2 * Copyright (c) 1995 Terrence R. Lambert
5 * Copyright (c) 1982, 1986, 1989, 1991, 1992, 1993
6 * The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.
7 * (c) UNIX System Laboratories, Inc.
8 * All or some portions of this file are derived from material licensed
9 * to the University of California by American Telephone and Telegraph
10 * Co. or Unix System Laboratories, Inc. and are reproduced herein with
11 * the permission of UNIX System Laboratories, Inc.
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14 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
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17 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
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19 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
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21 * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
22 * must display the following acknowledgement:
23 * This product includes software developed by the University of
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25 * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
26 * may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
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41 * @(#)init_main.c 8.9 (Berkeley) 1/21/94
42 * $FreeBSD: src/sys/kern/init_main.c,v 1.134.2.8 2003/06/06 20:21:32 tegge Exp $
43 * $DragonFly: src/sys/kern/init_main.c,v 1.87 2008/06/07 11:37:23 mneumann Exp $
46 #include "opt_init_path.h"
48 #include <sys/param.h>
50 #include <sys/filedesc.h>
51 #include <sys/kernel.h>
52 #include <sys/mount.h>
53 #include <sys/sysctl.h>
55 #include <sys/resourcevar.h>
56 #include <sys/signalvar.h>
57 #include <sys/systm.h>
58 #include <sys/vnode.h>
59 #include <sys/sysent.h>
60 #include <sys/reboot.h>
61 #include <sys/sysproto.h>
62 #include <sys/vmmeter.h>
63 #include <sys/unistd.h>
64 #include <sys/malloc.h>
65 #include <sys/machintr.h>
67 #include <sys/file2.h>
68 #include <sys/thread2.h>
69 #include <sys/sysref2.h>
70 #include <sys/spinlock2.h>
71 #include <sys/mplock2.h>
73 #include <machine/cpu.h>
76 #include <vm/vm_param.h>
79 #include <vm/vm_map.h>
80 #include <vm/vm_extern.h>
82 #include <sys/copyright.h>
84 int vfs_mountroot_devfs(void);
86 /* Components of the first process -- never freed. */
87 static struct session session0;
88 static struct pgrp pgrp0;
89 static struct sigacts sigacts0;
90 static struct filedesc filedesc0;
91 static struct plimit limit0;
92 static struct vmspace vmspace0;
93 struct proc *initproc;
96 struct thread thread0;
99 extern struct user *proc0paddr;
100 extern int fallback_elf_brand;
102 int boothowto = 0; /* initialized so that it can be patched */
103 SYSCTL_INT(_debug, OID_AUTO, boothowto, CTLFLAG_RD, &boothowto, 0, "");
106 * This ensures that there is at least one entry so that the sysinit_set
107 * symbol is not undefined. A subsystem ID of SI_SPECIAL_DUMMY is never
110 SYSINIT(placeholder, SI_SPECIAL_DUMMY, SI_ORDER_ANY, NULL, NULL)
113 * The sysinit table itself. Items are checked off as the are run.
114 * If we want to register new sysinit types, add them to newsysinit.
116 SET_DECLARE(sysinit_set, struct sysinit);
117 struct sysinit **sysinit, **sysinit_end;
118 struct sysinit **newsysinit, **newsysinit_end;
122 * Merge a new sysinit set into the current set, reallocating it if
123 * necessary. This can only be called after malloc is running.
126 sysinit_add(struct sysinit **set, struct sysinit **set_end)
128 struct sysinit **newset;
129 struct sysinit **sipp;
130 struct sysinit **xipp;
133 count = set_end - set;
135 count += newsysinit_end - newsysinit;
137 count += sysinit_end - sysinit;
138 newset = kmalloc(count * sizeof(*sipp), M_TEMP, M_WAITOK);
141 for (sipp = newsysinit; sipp < newsysinit_end; sipp++)
144 for (sipp = sysinit; sipp < sysinit_end; sipp++)
147 for (sipp = set; sipp < set_end; sipp++)
150 kfree(newsysinit, M_TEMP);
152 newsysinit_end = newset + count;
156 * Callbacks from machine-dependant startup code (e.g. init386) to set
157 * up low level entities related to cpu #0's globaldata.
159 * Called from very low level boot code.
162 mi_proc0init(struct globaldata *gd, struct user *proc0paddr)
164 lwkt_init_thread(&thread0, proc0paddr, LWKT_THREAD_STACK, 0, gd);
165 lwkt_set_comm(&thread0, "thread0");
167 thread0.td_mpcount = 1; /* will hold mplock initially */
169 RB_INIT(&proc0.p_lwp_tree);
170 spin_init(&proc0.p_spin);
171 proc0.p_lasttid = 0; /* +1 = next TID */
172 lwp_rb_tree_RB_INSERT(&proc0.p_lwp_tree, &lwp0);
173 lwp0.lwp_thread = &thread0;
174 lwp0.lwp_proc = &proc0;
175 proc0.p_usched = usched_init();
176 lwp0.lwp_cpumask = 0xFFFFFFFF;
177 varsymset_init(&proc0.p_varsymset, NULL);
178 thread0.td_flags |= TDF_RUNNING;
179 thread0.td_proc = &proc0;
180 thread0.td_lwp = &lwp0;
181 thread0.td_switch = cpu_lwkt_switch;
182 lwkt_schedule_self(curthread);
186 * System startup; initialize the world, create process 0, mount root
187 * filesystem, and fork to create init and pagedaemon. Most of the
188 * hard work is done in the lower-level initialization routines including
189 * startup(), which does memory initialization and autoconfiguration.
191 * This allows simple addition of new kernel subsystems that require
192 * boot time initialization. It also allows substitution of subsystem
193 * (for instance, a scheduler, kernel profiler, or VM system) by object
194 * module. Finally, it allows for optional "kernel threads".
199 struct sysinit *sip; /* system initialization*/
200 struct sysinit **sipp; /* system initialization*/
201 struct sysinit **xipp; /* interior loop of sort*/
202 struct sysinit *save; /* bubble*/
204 if (sysinit == NULL) {
205 sysinit = SET_BEGIN(sysinit_set);
206 #if defined(__amd64__) && defined(_KERNEL_VIRTUAL)
208 * XXX For whatever reason, on 64-bit vkernels
209 * the value of sysinit obtained from the
210 * linker set is wrong.
212 if ((long)sysinit % 8 != 0) {
213 kprintf("Fixing sysinit value...\n");
214 sysinit = (long)sysinit + 4;
217 sysinit_end = SET_LIMIT(sysinit_set);
219 #if defined(__amd64__) && defined(_KERNEL_VIRTUAL)
220 KKASSERT((long)sysinit % 8 == 0);
225 * Perform a bubble sort of the system initialization objects by
226 * their subsystem (primary key) and order (secondary key).
228 for (sipp = sysinit; sipp < sysinit_end; sipp++) {
229 for (xipp = sipp + 1; xipp < sysinit_end; xipp++) {
230 if ((*sipp)->subsystem < (*xipp)->subsystem ||
231 ((*sipp)->subsystem == (*xipp)->subsystem &&
232 (*sipp)->order <= (*xipp)->order))
241 * Traverse the (now) ordered list of system initialization tasks.
242 * Perform each task, and continue on to the next task.
244 * The last item on the list is expected to be the scheduler,
245 * which will not return.
247 for (sipp = sysinit; sipp < sysinit_end; sipp++) {
249 if (sip->subsystem == SI_SPECIAL_DUMMY)
250 continue; /* skip dummy task(s)*/
252 if (sip->subsystem == SI_SPECIAL_DONE)
256 (*(sip->func))(sip->udata);
258 /* Check off the one we're just done */
259 sip->subsystem = SI_SPECIAL_DONE;
261 /* Check if we've installed more sysinit items via KLD */
262 if (newsysinit != NULL) {
263 if (sysinit != SET_BEGIN(sysinit_set))
264 kfree(sysinit, M_TEMP);
265 sysinit = newsysinit;
266 sysinit_end = newsysinit_end;
268 newsysinit_end = NULL;
273 panic("Shouldn't get here!");
279 ***************************************************************************
281 **** The following SYSINIT's belong elsewhere, but have not yet
284 ***************************************************************************
287 print_caddr_t(void *data __unused)
289 kprintf("%s", (char *)data);
291 SYSINIT(announce, SI_BOOT1_COPYRIGHT, SI_ORDER_FIRST, print_caddr_t, copyright)
294 * Leave the critical section that protected us from spurious interrupts
295 * so device probes work.
298 leavecrit(void *dummy __unused)
300 MachIntrABI.finalize();
302 MachIntrABI.cleanup();
304 KKASSERT(!IN_CRITICAL_SECT(curthread));
307 kprintf("Leaving critical section, allowing interrupts\n");
309 SYSINIT(leavecrit, SI_BOOT2_LEAVE_CRIT, SI_ORDER_ANY, leavecrit, NULL)
312 * This is called after the threading system is up and running,
313 * including the softclock, clock interrupts, and SMP.
316 tsleepworks(void *dummy __unused)
318 tsleep_now_works = 1;
320 SYSINIT(tsleepworks, SI_BOOT2_FINISH_SMP, SI_ORDER_SECOND, tsleepworks, NULL)
323 * This is called after devices have configured. Tell the kernel we are
324 * no longer in cold boot.
327 endofcoldboot(void *dummy __unused)
331 SYSINIT(endofcoldboot, SI_SUB_ISWARM, SI_ORDER_ANY, endofcoldboot, NULL)
334 ***************************************************************************
336 **** The two following SYSINT's are proc0 specific glue code. I am not
337 **** convinced that they can not be safely combined, but their order of
338 **** operation has been maintained as the same as the original init_main.c
341 **** These probably belong in init_proc.c or kern_proc.c, since they
342 **** deal with proc0 (the fork template process).
344 ***************************************************************************
348 proc0_init(void *dummy __unused)
357 * Initialize process and pgrp structures.
362 * additional VM structures
367 * Create process 0 (the swapper).
369 LIST_INSERT_HEAD(&allproc, p, p_list);
371 LIST_INSERT_HEAD(PGRPHASH(0), &pgrp0, pg_hash);
372 LIST_INIT(&pgrp0.pg_members);
373 LIST_INSERT_HEAD(&pgrp0.pg_members, p, p_pglist);
375 pgrp0.pg_session = &session0;
376 session0.s_count = 1;
377 session0.s_leader = p;
379 p->p_sysent = &aout_sysvec;
381 p->p_flag = P_SYSTEM;
383 lp->lwp_stat = LSRUN;
385 p->p_rtprio.type = RTP_PRIO_NORMAL;
386 p->p_rtprio.prio = 0;
387 lp->lwp_rtprio = p->p_rtprio;
392 bcopy("swapper", p->p_comm, sizeof ("swapper"));
393 bcopy("swapper", thread0.td_comm, sizeof ("swapper"));
395 /* Create credentials. */
396 p->p_ucred = crget();
397 p->p_ucred->cr_ruidinfo = uifind(0);
398 p->p_ucred->cr_ngroups = 1; /* group 0 */
399 p->p_ucred->cr_uidinfo = uifind(0);
400 thread0.td_ucred = crhold(p->p_ucred); /* bootstrap fork1() */
403 p->p_ucred->cr_prison = NULL;
405 /* Create sigacts. */
406 p->p_sigacts = &sigacts0;
407 p->p_sigacts->ps_refcnt = 1;
409 /* Initialize signal state for process 0. */
412 /* Create the file descriptor table. */
413 fdinit_bootstrap(p, &filedesc0, cmask);
415 /* Create the limits structures. */
416 plimit_init0(&limit0);
417 p->p_limit = &limit0;
419 /* Allocate a prototype map so we have something to fork. */
420 pmap_pinit0(vmspace_pmap(&vmspace0));
421 p->p_vmspace = &vmspace0;
422 lp->lwp_vmspace = p->p_vmspace;
423 sysref_init(&vmspace0.vm_sysref, &vmspace_sysref_class);
424 vm_map_init(&vmspace0.vm_map,
425 round_page(VM_MIN_USER_ADDRESS),
426 trunc_page(VM_MAX_USER_ADDRESS),
427 vmspace_pmap(&vmspace0));
428 sysref_activate(&vmspace0.vm_sysref);
430 kqueue_init(&lwp0.lwp_kqueue, &filedesc0);
433 * Charge root for one process.
435 (void)chgproccnt(p->p_ucred->cr_uidinfo, 1, 0);
438 SYSINIT(p0init, SI_BOOT2_PROC0, SI_ORDER_FIRST, proc0_init, NULL)
440 static int proc0_post_callback(struct proc *p, void *data __unused);
444 proc0_post(void *dummy __unused)
449 * Now we can look at the time, having had a chance to verify the
450 * time from the file system. Pretend that proc0 started now.
452 allproc_scan(proc0_post_callback, NULL);
455 * Give the ``random'' number generator a thump.
456 * XXX: Does read_random() contain enough bits to be used here ?
459 skrandom(ts.tv_sec ^ ts.tv_nsec);
463 proc0_post_callback(struct proc *p, void *data __unused)
465 microtime(&p->p_start);
469 SYSINIT(p0post, SI_SUB_PROC0_POST, SI_ORDER_FIRST, proc0_post, NULL)
472 ***************************************************************************
474 **** The following SYSINIT's and glue code should be moved to the
475 **** respective files on a per subsystem basis.
477 ***************************************************************************
482 ***************************************************************************
484 **** The following code probably belongs in another file, like
485 **** kern/init_init.c.
487 ***************************************************************************
491 * List of paths to try when searching for "init".
493 static char init_path[MAXPATHLEN] =
495 __XSTRING(INIT_PATH);
497 "/sbin/init:/sbin/oinit:/sbin/init.bak";
499 SYSCTL_STRING(_kern, OID_AUTO, init_path, CTLFLAG_RD, init_path, 0, "");
502 * Start the initial user process; try exec'ing each pathname in init_path.
503 * The program is invoked with one argument containing the boot flags.
506 start_init(void *dummy, struct trapframe *frame)
509 struct execve_args args;
511 char *var, *path, *next, *s;
512 char *ucp, **uap, *arg0, *arg1;
520 * This is passed in by the bootloader
522 env = kgetenv("kernelname");
524 strlcpy(kernelname, env, sizeof(kernelname));
527 * The MP lock is not held on entry. We release it before
528 * returning to userland.
533 lp = ONLY_LWP_IN_PROC(p);
535 /* Get the vnode for '/'. Set p->p_fd->fd_cdir to reference it. */
536 mp = mountlist_boot_getfirst();
537 if (VFS_ROOT(mp, &vp))
538 panic("cannot find root vnode");
539 if (mp->mnt_ncmountpt.ncp == NULL) {
540 cache_allocroot(&mp->mnt_ncmountpt, mp, vp);
541 cache_unlock(&mp->mnt_ncmountpt); /* leave ref intact */
543 p->p_fd->fd_cdir = vp;
544 vref(p->p_fd->fd_cdir);
545 p->p_fd->fd_rdir = vp;
546 vref(p->p_fd->fd_rdir);
547 vfs_cache_setroot(vp, cache_hold(&mp->mnt_ncmountpt));
548 vn_unlock(vp); /* leave ref intact */
549 cache_copy(&mp->mnt_ncmountpt, &p->p_fd->fd_ncdir);
550 cache_copy(&mp->mnt_ncmountpt, &p->p_fd->fd_nrdir);
552 kprintf("Mounting devfs\n");
553 vfs_mountroot_devfs();
556 * Need just enough stack to hold the faked-up "execve()" arguments.
558 addr = trunc_page(USRSTACK - PAGE_SIZE);
559 error = vm_map_find(&p->p_vmspace->vm_map, NULL, 0, &addr,
560 PAGE_SIZE, PAGE_SIZE,
561 FALSE, VM_MAPTYPE_NORMAL,
562 VM_PROT_ALL, VM_PROT_ALL,
565 panic("init: couldn't allocate argument space");
566 p->p_vmspace->vm_maxsaddr = (caddr_t)addr;
567 p->p_vmspace->vm_ssize = 1;
569 if ((var = kgetenv("init_path")) != NULL) {
570 strncpy(init_path, var, sizeof init_path);
571 init_path[sizeof init_path - 1] = 0;
573 if ((var = kgetenv("kern.fallback_elf_brand")) != NULL)
574 fallback_elf_brand = strtol(var, NULL, 0);
576 for (path = init_path; *path != '\0'; path = next) {
581 for (next = path; *next != '\0' && *next != ':'; next++)
584 kprintf("start_init: trying %.*s\n", (int)(next - path),
588 * Move out the boot flag argument.
591 ucp = (char *)USRSTACK;
592 (void)subyte(--ucp, 0); /* trailing zero */
593 if (boothowto & RB_SINGLE) {
594 (void)subyte(--ucp, 's');
598 if (boothowto & RB_FASTBOOT) {
599 (void)subyte(--ucp, 'f');
605 (void)subyte(--ucp, 'C');
609 (void)subyte(--ucp, '-');
610 (void)subyte(--ucp, '-'); /* leading hyphen */
614 * Move out the file name (also arg 0).
616 (void)subyte(--ucp, 0);
617 for (s = next - 1; s >= path; s--)
618 (void)subyte(--ucp, *s);
622 * Move out the arg pointers.
624 uap = (char **)((intptr_t)ucp & ~(sizeof(intptr_t)-1));
625 (void)suword((caddr_t)--uap, (long)0); /* terminator */
626 (void)suword((caddr_t)--uap, (long)(intptr_t)arg1);
627 (void)suword((caddr_t)--uap, (long)(intptr_t)arg0);
630 * Point at the arguments.
637 * Now try to exec the program. If can't for any reason
638 * other than it doesn't exist, complain.
640 * Otherwise, return via fork_trampoline() all the way
641 * to user mode as init!
643 * WARNING! We may have been moved to another cpu after
644 * acquiring the current user process designation. The
645 * MP lock will migrate with us though so we still have to
648 if ((error = sys_execve(&args)) == 0) {
650 lp->lwp_proc->p_usched->acquire_curproc(lp);
654 kprintf("exec %.*s: error %d\n", (int)(next - path),
657 kprintf("init: not found in path %s\n", init_path);
662 * Like kthread_create(), but runs in it's own address space.
663 * We do this early to reserve pid 1.
665 * Note special case - do not make it runnable yet. Other work
666 * in progress will change this more.
669 create_init(const void *udata __unused)
675 error = fork1(&lwp0, RFFDG | RFPROC, &initproc);
677 panic("cannot fork init: %d", error);
678 initproc->p_flag |= P_SYSTEM;
679 lp = ONLY_LWP_IN_PROC(initproc);
680 cpu_set_fork_handler(lp, start_init, NULL);
683 SYSINIT(init, SI_SUB_CREATE_INIT, SI_ORDER_FIRST, create_init, NULL)
686 * Make it runnable now.
689 kick_init(const void *udata __unused)
691 start_forked_proc(&lwp0, initproc);
693 SYSINIT(kickinit, SI_SUB_KTHREAD_INIT, SI_ORDER_FIRST, kick_init, NULL)
696 * Machine independant globaldata initialization
698 * WARNING! Called from early boot, 'mycpu' may not work yet.
701 mi_gdinit(struct globaldata *gd, int cpuid)
703 TAILQ_INIT(&gd->gd_systimerq);
704 gd->gd_sysid_alloc = cpuid; /* prime low bits for cpu lookup */
705 gd->gd_cpuid = cpuid;
706 gd->gd_cpumask = (cpumask_t)1 << cpuid;
708 vm_map_entry_reserve_cpu_init(gd);