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32 .\" @(#)chown.8 8.3 (Berkeley) 3/31/94
33 .\" $FreeBSD: src/usr.sbin/chown/chown.8,v 1.10.2.7 2003/03/12 22:08:13 trhodes Exp $
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41 .Nd change file owner and group
47 .Op Fl H | Fl L | Fl P
49 .Ar owner Ns Op : Ns Ar group
55 .Op Fl H | Fl L | Fl P
62 utility changes the user ID and/or the group ID of the specified files.
63 Symbolic links named by arguments are silently left unchanged unless
67 The options are as follows:
72 option is specified, symbolic links on the command line are followed.
73 (Symbolic links encountered in the tree traversal are not followed.)
77 option is specified, all symbolic links are followed.
81 option is specified, no symbolic links are followed.
84 Change the user ID and/or the group ID of the specified directory trees
85 (recursively, including their contents) and files.
86 Beware of unintentionally matching the
88 hard link to the parent directory when using wildcards like
91 Don't report any failure to change file owner or group, nor modify
92 the exit status to reflect such failures.
94 If the file is a symbolic link, change the user ID and/or the
95 group ID of the link itself.
99 to be verbose, showing files as the owner is modified.
102 flag is specified more than once,
104 will print the filename, followed by the old and new numeric user/group ID.
112 options are ignored unless the
115 In addition, these options override each other and the
116 command's actions are determined by the last one specified.
122 operands are both optional, however, one must be specified.
125 operand is specified, it must be preceded by a colon (``:'') character.
129 may be either a numeric user ID or a user name.
130 If a user name is also a numeric user ID, the operand is used as a
134 may be either a numeric group ID or a group name.
135 If a group name is also a numeric group ID, the operand is used as a
138 The ownership of a file may only be altered by a super-user for
139 obvious security reasons.
143 Previous versions of the
145 utility used the dot (``.'') character to distinguish the group name.
146 This has been changed to be a colon (``:'') character so that user and
147 group names may contain the dot character.
149 On previous versions of this system, symbolic links did not have
154 option is non-standard and its use in scripts is not recommended.
164 utility is expected to be