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124 .\" ========================================================================
126 .IX Title "GENPKEY 1"
127 .TH GENPKEY 1 "2012-04-26" "1.0.1b" "OpenSSL"
128 .\" For nroff, turn off justification. Always turn off hyphenation; it makes
129 .\" way too many mistakes in technical documents.
133 genpkey \- generate a private key
135 .IX Header "SYNOPSIS"
136 \&\fBopenssl\fR \fBgenpkey\fR
137 [\fB\-out filename\fR]
138 [\fB\-outform PEM|DER\fR]
142 [\fB\-paramfile file\fR]
143 [\fB\-algorithm alg\fR]
144 [\fB\-pkeyopt opt:value\fR]
148 .IX Header "DESCRIPTION"
149 The \fBgenpkey\fR command generates a private key.
152 .IP "\fB\-out filename\fR" 4
153 .IX Item "-out filename"
154 the output filename. If this argument is not specified then standard output is
156 .IP "\fB\-outform DER|PEM\fR" 4
157 .IX Item "-outform DER|PEM"
158 This specifies the output format \s-1DER\s0 or \s-1PEM\s0.
159 .IP "\fB\-pass arg\fR" 4
161 the output file password source. For more information about the format of \fBarg\fR
162 see the \fB\s-1PASS\s0 \s-1PHRASE\s0 \s-1ARGUMENTS\s0\fR section in \fIopenssl\fR\|(1).
163 .IP "\fB\-cipher\fR" 4
165 This option encrypts the private key with the supplied cipher. Any algorithm
166 name accepted by \fIEVP_get_cipherbyname()\fR is acceptable such as \fBdes3\fR.
167 .IP "\fB\-engine id\fR" 4
168 .IX Item "-engine id"
169 specifying an engine (by its unique \fBid\fR string) will cause \fBgenpkey\fR
170 to attempt to obtain a functional reference to the specified engine,
171 thus initialising it if needed. The engine will then be set as the default
172 for all available algorithms. If used this option should precede all other
174 .IP "\fB\-algorithm alg\fR" 4
175 .IX Item "-algorithm alg"
176 public key algorithm to use such as \s-1RSA\s0, \s-1DSA\s0 or \s-1DH\s0. If used this option must
177 precede any \fB\-pkeyopt\fR options. The options \fB\-paramfile\fR and \fB\-algorithm\fR
178 are mutually exclusive.
179 .IP "\fB\-pkeyopt opt:value\fR" 4
180 .IX Item "-pkeyopt opt:value"
181 set the public key algorithm option \fBopt\fR to \fBvalue\fR. The precise set of
182 options supported depends on the public key algorithm used and its
183 implementation. See \fB\s-1KEY\s0 \s-1GENERATION\s0 \s-1OPTIONS\s0\fR below for more details.
184 .IP "\fB\-genparam\fR" 4
186 generate a set of parameters instead of a private key. If used this option must
187 precede and \fB\-algorithm\fR, \fB\-paramfile\fR or \fB\-pkeyopt\fR options.
188 .IP "\fB\-paramfile filename\fR" 4
189 .IX Item "-paramfile filename"
190 Some public key algorithms generate a private key based on a set of parameters.
191 They can be supplied using this option. If this option is used the public key
192 algorithm used is determined by the parameters. If used this option must
193 precede and \fB\-pkeyopt\fR options. The options \fB\-paramfile\fR and \fB\-algorithm\fR
194 are mutually exclusive.
197 Print an (unencrypted) text representation of private and public keys and
198 parameters along with the \s-1PEM\s0 or \s-1DER\s0 structure.
199 .SH "KEY GENERATION OPTIONS"
200 .IX Header "KEY GENERATION OPTIONS"
201 The options supported by each algorith and indeed each implementation of an
202 algorithm can vary. The options for the OpenSSL implementations are detailed
204 .SH "RSA KEY GENERATION OPTIONS"
205 .IX Header "RSA KEY GENERATION OPTIONS"
206 .IP "\fBrsa_keygen_bits:numbits\fR" 4
207 .IX Item "rsa_keygen_bits:numbits"
208 The number of bits in the generated key. If not specified 1024 is used.
209 .IP "\fBrsa_keygen_pubexp:value\fR" 4
210 .IX Item "rsa_keygen_pubexp:value"
211 The \s-1RSA\s0 public exponent value. This can be a large decimal or
212 hexadecimal value if preceded by \fB0x\fR. Default value is 65537.
213 .SH "DSA PARAMETER GENERATION OPTIONS"
214 .IX Header "DSA PARAMETER GENERATION OPTIONS"
215 .IP "\fBdsa_paramgen_bits:numbits\fR" 4
216 .IX Item "dsa_paramgen_bits:numbits"
217 The number of bits in the generated parameters. If not specified 1024 is used.
218 .SH "DH PARAMETER GENERATION OPTIONS"
219 .IX Header "DH PARAMETER GENERATION OPTIONS"
220 .IP "\fBdh_paramgen_prime_len:numbits\fR" 4
221 .IX Item "dh_paramgen_prime_len:numbits"
222 The number of bits in the prime parameter \fBp\fR.
223 .IP "\fBdh_paramgen_generator:value\fR" 4
224 .IX Item "dh_paramgen_generator:value"
225 The value to use for the generator \fBg\fR.
226 .SH "EC PARAMETER GENERATION OPTIONS"
227 .IX Header "EC PARAMETER GENERATION OPTIONS"
228 .IP "\fBec_paramgen_curve:curve\fR" 4
229 .IX Item "ec_paramgen_curve:curve"
230 the \s-1EC\s0 curve to use.
231 .SH "GOST2001 KEY GENERATION AND PARAMETER OPTIONS"
232 .IX Header "GOST2001 KEY GENERATION AND PARAMETER OPTIONS"
233 Gost 2001 support is not enabled by default. To enable this algorithm,
234 one should load the ccgost engine in the OpenSSL configuration file.
235 See \s-1README\s0.gost file in the engines/ccgost directiry of the source
236 distribution for more details.
238 Use of a parameter file for the \s-1GOST\s0 R 34.10 algorithm is optional.
239 Parameters can be specified during key generation directly as well as
240 during generation of parameter file.
241 .IP "\fBparamset:name\fR" 4
242 .IX Item "paramset:name"
243 Specifies \s-1GOST\s0 R 34.10\-2001 parameter set according to \s-1RFC\s0 4357.
244 Parameter set can be specified using abbreviated name, object short name or
245 numeric \s-1OID\s0. Following parameter sets are supported:
248 \& paramset OID Usage
249 \& A 1.2.643.2.2.35.1 Signature
250 \& B 1.2.643.2.2.35.2 Signature
251 \& C 1.2.643.2.2.35.3 Signature
252 \& XA 1.2.643.2.2.36.0 Key exchange
253 \& XB 1.2.643.2.2.36.1 Key exchange
254 \& test 1.2.643.2.2.35.0 Test purposes
258 The use of the genpkey program is encouraged over the algorithm specific
259 utilities because additional algorithm options and \s-1ENGINE\s0 provided algorithms
262 .IX Header "EXAMPLES"
263 Generate an \s-1RSA\s0 private key using default parameters:
266 \& openssl genpkey \-algorithm RSA \-out key.pem
269 Encrypt output private key using 128 bit \s-1AES\s0 and the passphrase \*(L"hello\*(R":
272 \& openssl genpkey \-algorithm RSA \-out key.pem \-aes\-128\-cbc \-pass pass:hello
275 Generate a 2048 bit \s-1RSA\s0 key using 3 as the public exponent:
278 \& openssl genpkey \-algorithm RSA \-out key.pem \-pkeyopt rsa_keygen_bits:2048 \e
279 \& \-pkeyopt rsa_keygen_pubexp:3
282 Generate 1024 bit \s-1DSA\s0 parameters:
285 \& openssl genpkey \-genparam \-algorithm DSA \-out dsap.pem \e
286 \& \-pkeyopt dsa_paramgen_bits:1024
289 Generate \s-1DSA\s0 key from parameters:
292 \& openssl genpkey \-paramfile dsap.pem \-out dsakey.pem
295 Generate 1024 bit \s-1DH\s0 parameters:
298 \& openssl genpkey \-genparam \-algorithm DH \-out dhp.pem \e
299 \& \-pkeyopt dh_paramgen_prime_len:1024
302 Generate \s-1DH\s0 key from parameters:
305 \& openssl genpkey \-paramfile dhp.pem \-out dhkey.pem