2 * Copyright (c) 1987, 1993
3 * The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.
5 * This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by
6 * Symmetric Computer Systems.
8 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
9 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
11 * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
12 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
13 * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
14 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
15 * documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
16 * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
17 * must display the following acknowledgement:
18 * This product includes software developed by the University of
19 * California, Berkeley and its contributors.
20 * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
21 * may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
22 * without specific prior written permission.
24 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
25 * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
26 * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
27 * ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
28 * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
29 * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
30 * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
31 * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
32 * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
33 * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
36 * @(#) Copyright (c) 1987, 1993 The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.
37 * @(#)disklabel.c 1.2 (Symmetric) 11/28/85
38 * @(#)disklabel.c 8.2 (Berkeley) 1/7/94
39 * $FreeBSD: src/sbin/disklabel/disklabel.c,v 1.28.2.15 2003/01/24 16:18:16 des Exp $
40 * $DragonFly: src/sbin/disklabel/disklabel.c,v 1.28 2008/08/21 21:22:36 thomas Exp $
43 #include <sys/param.h>
48 #include <sys/disklabel32.h>
49 #include <sys/disklabel64.h>
50 #include <sys/diskslice.h>
51 #include <sys/diskmbr.h>
52 #include <sys/dtype.h>
53 #include <sys/sysctl.h>
56 #include <vfs/ufs/dinode.h>
57 #include <vfs/ufs/fs.h>
69 #include "pathnames.h"
72 * Disklabel: read and write disklabels.
73 * The label is usually placed on one of the first sectors of the disk.
74 * Many machines also place a bootstrap in the same area,
75 * in which case the label is embedded in the bootstrap.
76 * The bootstrap source must leave space at the proper offset
77 * for the label on such machines.
81 #define BBSIZE 8192 /* size of boot area, with label */
84 /* FIX! These are too low, but are traditional */
85 #define DEFAULT_NEWFS_BLOCK 8192U
86 #define DEFAULT_NEWFS_FRAG 1024U
87 #define DEFAULT_NEWFS_CPG 16U
89 #define BIG_NEWFS_BLOCK 16384U
90 #define BIG_NEWFS_FRAG 2048U
91 #define BIG_NEWFS_CPG 64U
95 void makelabel(const char *, const char *, struct disklabel32 *);
96 int writelabel(int, const char *, struct disklabel32 *);
97 void l_perror(const char *);
98 struct disklabel32 *readlabel(int);
99 struct disklabel32 *makebootarea(char *, struct disklabel32 *, int);
100 void display(FILE *, const struct disklabel32 *);
101 int edit(struct disklabel32 *, int);
105 int getasciilabel(FILE *, struct disklabel32 *);
106 int getasciipartspec(char *, struct disklabel32 *, int, int);
107 int checklabel(struct disklabel32 *);
108 void setbootflag(struct disklabel32 *);
109 void Warning(const char *, ...) __printflike(1, 2);
111 int checkoldboot(int, const char *);
112 const char *fixlabel(int, struct disklabel32 *, int);
113 struct disklabel32 *getvirginlabel(void);
114 struct disklabel32 *getdisklabelfromdisktab(const char *name);
116 #define DEFEDITOR _PATH_VI
117 #define streq(a,b) (strcmp(a,b) == 0)
121 char tmpfil[] = PATH_TMPFILE;
123 char namebuf[BBSIZE], *np = namebuf;
124 struct disklabel32 lab;
125 char bootarea[BBSIZE];
127 #define MAX_PART ('z')
128 #define MAX_NUM_PARTS (1 + MAX_PART - 'a')
129 char part_size_type[MAX_NUM_PARTS];
130 char part_offset_type[MAX_NUM_PARTS];
131 int part_set[MAX_NUM_PARTS];
134 int installboot; /* non-zero if we should install a boot program */
135 char *bootbuf; /* pointer to buffer with remainder of boot prog */
136 int bootsize; /* size of remaining boot program */
137 char *xxboot; /* primary boot */
138 char *bootxx; /* secondary boot */
139 char boot0[MAXPATHLEN];
140 char boot1[MAXPATHLEN];
144 UNSPEC, EDIT, NOWRITE, READ, RESTORE, WRITE, WRITEABLE, WRITEBOOT
148 int disable_write; /* set to disable writing to disk label */
150 u_int32_t slice_start_lba;
154 #define OPTIONS "BNRWb:def:nrs:w"
156 #define OPTIONS "BNRWb:ef:nrs:w"
160 main(int argc, char *argv[])
162 struct disklabel32 *lp;
164 int ch, f = 0, flag, error = 0;
167 while ((ch = getopt(argc, argv, OPTIONS)) != -1)
179 slice_start_lba = strtoul(optarg, NULL, 0);
247 if (dkname[0] != '/') {
248 sprintf(np, "%s%s", _PATH_DEV, dkname);
250 np += strlen(specname) + 1;
254 f = open(specname, op == READ ? O_RDONLY : O_RDWR);
255 if (f < 0 && errno == ENOENT && dkname[0] != '/') {
256 sprintf(specname, "%s%s", _PATH_DEV, dkname);
257 np = namebuf + strlen(specname) + 1;
258 f = open(specname, op == READ ? O_RDONLY : O_RDWR);
261 err(4, "%s", specname);
277 if (ioctl(f, DIOCWLABEL, (char *)&flag) < 0)
278 err(4, "ioctl DIOCWLABEL");
286 error = checklabel(lp);
287 if (checkoldboot(f, NULL))
288 warnx("Warning, old bootblocks detected, install new bootblocks & reinstall the disklabel");
293 if (installboot && argc == 3) {
294 makelabel(argv[2], 0, &lab);
298 * We only called makelabel() for its side effect
299 * of setting the bootstrap file names. Discard
300 * all changes to `lab' so that all values in the
301 * final label come from the ASCII label.
303 bzero((char *)&lab, sizeof(lab));
308 if (!(t = fopen(argv[1], "r")))
309 err(4, "%s", argv[1]);
310 if (!getasciilabel(t, &lab))
312 lp = makebootarea(bootarea, &lab, f);
314 error = writelabel(f, bootarea, lp);
324 makelabel(argv[1], name, &lab);
325 lp = makebootarea(bootarea, &lab, f);
327 if (checklabel(lp) == 0)
328 error = writelabel(f, bootarea, lp);
333 if (ioctl(f, DIOCWLABEL, (char *)&flag) < 0)
334 err(4, "ioctl DIOCWLABEL");
340 struct disklabel32 tlab;
345 makelabel(argv[1], 0, &lab);
346 lp = makebootarea(bootarea, &lab, f);
348 if (checklabel(lp) == 0)
349 error = writelabel(f, bootarea, lp);
358 * Construct a prototype disklabel from /etc/disktab. As a side
359 * effect, set the names of the primary and secondary boot files
363 makelabel(const char *type, const char *name, struct disklabel32 *lp)
365 struct disklabel32 *dp;
367 if (strcmp(type, "auto") == 0)
368 dp = getvirginlabel();
370 dp = getdisklabelfromdisktab(type);
372 errx(1, "%s: unknown disk type", type);
376 * NOTE: boot control files may no longer be specified in disktab.
379 strncpy(lp->d_packname, name, sizeof(lp->d_packname));
383 writelabel(int f, const char *boot, struct disklabel32 *lp)
390 Warning("write to disk label suppressed - label was as follows:");
394 /* make sure we are not overwriting our boot code */
395 if (checkoldboot(f, boot))
396 errx(4, "Will not overwrite old bootblocks w/ label, install new boot blocks first!");
398 lp->d_magic = DISKMAGIC32;
399 lp->d_magic2 = DISKMAGIC32;
401 lp->d_checksum = dkcksum32(lp);
404 * First set the kernel disk label,
405 * then write a label to the raw disk.
406 * If the SDINFO ioctl fails because it is unimplemented,
407 * keep going; otherwise, the kernel consistency checks
408 * may prevent us from changing the current (in-core)
411 if (ioctl(f, DIOCSDINFO32, lp) < 0 &&
412 errno != ENODEV && errno != ENOTTY) {
413 l_perror("ioctl DIOCSDINFO32");
416 lseek(f, (off_t)0, SEEK_SET);
419 * write enable label sector before write
420 * (if necessary), disable after writing.
423 if (ioctl(f, DIOCWLABEL, &flag) < 0)
424 warn("ioctl DIOCWLABEL");
425 msg = fixlabel(f, lp, 1);
430 r = write(f, boot, lp->d_bbsize);
432 if (r != ((ssize_t)lp->d_bbsize)) {
438 * Output the remainder of the disklabel
442 r = write(f, bootbuf, bootsize);
451 ioctl(f, DIOCWLABEL, &flag);
452 } else if (ioctl(f, DIOCWDINFO32, lp) < 0) {
453 l_perror("ioctl DIOCWDINFO32");
461 l_perror(const char *s)
466 warnx("%s: no disk label on disk;", s);
467 fprintf(stderr, "add \"-r\" to install initial label\n");
471 warnx("%s: label magic number or checksum is wrong!", s);
472 fprintf(stderr, "(disklabel or kernel is out of date?)\n");
476 warnx("%s: open partition would move or shrink", s);
480 warnx("%s: '%c' partition must start at beginning of disk",
485 warnx("%s: the disk already has a label of a different type,\n"
486 "probably a 64 bit disklabel. It must be cleaned out "
497 * Fetch disklabel for disk.
498 * Use ioctl to get label unless -r flag is given.
504 struct disklabel32 *lp;
508 r = read(f, bootarea, BBSIZE);
510 err(4, "%s", specname);
511 for (lp = (struct disklabel32 *)bootarea;
512 lp <= (struct disklabel32 *)(bootarea + BBSIZE - sizeof(*lp));
513 lp = (struct disklabel32 *)((char *)lp + 16)) {
514 if (lp->d_magic == DISKMAGIC32 &&
515 lp->d_magic2 == DISKMAGIC32)
518 if (lp > (struct disklabel32 *)(bootarea+BBSIZE-sizeof(*lp)) ||
519 lp->d_magic != DISKMAGIC32 || lp->d_magic2 != DISKMAGIC32 ||
520 dkcksum32(lp) != 0) {
521 errx(1, "bad pack magic number (label is damaged, "
522 "or pack is unlabeled)");
524 if ((msg = fixlabel(f, lp, 0)) != NULL)
528 if (ioctl(f, DIOCGDINFO32, lp) < 0) {
529 l_perror("ioctl DIOCGDINFO32");
537 * Construct a bootarea (d_bbsize bytes) in the specified buffer ``boot''
538 * Returns a pointer to the disklabel portion of the bootarea.
541 makebootarea(char *boot, struct disklabel32 *dp, int f)
543 struct disklabel32 *lp;
552 unsigned int i, found;
556 if (dp->d_secsize == 0) {
557 dp->d_secsize = DEV_BSIZE;
558 dp->d_bbsize = BBSIZE;
560 lp = (struct disklabel32 *)
561 (boot + (LABELSECTOR32 * dp->d_secsize) + LABELOFFSET32);
562 bzero((char *)lp, sizeof *lp);
565 * If we are not installing a boot program but we are installing a
566 * label on disk then we must read the current bootarea so we don't
567 * clobber the existing boot.
571 if (read(f, boot, BBSIZE) < BBSIZE)
572 err(4, "%s", specname);
573 bzero((char *)lp, sizeof *lp);
578 * We are installing a boot program. Determine the name(s) and
579 * read them into the appropriate places in the boot area.
581 if (!xxboot || !bootxx) {
583 if ((p = strrchr(dkname, '/')) == NULL)
587 while (*p && !isdigit(*p))
592 sprintf(boot0, "%s/boot1", _PATH_BOOTDIR);
597 sprintf(boot1, "%s/boot2", _PATH_BOOTDIR);
604 fprintf(stderr, "bootstraps: xxboot = %s, bootxx = %s\n",
605 xxboot, bootxx ? bootxx : "NONE");
610 * 1. One-piece bootstrap (hp300/hp800)
611 * up to d_bbsize bytes of ``xxboot'' go in bootarea, the rest
612 * is remembered and written later following the bootarea.
613 * 2. Two-piece bootstraps (vax/i386?/mips?)
614 * up to d_secsize bytes of ``xxboot'' go in first d_secsize
615 * bytes of bootarea, remaining d_bbsize-d_secsize filled
618 b = open(xxboot, O_RDONLY);
620 err(4, "%s", xxboot);
625 * The i386 has the so-called fdisk table embedded into the
626 * primary bootstrap. We take care to not clobber it, but
627 * only if it does already contain some data. (Otherwise,
628 * the xxboot provides a template.)
630 if ((tmpbuf = (char *)malloc((int)dp->d_secsize)) == 0)
631 err(4, "%s", xxboot);
632 memcpy((void *)tmpbuf, (void *)boot, (int)dp->d_secsize);
634 if (read(b, boot, (int)dp->d_secsize) < 0)
635 err(4, "%s", xxboot);
638 for (i = DOSPARTOFF, found = 0;
639 !found && i < DOSPARTOFF + NDOSPART*sizeof(struct dos_partition);
641 found = tmpbuf[i] != 0;
643 memcpy((void *)&boot[DOSPARTOFF],
644 (void *)&tmpbuf[DOSPARTOFF],
645 NDOSPART * sizeof(struct dos_partition));
648 b = open(bootxx, O_RDONLY);
650 err(4, "%s", bootxx);
651 if (fstat(b, &sb) != 0)
652 err(4, "%s", bootxx);
653 if (dp->d_secsize + sb.st_size > dp->d_bbsize)
654 errx(4, "%s too large", bootxx);
655 if (read(b, &boot[dp->d_secsize],
656 (int)(dp->d_bbsize-dp->d_secsize)) < 0)
657 err(4, "%s", bootxx);
658 #else /* !(NUMBOOT > 1) */
659 if (read(b, boot, (int)dp->d_bbsize) < 0)
660 err(4, "%s", xxboot);
661 if (fstat(b, &sb) != 0)
662 err(4, "%s", xxboot);
663 bootsize = (int)sb.st_size - dp->d_bbsize;
665 /* XXX assume d_secsize is a power of two */
666 bootsize = (bootsize + dp->d_secsize-1) & ~(dp->d_secsize-1);
667 bootbuf = (char *)malloc((size_t)bootsize);
669 err(4, "%s", xxboot);
670 if (read(b, bootbuf, bootsize) < 0) {
672 err(4, "%s", xxboot);
675 #endif /* NUMBOOT > 1 */
677 #endif /* NUMBOOT > 0 */
679 * Make sure no part of the bootstrap is written in the area
680 * reserved for the label.
682 for (p = (char *)lp; p < (char *)lp + sizeof(struct disklabel32); p++)
684 errx(2, "bootstrap doesn't leave room for disk label");
689 display(FILE *f, const struct disklabel32 *lp)
692 const struct partition32 *pp;
694 fprintf(f, "# %s:\n", specname);
695 if (lp->d_type < DKMAXTYPES)
696 fprintf(f, "type: %s\n", dktypenames[lp->d_type]);
698 fprintf(f, "type: %u\n", lp->d_type);
699 fprintf(f, "disk: %.*s\n", (int)sizeof(lp->d_typename),
701 fprintf(f, "label: %.*s\n", (int)sizeof(lp->d_packname),
703 fprintf(f, "flags:");
705 fprintf(f, "bytes/sector: %lu\n", (u_long)lp->d_secsize);
706 fprintf(f, "sectors/track: %lu\n", (u_long)lp->d_nsectors);
707 fprintf(f, "tracks/cylinder: %lu\n", (u_long)lp->d_ntracks);
708 fprintf(f, "sectors/cylinder: %lu\n", (u_long)lp->d_secpercyl);
709 fprintf(f, "cylinders: %lu\n", (u_long)lp->d_ncylinders);
710 fprintf(f, "sectors/unit: %lu\n", (u_long)lp->d_secperunit);
711 fprintf(f, "rpm: %u\n", lp->d_rpm);
712 fprintf(f, "interleave: %u\n", lp->d_interleave);
713 fprintf(f, "trackskew: %u\n", lp->d_trackskew);
714 fprintf(f, "cylinderskew: %u\n", lp->d_cylskew);
715 fprintf(f, "headswitch: %lu\t\t# milliseconds\n",
716 (u_long)lp->d_headswitch);
717 fprintf(f, "track-to-track seek: %ld\t# milliseconds\n",
718 (u_long)lp->d_trkseek);
719 fprintf(f, "drivedata: ");
720 for (i = NDDATA32 - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
721 if (lp->d_drivedata[i])
726 for (j = 0; j <= i; j++)
727 fprintf(f, "%lu ", (u_long)lp->d_drivedata[j]);
728 fprintf(f, "\n\n%u partitions:\n", lp->d_npartitions);
730 "# size offset fstype\n");
731 pp = lp->d_partitions;
732 for (i = 0; i < lp->d_npartitions; i++, pp++) {
734 u_long onemeg = 1024 * 1024 / lp->d_secsize;
735 fprintf(f, " %c: ", 'a' + i);
737 fprintf(f, "%10lu ", (u_long)pp->p_size);
738 fprintf(f, "%10lu ", (u_long)pp->p_offset);
739 if (pp->p_fstype < FSMAXTYPES)
740 fprintf(f, "%8.8s", fstypenames[pp->p_fstype]);
742 fprintf(f, "%8d", pp->p_fstype);
744 fprintf(f, "\t# %11.3fMB", (double)pp->p_size / onemeg);
752 edit(struct disklabel32 *lp, int f)
755 struct disklabel32 label;
758 if ((fd = mkstemp(tmpfil)) == -1 ||
759 (fp = fdopen(fd, "w")) == NULL) {
760 warnx("can't create %s", tmpfil);
768 fp = fopen(tmpfil, "r");
770 warnx("can't reopen %s for reading", tmpfil);
773 bzero((char *)&label, sizeof(label));
774 if (getasciilabel(fp, &label)) {
776 if (writelabel(f, bootarea, lp) == 0) {
783 printf("re-edit the label? [y]: "); fflush(stdout);
785 if (c != EOF && c != (int)'\n')
786 while (getchar() != (int)'\n')
802 omask = sigblock(sigmask(SIGINT)|sigmask(SIGQUIT)|sigmask(SIGHUP));
803 while ((pid = fork()) < 0) {
804 if (errno == EPROCLIM) {
805 warnx("you have too many processes");
808 if (errno != EAGAIN) {
818 if ((ed = getenv("EDITOR")) == NULL)
820 execlp(ed, ed, tmpfil, NULL);
823 while ((xpid = wait(&status)) >= 0)
834 while (*cp != '\0' && isspace(*cp))
836 if (*cp == '\0' || *cp == '#')
846 while (*cp != '\0' && !isspace(*cp) && *cp != '#')
848 if ((c = *cp) != '\0') {
857 * Read an ascii label in from fd f,
858 * in the same format as that put out by display(),
862 getasciilabel(FILE *f, struct disklabel32 *lp)
867 char *tp, line[BUFSIZ];
869 int lineno = 0, errors = 0;
872 char unknown[] = "unknown";
874 bzero(&part_set, sizeof(part_set));
875 bzero(&part_size_type, sizeof(part_size_type));
876 bzero(&part_offset_type, sizeof(part_offset_type));
877 lp->d_bbsize = BBSIZE; /* XXX */
878 lp->d_sbsize = SBSIZE; /* XXX */
879 while (fgets(line, sizeof(line) - 1, f)) {
881 if ((cp = strchr(line,'\n')) != 0)
886 tp = strchr(cp, ':');
888 fprintf(stderr, "line %d: syntax error\n", lineno);
892 *tp++ = '\0', tp = skip(tp);
893 if (streq(cp, "type")) {
897 for (; cpp < &dktypenames[DKMAXTYPES]; cpp++) {
898 if (*cpp && streq(*cpp, tp)) {
899 lp->d_type = cpp - dktypenames;
903 if (cpp < &dktypenames[DKMAXTYPES])
905 v = strtoul(tp, NULL, 10);
906 if (v >= DKMAXTYPES) {
907 fprintf(stderr, "line %d:%s %lu\n", lineno,
908 "Warning, unknown disk type", v);
913 if (streq(cp, "flags")) {
914 for (v = 0; (cp = tp) && *cp != '\0';) {
916 if (streq(cp, "removeable"))
917 v |= 0; /* obsolete */
918 else if (streq(cp, "ecc"))
919 v |= 0; /* obsolete */
920 else if (streq(cp, "badsect"))
921 v |= 0; /* obsolete */
924 "line %d: %s: bad flag\n",
932 if (streq(cp, "drivedata")) {
933 for (i = 0; (cp = tp) && *cp != '\0' && i < NDDATA32;) {
934 lp->d_drivedata[i++] = strtoul(cp, NULL, 10);
939 if (sscanf(cp, "%lu partitions", &v) == 1) {
940 if (v == 0 || v > MAXPARTITIONS32) {
942 "line %d: bad # of partitions\n", lineno);
943 lp->d_npartitions = MAXPARTITIONS32;
946 lp->d_npartitions = v;
951 if (streq(cp, "disk")) {
952 strncpy(lp->d_typename, tp, sizeof (lp->d_typename));
955 if (streq(cp, "label")) {
956 strncpy(lp->d_packname, tp, sizeof (lp->d_packname));
959 if (streq(cp, "bytes/sector")) {
960 v = strtoul(tp, NULL, 10);
961 if (v == 0 || (v % DEV_BSIZE) != 0) {
963 "line %d: %s: bad sector size\n",
970 if (streq(cp, "sectors/track")) {
971 v = strtoul(tp, NULL, 10);
972 #if (ULONG_MAX != 0xffffffffUL)
973 if (v == 0 || v > 0xffffffff) {
977 fprintf(stderr, "line %d: %s: bad %s\n",
984 if (streq(cp, "sectors/cylinder")) {
985 v = strtoul(tp, NULL, 10);
987 fprintf(stderr, "line %d: %s: bad %s\n",
994 if (streq(cp, "tracks/cylinder")) {
995 v = strtoul(tp, NULL, 10);
997 fprintf(stderr, "line %d: %s: bad %s\n",
1004 if (streq(cp, "cylinders")) {
1005 v = strtoul(tp, NULL, 10);
1007 fprintf(stderr, "line %d: %s: bad %s\n",
1011 lp->d_ncylinders = v;
1014 if (streq(cp, "sectors/unit")) {
1015 v = strtoul(tp, NULL, 10);
1017 fprintf(stderr, "line %d: %s: bad %s\n",
1021 lp->d_secperunit = v;
1024 if (streq(cp, "rpm")) {
1025 v = strtoul(tp, NULL, 10);
1026 if (v == 0 || v > USHRT_MAX) {
1027 fprintf(stderr, "line %d: %s: bad %s\n",
1034 if (streq(cp, "interleave")) {
1035 v = strtoul(tp, NULL, 10);
1036 if (v == 0 || v > USHRT_MAX) {
1037 fprintf(stderr, "line %d: %s: bad %s\n",
1041 lp->d_interleave = v;
1044 if (streq(cp, "trackskew")) {
1045 v = strtoul(tp, NULL, 10);
1046 if (v > USHRT_MAX) {
1047 fprintf(stderr, "line %d: %s: bad %s\n",
1051 lp->d_trackskew = v;
1054 if (streq(cp, "cylinderskew")) {
1055 v = strtoul(tp, NULL, 10);
1056 if (v > USHRT_MAX) {
1057 fprintf(stderr, "line %d: %s: bad %s\n",
1064 if (streq(cp, "headswitch")) {
1065 v = strtoul(tp, NULL, 10);
1066 lp->d_headswitch = v;
1069 if (streq(cp, "track-to-track seek")) {
1070 v = strtoul(tp, NULL, 10);
1074 /* the ':' was removed above */
1075 if (*cp < 'a' || *cp > MAX_PART || cp[1] != '\0') {
1077 "line %d: %s: Unknown disklabel field\n", lineno,
1083 /* Process a partition specification line. */
1085 if (part >= lp->d_npartitions) {
1087 "line %d: partition name out of range a-%c: %s\n",
1088 lineno, 'a' + lp->d_npartitions - 1, cp);
1094 if (getasciipartspec(tp, lp, part, lineno) != 0) {
1099 errors += checklabel(lp);
1100 return (errors == 0);
1103 #define NXTNUM(n) do { \
1105 fprintf(stderr, "line %d: too few numeric fields\n", lineno); \
1108 cp = tp, tp = word(cp); \
1109 (n) = strtoul(cp, NULL, 10); \
1113 /* retain 1 character following number */
1114 #define NXTWORD(w,n) do { \
1116 fprintf(stderr, "line %d: too few numeric fields\n", lineno); \
1120 cp = tp, tp = word(cp); \
1121 (n) = strtoul(cp, &tmp, 10); \
1122 if (tmp) (w) = *tmp; \
1127 * Read a partition line into partition `part' in the specified disklabel.
1128 * Return 0 on success, 1 on failure.
1131 getasciipartspec(char *tp, struct disklabel32 *lp, int part, int lineno)
1133 struct partition32 *pp;
1138 pp = &lp->d_partitions[part];
1145 NXTWORD(part_size_type[part],v);
1146 if (v == 0 && part_size_type[part] != '*') {
1148 "line %d: %s: bad partition size\n", lineno, cp);
1157 NXTWORD(part_offset_type[part],v);
1158 if (v == 0 && part_offset_type[part] != '*' &&
1159 part_offset_type[part] != '\0') {
1161 "line %d: %s: bad partition offset\n", lineno, cp);
1171 "line %d: no filesystem type was specified\n", lineno);
1176 for (cpp = fstypenames; cpp < &fstypenames[FSMAXTYPES]; cpp++)
1177 if (*cpp && streq(*cpp, cp))
1180 pp->p_fstype = cpp - fstypenames;
1183 v = strtoul(cp, NULL, 10);
1186 if (v >= FSMAXTYPES) {
1188 "line %d: Warning, unknown filesystem type %s\n",
1201 fprintf(stderr, "line %d: Warning, fragment, block, "
1202 "and bps/cpg fields are no\n"
1203 "longer supported and must be specified "
1204 "via newfs options instead.\n",
1211 * Check disklabel for errors and fill in
1212 * derived fields according to supplied values.
1215 checklabel(struct disklabel32 *lp)
1217 struct partition32 *pp;
1220 u_long base_offset, needed, total_size, total_percent, current_offset;
1222 int seen_default_offset;
1225 struct partition32 *pp2;
1227 if (lp->d_secsize == 0) {
1228 fprintf(stderr, "sector size 0\n");
1231 if (lp->d_nsectors == 0) {
1232 fprintf(stderr, "sectors/track 0\n");
1235 if (lp->d_ntracks == 0) {
1236 fprintf(stderr, "tracks/cylinder 0\n");
1239 if (lp->d_ncylinders == 0) {
1240 fprintf(stderr, "cylinders/unit 0\n");
1244 Warning("revolutions/minute 0");
1245 if (lp->d_secpercyl == 0)
1246 lp->d_secpercyl = lp->d_nsectors * lp->d_ntracks;
1247 if (lp->d_secperunit == 0)
1248 lp->d_secperunit = lp->d_secpercyl * lp->d_ncylinders;
1249 if (lp->d_bbsize == 0) {
1250 fprintf(stderr, "boot block size 0\n");
1252 } else if (lp->d_bbsize % lp->d_secsize)
1253 Warning("boot block size %% sector-size != 0");
1254 if (lp->d_sbsize == 0) {
1255 fprintf(stderr, "super block size 0\n");
1257 } else if (lp->d_sbsize % lp->d_secsize)
1258 Warning("super block size %% sector-size != 0");
1259 if (lp->d_npartitions > MAXPARTITIONS32)
1260 Warning("number of partitions (%lu) > MAXPARTITIONS (%d)",
1261 (u_long)lp->d_npartitions, MAXPARTITIONS32);
1263 /* first allocate space to the partitions, then offsets */
1264 total_size = 0; /* in sectors */
1265 total_percent = 0; /* in percent */
1267 /* find all fixed partitions */
1268 for (i = 0; i < lp->d_npartitions; i++) {
1269 pp = &lp->d_partitions[i];
1272 if (part_size_type[i] == '*') {
1273 if (i == RAW_PART) {
1274 pp->p_size = lp->d_secperunit;
1276 if (part_offset_type[i] != '*') {
1277 if (total_size < pp->p_offset)
1278 total_size = pp->p_offset;
1281 Warning("Too many '*' partitions (%c and %c)",
1282 hog_part + 'a',i + 'a');
1290 switch (part_size_type[i]) {
1292 total_percent += size;
1300 size *= 1024ULL * 1024ULL;
1304 size *= 1024ULL * 1024ULL * 1024ULL;
1309 Warning("unknown size specifier '%c' (K/M/G are valid)",part_size_type[i]);
1312 /* don't count %'s yet */
1313 if (part_size_type[i] != '%') {
1315 * for all not in sectors, convert to
1318 if (part_size_type[i] != '\0') {
1319 if (size % lp->d_secsize != 0)
1320 Warning("partition %c not an integer number of sectors",
1322 size /= lp->d_secsize;
1325 /* else already in sectors */
1333 /* Find out the total free space, excluding the boot block area. */
1334 base_offset = BBSIZE / lp->d_secsize;
1336 for (i = 0; i < lp->d_npartitions; i++) {
1337 pp = &lp->d_partitions[i];
1338 if (!part_set[i] || i == RAW_PART ||
1339 part_size_type[i] == '%' || part_size_type[i] == '*')
1341 if (pp->p_offset > base_offset)
1342 free_space += pp->p_offset - base_offset;
1343 if (pp->p_offset + pp->p_size > base_offset)
1344 base_offset = pp->p_offset + pp->p_size;
1346 if (base_offset < lp->d_secperunit)
1347 free_space += lp->d_secperunit - base_offset;
1349 /* handle % partitions - note %'s don't need to add up to 100! */
1350 if (total_percent != 0) {
1351 if (total_percent > 100) {
1352 fprintf(stderr,"total percentage %lu is greater than 100\n",
1357 if (free_space > 0) {
1358 for (i = 0; i < lp->d_npartitions; i++) {
1359 pp = &lp->d_partitions[i];
1360 if (part_set[i] && part_size_type[i] == '%') {
1361 /* careful of overflows! and integer roundoff */
1362 pp->p_size = ((double)pp->p_size/100) * free_space;
1363 total_size += pp->p_size;
1365 /* FIX we can lose a sector or so due to roundoff per
1366 partition. A more complex algorithm could avoid that */
1371 "%ld sectors available to give to '*' and '%%' partitions\n",
1374 /* fix? set all % partitions to size 0? */
1377 /* give anything remaining to the hog partition */
1378 if (hog_part != -1) {
1380 * Find the range of offsets usable by '*' partitions around
1381 * the hog partition and how much space they need.
1384 base_offset = BBSIZE / lp->d_secsize;
1385 for (i = hog_part - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
1386 pp = &lp->d_partitions[i];
1387 if (!part_set[i] || i == RAW_PART)
1389 if (part_offset_type[i] == '*') {
1390 needed += pp->p_size;
1393 base_offset = pp->p_offset + pp->p_size;
1396 current_offset = lp->d_secperunit;
1397 for (i = lp->d_npartitions - 1; i > hog_part; i--) {
1398 pp = &lp->d_partitions[i];
1399 if (!part_set[i] || i == RAW_PART)
1401 if (part_offset_type[i] == '*') {
1402 needed += pp->p_size;
1405 current_offset = pp->p_offset;
1408 if (current_offset - base_offset <= needed) {
1409 fprintf(stderr, "Cannot find space for partition %c\n",
1412 "Need more than %lu sectors between %lu and %lu\n",
1413 needed, base_offset, current_offset);
1415 lp->d_partitions[hog_part].p_size = 0;
1417 lp->d_partitions[hog_part].p_size = current_offset -
1418 base_offset - needed;
1419 total_size += lp->d_partitions[hog_part].p_size;
1423 /* Now set the offsets for each partition */
1424 current_offset = BBSIZE / lp->d_secsize; /* in sectors */
1425 seen_default_offset = 0;
1426 for (i = 0; i < lp->d_npartitions; i++) {
1428 pp = &lp->d_partitions[i];
1430 if (part_offset_type[i] == '*') {
1431 if (i == RAW_PART) {
1434 pp->p_offset = current_offset;
1435 seen_default_offset = 1;
1438 /* allow them to be out of order for old-style tables */
1439 if (pp->p_offset < current_offset &&
1440 seen_default_offset && i != RAW_PART &&
1441 pp->p_fstype != FS_VINUM) {
1443 "Offset %ld for partition %c overlaps previous partition which ends at %lu\n",
1444 (long)pp->p_offset,i+'a',current_offset);
1446 "Labels with any *'s for offset must be in ascending order by sector\n");
1448 } else if (pp->p_offset != current_offset &&
1449 i != RAW_PART && seen_default_offset) {
1451 * this may give unneeded warnings if
1452 * partitions are out-of-order
1455 "Offset %ld for partition %c doesn't match expected value %ld",
1456 (long)pp->p_offset, i + 'a', current_offset);
1460 current_offset = pp->p_offset + pp->p_size;
1464 for (i = 0; i < lp->d_npartitions; i++) {
1466 pp = &lp->d_partitions[i];
1467 if (pp->p_size == 0 && pp->p_offset != 0)
1468 Warning("partition %c: size 0, but offset %lu",
1469 part, (u_long)pp->p_offset);
1471 if (pp->p_size % lp->d_secpercyl)
1472 Warning("partition %c: size %% cylinder-size != 0",
1474 if (pp->p_offset % lp->d_secpercyl)
1475 Warning("partition %c: offset %% cylinder-size != 0",
1478 if (pp->p_offset > lp->d_secperunit) {
1480 "partition %c: offset past end of unit\n", part);
1483 if (pp->p_offset + pp->p_size > lp->d_secperunit) {
1485 "partition %c: partition extends past end of unit\n",
1491 if (pp->p_fstype != FS_UNUSED)
1492 Warning("partition %c is not marked as unused!",part);
1493 if (pp->p_offset != 0)
1494 Warning("partition %c doesn't start at 0!",part);
1495 if (pp->p_size != lp->d_secperunit)
1496 Warning("partition %c doesn't cover the whole unit!",part);
1498 if ((pp->p_fstype != FS_UNUSED) || (pp->p_offset != 0) ||
1499 (pp->p_size != lp->d_secperunit)) {
1500 Warning("An incorrect partition %c may cause problems for "
1501 "standard system utilities",part);
1505 /* check for overlaps */
1506 /* this will check for all possible overlaps once and only once */
1507 for (j = 0; j < i; j++) {
1508 pp2 = &lp->d_partitions[j];
1509 if (j != RAW_PART && i != RAW_PART &&
1510 pp->p_fstype != FS_VINUM &&
1511 pp2->p_fstype != FS_VINUM &&
1512 part_set[i] && part_set[j]) {
1513 if (pp2->p_offset < pp->p_offset + pp->p_size &&
1514 (pp2->p_offset + pp2->p_size > pp->p_offset ||
1515 pp2->p_offset >= pp->p_offset)) {
1516 fprintf(stderr,"partitions %c and %c overlap!\n",
1523 for (; i < 8 || i < lp->d_npartitions; i++) {
1525 pp = &lp->d_partitions[i];
1526 if (pp->p_size || pp->p_offset)
1527 Warning("unused partition %c: size %d offset %lu",
1528 'a' + i, pp->p_size, (u_long)pp->p_offset);
1534 * When operating on a "virgin" disk, try getting an initial label
1535 * from the associated device driver. This might work for all device
1536 * drivers that are able to fetch some initial device parameters
1537 * without even having access to a (BSD) disklabel, like SCSI disks,
1538 * most IDE drives, or vn devices.
1540 * The device name must be given in its "canonical" form.
1542 static struct disklabel32 dlab;
1544 struct disklabel32 *
1545 getvirginlabel(void)
1547 struct partinfo info;
1548 struct disklabel32 *dl = &dlab;
1549 char nambuf[BBSIZE];
1552 if (dkname[0] == '/') {
1553 warnx("\"auto\" requires the usage of a canonical disk name");
1556 snprintf(nambuf, BBSIZE, "%s%s", _PATH_DEV, dkname);
1557 if ((f = open(nambuf, O_RDONLY)) == -1) {
1558 warn("cannot open %s", nambuf);
1563 * Check to see if the media is too big for a 32 bit disklabel.
1565 if (ioctl(f, DIOCGPART, &info) == 0) {
1566 if (info.media_size >= 0x100000000ULL * 512) {
1567 warnx("The media is too large for a 32 bit disklabel");
1573 * Generate a virgin disklabel via ioctl
1575 if (ioctl(f, DIOCGDVIRGIN32, dl) < 0) {
1576 l_perror("ioctl DIOCGDVIRGIN32");
1584 struct disklabel32 *
1585 getdisklabelfromdisktab(const char *name)
1588 struct disklabel32 *dl = &dlab;
1591 if ((dt = getdisktabbyname(name)) == NULL)
1593 dl->d_magic = DISKMAGIC32;
1594 dl->d_type = dt->d_typeid;
1596 dl->d_secsize = dt->d_media_blksize;
1597 dl->d_nsectors = dt->d_secpertrack;
1598 dl->d_ntracks = dt->d_nheads;
1599 dl->d_ncylinders = dt->d_ncylinders;
1600 dl->d_secpercyl = dt->d_secpercyl;
1601 dl->d_secperunit = dt->d_media_blocks;
1602 dl->d_rpm = dt->d_rpm;
1603 dl->d_interleave = dt->d_interleave;
1604 dl->d_trackskew = dt->d_trackskew;
1605 dl->d_cylskew = dt->d_cylskew;
1606 dl->d_headswitch = dt->d_headswitch;
1607 dl->d_trkseek = dt->d_trkseek;
1608 dl->d_magic2 = DISKMAGIC32;
1609 dl->d_npartitions = dt->d_npartitions;
1610 dl->d_bbsize = dt->d_bbsize;
1611 dl->d_sbsize = dt->d_sbsize;
1612 for (i = 0; i < dt->d_npartitions; ++i) {
1613 struct partition32 *dlp = &dl->d_partitions[i];
1614 struct dt_partition *dtp = &dt->d_partitions[i];
1616 dlp->p_size = dtp->p_size;
1617 dlp->p_offset = dtp->p_offset;
1618 dlp->p_fsize = dtp->p_fsize;
1619 dlp->p_fstype = dtp->p_fstype;
1620 dlp->p_frag = dtp->p_fsize;
1626 * If we are installing a boot program that doesn't fit in d_bbsize
1627 * we need to mark those partitions that the boot overflows into.
1628 * This allows newfs to prevent creation of a filesystem where it might
1629 * clobber bootstrap code.
1632 setbootflag(struct disklabel32 *lp)
1634 struct partition32 *pp;
1641 boffset = bootsize / lp->d_secsize;
1642 for (i = 0; i < lp->d_npartitions; i++) {
1644 pp = &lp->d_partitions[i];
1645 if (pp->p_size == 0)
1647 if (boffset <= pp->p_offset) {
1648 if (pp->p_fstype == FS_BOOT)
1649 pp->p_fstype = FS_UNUSED;
1650 } else if (pp->p_fstype != FS_BOOT) {
1651 if (pp->p_fstype != FS_UNUSED) {
1653 "boot overlaps used partition %c\n",
1657 pp->p_fstype = FS_BOOT;
1658 Warning("boot overlaps partition %c, %s",
1659 part, "marked as FS_BOOT");
1664 errx(4, "cannot install boot program");
1669 Warning(const char *fmt, ...)
1673 fprintf(stderr, "Warning, ");
1675 vfprintf(stderr, fmt, ap);
1676 fprintf(stderr, "\n");
1681 * Check to see if the bootblocks are in the wrong place. FBsd5 bootblocks
1682 * and earlier DFly bb's are packed against the old disklabel and a new
1683 * disklabel would blow them up. This is a hack that should be removed
1684 * in 2006 sometime (if ever).
1688 checkoldboot(int f, const char *bootbuffer)
1692 if (bootbuffer && strncmp(bootbuffer + 0x402, "BTX", 3) == 0)
1694 lseek(f, (off_t)0, SEEK_SET);
1695 if (read(f, buf, sizeof(buf)) != sizeof(buf))
1697 if (strncmp(buf + 0x402, "BTX", 3) == 0) /* new location */
1699 if (strncmp(buf + 0x316, "BTX", 3) == 0) /* old location */
1705 * Traditional 32 bit disklabels actually use absolute sector numbers on
1706 * disk, NOT slice relative sector numbres. The OS hides this from us
1707 * when we use DIOC ioctls to access the label, but newer versions of
1708 * Dragonfly no longer adjusts the disklabel when snooping reads or writes
1709 * so we have to figure it out ourselves.
1712 fixlabel(int f, struct disklabel32 *lp, int writeadj)
1714 const char *msg = NULL;
1715 struct partinfo info;
1716 struct partition32 *pp;
1722 size_t rev_len = sizeof(rev);
1724 if (sysctlbyname("kern.osrevision", &rev, &rev_len, NULL, 0) < 0) {
1725 errx(1, "Cannot use raw mode on non-DragonFly systems\n");
1728 warnx("Warning running new disklabel on old DragonFly systems,\n"
1729 "assuming the disk layer will fixup the label.\n");
1734 pp = &lp->d_partitions[RAW_PART];
1737 info.media_offset = slice_start_lba * lp->d_secsize;
1738 info.media_blocks = pp->p_size;
1739 info.media_blksize = lp->d_secsize;
1740 } else if (ioctl(f, DIOCGPART, &info) < 0) {
1741 msg = "Unable to extract the slice starting LBA, "
1742 "you must use the -f <slice_start_lba> option\n"
1743 "to specify it manually, or perhaps try without "
1744 "using -r and let the kernel deal with it\n";
1748 if (lp->d_magic != DISKMAGIC32 || lp->d_magic2 != DISKMAGIC32)
1749 return ("fixlabel: invalid magic");
1750 if (dkcksum32(lp) != 0)
1751 return ("fixlabel: invalid checksum");
1754 * What a mess. For ages old backwards compatibility the disklabel
1755 * on-disk stores absolute offsets instead of slice-relative offsets.
1756 * So fix it up when reading, writing, or snooping.
1758 * The in-core label is always slice-relative.
1765 offset = info.media_offset / info.media_blksize;
1770 start = info.media_offset / info.media_blksize;
1771 offset = -info.media_offset / info.media_blksize;
1773 if (pp->p_offset != start)
1774 return ("fixlabel: raw partition offset != slice offset");
1775 if (pp->p_size != info.media_blocks) {
1776 if (pp->p_size > info.media_blocks)
1777 return ("fixlabel: raw partition size > slice size");
1779 end = start + info.media_blocks;
1781 return ("fixlabel: slice wraps");
1782 if (lp->d_secpercyl <= 0)
1783 return ("fixlabel: d_secpercyl <= 0");
1785 for (part = 0; part < lp->d_npartitions; part++, pp++) {
1786 if (pp->p_offset != 0 || pp->p_size != 0) {
1787 if (pp->p_offset < start
1788 || pp->p_offset + pp->p_size > end
1789 || pp->p_offset + pp->p_size < pp->p_offset) {
1790 /* XXX else silently discard junk. */
1791 bzero(pp, sizeof *pp);
1793 pp->p_offset += offset;
1798 lp->d_checksum = dkcksum32(lp);
1806 fprintf(stderr, "%s\n%s\n%s\n%s\n%s\n%s\n%s\n%s\n%s\n%s\n%s\n%s\n%s\n%s\n%s\n%s\n",
1807 "usage: disklabel [-r] disk",
1808 "\t\t(to read label)",
1809 " disklabel -w [-r] [-n] disk type [ packid ]",
1810 "\t\t(to write label with existing boot program)",
1811 " disklabel -e [-r] [-n] disk",
1812 "\t\t(to edit label)",
1813 " disklabel -R [-r] [-n] disk protofile",
1814 "\t\t(to restore label with existing boot program)",
1816 " disklabel -B [-n] [ -b boot1 [ -s boot2 ] ] disk [ type ]",
1817 "\t\t(to install boot program with existing label)",
1818 " disklabel -w -B [-n] [ -b boot1 [ -s boot2 ] ] disk type [ packid ]",
1819 "\t\t(to write label and boot program)",
1820 " disklabel -R -B [-n] [ -b boot1 [ -s boot2 ] ] disk protofile [ type ]",
1821 "\t\t(to restore label and boot program)",
1823 " disklabel -B [-n] [ -b bootprog ] disk [ type ]",
1824 "\t\t(to install boot program with existing on-disk label)",
1825 " disklabel -w -B [-n] [ -b bootprog ] disk type [ packid ]",
1826 "\t\t(to write label and install boot program)",
1827 " disklabel -R -B [-n] [ -b bootprog ] disk protofile [ type ]",
1828 "\t\t(to restore label and install boot program)",
1830 " disklabel [-NW] disk",
1831 "\t\t(to write disable/enable label)");
1833 fprintf(stderr, "%s\n%s\n%s\n%s\n%s\n%s\n%s\n%s\n%s\n",
1834 "usage: disklabel [-r] disk", "(to read label)",
1835 " disklabel -w [-r] [-n] disk type [ packid ]",
1836 "\t\t(to write label)",
1837 " disklabel -e [-r] [-n] disk",
1838 "\t\t(to edit label)",
1839 " disklabel -R [-r] [-n] disk protofile",
1840 "\t\t(to restore label)",
1841 " disklabel [-NW] disk",
1842 "\t\t(to write disable/enable label)");
1844 fprintf(stderr, "%s\n%s\n",
1845 " disklabel [-f slice_start_lba] [options]",
1846 "\t\t(to force using manual offset)");