1 .\" Copyright (c) 1997, 1998 Nick Hibma <n_hibma@FreeBSD.org>
2 .\" Copyright (c) 2008 Hans Petter Selasky. All rights reserved.
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25 .\" $FreeBSD: head/share/man/man4/usb.4 258618 2013-11-26 07:52:40Z lwhsu $
32 .Nd Universal Serial Bus
34 To compile this driver into the kernel,
35 place the following line in your
36 kernel configuration file:
37 .Bd -ragged -offset indent
41 Alternatively, to load the driver as a
42 module at boot time, place the following line in
44 .Bd -literal -offset indent
47 .Sh USERLAND PROGRAMMING
48 USB functions can be accessed from userland through the libusb library.
54 provides machine-independent bus support and drivers for
56 devices in host and device side mode.
60 driver has three layers:
61 .Bl -tag -width 6n -offset indent
62 .It USB Controller (Bus)
67 The controller attaches to a physical bus
72 bus attaches to the controller, and the root hub attaches
74 Any devices attached to the bus will attach to the root hub
75 or another hub attached to the
81 device will always be present as it is needed for the
85 provides support for the following devices.
87 .Bl -tag -width ".Xr snd_uaudio 4" -offset indent -compact
91 Mass Storage Devices, e.g., external disk drives
93 Diamond Rio 500 MP3 player
95 Mass storage driver for device-side mode
97 .Ss Wired network interfaces
98 .Bl -tag -width ".Xr snd_uaudio 4" -offset indent -compact
100 ADMtek AN986 Pegasus Ethernet driver
102 ASIX Electronics AX88x7x/760 USB Ethernet driver
104 ASIX Electronics AX88178A/AX88179 USB Gigabit Ethernet driver
106 CATC USB-EL1210A Ethernet driver
108 USB Apple iPhone/iPad tethered Ethernet driver
110 Kawasaki LSI KL5KUSB101B Ethernet driver
112 Moschip MCS7730/MCS7830/MCS7832 USB Ethernet driver
114 .\"RealTek RTL8150 Ethernet driver
116 Davicom DM9601 USB Ethernet driver
118 .Ss Wireless network interfaces
119 .Bl -tag -width ".Xr snd_uaudio 4" -offset indent -compact
121 NDIS miniport driver wrapper
123 Ralink Technology RT2501USB/RT2601USB IEEE 802.11 driver
125 Ralink Technology RT2700U/RT2800U/RT3000U IEEE 802.11 driver
127 .\"Bluetooth adapters
129 .\"Ralink Technology RT2500USB IEEE 802.11 driver
131 RNDIS USB ethernet driver
133 Realtek RTL8188CU/RTL8192CU IEEE 802.11 driver
135 .Ss Serial and parallel interfaces
136 .Bl -tag -width ".Xr snd_uaudio 4" -offset indent -compact
138 support for 3G datacards
140 Arkmicro Technologies ARK3116 based serial adapters
142 Belkin serial adapters
144 support for BWCT console serial adapters
146 WinChipHead CH341/CH340 serial adapters
150 Cypress CY7C63743 and CY7C64013 USB to RS232 bridges
154 serial devices based on the FTDI chips
156 generic serial device
158 support for iPAQ units
162 serial adapters based on the MCS7820 and MCS7840 chips
164 Magic Control Technology USB-232 based serial adapters
168 serial adapters based on the MCS7703 chip
170 Prolific PL-2303/2303X/2303HX serial adapters
172 Silicon Laboratories CP2101, CP2102 and CP2103 USB to serial bridge
174 support for the Handspring Visor, a Palmpilot compatible PDA
176 SUNTAC Slipper U VS-10U serial adapters
179 .\".Bl -tag -width ".Xr snd_uaudio 4" -offset indent -compact
180 .\".It Xr snd_uaudio 4
181 .\"audio device driver
183 .\"driver for the Rio500 MP3 player
185 .Ss Radio receiver devices
186 .Bl -tag -width ".Xr snd_uaudio 4" -offset indent -compact
188 Cypress Semiconductor FM Radio
190 .Ss Human Interface Devices
191 .Bl -tag -width ".Xr snd_uaudio 4" -offset indent -compact
193 eGalax touchscreen driver
195 generic driver for Human Interface Devices
197 keyboards that follow the boot protocol
201 .Sh INTRODUCTION TO USB
204 is a system where external devices can be connected to a PC.
205 The most common USB speeds are:
206 .Bl -tag -width 6n -offset indent
207 .It Low Speed (1.5MBit/sec)
208 .It Full Speed (12MBit/sec)
209 .It High Speed (480MBit/sec)
214 has a USB controller that is the master of the bus.
215 The physical communication is simplex which means the host controller only communicates with one USB device at a time.
217 There can be up to 127 devices connected to an USB HUB tree.
218 The addresses are assigned
219 dynamically by the host when each device is attached to the bus.
221 Within each device there can be up to 16 endpoints.
223 is individually addressed and the addresses are static.
224 Each of these endpoints will communicate in one of four different modes:
225 .Em control , isochronous , bulk ,
228 A device always has at least one endpoint.
229 This endpoint has address 0 and is a control
230 endpoint and is used to give commands to and extract basic data,
231 such as descriptors, from the device.
232 Each endpoint, except the control endpoint, is unidirectional.
234 The endpoints in a device are grouped into interfaces.
235 An interface is a logical unit within a device; e.g.\&
236 a compound device with both a keyboard and a trackball would present
237 one interface for each.
238 An interface can sometimes be set into different modes,
239 called alternate settings, which affects how it operates.
240 Different alternate settings can have different endpoints
243 A device may operate in different configurations.
245 configuration, the device may present different sets of endpoints
248 The bus enumeration of the
250 bus proceeds in several steps:
253 Any interface specific driver can attach to the device.
255 If none is found, generic interface class drivers can attach.
260 specifications can be found at:
262 .D1 Pa http://www.usb.org/developers/docs/
316 module complies with the USB 2.0 standard.
320 module has been inspired by the
322 USB stack initially written by Lennart Augustsson.
325 module was written by
326 .An Hans Petter Selasky Aq Mt hselasky@FreeBSD.org .