591 role="package">net/mrouted</filename> port.</para>
593 <para revision="279463" contrib="sponsor"
594 sponsor="&sandvine;">A new &man.rc.8; script,
595 <filename>iovctl</filename>, has been added, which allows
596 automatically starting the &man.iovctl.8; utility at
600 <sect2 xml:id="userland-periodic">
601 <title><filename class="directory">/etc/periodic</filename>
604 <para revision="271321">The daily &man.periodic.8; script
605 <filename>110.clean-tmps</filename> has been updated to avoid
606 crossing filesystem mount boundaries when cleaning files in
607 <filename class="directory">/tmp</filename>.</para>
609 <para revision="277216" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ff;">A new
610 &man.periodic.8; script,
611 <filename>510.status-world-kernel</filename>, has been added,
612 which evaluates the running userland and kernel versions from
613 the &man.uname.1; <literal>-U</literal> and
614 <literal>-K</literal> arguments, and prints an error if the
615 system userland and kernel are not in sync.</para>
618 <sect2 xml:id="userland-libraries">
619 <title>Runtime Libraries and API</title>
621 <para revision="265995">The Blowfish &man.crypt.3; default
622 format has been changed to
623 <literal>$2b$</literal>.</para>
625 <para revision="268461">The &man.readline.3; library is now
626 statically linked in software within the base system, and the
627 shared library is no longer installed, allowing the Ports
628 Collection to use a modern version of the library.</para>
630 <para revision="272273">The &man.strptime.3; library has been
631 updated to add support for <acronym>POSIX</acronym>-2001
632 features <literal>%U</literal> and
633 <literal>%W</literal>.</para>
635 <para revision="272842,272848" contrib="sponsor"
636 sponsor="&ff;">The &man.dl.iterate.phdr.3; library has been
637 changed to always return the path name of the
638 <acronym>ELF</acronym> object in the
639 <literal>dlpi_name</literal> structure member.</para>
641 <para revision="273562" contrib="sponsor"
642 sponsor="&juniper;">The &man.libxo.3; library has been
643 imported to the base system.</para>
645 <para revision="273806" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&chelsio;">A
646 userland library for Chelsio Terminator 5 based iWARP cards
647 has been added, allowing userland <acronym>RDMA</acronym>
648 applications to work over compatible
649 <acronym>NIC</acronym>s.</para>
651 <para revision="274987">The &man.gpio.3; library has been added,
652 providing a wrapper around the &man.gpio.4; kernel
655 <para revision="275800" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ff;">The
656 &man.procctl.2; system call has been updated to include
657 a facility for non-&man.init.8; processes to be declared as
658 the reaper of child processes and their decendants.</para>
660 <para revision="277610">The <literal>futimens()</literal> and
661 <literal>utimensat()</literal> system calls have been
662 added. See &man.utimensat.2; for more information.</para>
664 <para revision="278934">The &man.elf.3; compile-time dependency
665 has been removed from <filename>dtri.o</filename>, which
666 allows adding <application>DTrace</application> probes to
667 userland applications and libraries without also linking
668 against &man.elf.3;.</para>
670 <para revision="279186">The &man.setmode.3; function has been
671 updated to consistently set <literal>errno</literal> on
674 <para revision="279663">The &man.qsort.3; functions have been
675 updated to be able to handle 32-bit aligned data on 64-bit
676 platforms, also providing a significant improvement in 32-bit
679 <para revision="281130">Several standard include headers have
680 been updated to use of <application>gcc</application>
681 attributes, such as <literal>__result_use_check()</literal>,
682 <literal>__alloc_size()</literal>, and
683 <literal>__nonnull()</literal>.</para>
685 <para revision="281845">Support for file verification in
686 <acronym>MAC</acronym> has been added.</para>
688 <para revision="282973" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ff;">The
689 <literal>libgomp</literal> library is now only built when
690 building <acronym>GCC</acronym> from the base system. An
691 up-to-date version is available in the Ports Collection as
693 role="package">devel/libiomp5-devel</filename>.</para>
695 <para revision="282988">The <filename>stdlib.h</filename> and
696 <filename>malloc.h</filename> headers have been updated to
697 make use of the <application>gcc</application>
698 <literal>alloc_align()</literal> attribute.</para>
700 <para revision="284483" contrib="sponsor"
701 sponsor="&scaleengine;">The Blowfish &man.crypt.3; library
702 has been updated to support $2y$ hashes.</para>
705 <sect2 xml:id="userland-abi">
706 <title>ABI Compatibility</title>
708 <para revision="271982">The &linux; compatibility version has
709 been updated to <literal>2.6.18</literal>. The
710 <literal>compat.linux.osrelease</literal> &man.sysctl.8; is
711 evaluated when building the <filename
712 role="package">emulators/linux-c6</filename> and related
717 <sect1 xml:id="kernel">
718 <title>Kernel</title>
720 <para>This section covers changes to kernel configurations, system
721 tuning, and system control parameters that are not otherwise
724 <sect2 xml:id="kernel-bugfix">
725 <title>Kernel Bug Fixes</title>
727 <para revision="265876">A kernel bug that inhibited proper
728 functionality of the <literal>dev.cpu.0.freq</literal>
729 &man.sysctl.8; on &intel; processors with Turbo
730 Boost ™ enabled has been fixed.</para>
732 <para revision="271697" arch="powerpc">Support for
733 &man.dtrace.1; stack tracing has been fixed for
734 &os;/&arch.powerpc;, using the <literal>trapexit()</literal>
735 and <literal>asttrapexit()</literal> functions instead of
736 checking within addressed kernel space.</para>
738 <para revision="271917">A kernel panic triggered when destroying
739 a &man.vnet.9; &man.jail.8; configured with &man.gif.4; has
742 <para revision="271918">A kernel panic triggered when destroying
743 a &man.vnet.9; &man.jail.8; configured with &man.gre.4; has
746 <para revision="272089">A bug in &man.ipfw.4; that could
747 potentially lead to a kernel panic when using &man.dummynet.4;
748 at layer 2 has been fixed.</para>
750 <para revision="280930" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&mitail;">The
751 kernel <acronym>RPC</acronym> has been updated to include
752 several enhancements:</para>
756 <para>The 45 MiB limit on requests queued for
757 &man.nfsd.8; threads has been removed.</para>
761 <para>Avoids unnecessary throttling by not deferring
762 accounting for completed requests.</para>
766 <para>Fixes an integer overflow and signedness bugs.</para>
770 <para revision="281261" arch="powerpc">Support for
771 &man.dtrace.1; has been added for the
772 Book-E ™.</para>
775 <sect2 xml:id="kernel-config">
776 <title>Kernel Configuration</title>
778 <para revision="266531">The <literal>IMAGACT_BINMISC</literal>
779 kernel configuration option has been enabled by default,
780 which enables application execution through emulators, such
781 as <application>Qemu</application>.</para>
783 <para revision="268045">The <literal>VT</literal> kernel
784 configuration file has been removed, and the &man.vt.4;
785 driver is included in the <literal>GENERIC</literal> kernel.
786 To enable &man.vt.4;, enter <literal>set kern.vty=vt</literal>
787 at the &man.loader.8; prompt during boot, or add
788 <literal>kern.vty=vt</literal> to &man.loader.conf.5; and
789 reboot the system.</para>
791 <para revision="277904">The &man.config.8; utility has been
792 updated to allow using a non-standard <filename
793 class="directory">src/</filename> tree, specified as an
794 argument to the <literal>-s</literal> flag.</para>
796 <para revision="277990" arch="powerpc64">The
797 &os;/&arch.powerpc64; kernel now builds as
798 a position-independent executable, allowing the kernel to be
799 loaded into and run from any physical or virtual
803 <para>This change requires an update to &man.loader.8;.
804 The userland and kernel must be updated before rebooting the
808 <para revision="278338" arch="arm">A new module for creating
809 <filename>rpi.dtb</filename> has been added for the Raspberry
812 <para revision="278340" arch="arm">The
813 <filename>rpi.dtb</filename> module is now installed to
814 <filename class="directory">/boot/dtb/</filename> by
815 default for the Raspberry Pi system.</para>
817 <para revision="279189" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ff;"
818 arch="powerpc">Kernel support for Vector-Scalar eXtension
819 (<acronym>VSX</acronym>) found on POWER7 and POWER8 hardware
820 has been added.</para>
822 <para revision="279252" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ff;"
823 arch="powerpc">The &man.pmap.9; implementation for 64-bit
824 &powerpc; processors has been overhaulded to improve
827 <para revision="279824" arch="arm">A new module for creating
828 the <filename>dtb</filename> module for AM335x systems has
831 <para revision="281495" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ff;">The
832 <literal>PAE_TABLES</literal> kernel configuration option has
833 been added for &os;/&arch.i386;, which instructs &man.pmap.9;
834 to use <acronym>PAE</acronym> format for page tables while
835 maintaining a 32-bit physical address size elsewhere in the
836 kernel. The use of this option can enhance application-level
837 security by enabling the creation of <quote>no execute</quote>
838 mappings on modern &arch.i386; processors. Unlike the
839 <literal>PAE</literal> option, <literal>PAE_TABLES</literal>
840 preserves kernel binary interface (<acronym>KBI</acronym>)
841 compatibility with non-<literal>PAE</literal> kernels,
842 allowing non-<literal>PAE</literal> kernel modules and drivers
843 to work with a <literal>PAE_TABLES</literal>-enabled kernel.
844 Additionally, system limits are tuned for 4GB maximum
845 <acronym>RAM</acronym>, avoiding kernel virtual address space
846 (<acronym>KVA</acronym>) exhaustion.</para>
848 <para revision="282215">The <literal>SIFTR</literal> kernel
849 configuration has been added, allowing building &man.siftr.4;
850 statically into the kernel.</para>
852 <para revision="282731" arch="arm">The &arch.arm; boot loader,
853 <filename>ubldr</filename>, is now relocatable. In addition,
854 <filename>ubldr.bin</filename> is now created during build
855 time, which is a stripped binary with an entry point of
856 <literal>0</literal>, providing the ability to specify the
857 load address by running <literal>go
858 ${loadaddr}</literal> in
859 <literal>u-boot</literal>.</para>
861 <para revision="282921" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&intelcorp;"
862 arch="amd64,i386">The &man.nvd.4; and &man.nvme.4; drivers are
863 now included in the <filename>GENERIC</filename> kernel
864 configuration by default.</para>
866 <para revision="283959" contrib="sponsor"
867 sponsor="&limelight;">A new kernel configuration option,
868 <literal>EM_MULTIQUEUE</literal>, has been added which enables
869 multi-queue support in the &man.em.4; driver.</para>
872 <para>Multi-queue support in the &man.em.4; driver is not
873 officially supported by &intel;.</para>
876 <para revision="285142" contrib="sponsor"
877 sponsor="&netgate;">The <filename>GENERIC</filename> kernel
878 configuration has been updated to include the
879 <literal>IPSEC</literal> option by default.</para>
882 <sect2 xml:id="kernel-sysctl">
883 <title>System Tuning and Controls</title>
885 <para revision="275140" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ff;">The
886 &man.hwpmc.4; default and maximum callchain depths have been
887 increased. The default has been increased from 16 to 32, and
888 the maximum increased from 32 to 128.</para>
890 <para revision="279361">The <literal>kern.osrelease</literal>
891 and <literal>kern.osreldate</literal> are now configurable
892 &man.jail.8; parameters.</para>
894 <para revision="280308,280949" contrib="sponsor"
895 sponsor="&ix;, &ff;">The &man.devfs.5; device filesystem has
896 been changed to update timestamps for read/write operations
897 using seconds precision. A new &man.sysctl.8;,
898 <literal>vfs.devfs.dotimes</literal> has been added, which
899 when set to a non-zero value, enables default precision
900 timestamps for these operations.</para>
902 <para revision="282213" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ff;">A new
903 &man.sysctl.8;, <literal>kern.racct.enable</literal>, has been
904 added, which when set to a non-zero value allows using
905 &man.rctl.8; with the <literal>GENERIC</literal> kernel.
906 A new kernel configuration option,
907 <literal>RACCT_DISABLED</literal> has also been added.</para>
909 <para revision="282901" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ff;">The
910 <literal>GENERIC</literal> kernel configuration now includes
911 <literal>RACCT</literal> and <literal>RCTL</literal> by
915 <para>To enable <literal>RACCT</literal> and
916 <literal>RCTL</literal> on a system using the
917 <literal>GENERIC</literal> kernel configuration, add
918 <literal>kern.racct.enable=1</literal> to
919 &man.loader.conf.5;, and reboot the system.</para>
922 <para revision="283136" contrib="sponsor"
923 sponsor="&limelight;">A new &man.sysctl.8;,
924 <literal>net.inet.tcp.hostcache.purgenow</literal>, has
925 been added, which when set to <literal>1</literal> during
926 runtime will flush all
927 <literal>net.inet.tcp.hostcache</literal> entries.</para>
931 <sect1 xml:id="drivers">
932 <title>Devices and Drivers</title>
934 <para>This section covers changes and additions to devices and
935 device drivers since &release.prev;.</para>
937 <sect2 xml:id="drivers-device">
938 <title>Device Drivers</title>
940 <para revision="260903">Support for GPS ports has been added to
943 <para revision="265132">The &man.full.4; device has been added,
944 and the <literal>lindev(4)</literal> device has been removed.
945 Prior to this change, <literal>lindev(4)</literal> provided
946 only the <filename>/dev/full</filename> character device,
947 returning <literal>ENOSPC</literal> on write attempts. As
948 this device is not specific to &linux;, a native &os; version
949 has been added.</para>
951 <para revision="271705">Hardware context support has been
952 added to the <literal>drm/i915</literal> driver, adding
953 support for <application>Mesa</application> 9.2 and
956 <para revision="273178">The &man.vt.4; driver has been updated,
957 replacing the bitmapped <literal>kern.vt.spclkeys</literal>
958 &man.sysctl.8; with individual
959 <literal>kern.vt.kbd_*</literal> variants.</para>
961 <para revision="273598">The &man.hpet.4; driver has been updated
963 <filename>/dev/hpet<replaceable>N</replaceable></filename>
964 device, providing access to <acronym>HPET</acronym> from
967 <para revision="280183">The <literal>drm</literal> code has
968 been updated to match &linux; version 3.8.13.</para>
970 <para revision="281440">The &man.psm.4; driver has been updated
971 to include improved support for newer Synaptics ®
972 touchpads and the ClickPad ® mouse on newer
973 Lenovo ™ laptops.</para>
975 <para revision="282783" arch="powerpc">Support for the Freescale
976 <acronym>PCI</acronym> Root Complex device has been
980 <sect2 xml:id="drivers-storage">
981 <title>Storage Drivers</title>
983 <para revision="265236" contrib="sponsor"
984 sponsor="&lsi;, &spectralogic;" sponsorurl="">The &man.mpr.4;
985 device has been added, providing support for LSI Fusion-MPT
986 3 12Gb SCSI/SATA controllers.</para>
988 <para revision="265555" contrib="sponsor"
989 sponsor="&lsi;">The &man.mrsas.4; driver has been added,
990 providing support for LSI MegaRAID SAS controllers. The
991 &man.mfi.4; driver will attach to the controller, by default.
992 To enable &man.mrsas.4; add
993 <literal>hw.mfi.mrsas_enable=1</literal> to
994 <filename>/boot/loader.conf</filename>, which turns off
995 &man.mfi.4; device probing.</para>
998 <para>At this time, the &man.mfiutil.8; utility and the &os;
999 version of <application>MegaCLI</application> and
1000 <application>StorCli</application> do not work with
1001 &man.mrsas.4;.</para>
1004 <para revision="275461" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ix;">The
1005 &man.ctl.4; subsystem has been updated, increasing the ports
1006 limit from <literal>128</literal> to <literal>256</literal>,
1007 and <acronym>LUN</acronym> limit from <literal>256</literal>
1008 to <literal>1024</literal>.</para>
1010 <para revision="276526">The <literal>asr(4)</literal> driver has
1011 been removed, and is no longer supported.</para>
1013 <para revision="281387">The &man.hptnr.4; driver has been
1014 updated to version 1.1.1.</para>
1017 <sect2 xml:id="drivers-network">
1018 <title>Network Drivers</title>
1020 <para revision="258830">Support for Broadcom chipsets BCM57764,
1021 BCM57767, BCM57782, BCM57786 and BCM57787 has been added to
1024 <para revision="260448">Support for the &intel; Centrino™
1025 Wireless-N 135 chipset has been added.</para>
1027 <para revision="260552">Firmware for &intel; Centrino™
1028 Wireless-N 105 devices has been added to the base
1031 <para revision="261975">The deprecated nve(4) driver has been
1032 removed. Users of NVIDIA nForce MCP network adapters are
1033 advised to use the &man.nfe.4; driver instead, which has been
1034 the default driver for this hardware since
1035 &os; 7.0.</para>
1037 <para revision="264601" contrib="sponsor"
1038 sponsor="&darpa_afrl;">The <literal>if_nf10bmac(4)</literal>
1039 device has been added, providing support for NetFPGA-10G
1040 Embedded CPU Ethernet Core.</para>
1043 <para>The <literal>if_nf10bmac(4)</literal> driver operates on
1044 the FPGA, and is not suited for the PCI host
1048 <para revision="265348" contrib="sponsor"
1049 sponsor="&netgate;">The &man.ath.hal.4; driver has been
1050 updated to support the Atheros AR1111 chipset.</para>
1052 <para revision="266770">Support for the &intel; Centrino™
1053 Wireless-N 105 chipset has been added.</para>
1055 <para revision="266757" contrib="sponsor"
1056 sponsor="&chelsio;">Support for the &man.cxgbe.4; Terminator
1057 5 (T5) 10G/40G cards has been added to &man.netmap.4;.</para>
1059 <para revision="272730">The &man.alc.4; driver has been updated
1060 to support AR816x and AR817x ethernet controllers.</para>
1062 <para revision="272906">The &man.pf.4; packet filter default hash
1063 has been changed from <literal>Jenkins</literal> to
1064 <literal>Murmur3</literal>, providing a 3-percent performance
1065 increase in packets-per-second.</para>
1067 <para revision="273331">The &man.vxlan.4; driver has been added,
1068 which creates a virtual Layer 2 (Ethernet) network overlaid in
1069 a Layer 3 (IP/UDP) network. The &man.vxlan.4; driver is
1070 analogous to &man.vlan.4;, but is designed to be better suited
1071 for large, multiple-tenant datacenter environments.</para>
1073 <para revision="274246" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&yandex;">The
1074 &man.gre.4; driver has been significantly overhauled, and has
1075 been split into two separate modules, &man.gre.4; and
1078 <para revision="278551">The &man.ral.4; driver has been updated
1079 to support the RT5390 and RT5392 chipsets.</para>
1081 <para revision="283514" contrib="sponsor"
1082 sponsor="&solarflare;">The &man.sfxge.4; driver has been
1083 updated to support Solarflare Flareon Ultra 7000-series
1086 <para revision="283766" contrib="sponsor"
1087 sponsor="&limelight;">The &man.em.4; driver has been updated
1088 with improved transmission queue hang detection.</para>
1090 <para revision="284125">The &man.cdce.4; driver has been updated
1091 to include support for the RTL8153 chipset.</para>
1095 <sect1 xml:id="hardware">
1096 <title>Hardware Support</title>
1098 <para>This section covers general hardware support for physical
1099 machines, hypervisors, and virtualization environments, as well
1100 as hardware changes and updates that do not otherwise fit in
1101 other sections of this document.</para>
1103 <sect2 xml:id="hardware-support">
1104 <title>Hardware Support</title>
1106 <para revision="268303">The &man.asmc.4; driver has been
1107 updated to support the &apple; MacMini 3,1.</para>
1109 <para revision="268351">Support for &os;/ia64 has been dropped
1110 as of &os; 11.</para>
1112 <para revision="274386">An issue that could cause a system to
1113 hang when entering <acronym>ACPI</acronym>
1114 <literal>S3</literal> state (suspend to
1115 <acronym>RAM</acronym>) has been corrected in the &man.acpi.4;
1116 and &man.pci.4; drivers.</para>
1118 <para revision="274733" arch="powerpc">The power management unit
1119 subsystem has been updated to support power button events on
1120 certain &arch.powerpc; hardware, such as aluminum
1121 PowerBook ®.</para>
1123 <para revision="275171,275190" arch="powerpc">The &man.hwpmc.4;
1124 driver has been updated to correct performance counter
1125 sampling on G4 (MPC74xxx) and G5 class processors.</para>
1127 <para revision="275732" contrib="sponsor"
1128 sponsor="&ff;,&netgate;">The
1129 <application>OpenCrypto</application> framework has been
1130 updated to include <literal>AES-ICM</literal> and
1131 <literal>AES-GCM</literal> modes, both of which have also been
1132 added to the &man.aesni.4; driver.</para>
1134 <para revision="281713" arch="powerpc">The &man.hwpmc.4;
1135 driver has been updated to support the Freescale e500
1138 <para revision="283766">The &man.ig4.4; driver has been added,
1139 providing support for the fourth generation &intel;
1140 <acronym>I2C</acronym> SMBus.</para>
1142 <para>The &man.uart.4; driver has been updated to support
1143 <acronym>AMT</acronym> devices on newer systems.</para>
1146 <sect2 xml:id="hardware-virtualization">
1147 <title>Virtualization Support</title>
1149 <para revision="260410">Support for the <quote>Virtual Interrupt
1150 Delivery</quote> feature of &intel; VT-x is enabled if
1151 supported by the CPU. This feature can be disabled by running
1152 <literal>sysctl hw.vmm.vmx.use_apic_vid=0</literal>.
1153 Additionally, to persist this setting across reboots, add
1154 <literal>hw.vmm.vmx.use_apic_vid=0</literal> to
1155 <filename>/etc/sysctl.conf</filename>.</para>
1157 <para revision="260532">Support for <quote>Posted Interrupt
1158 Processing</quote> is enabled if supported by the CPU. This
1159 feature can be disabled by running <literal>sysctl
1160 hw.vmm.vmx.use_apic_pir=0</literal>. Additionally, to
1161 persist this setting across reboots, add
1162 <literal>hw.vmm.vmx.use_apic_pir=0</literal> to
1163 <filename>/etc/sysctl.conf</filename>.</para>
1165 <para revision="260582">Unmapped IO support has been added to
1166 &man.virtio_blk.4;.</para>
1168 <para revision="260583">Unmapped IO support has been added to
1169 &man.virtio_scsi.4;.</para>
1171 <para revision="260847">The &man.virtio_random.4; driver has
1172 been added to harvest entropy from the host system.</para>
1174 <para revision="261504">&os;/&arch.i386; guests can be run under
1177 <para revision="267536" contrib="sponsor"
1178 sponsor="&citrix.rd;">Support for running a &os;/&arch.amd64;
1179 <application>Xen</application> guest instance as
1180 <acronym>PVH</acronym> guest has been added.
1181 <acronym>PVH</acronym> mode, short for <quote>Para-Virtualized
1182 Hardware</quote>, uses para-virtualized drivers for boot and
1183 I/O, and uses hardware virtualization extensions for all other
1184 tasks, without the need for emulation.</para>
1186 <para revision="273375">The &man.bhyve.8; hypervisor has been
1187 updated to support &amd; processors with
1188 <acronym>SVM</acronym> and <acronym>AMD-V</acronym> hardware
1191 <para revision="273515">The &man.virtio.console.4; driver has
1192 been added, which provides an interface to VirtIO console
1193 devices through a &man.tty.4; device.</para>
1195 <para revision="279957">The &man.bhyve.8; hypervisor has been
1196 updated to support <literal>DSM TRIM</literal> commands for
1197 virtual <acronym>AHCI</acronym> disks.</para>
1199 <para revision="281439" arch="arm">Support for the
1200 <application>QEMU</application> <literal>virt</literal> system
1201 has been added.</para>
1203 <para revision="282212" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&msostc;">The
1204 Hyper-V™ drivers have been updated with several
1205 enhancements:</para>
1209 <para>The &man.hv.vmbus.4; driver now has multi-channel
1214 <para>The &man.hv.storvsc.4; driver now has scatter/gather
1215 support, in addition to performance improvements.</para>
1219 <para>The &man.hv.kvp.4; driver has received several bug
1224 <para revision="282274">Support for &man.xen.4; para-virtualized
1225 <literal>domU</literal> kernels has been removed.</para>
1227 <para revision="284746" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&msostc;">The
1228 &man.hv.netvsc.4; driver has been updated to support checksum
1229 offloading and <acronym>TSO</acronym>.</para>
1232 <sect2 xml:id="hardware-arm">
1233 <title>ARM Support</title>
1235 <para revision="260921">The &man.nand.4; device is enabled for
1236 ARM devices by default.</para>
1238 <para revision="266943" arch="arm">Support for the Exynos 5420
1239 Octa system has been added.</para>
1241 <para revision="267390" arch="arm">The <acronym>SMP</acronym>
1242 option has been enabled for all Exynos 5 systems supported by
1245 <para revision="268838" arch="arm">Support for the Toradex
1246 Apalis i.MX6 development board has been added.</para>
1248 <para revision="273264" arch="armv6">An issue that could cause
1249 instability when detecting <acronym>SD</acronym> cards on the
1250 Raspberry Pi <acronym>SOC</acronym> has been fixed.</para>
1252 <para revision="275963">The <literal>bcm2835_cpufreq</literal>
1253 driver has been added, which supports <acronym>CPU</acronym>
1254 frequency and voltage control on the Raspberry Pi
1255 <acronym>SOC</acronym>.</para>
1257 <para revision="277042" arch="arm">Support to turn off the
1258 BeagleBone Black system with the &man.shutdown.8;
1259 <literal>-p</literal> flag or by invoking &man.poweroff.8; has
1262 <para revision="277644" arch="arm">Audio transmission drivers
1263 have been added for Digital Audio Multiplexer
1264 (<acronym>AUDMUXM</acronym>), Smart Direct Memory Access
1265 Controller (<acronym>SDMA</acronym>), and Syncronous Serial
1266 Interface (<acronym>SSI</acronym>).</para>
1268 <para revision="280259" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ff;">Initial
1269 support for the ARM AArch64 architecture has been
1272 <para revision="282779" arch="arm">Kernel support for Thumb-2
1273 userland has been added.</para>
1275 <para revision="282827">Support for the hardware power button
1276 on the BeagleBone Black system has been added.</para>
1278 <para revision="284273" contrib="sponsor"
1279 sponsor="&ff;">Initial
1280 <acronym>ACPI</acronym> support has been added for
1281 &os;/&arch.arm64;.</para>
1285 <sect1 xml:id="storage">
1286 <title>Storage</title>
1288 <para>This section covers changes and additions to file systems
1289 and other storage subsystems, both local and networked.</para>
1291 <sect2 xml:id="storage-general">
1292 <title>General Storage</title>
1294 <para revision="278037" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ix;">The
1295 &man.ctl.4; <acronym>LUN</acronym> mapping has been rewritten,
1296 replacing <acronym>iSCSI</acronym>-specific mapping mechanisms
1297 with a new mechanism that works for any port.</para>
1299 <para revision="278354" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ix;">The
1300 &man.ctld.8; utility has been updated to allow controlling
1301 non-<acronym>iSCSI</acronym> &man.ctl.4; ports.</para>
1303 <para revision="275681" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ff;">The
1304 &man.autofs.5; subsystem has been updated to include a new
1305 &man.auto.master.5; map, <literal>-media</literal>, which
1306 allows automatically mounting removable media, such as
1307 <acronym>CD</acronym> drives or <acronym>USB</acronym> flash
1310 <para revision="279955" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ff;">The
1311 &man.autofs.5; subsystem has been updated to include a new
1312 &man.auto.master.5; map, <literal>-noauto</literal>, which
1313 handles &man.fstab.5; entries set to
1314 <literal>noauto</literal>.</para>
1317 <sect2 xml:id="storage-net">
1318 <title>Networked Storage</title>
1320 <para revision="270096" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ff;">The new
1321 filesystem automount facility, &man.autofs.5;, has been added.
1322 The new &man.autofs.5; facility is similar to that found in
1323 other &unix;-like operating systems, such as OS X™
1324 and Solaris™. The &man.autofs.5; facility uses
1325 a &sun;-compatible &man.auto.master.5; configuration file, and
1326 is administered with the &man.automount.8; userland utility,
1327 and the &man.automountd.8; and &man.autounmountd.8;
1330 <para revision="273849" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ff;">Support
1331 for the <literal>timeo</literal>, <literal>actimeo</literal>,
1332 <literal>noac</literal>, and <literal>proto</literal> options
1333 have been added to &man.mount.nfs.8;.</para>
1336 <sect2 xml:id="storage-zfs">
1339 <para revision="275748">The <literal>arc_meta_limit</literal>
1340 statistics are now visible through the
1341 <literal>kstat</literal> &man.sysctl.8;. As a result of this
1342 change, the <literal>vfs.zfs.arc_meta_used</literal>
1343 &man.sysctl.8; has been removed, and replaced with the
1344 <literal>kstat.zfs.misc.arcstats.arc_meta_used</literal>
1345 &man.sysctl.8;.</para>
1348 <sect2 xml:id="storage-geom">
1349 <title>&man.geom.4;</title>
1351 <para revision="267359">Support for the
1352 <literal>disklabel64</literal> partitioning scheme has been
1353 added to &man.gpart.8;.</para>
1355 <para revision="282465">Support for the
1356 <literal>apple-boot</literal>, <literal>apple-hfs</literal>,
1357 and <literal>apple-ufs</literal> <acronym>MBR</acronym>
1358 partitioning schemes have been added to &man.gpart.8;.</para>
1362 <sect1 xml:id="boot">
1363 <title>Boot Loader Changes</title>
1365 <para>This section covers the boot loader, boot menu, and other
1366 boot-related changes.</para>
1368 <sect2 xml:id="boot-loader">
1369 <title>Boot Loader Changes</title>
1371 <para revision="258431" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ff;">The
1372 memory test run at boot time on &os;/&arch.amd64; platforms
1373 has been disabled by default.</para>
1375 <para revision="262955">A new &man.ttys.5; class,
1376 <literal>3wire</literal>, has been added. This is similar to
1377 the existing terminal classes, but does not have a defined
1380 <para revision="274085">The &man.vt.4; driver has been made the
1381 default system console driver. The &man.syscons.4; driver is
1382 still available, and can be enabled by adding
1383 <literal>kern.vty=sc</literal> in &man.loader.conf.5;.
1384 Alternatively, &man.syscons.4; can be enabled at boot time by
1385 entering <literal>set kern.vty=sc</literal> at the
1386 &man.loader.8; prompt.</para>
1388 <para revision="279950">Support for <literal>bzipfs</literal>
1389 has been added to the <acronym>EFI</acronym> loader.</para>
1391 <para revision="281616">The boot loader has been updated to
1392 support entering the <acronym>GELI</acronym> passphrase before
1393 loading the kernel. To enable this behavior, add
1394 <literal>geom_eli_passphrase_prompt="YES"</literal> to
1395 &man.loader.conf.5;.</para>
1397 <para revision="284683" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ff;"
1398 arch="arm">The &man.ttys.5; file for &os;/&arch.arm; has been
1399 updated to enable <filename>ttyu1</filename>,
1400 <filename>ttyu2</filename>, and <filename>ttyu3</filename> by
1401 default, if the callin port is an active console port.</para>
1404 <sect2 xml:id="boot-menu">
1405 <title>Boot Menu Changes</title>
1411 <sect1 xml:id="network">
1412 <title>Networking</title>
1414 <para>This section describes changes that affect networking in
1417 <sect2 xml:id="network-protocols">
1418 <title>Network Protocols</title>
1420 <para revision="263140">Support for the IPX network transport
1421 protocol has been removed, and will not be supported in
1422 &os; 11 and later releases.</para>
1424 <para revision="272720" contrib="sponsor"
1425 sponsor="&limelight;">Support for <acronym>PLPMTUD</acronym>
1426 blackhole detection (<acronym>RFC</acronym> 4821) has been
1427 added to the &man.tcp.4; stack, disabled by default. New
1428 control tunables have been added:</para>
1430 <informaltable frame="none" pgwide="0">
1432 <colspec colwidth="1*"/>
1433 <colspec colwidth="1*"/>
1436 <entry>Tunable</entry>
1437 <entry>Description</entry>
1443 <entry><literal>net.inet.tcp.pmtud_blackhole_detection</literal></entry>
1444 <entry>Enables or disables <acronym>PLPMTUD</acronym>
1445 blackhole detection</entry>
1449 <entry><literal>net.inet.tcp.pmtud_blackhole_mss</literal></entry>
1450 <entry><acronym>MSS</acronym> to try for IPv4</entry>
1454 <entry><literal>net.inet.tcp.v6pmtud_blackhole_mss</literal></entry>
1455 <entry><acronym>MSS to try for IPv6</acronym></entry>
1461 <para>New monitoring &man.sysctl.8;s haven been added:</para>
1463 <informaltable frame="none" pgwide="0">
1465 <colspec colwidth="1*"/>
1466 <colspec colwidth="1*"/>
1469 <entry>Tunable</entry>
1470 <entry>Description</entry>
1476 <entry><literal>net.inet.tcp.pmtud_blackhole_activated</literal></entry>
1477 <entry>Number of times the code was activated to attempt
1478 downshifting the <acronym>MSS</acronym></entry>
1482 <entry><literal>net.inet.tcp.pmtud_blackhole_min_activated</literal></entry>
1483 <entry>Number of times the blackhole
1484 <acronym>MSS</acronym> was used in an attempt to
1489 <entry><literal>net.inet.tcp.pmtud_blackhole_failed</literal></entry>
1490 <entry>Number of times that the blackhole failed to
1491 connect after downshifting the
1492 <acronym>MSS</acronym></entry>
1498 <para revision="280971" contrib="sponsor"
1499 sponsor="&netflix;, &nginx;">Support for <acronym>IP</acronym>
1500 identification for atomic datagrams (<acronym>RFC</acronym>
1501 6864) has been added. Support for this feature can be toggled
1502 with the <literal>net.inet.ip.rfc6864</literal>
1503 &man.sysctl.8;, which is enabled by default.</para>
1507 <sect1 xml:id="ports">
1508 <title>Ports Collection and Package Infrastructure</title>
1510 <para>This section covers changes to the &os; Ports
1511 Collection, package infrastructure, and package maintenance and
1512 installation tools.</para>
1514 <sect2 xml:id="ports-infrastructure">
1515 <title>Infrastructure Changes</title>
1520 <sect2 xml:id="ports-packages ">
1521 <title>Packaging Changes</title>
1527 <sect1 xml:id="doc">
1528 <title>Documentation</title>
1530 <para>This section covers changes to the &os; Documentation
1531 Project sources and toolchain.</para>
1533 <sect2 xml:id="doc-sources">
1534 <title>Documentation Source Changes</title>
1539 <sect2 xml:id="doc-toolchain">
1540 <title>Documentation Toolchain Changes</title>
1546 <sect1 xml:id="releng">
1547 <title>Release Engineering and Integration</title>
1549 <para>This section convers changes that are specific to the
1550 &os; Release Engineering processes.</para>
1552 <sect2 xml:id="releng-changes">
1553 <title>Integration Changes</title>
1555 <para revision="277458" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ff;">The
1556 Release Engineering build tools have been updated to include
1557 support for producing virtual machine disk images for various
1558 cloud hosting providers.</para>
1560 <para revision="278926">The Release Engineering build tools have
1561 been updated to use multi-threaded &man.xz.1;. By default,
1562 the number of &man.xz.1; threads is set to the number of cores
1565 <para revision="281802" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ff;">The
1566 Release Engineering build tools have been updated to include
1567 support for building &os;/&arch.arm64; virtual machine and
1568 memory stick installation images.</para>
1570 <para revision="282693" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ff;">The
1571 Release Engineering build tools have been updated to support
1572 building &os;/&arch.arm; images without external utilities for
1573 supported boards where a corresponding
1574 <literal>u-boot</literal> port exists in the Ports
1577 <para revision="283307" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ff;">The
1578 &os;/&arch.i386; memory stick installation images are now
1579 created using the &man.mkimg.1; utility, matching the way
1580 the &os;/&arch.amd64; images are created.</para>