2 * Copyright (c) 1987, 1993
3 * The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.
5 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
6 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
8 * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
9 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
10 * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
11 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
12 * documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
13 * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
14 * must display the following acknowledgement:
15 * This product includes software developed by the University of
16 * California, Berkeley and its contributors.
17 * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
18 * may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
19 * without specific prior written permission.
21 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
22 * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
23 * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
24 * ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
25 * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
26 * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
27 * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
28 * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
29 * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
30 * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
33 * @(#) Copyright (c) 1987, 1993 The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.
34 * @(#)xinstall.c 8.1 (Berkeley) 7/21/93
35 * $FreeBSD: src/usr.bin/xinstall/xinstall.c,v 1.38.2.8 2002/08/07 16:29:48 ru Exp $
38 #include <sys/param.h>
40 #include <sys/mount.h>
58 #include "pathnames.h"
60 /* Bootstrap aid - this doesn't exist in most older releases */
62 #define MAP_FAILED ((void *)-1) /* from <sys/mman.h> */
65 #define UF_NOHISTORY 0
68 #define MAX_CMP_SIZE (16 * 1024 * 1024)
70 #define DIRECTORY 0x01 /* Tell install it's a directory. */
71 #define SETFLAGS 0x02 /* Tell install to set flags. */
72 #define NOCHANGEBITS (UF_IMMUTABLE | UF_APPEND | SF_IMMUTABLE | SF_APPEND)
73 #define BACKUP_SUFFIX ".old"
79 int dobackup, docompare, dodir, dopreserve, dostrip, nommap, safecopy, verbose;
80 mode_t mode = S_IRWXU | S_IRGRP | S_IXGRP | S_IROTH | S_IXOTH;
81 const char *suffix = BACKUP_SUFFIX;
84 static int file_getgroup(const char *etcdir, const char *group, gid_t *gidret);
85 static int file_getowner(const char *etcdir, const char *owner, uid_t *uidret);
87 void copy(int, const char *, int, const char *, off_t);
88 int compare(int, const char *, size_t, int, const char *, size_t);
89 int create_newfile(const char *, int, struct stat *);
90 int create_tempfile(const char *, char *, size_t);
91 void install(const char *, const char *, u_long, u_long, u_int);
92 void install_dir(char *);
93 u_long numeric_id(const char *, const char *);
94 void strip(const char *);
99 main(int argc, char **argv)
101 struct stat from_sb, to_sb;
109 const char *group, *owner, *to_name;
118 while ((ch = getopt(argc, argv, "L:B:bCcdf:g:lMm:o:pSsv:D:")) != -1)
133 /* For backwards compatibility. */
143 if (strtofflags(&flags, &fset, &fclr))
144 errx(EX_USAGE, "%s: invalid flag", flags);
157 if (!(set = setmode(optarg)))
158 errx(EX_USAGE, "invalid file mode: %s",
160 mode = getmode(set, 0);
167 docompare = dopreserve = 1;
185 /* some options make no sense when creating directories */
186 if (dostrip && dodir)
189 /* must have at least two arguments, except when creating directories */
190 if (argc < 2 && !dodir)
193 /* need to make a temp copy so we can compare stripped version */
194 if (docompare && dostrip)
197 /* no etcdir specified, always try the system */
203 /* get group and owner id's */
205 if (etcdir && file_getgroup(etcdir, group, &gid)) {
207 } else if (trysys && (gp = getgrnam(group)) != NULL) {
210 gid = (gid_t)numeric_id(group, "group");
215 if (etcdir && file_getowner(etcdir, owner, &uid)) {
217 } else if (trysys && (pp = getpwnam(owner)) != NULL) {
220 uid = (uid_t)numeric_id(owner, "user");
225 for (; *argv != NULL; ++argv)
231 no_target = stat(to_name = argv[argc - 1], &to_sb);
232 if (!no_target && S_ISDIR(to_sb.st_mode)) {
233 for (; *argv != to_name; ++argv)
234 install(*argv, to_name, fset, fclr, iflags | DIRECTORY);
239 /* can't do file1 file2 directory/file */
244 if (stat(*argv, &from_sb))
245 err(EX_OSERR, "%s", *argv);
246 if (!S_ISREG(to_sb.st_mode)) {
248 err(EX_OSERR, "%s", to_name);
250 if (to_sb.st_dev == from_sb.st_dev &&
251 to_sb.st_ino == from_sb.st_ino)
253 "%s and %s are the same file", *argv, to_name);
255 install(*argv, to_name, fset, fclr, iflags);
261 numeric_id(const char *name, const char *type)
268 * We know that uid_t's and gid_t's are unsigned longs.
271 val = strtoul(name, &ep, 10);
273 err(EX_NOUSER, "%s", name);
275 errx(EX_NOUSER, "unknown %s %s", type, name);
281 file_getgroup(const char *etcdir, const char *group, gid_t *gidret)
290 grlen = strlen(group);
292 if (asprintf(&path, "%s/group", etcdir) < 0)
293 errx(EX_OSERR, "asprintf()");
294 if ((fp = fopen(path, "r")) != NULL) {
295 while ((ptr = fgetln(fp, &len)) != NULL && len) {
297 if ((scan = strchr(ptr, ':')) == NULL)
299 if ((size_t)(scan - ptr) != grlen)
301 if (strncmp(ptr, group, grlen) != 0)
303 if ((scan = strchr(scan + 1, ':')) == NULL)
305 *gidret = strtoul(scan + 1, NULL, 10);
311 return((*gidret == (gid_t)-1) ? 0 : 1);
316 file_getowner(const char *etcdir, const char *owner, uid_t *uidret)
325 owner_len = strlen(owner);
327 if (asprintf(&path, "%s/master.passwd", etcdir) < 0)
328 errx(EX_OSERR, "asprintf()");
329 if ((fp = fopen(path, "r")) != NULL) {
330 while ((ptr = fgetln(fp, &len)) != NULL && len) {
332 if ((scan = strchr(ptr, ':')) == NULL)
334 if ((size_t)(scan - ptr) != owner_len)
336 if (strncmp(ptr, owner, owner_len) != 0)
338 if ((scan = strchr(scan + 1, ':')) == NULL)
340 *uidret = strtoul(scan + 1, NULL, 10);
346 return((*uidret == (uid_t)-1) ? 0 : 1);
351 * build a path name and install the file
354 install(const char *from_name, const char *to_name, u_long fset, u_long fclr,
357 struct stat from_sb, temp_sb, to_sb;
359 int devnull, files_match, from_fd, serrno, target;
360 int tempcopy, temp_fd, to_fd;
362 char backup[MAXPATHLEN], *p, pathbuf[MAXPATHLEN], tempfile[MAXPATHLEN];
367 /* If try to install NULL file to a directory, fails. */
368 if (flags & DIRECTORY || strcmp(from_name, _PATH_DEVNULL)) {
369 if (stat(from_name, &from_sb))
370 err(EX_OSERR, "%s", from_name);
371 if (!S_ISREG(from_sb.st_mode)) {
373 err(EX_OSERR, "%s", from_name);
375 /* Build the target path. */
376 if (flags & DIRECTORY) {
377 snprintf(pathbuf, sizeof(pathbuf), "%s/%s",
379 (p = strrchr(from_name, '/')) ? ++p : from_name);
387 target = stat(to_name, &to_sb) == 0;
389 /* Only install to regular files. */
390 if (target && !S_ISREG(to_sb.st_mode)) {
396 /* Only copy safe if the target exists. */
397 tempcopy = safecopy && target;
399 if (!devnull && (from_fd = open(from_name, O_RDONLY, 0)) < 0)
400 err(EX_OSERR, "%s", from_name);
402 /* If we don't strip, we can compare first. */
403 if (docompare && !dostrip && target) {
404 if ((to_fd = open(to_name, O_RDONLY, 0)) < 0)
405 err(EX_OSERR, "%s", to_name);
407 files_match = to_sb.st_size == 0;
409 files_match = !(compare(from_fd, from_name,
410 (size_t)from_sb.st_size, to_fd,
411 to_name, (size_t)to_sb.st_size));
413 /* Close "to" file unless we match. */
420 to_fd = create_tempfile(to_name, tempfile,
423 err(EX_OSERR, "%s", tempfile);
425 if ((to_fd = create_newfile(to_name, target,
427 err(EX_OSERR, "%s", to_name);
429 printf("install: %s -> %s\n",
433 copy(from_fd, from_name, to_fd,
434 tempcopy ? tempfile : to_name, from_sb.st_size);
438 strip(tempcopy ? tempfile : to_name);
441 * Re-open our fd on the target, in case we used a strip
442 * that does not work in-place -- like GNU binutils strip.
445 to_fd = open(tempcopy ? tempfile : to_name, O_RDONLY, 0);
447 err(EX_OSERR, "stripping %s", to_name);
451 * Compare the stripped temp file with the target.
453 if (docompare && dostrip && target) {
456 /* Re-open to_fd using the real target name. */
457 if ((to_fd = open(to_name, O_RDONLY, 0)) < 0)
458 err(EX_OSERR, "%s", to_name);
460 if (fstat(temp_fd, &temp_sb)) {
464 err(EX_OSERR, "%s", tempfile);
467 if (compare(temp_fd, tempfile, (size_t)temp_sb.st_size, to_fd,
468 to_name, (size_t)to_sb.st_size) == 0) {
470 * If target has more than one link we need to
471 * replace it in order to snap the extra links.
472 * Need to preserve target file times, though.
474 if (to_sb.st_nlink != 1) {
475 utb.actime = to_sb.st_atime;
476 utb.modtime = to_sb.st_mtime;
477 utime(tempfile, &utb);
487 * Move the new file into place if doing a safe copy
488 * and the files are different (or just not compared).
490 if (tempcopy && !files_match) {
491 /* Try to turn off the immutable bits. */
492 if (to_sb.st_flags & NOCHANGEBITS)
493 chflags(to_name, to_sb.st_flags & ~NOCHANGEBITS);
495 if ((size_t)snprintf(backup, MAXPATHLEN, "%s%s", to_name,
496 suffix) != strlen(to_name) + strlen(suffix)) {
498 errx(EX_OSERR, "%s: backup filename too long",
502 printf("install: %s -> %s\n", to_name, backup);
503 if (rename(to_name, backup) < 0) {
507 err(EX_OSERR, "rename: %s to %s", to_name,
512 printf("install: %s -> %s\n", from_name, to_name);
513 if (rename(tempfile, to_name) < 0) {
517 err(EX_OSERR, "rename: %s to %s",
521 /* Re-open to_fd so we aren't hosed by the rename(2). */
523 if ((to_fd = open(to_name, O_RDONLY, 0)) < 0)
524 err(EX_OSERR, "%s", to_name);
528 * Preserve the timestamp of the source file if necessary.
530 if (dopreserve && !files_match && !devnull) {
531 utb.actime = from_sb.st_atime;
532 utb.modtime = from_sb.st_mtime;
533 utime(to_name, &utb);
536 if (fstat(to_fd, &to_sb) == -1) {
540 err(EX_OSERR, "%s", to_name);
544 * Set owner, group, mode for target; do the chown first,
545 * chown may lose the setuid bits.
547 if ((gid != (gid_t)-1 && gid != to_sb.st_gid) ||
548 (uid != (uid_t)-1 && uid != to_sb.st_uid) ||
549 (mode != to_sb.st_mode)) {
550 /* Try to turn off the immutable bits. */
551 if (to_sb.st_flags & NOCHANGEBITS)
552 fchflags(to_fd, to_sb.st_flags & ~NOCHANGEBITS);
555 if ((gid != (gid_t)-1 && gid != to_sb.st_gid) ||
556 (uid != (uid_t)-1 && uid != to_sb.st_uid))
557 if (fchown(to_fd, uid, gid) == -1) {
561 err(EX_OSERR,"%s: chown/chgrp", to_name);
564 if (mode != to_sb.st_mode)
565 if (fchmod(to_fd, mode)) {
569 err(EX_OSERR, "%s: chmod", to_name);
573 * If provided a set of flags, set them, otherwise, preserve the
574 * flags, except for the dump and history flags. The dump flag
575 * is left clear on the target while the history flag from when
576 * the target was created (which is inherited from the target's
577 * parent directory) is retained.
579 if (flags & SETFLAGS) {
580 nfset = (to_sb.st_flags | fset) & ~fclr;
582 nfset = (from_sb.st_flags & ~(UF_NODUMP | UF_NOHISTORY)) |
583 (to_sb.st_flags & UF_NOHISTORY);
587 * NFS does not support flags. Ignore EOPNOTSUPP flags if we're just
588 * trying to turn off UF_NODUMP. If we're trying to set real flags,
589 * then warn if the the fs doesn't support it, otherwise fail.
591 if (!devnull && fchflags(to_fd, nfset)) {
592 if (flags & SETFLAGS) {
593 if (errno == EOPNOTSUPP)
594 warn("%s: chflags", to_name);
599 err(EX_OSERR, "%s: chflags", to_name);
611 * compare two files; non-zero means files differ
614 compare(int from_fd, const char *from_name __unused, size_t from_len,
615 int to_fd, const char *to_name __unused, size_t to_len)
622 if (from_len != to_len)
625 if (from_len <= MAX_CMP_SIZE) {
627 if (trymmap(from_fd) && trymmap(to_fd)) {
628 p = mmap(NULL, from_len, PROT_READ, MAP_SHARED, from_fd, (off_t)0);
629 if (p == (char *)MAP_FAILED)
631 q = mmap(NULL, from_len, PROT_READ, MAP_SHARED, to_fd, (off_t)0);
632 if (q == (char *)MAP_FAILED) {
637 rv = memcmp(p, q, from_len);
649 lseek(from_fd, 0, SEEK_SET);
650 lseek(to_fd, 0, SEEK_SET);
652 n1 = read(from_fd, buf1, sizeof(buf1));
656 n2 = read(to_fd, buf2, n1);
658 rv = memcmp(buf1, buf2, n1);
660 rv = 1; /* out of sync */
662 rv = 1; /* read failure */
664 lseek(from_fd, 0, SEEK_SET);
665 lseek(to_fd, 0, SEEK_SET);
668 rv = 1; /* don't bother in this case */
675 * create a temporary file based on path and open it
678 create_tempfile(const char *path, char *temp, size_t tsize)
682 strncpy(temp, path, tsize);
683 temp[tsize - 1] = '\0';
684 if ((p = strrchr(temp, '/')) != NULL)
688 strncpy(p, "INS@XXXX", &temp[tsize - 1] - p);
689 temp[tsize - 1] = '\0';
690 return (mkstemp(temp));
695 * create a new file, overwriting an existing one if necessary
698 create_newfile(const char *path, int target, struct stat *sbp)
700 char backup[MAXPATHLEN];
704 * Unlink now... avoid ETXTBSY errors later. Try to turn
705 * off the append/immutable bits -- if we fail, go ahead,
708 if (sbp->st_flags & NOCHANGEBITS)
709 chflags(path, sbp->st_flags & ~NOCHANGEBITS);
712 if ((size_t)snprintf(backup, MAXPATHLEN, "%s%s",
713 path, suffix) != strlen(path) + strlen(suffix))
714 errx(EX_OSERR, "%s: backup filename too long",
716 snprintf(backup, MAXPATHLEN, "%s%s",
719 printf("install: %s -> %s\n",
721 if (rename(path, backup) < 0)
722 err(EX_OSERR, "rename: %s to %s", path, backup);
727 return (open(path, O_CREAT | O_RDWR | O_TRUNC, S_IRUSR | S_IWUSR));
732 * copy from one file to another
735 copy(int from_fd, const char *from_name, int to_fd,
736 const char *to_name, off_t size)
740 char *p, buf[MAXBSIZE];
743 /* Rewind file descriptors. */
744 if (lseek(from_fd, (off_t)0, SEEK_SET) == (off_t)-1)
745 err(EX_OSERR, "lseek: %s", from_name);
746 if (lseek(to_fd, (off_t)0, SEEK_SET) == (off_t)-1)
747 err(EX_OSERR, "lseek: %s", to_name);
750 * Mmap and write if less than 8M (the limit is so we don't totally
751 * trash memory on big files. This is really a minor hack, but it
752 * wins some CPU back.
755 if (size <= 8 * 1048576 && trymmap(from_fd) &&
756 (p = mmap(NULL, (size_t)size, PROT_READ, MAP_SHARED,
757 from_fd, (off_t)0)) != (char *)MAP_FAILED) {
758 if ((nw = write(to_fd, p, size)) != size) {
761 errno = nw > 0 ? EIO : serrno;
762 err(EX_OSERR, "%s", to_name);
767 while ((nr = read(from_fd, buf, sizeof(buf))) > 0)
768 if ((nw = write(to_fd, buf, nr)) != nr) {
771 errno = nw > 0 ? EIO : serrno;
772 err(EX_OSERR, "%s", to_name);
778 err(EX_OSERR, "%s", from_name);
785 * use strip(1) to strip the target file
788 strip(const char *to_name)
790 const char *stripbin;
798 err(EX_TEMPFAIL, "fork");
800 stripbin = getenv("STRIPBIN");
801 if (stripbin == NULL)
803 execlp(stripbin, stripbin, to_name, NULL);
804 err(EX_OSERR, "exec(%s)", stripbin);
806 if (wait(&status) == -1 || status) {
809 errc(EX_SOFTWARE, serrno, "wait");
817 * build directory hierarchy
820 install_dir(char *path)
827 if (!*p || (p != path && *p == '/')) {
830 if (stat(path, &sb)) {
831 if (errno != ENOENT || mkdir(path, 0755) < 0) {
832 err(EX_OSERR, "mkdir %s", path);
835 printf("install: mkdir %s\n",
837 } else if (!S_ISDIR(sb.st_mode))
838 errx(EX_OSERR, "%s exists but is not a directory", path);
843 if ((gid != (gid_t)-1 || uid != (uid_t)-1) && chown(path, uid, gid))
844 warn("chown %u:%u %s", uid, gid, path);
845 if (chmod(path, mode))
846 warn("chmod %o %s", mode, path);
851 * print a usage message and die
857 usage: install [-bCcpSsv] [-B suffix] [-D dest] [-f flags] [-g group] [-m mode]\n\
858 [-o owner] file1 file2\n\
859 install [-bCcpSsv] [-B suffix] [-D dest] [-f flags] [-g group] [-m mode]\n\
860 [-o owner] file1 ... fileN directory\n\
861 install -d [-v] [-D dest] [-g group] [-m mode] [-o owner] directory ...\n");
868 * return true (1) if mmap should be tried, false (0) if not.
874 * The ifdef is for bootstrapping - f_fstypename doesn't exist in
875 * pre-Lite2-merge systems.
880 if (nommap || fstatfs(fd, &stfs) != 0)
882 if (strcmp(stfs.f_fstypename, "ufs") == 0 ||
883 strcmp(stfs.f_fstypename, "cd9660") == 0)