1 The UNIX system family tree: Research and BSD
2 ---------------------------------------------
14 Sixth Edition (V6) -----*
18 Seventh Edition (V7) |
22 \ 2BSD---------------*
30 4.1BSD --------------> 2.8BSD
32 4.1aBSD -----------\ |
36 *------ 4.1cBSD --------------> 2.9BSD
38 Eighth Edition | 2.9BSD-Seismo
40 +----<--- 4.2BSD 2.9.1BSD
42 +----<--- 4.3BSD -------------> 2.10BSD
44 Ninth Edition | / 2.10.1BSD
45 | 4.3BSD Tahoe-----+ |
55 *---------- 4.3BSD NET/2 -------------------+-------------*
57 386BSD 0.0 | | BSD/386 ALPHA
59 386BSD 0.1 ------------>+ | BSD/386 0.3.[13]
61 | 386BSD 1.0 | | BSD/386 0.9.[34]
64 | | 4.4BSD-Encumbered | |
65 | NetBSD 0.8 | BSD/386 1.0
67 FreeBSD 1.0 NetBSD 0.9 | BSD/386 1.1
68 | | .----- 4.4BSD Lite |
69 FreeBSD 1.1 | / / | \ |
71 FreeBSD 1.1.5 .---|--------' / | \ |
73 FreeBSD 1.1.5.1 / | / | \ |
74 | / NetBSD 1.0 <-' | \ |
76 FreeBSD 2.0 <--' | | BSD/OS 2.0
78 FreeBSD 2.0.5 \ | BSD/OS 2.0.1
79 | .-----\------------- 4.4BSD Lite2 |
81 | | .-----|------Rhapsody | | | |
82 | | | | NetBSD 1.3 | | |
83 | | | | OpenBSD 2.3 | |
86 | | | | NetBSD 1.1 ------. BSD/OS 2.1
87 | FreeBSD 2.1.5 | | | \ |
88 | | | | NetBSD 1.2 \ BSD/OS 3.0
89 | FreeBSD 2.1.6 | | | \ OpenBSD 2.0 |
91 | FreeBSD 2.1.6.1 | | | \ | |
93 | FreeBSD 2.1.7 | | | | | |
94 | | | | | NetBSD 1.2.1 | |
95 | FreeBSD 2.1.7.1 | | | | |
98 *-FreeBSD 2.2 | | | | |
100 | FreeBSD 2.2.1 | | | | |
102 | FreeBSD 2.2.2 | | | OpenBSD 2.1 |
104 | FreeBSD 2.2.5 | | | | |
105 | | | | | OpenBSD 2.2 |
106 | | | | NetBSD 1.3 | |
107 | FreeBSD 2.2.6 | | | | | |
108 | | | | | NetBSD 1.3.1 | BSD/OS 3.1
109 | | | | | | OpenBSD 2.3 |
110 | | | | | NetBSD 1.3.2 | |
111 | FreeBSD 2.2.7 | | | | | |
112 | | | | | | | BSD/OS 4.0
114 | FreeBSD 2.2.8 | | | | | |
115 | | | | | OpenBSD 2.4 |
116 FreeBSD 3.0 <--------* | | v | |
117 | | | NetBSD 1.3.3 | |
118 *---FreeBSD 3.1 | | | |
119 | | | | | BSD/OS 4.0.1
120 | FreeBSD 3.2----* | NetBSD 1.4 OpenBSD 2.5 |
124 | FreeBSD 3.3 | | | | NetBSD 1.4.1 | |
125 | | | | | | | OpenBSD 2.6 |
126 | FreeBSD 3.4 | | | | | | |
127 | | | | | | | | BSD/OS 4.1
128 FreeBSD 4.0 | | | | | NetBSD 1.4.2 | |
131 | FreeBSD 3.5 | | | | | OpenBSD 2.7 |
133 | FreeBSD 3.5.1 | | | | | | |
135 *---FreeBSD 4.1 | | | | | | |
137 | FreeBSD 4.1.1 | | / | | | |
139 | FreeBSD 4.2 Darwin/ | NetBSD 1.4.3 | |
140 | | Mac OS X | OpenBSD 2.8 BSD/OS 4.2
143 | | 10.0 NetBSD 1.5 | |
144 | FreeBSD 4.3 | | | | |
145 | | | | | OpenBSD 2.9 |
146 | | | | NetBSD 1.5.1 | |
148 | FreeBSD 4.4-. | | NetBSD 1.5.2 | |
149 | | | Mac OS X | | | |
150 | | | 10.1 | | OpenBSD 3.0 |
151 | FreeBSD 4.5 | | | | | |
152 | | \ | | | | BSD/OS 4.3
153 | FreeBSD 4.6 \ | | | OpenBSD 3.1 |
154 | | \ | | NetBSD 1.5.3 | |
155 | FreeBSD 4.6.2 Mac OS X | | |
157 | FreeBSD 4.7 | | | |
158 | | | NetBSD 1.6 OpenBSD 3.2 |
159 | FreeBSD 4.8 | | | | |
160 | | | | NetBSD 1.6.1 | |
161 | |--------. | | | OpenBSD 3.3 BSD/OS 5.0
163 | FreeBSD 4.9 | | | | OpenBSD 3.4 BSD/OS 5.1 ISE
165 | | | | | NetBSD 1.6.2 |
167 | | | | | | OpenBSD 3.5
169 | FreeBSD 4.10 | | | |
171 | FreeBSD 4.11 | | | |
173 | `-|------|-----------------|---------------------.
177 FreeBSD 5.1 | | | DragonFly 1.0
179 | ----- Mac OS X | | |
183 | FreeBSD 5.2.1 | | | |
185 *-------FreeBSD 5.3 | | | |
186 | | | | OpenBSD 3.6 |
188 | | | | | | | DragonFly 1.2.0
189 | | Mac OS X | | NetBSD 2.0.2 | |
191 | FreeBSD 5.4 | | | | | |
192 | | | | | | OpenBSD 3.7 |
193 | | | | | NetBSD 2.0.3 | |
195 *--FreeBSD | | | | v OpenBSD 3.8 |
198 | | | | | NetBSD 2.1 | |
200 | | | | NetBSD 3.0 | |
201 | | | | | | | | DragonFly 1.4.0
202 | | | | | | | OpenBSD 3.9 |
203 | FreeBSD | | | | | | |
205 | | FreeBSD 5.5 | | | | | |
206 | | | | | NetBSD 3.0.1 | DragonFly 1.6.0
208 | | | | | | OpenBSD 4.0 |
209 | | | | | NetBSD 3.0.2 | |
210 | | | | NetBSD 3.1 | |
211 | FreeBSD 6.2 | | | |
212 | | | | | DragonFly 1.8.0
213 | | | | OpenBSD 4.1 |
214 | | | | | DragonFly 1.10.0
217 | | | | OpenBSD 4.2 |
219 | FreeBSD 6.3 | | | |
221 *--FreeBSD | | | | DragonFly 1.12.0
223 | | | | | OpenBSD 4.3 |
224 | | | | | | DragonFly 2.0.0
225 | | FreeBSD | | OpenBSD 4.4 |
228 | FreeBSD 7.1 | | | |
229 | | | | | DragonFly 2.2.0
230 | FreeBSD 7.2 | NetBSD 5.0 OpenBSD 4.5 |
234 | | | | | | DragonFly 2.4.0
235 | | | | | OpenBSD 4.6 |
237 *--FreeBSD | | | | | |
239 | | FreeBSD | | | | |
240 | | 7.3 | | | | DragonFly 2.6.0
241 | | | | | | OpenBSD 4.7 |
242 | FreeBSD | | | | | |
244 | | | | | | | DragonFly 2.8.2
245 | | | | | | OpenBSD 4.8 |
246 | | | | | NetBSD 5.1 | |
247 | FreeBSD FreeBSD | | | |
248 | 8.2 7.4 | | | DragonFly 2.10.1
249 | | | | OpenBSD 4.9 |
250 | `-----. Mac OS X | | |
252 | | | | OpenBSD 5.0 |
254 | 9.0 | | | | DragonFly 3.0.1
256 | 8.3 | | OpenBSD 5.1 |
259 FreeBSD 10 -current | NetBSD -current OpenBSD -current |
266 Time tolerance +/- 6 months, depending on which book/article you read; if it
267 was the announcement in Usenet or if it was available as tape.
269 [44B] McKusick, Marshall Kirk, Keith Bostic, Michael J Karels,
270 and John Quarterman. The Design and Implementation of
271 the 4.4BSD Operating System.
272 [APL] Apple website [http://www.apple.com/macosx/]
273 [BSDI] Berkeley Software Design, Inc.
274 [DFB] DragonFlyBSD Project, The.
275 [DOC] README, COPYRIGHT on tape.
276 [FBD] FreeBSD Project, The.
277 [KB] Keith Bostic. BSD2.10 available from Usenix. comp.unix.sources,
278 Volume 11, Info 4, April, 1987.
279 [KKK] Mike Karels, Kirk McKusick, and Keith Bostic. tahoe announcement.
280 comp.bugs.4bsd.ucb-fixes, June 15, 1988.
281 [KSJ] Michael J. Karels, Carl F. Smith, and William F. Jolitz.
282 Changes in the Kernel in 2.9BSD. Second Berkeley Software
283 Distribution UNIX Version 2.9, July, 1983.
284 [NBD] NetBSD Project, The.
285 [OBD] OpenBSD Project, The.
286 [QCU] Salus, Peter H. A quarter century of UNIX.
287 [SMS] Steven M. Schultz. 2.11BSD, UNIX for the PDP-11.
288 [TUHS] The Unix Historical Society. http://minnie.tuhs.org/Unix_History/.
289 [USE] Usenet announcement.
290 [WRS] Wind River Systems, Inc.
291 [dmr] Dennis Ritchie, via E-Mail
296 First Edition 1971-11-03 [QCU]
297 DEC PDP-11/20, Assembler
298 Second Edition 1972-06-12 [QCU]
299 10 UNIX installations
300 Third Edition 1973-02-xx [QCU]
301 Pipes, 16 installations
302 Fourth Edition 1973-11-xx [QCU]
303 rewriting in C effected,
304 above 30 installations
305 Fifth Edition 1974-06-xx [QCU]
306 above 50 installations
307 Sixth Edition 1975-05-xx [QCU]
309 Seventh Edition 1979-01-xx [QCU]
311 Eighth Edition 1985-02-xx [QCU]
312 VAX 11/750, VAX 11/780 [dmr]
313 descended from 4.1c BSD [dmr]
314 descended from 4.1 BSD [44B]
315 scooping-out and replacement of the character-device
316 and networking part by the streams mechanism
318 Ninth Edition 1986-09-xx [QCU]
319 Tenth Edition 1989-10-xx [QCU]
323 PDP-11, Pascal, ex(1)
324 30 free copies of 1BSD sent out
325 35 tapes sold for 50 USD [QCU]
326 2BSD mid 1978 [QCU] 1979-05-10 [TUHS]
327 75 2BSD tapes shipped
328 2.79BSD 1980-04-xx [TUHS]
329 2.8BSD 1981-07-xx [KSJ]
331 2.8.1BSD 1982-01-xx [QCU]
332 set of performance improvements
333 2.9BSD 1983-07-xx [KSJ]
334 2.9.1BSD 1983-11-xx [TUHS]
335 2.9BSD-Seismo 1985-08-xx [SMS]
336 2.10BSD 1987-04-xx [KKK]
337 2.10.1BSD 1989-01-xx [SMS]
338 2.11BSD 1992-02-xx [SMS]
339 2.11BSD rev #430 1999-12-13 [SMS]
341 32V 1978-1[01]-xx [QCU]
342 3BSD late 1979 [QCU] March 1980 [TUHS]
343 virtual memory, page replacement,
346 4.1BSD 1981-07-08 [DOC]
348 alpha release, 100 sites, networking [44B]
349 4.1bBSD internal release, fast filesystem [44B]
351 beta release, IPC [44B]
352 4.2BSD 1983-09-xx [QCU]
354 4.3BSD 1986-06-xx [QCU]
355 1986-04-05 [KB], [DOC]
356 4.3BSD Tahoe 1988-06-15 [QCU], [DOC]
357 4.3BSD NET/1 1988-11-xx [QCU]
359 4.3BSD Reno 1990-06-29 [QCU], [DOC]
360 4.3BSD NET/2 1991-06-28 [QCU], [DOC]
362 BSD/386 ALPHA 1991-12-xx [BSDI]
363 first code released to people outside BSDI
364 386BSD 0.0 1992-02-xx [DOC]
365 BSD/386 0.3.1 1992-04-xx [BSDI] first ext. beta; B customers
366 BSD/386 0.3.3 1992-06-xx [BSDI] first CDROM version
367 386BSD 0.1 1992-07-28 [DOC]
368 4.4BSD Alpha 1992-07-07
369 BSD/386 0.9.3 1992-10-xx [BSDI]
370 first external gamma; G customers
371 BSD/386 0.9.4 1992-12-xx [BSDI]
372 would have been 1.0 except for request
373 for preliminary injunction
374 BSD/386 1.0 1993-03-xx [BSDI]
375 injunction denied; first official release
376 NetBSD 0.8 1993-04-20 [NBD]
377 4.4BSD 1993-06-01 [USE]
378 NetBSD 0.9 1993-08-23 [NBD]
379 FreeBSD 1.0 1993-11-01 [FBD]
380 FreeBSD 1.0.2 1993-11-14 [FBD]
381 supersedes 1.0 13 days after release.
382 BSD/386 1.1 1994-02-xx [BSDI]
383 4.4BSD Lite 1994-03-01 [USE]
384 FreeBSD 1.1 1994-05-07 [FBD]
385 FreeBSD 1.1.5 1994-06-30 [FBD]
386 FreeBSD 1.1.5.1 1994-07-05 [FBD]
387 supersedes 1.1.5 5 days after release.
388 NetBSD 1.0 1994-10-26 [NBD]
389 386BSD 1.0 1994-11-12 [USE]
390 FreeBSD 2.0 1994-11-23 [FBD]
391 BSD/OS 2.0 1995-01-xx [BSDI] 4.4 lite based
392 FreeBSD 2.0.5 1995-06-10 [FBD]
393 BSD/OS 2.0.1 1995-06-xx [BSDI]
394 4.4BSD Lite Release 2 1995-06-xx [44B]
395 the true final distribution from the CSRG
396 FreeBSD 2.1.0 1995-11-19 [FBD]
397 NetBSD 1.1 1995-11-26 [NBD]
398 BSD/OS 2.1 1996-01-xx [BSDI]
399 FreeBSD 2.1.5 1996-07-14 [FBD]
400 NetBSD 1.2 1996-10-04 [NBD]
401 OpenBSD 2.0 1996-10-18 [OBD]
402 FreeBSD 2.1.6 1996-11-16 [FBD]
403 FreeBSD 2.1.6.1 1996-11-25 [FBD] (sendmail security release)
405 FreeBSD 2.1.7 1997-02-20 [FBD]
406 BSD/OS 3.0 1997-02-xx [BSDI] 4.4 lite2 based
407 FreeBSD 2.2.0 1997-03-16 [FBD]
408 FreeBSD 2.2.1 1997-03-25 [FBD]
409 FreeBSD 2.2.2 1997-05-16 [FBD]
410 NetBSD 1.2.1 1997-05-20 [NBD] (patch release)
411 OpenBSD 2.1 1997-06-01 [OBD]
412 FreeBSD 2.2.5 1997-10-22 [FBD]
413 OpenBSD 2.2 1997-12-01 [OBD]
414 NetBSD 1.3 1998-01-04 [NBD]
415 FreeBSD 2.2.6 1998-03-25 [FBD]
416 NetBSD 1.3.1 1998-03-09 [NBD] (patch release)
417 BSD/OS 3.1 1998-03-xx [BSDI]
418 OpenBSD 2.3 1998-05-19 [OBD]
419 NetBSD 1.3.2 1998-05-29 [NBD] (patch release)
420 FreeBSD 2.2.7 1998-07-22 [FBD]
421 BSD/OS 4.0 1998-08-xx [BSDI]
422 2-lock MP support, ELF executables
423 FreeBSD 3.0 1998-10-16 [FBD]
424 FreeBSD-3.0 is a snapshot from -current,
425 while 3.1 and 3.2 are from 3.x-stable which
426 was branched quite some time after 3.0-release
427 FreeBSD 2.2.8 1998-11-29 [FBD]
428 OpenBSD 2.4 1998-12-01 [OBD]
429 NetBSD 1.3.3 1998-12-23 [NBD] (patch release)
430 FreeBSD 3.1 1999-02-15 [FBD]
431 BSD/OS 4.0.1 1999-03-xx [BSDI]
432 NetBSD 1.4 1999-05-12 [NBD]
433 FreeBSD 3.2 1999-05-17 [FBD]
434 OpenBSD 2.5 1999-05-19 [OBD]
435 NetBSD 1.4.1 1999-08-26 [NBD] (patch release)
436 FreeBSD 3.3 1999-09-17 [FBD]
437 OpenBSD 2.6 1999-12-01 [OBD]
438 FreeBSD 3.4 1999-12-20 [FBD]
439 BSD/OS 4.1 1999-12-xx [BSDI]
440 FreeBSD 4.0 2000-03-13 [FBD]
441 NetBSD 1.4.2 2000-03-19 [NBD] (patch release)
442 OpenBSD 2.7 2000-06-15 [OBD]
443 FreeBSD 3.5 2000-06-24 [FBD]
444 FreeBSD 4.1 2000-07-27 [FBD]
445 FreeBSD 3.5.1 2000-07-28 [FBD]
446 FreeBSD 4.1.1 2000-09-25 [FBD] (a network-only patch release)
447 FreeBSD 4.2 2000-11-21 [FBD]
448 NetBSD 1.4.3 2000-11-25 [NBD] (patch release)
449 BSD/OS 4.2 2000-11-29 [BSDI]
450 OpenBSD 2.8 2000-12-01 [OBD]
451 NetBSD 1.5 2000-12-06 [NBD]
452 Mac OS X 10.0 2001-03-24 [APL]
453 FreeBSD 4.3 2001-04-20 [FBD]
454 OpenBSD 2.9 2001-06-01 [OBD]
455 NetBSD 1.5.1 2001-07-11 [NBD] (patch release)
456 NetBSD 1.5.2 2001-09-13 [NBD] (patch release)
457 FreeBSD 4.4 2001-09-18 [FBD]
458 Mac OS X 10.1 2001-09-29 [APL]
459 OpenBSD 3.0 2001-12-01 [OBD]
460 FreeBSD 4.5 2002-01-29 [FBD]
461 BSD/OS 4.3 2002-03-14 [WRS]
462 OpenBSD 3.1 2002-05-19 [OBD]
463 FreeBSD 4.6 2002-06-15 [FBD]
464 NetBSD 1.5.3 2002-07-22 [NBD] (patch release)
465 FreeBSD 4.6.2 2002-08-15 [FBD] (patch release)
466 Mac OS X 10.2 2002-08-23 [APL]
467 NetBSD 1.6 2002-09-14 [NBD]
468 FreeBSD 4.7 2002-10-08 [FBD]
469 OpenBSD 3.2 2002-11-01 [OBD]
470 FreeBSD 5.0 2003-01-17 [FBD]
471 FreeBSD 5.0 is a separate branch off of
472 -current, similar to 3.0.
473 FreeBSD 4.8 2003-04-03 [FBD]
474 NetBSD 1.6.1 2003-04-21 [NBD] (patch release)
475 OpenBSD 3.3 2003-05-01 [OBD]
476 BSD/OS 5.0 2003-05-?? [WRS]
477 FreeBSD 5.1 2003-06-09 [FBD]
478 Mac OS X 10.3 2003-10-24 [APL]
479 FreeBSD 4.9 2003-10-28 [FBD]
480 BSD/OS 5.1 ISE 2003-10-?? [WRS] (final version)
481 OpenBSD 3.4 2003-11-01 [OBD]
482 FreeBSD 5.2 2004-01-12 [FBD]
483 FreeBSD 5.2.1 2004-02-22 [FBD] (patch release)
484 NetBSD 1.6.2 2004-03-01 [NBD] (patch release)
485 OpenBSD 3.5 2004-04-01 [OBD]
486 FreeBSD 4.10 2004-05-27 [FBD]
487 DragonFly 1.0 2004-07-12 [DFB]
488 OpenBSD 3.6 2004-10-29 [OBD]
489 FreeBSD 5.3 2004-11-06 [FBD]
490 NetBSD 2.0 2004-12-09 [NBD]
491 FreeBSD 4.11 2005-01-25 [FBD]
492 DragonFly 1.2.0 2005-04-08 [DFB]
493 NetBSD 2.0.2 2005-04-14 [NBD] (security/critical release)
494 Mac OS X 10.4 2005-04-29 [APL]
495 FreeBSD 5.4 2005-05-09 [FBD]
496 OpenBSD 3.7 2005-05-19 [OBD]
497 NetBSD 2.0.3 2005-10-31 [NBD] (security/critical release)
498 OpenBSD 3.8 2005-11-01 [OBD]
499 FreeBSD 6.0 2005-11-01 [FBD]
500 NetBSD 2.1 2005-11-02 [NBD]
501 NetBSD 3.0 2005-12-23 [NBD]
502 DragonFly 1.4.0 2006-01-08 [DFB]
503 OpenBSD 3.9 2006-05-01 [OBD]
504 FreeBSD 6.1 2006-05-08 [FBD]
505 FreeBSD 5.5 2006-05-25 [FBD]
506 NetBSD 3.0.1 2006-07-24 [NBD] (security/critical release)
507 DragonFly 1.6.0 2006-07-24 [DFB]
508 OpenBSD 4.0 2006-11-01 [OBD]
509 NetBSD 3.0.2 2006-11-04 [NBD] (security/critical release)
510 NetBSD 3.1 2006-11-04 [NBD]
511 FreeBSD 6.2 2007-01-15 [FBD]
512 DragonFly 1.8.0 2007-01-30 [DFB]
513 OpenBSD 4.1 2007-05-01 [OBD]
514 DragonFly 1.10.0 2007-08-06 [DFB]
515 Mac OS X 10.5 2007-10-26 [APL]
516 OpenBSD 4.2 2007-11-01 [OBD]
517 NetBSD 4.0 2007-12-19 [NBD]
518 FreeBSD 6.3 2008-01-18 [FBD]
519 DragonFly 1.12.0 2008-02-26 [DFB]
520 FreeBSD 7.0 2008-02-27 [FBD]
521 OpenBSD 4.3 2008-05-01 [OBD]
522 DragonFly 2.0.0 2008-07-21 [DFB]
523 OpenBSD 4.4 2008-11-01 [OBD]
524 FreeBSD 6.4 2008-11-28 [FBD]
525 FreeBSD 7.1 2009-01-04 [FBD]
526 DragonFly 2.2.0 2009-02-17 [DFB]
527 NetBSD 5.0 2009-04-29 [NBD]
528 OpenBSD 4.5 2009-05-01 [OBD]
529 FreeBSD 7.2 2009-05-04 [FBD]
530 Mac OS X 10.6 2009-06-08 [APL]
531 DragonFly 2.4.0 2009-09-16 [DFB]
532 OpenBSD 4.6 2009-10-18 [OBD]
533 FreeBSD 8.0 2009-11-26 [FBD]
534 FreeBSD 7.3 2010-03-23 [FBD]
535 DragonFly 2.6.0 2010-03-28 [DFB]
536 OpenBSD 4.7 2010-05-19 [OBD]
537 FreeBSD 8.1 2010-07-24 [FBD]
538 DragonFly 2.8.2 2010-10-30 [DFB]
539 OpenBSD 4.8 2010-11-01 [OBD]
540 NetBSD 5.1 2010-11-19 [NBD]
541 FreeBSD 7.4 2011-02-24 [FBD]
542 FreeBSD 8.2 2011-02-24 [FBD]
543 DragonFly 2.10.1 2011-04-26 [DFB]
544 OpenBSD 4.9 2011-05-01 [OBD]
545 Mac OS X 10.7 2011-07-20 [APL]
546 OpenBSD 5.0 2011-11-01 [OBD]
547 FreeBSD 9.0 2012-01-12 [FBD]
548 DragonFly 3.0.1 2012-02-21 [DFB]
549 FreeBSD 8.3 2012-04-18 [FBD]
550 OpenBSD 5.1 2012-05-01 [OBD]
551 Mac OS X 10.8 2012-07-25 [APL]
554 ------------------------
556 Leffler, Samuel J., Marshall Kirk McKusick, Michael J Karels and John
557 Quarterman. The Design and Implementation of the 4.3BSD UNIX Operating
558 System. Reading, Mass. Addison-Wesley, 1989. ISBN 0-201-06196-1
560 Salus, Peter H. A quarter century of UNIX. Addison-Wesley Publishing
561 Company, Inc., 1994. ISBN 0-201-54777-5
563 McKusick, Marshall Kirk, Keith Bostic, Michael J Karels, and John
564 Quarterman. The Design and Implementation of the 4.4BSD Operating
565 System. Reading, Mass. Addison-Wesley, 1996. ISBN 0-201-54979-4
567 McKusick, Marshall Kirk, George Neville-Neil. The Design and
568 Implementation of the FreeBSD Operating System.
569 Addison-Wesley Professional, Published: Aug 2, 2004. ISBN 0-201-70245-2
571 Doug McIlroy. Research Unix Reader.
573 Michael G. Brown. The Role of BSD in the Development of Unix.
574 Presented to the Tasmanian Unix Special Interest Group of the
575 Australian Computer Society, Hobart, August 1993.
577 Peter H. Salus. Unix at 25. Byte Magazine, October 1994.
578 URL: http://www.byte.com/art/9410/sec8/art3.htm
580 Andreas Klemm, Lars Köller. If you're going to San Francisco ...
581 Die freien BSD-Varianten von Unix. c't April 1997, page 368ff.
583 BSD Release Announcements collection.
584 URL: http://www.FreeBSD.org/releases/
586 BSD Hypertext Man Pages
587 URL: http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi
589 UNIX history graphing project
590 URL: http://minnie.tuhs.org/Unix_History/index.html
593 URL: http://www.levenez.com/unix/
595 James Howard: The BSD Family Tree
596 URL: http://ezine.daemonnews.org/200104/bsd_family.html
597 ("what are the differences between FreeBSD, NetBSD, and OpenBSD?")
603 Josh Gilliam for suggestions, bug fixes, and finding very old
604 original BSD announcements from Usenet or tapes.
606 Steven M. Schultz for providing 2.8BSD, 2.10BSD, 2.11BSD manual pages.
609 Copyright (c) 1997-2012 Wolfram Schneider <wosch@FreeBSD.ORG>
610 URL: http://cvsweb.freebsd.org/src/share/misc/bsd-family-tree
612 $FreeBSD: src/share/misc/bsd-family-tree,v 1.156 2012/07/26 11:51:29 pluknet Exp $