3 ## Directory Structure
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5 The DragonFly directory hierarchy is fundamental to obtaining an overall understanding of the system. The most important concept to grasp is that of the root directory, ***/***. This directory is the first one mounted at boot time and it contains the base system necessary to prepare the operating system for multi-user operation. The root directory also contains mount points for every other file system that you may want to mount.
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7 A mount point is a directory where additional file systems can be grafted onto the root file system. This is further described in [ this Section](disk-organization.html). Standard mount points include `/usr`, `/var`, `/tmp`, `/mnt`, and `/cdrom`. These directories are usually referenced to entries in the file `/etc/fstab`. `/etc/fstab` is a table of various file systems and mount points for reference by the system. Most of the file systems in `/etc/fstab` are mounted automatically at boot time from the script [rc(8)](http://leaf.dragonflybsd.org/cgi/web-man?command#rc§ion8) unless they contain the `noauto` option. Details can be found in [ this section](mount-unmount.html#DISKS-FSTAB).
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9 A complete description of the file system hierarchy is available in [hier(7)](http://leaf.dragonflybsd.org/cgi/web-man?command#hier§ion7). For now, a brief overview of the most common directories will suffice.
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12 |<tablestyle="width:100%"> Directory | Description
13 <tablestyle="width:100%"> `/` | Root directory of the file system.
14 `/bin/` | User utilities fundamental to both single-user and multi-user environments.
15 `/boot/` | Programs and configuration files used during operating system bootstrap.
16 `/boot/defaults/` | Default bootstrapping configuration files; see [loader.conf(5)](http://leaf.dragonflybsd.org/cgi/web-man?command#loader.conf§ion5).
17 `/dev/` | Device nodes; see [intro(4)](http://leaf.dragonflybsd.org/cgi/web-man?command#intro§ion4).
18 `/etc/` | System configuration files and scripts.
19 `/etc/defaults/` | Default system configuration files; see [rc(8)](http://leaf.dragonflybsd.org/cgi/web-man?command#rc§ion8).
20 `/etc/mail/` | Configuration files for mail transport agents such as [sendmail(8)](http://leaf.dragonflybsd.org/cgi/web-man?command#sendmail§ion8).
21 `/etc/namedb/` | `named` configuration files; see [named(8)](http://leaf.dragonflybsd.org/cgi/web-man?command#named§ion8).
22 `/etc/periodic/` | Scripts that are run daily, weekly, and monthly, via [cron(8)](http://leaf.dragonflybsd.org/cgi/web-man?command#cron§ion8); see [periodic(8)](http://leaf.dragonflybsd.org/cgi/web-man?command=periodic§ion=8).
23 `/etc/ppp/` | `ppp` configuration files; see [ppp(8)](http://leaf.dragonflybsd.org/cgi/web-man?command#ppp§ion8).
24 `/mnt/` | Empty directory commonly used by system administrators as a temporary mount point.
25 `/proc/` | Process file system; see [procfs(5)](http://leaf.dragonflybsd.org/cgi/web-man?command#procfs§ion5), [mount_procfs(8)](http://leaf.dragonflybsd.org/cgi/web-man?command=mount_procfs§ion=8).
26 `/root/` | Home directory for the `root` account.
27 `/sbin/` | System programs and administration utilities fundamental to both single-user and multi-user environments.
28 `/tmp/` | Temporary files. The contents of `/tmp` are usually NOT preserved across a system reboot. A memory-based file system is often mounted at `/tmp`. This can be automated with an entry in `/etc/fstab`; see [mfs(8)](http://leaf.dragonflybsd.org/cgi/web-man?command#mfs§ion8).
29 `/usr/` | The majority of user utilities and applications.
30 `/usr/bin/` | Common utilities, programming tools, and applications.
31 `/usr/include/` | Standard C include files.
32 `/usr/lib/` | Archive libraries.
33 `/usr/libdata/` | Miscellaneous utility data files.
34 `/usr/libexec/` | System daemons & system utilities (executed by other programs).
35 `/usr/local/` | Local executables, libraries, etc. Within `/usr/local`, the general layout sketched out by [hier(7)](http://leaf.dragonflybsd.org/cgi/web-man?command#hier§ion7) for `/usr` should be used. An exceptions is the man directory, which is directly under `/usr/local` rather than under `/usr/local/share`.
36 `/usr/obj/` | Architecture-specific target tree produced by building the `/usr/src` tree.
37 `/usr/pkg` | Used as the default destination for the files installed via the pkgsrcĀ® tree or pkgsrc packages (optional). The configuration directory is tunable, but the default location is `/usr/pkg/etc`.
38 `/usr/pkg/xorg/` | X11R6 distribution executables, libraries, etc (optional).
39 `/usr/pkgsrc` | The pkgsrc tree for installing packages (optional).
40 `/usr/sbin/` | System daemons & system utilities (executed by users).
41 `/usr/share/` | Architecture-independent files.
42 `/usr/src/` | BSD and/or local source files.
43 `/var/` | Multi-purpose log, temporary, transient, and spool files. A memory-based file system is sometimes mounted at `/var`. This can be automated with an entry in `/etc/fstab`; see [mfs(8)](http://leaf.dragonflybsd.org/cgi/web-man?command#mfs§ion8).
44 `/var/log/` | Miscellaneous system log files.
45 `/var/mail/` | User mailbox files.
46 `/var/spool/` | Miscellaneous printer and mail system spooling directories.
47 `/var/tmp/` | Temporary files. The files are usually preserved across a system reboot, unless `/var` is a memory-based file system.
48 `/var/yp` | NIS maps. |
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53 CategoryHandbook-basics
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