2 * Copyright (c) 1990, 1993, 1994
3 * The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.
5 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
6 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
8 * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
9 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
10 * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
11 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
12 * documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
13 * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
14 * must display the following acknowledgement:
15 * This product includes software developed by the University of
16 * California, Berkeley and its contributors.
17 * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
18 * may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
19 * without specific prior written permission.
21 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
22 * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
23 * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
24 * ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
25 * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
26 * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
27 * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
28 * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
29 * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
30 * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
33 * @(#) Copyright (c) 1990, 1993, 1994 The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.
34 * @(#)ps.c 8.4 (Berkeley) 4/2/94
35 * $FreeBSD: src/bin/ps/ps.c,v 1.30.2.6 2002/07/04 08:30:37 sobomax Exp $
36 * $DragonFly: src/bin/ps/ps.c,v 1.25 2008/01/10 14:18:39 matthias Exp $
40 #include <sys/param.h>
42 #include <sys/queue.h>
43 #include <sys/resource.h>
45 #include <sys/ioctl.h>
46 #include <sys/sysctl.h>
47 #include <sys/mount.h>
67 #define SEP ", \t" /* username separators */
70 #define KHMASK (KHSIZE - 1)
74 struct varent *vhead, *vtail;
76 int eval; /* exit value */
79 int sumrusage; /* -S */
80 int termwidth; /* width of screen (0 == infinity) */
81 int totwidth; /* calculated width of requested variables */
82 int numcpus; /* hw.ncpu */
84 static int needuser, needcomm, needenv;
86 static int forceuread=0;
87 #define PS_ARGS "aCcefgHhjLlM:mN:O:o:p:rRSTt:U:uvwx"
89 static int forceuread=1;
90 #define PS_ARGS "aCcegHhjLlM:mN:O:o:p:rRSTt:U:uvwx"
93 enum sort { DEFAULT, SORTMEM, SORTCPU } sortby = DEFAULT;
95 static const char *getfmt (char **(*)(kvm_t *, const struct kinfo_proc *, int),
96 KINFO *, char *, int);
97 static char *kludge_oldps_options (char *);
98 static int pscomp (const void *, const void *);
99 static void dochain (KINFO **ksort, int nentries);
100 static void saveuser (KINFO *);
101 static void scanvars (void);
102 static void dynsizevars (KINFO *);
103 static void sizevars (void);
104 static int check_procfs(void);
105 static void usage (void);
106 static uid_t *getuids(const char *, int *);
108 struct timeval btime;
110 static char dfmt[] = "pid tt state time command";
111 static char jfmt[] = "user pid ppid pgid sess jobc state tt time command";
112 static char lfmt[] = "uid pid ppid cpu pri nice vsz rss wchan state tt time command";
113 static char o1[] = "pid";
114 static char o2[] = "tt state time command";
115 static char ufmt[] = "user pid %cpu %mem vsz rss tt state start time command";
116 static char vfmt[] = "pid state time sl re pagein vsz rss lim tsiz %cpu %mem command";
121 main(int argc, char **argv)
123 struct kinfo_proc *kp;
129 int all, ch, flag, i, fmt, ofmt, lineno, nentries, nocludge, dropgid;
130 int prtheader, wflag, what, xflg, uid, nuids, showtid;
132 char errbuf[_POSIX2_LINE_MAX];
133 const char *cp, *nlistf, *memf;
134 size_t btime_size = sizeof(struct timeval);
135 size_t numcpus_size = sizeof(numcpus);
137 setlocale(LC_ALL, "");
139 if ((ioctl(STDOUT_FILENO, TIOCGWINSZ, (char *)&ws) == -1 &&
140 ioctl(STDERR_FILENO, TIOCGWINSZ, (char *)&ws) == -1 &&
141 ioctl(STDIN_FILENO, TIOCGWINSZ, (char *)&ws) == -1) ||
145 termwidth = ws.ws_col - 1;
148 * Don't apply a kludge if the first argument is an option taking an
153 if (argv[1][0] == '-') {
154 for (cp = PS_ARGS; *cp != '\0'; cp++) {
157 if (*(cp - 1) == argv[1][1]) {
164 argv[1] = kludge_oldps_options(argv[1]);
167 all = fmt = ofmt = prtheader = wflag = xflg = showtid = 0;
174 memf = nlistf = _PATH_DEVNULL;
176 while ((ch = getopt(argc, argv, PS_ARGS)) != -1)
187 case 'e': /* XXX set ufmt */
193 showtid = KERN_PROC_FLAG_LWP;
196 prtheader = ws.ws_row > 5 ? ws.ws_row : 22;
226 o1[0] = o2[0] = '\0';
235 if (getuid() == 0 || getgid() == 0)
253 if ((optarg = ttyname(STDIN_FILENO)) == NULL)
254 errx(1, "stdin: not a terminal");
258 char pathbuf[PATH_MAX];
261 if (strcmp(optarg, "co") == 0) {
262 ttypath = _PATH_CONSOLE;
263 } else if (*optarg >= '0' && *optarg <= '9') {
264 snprintf(pathbuf, sizeof(pathbuf),
265 "%spts/%s", _PATH_DEV, optarg);
267 } else if (*optarg != '/') {
268 snprintf(pathbuf, sizeof(pathbuf),
269 "%s%s", _PATH_TTY, optarg);
274 if (stat(ttypath, &sb) == -1)
275 err(1, "%s", ttypath);
276 if (!S_ISCHR(sb.st_mode))
277 errx(1, "%s: not a terminal", ttypath);
282 uids = getuids(optarg, &nuids);
283 xflg++; /* XXX: intuitive? */
299 termwidth = UNLIMITED;
300 else if (termwidth < 131)
315 * If the user specified ps -e then they want a copy of the process
316 * environment kvm_getenvv(3) attempts to open /proc/<pid>/mem.
317 * Check to make sure that procfs is mounted on /proc, otherwise
318 * print a warning informing the user that output will be incomplete.
320 if (needenv == 1 && check_procfs() == 0)
321 warnx("Process environment requires procfs(5)");
323 #define BACKWARD_COMPATIBILITY
324 #ifdef BACKWARD_COMPATIBILITY
333 * Discard setgid privileges if not the running kernel so that bad
334 * guys can't print interesting stuff from kernel memory.
341 kd = kvm_openfiles(nlistf, memf, NULL, O_RDONLY, errbuf);
343 errx(1, "%s", errbuf);
349 * Add TID to output format if requested unless user-specific format
352 if (showtid && !ofmt)
355 /* XXX - should be cleaner */
356 if (!all && ttydev == NODEV && pid == -1 && !nuids) {
357 if ((uids = malloc(sizeof (*uids))) == NULL)
358 errx(1, "malloc: %s", strerror(errno));
364 * scan requested variables, noting what structures are needed,
365 * and adjusting header widths as appropriate.
372 if (sysctlbyname("kern.boottime", &btime, &btime_size, NULL, 0) < 0) {
373 perror("sysctl: kern.boottime");
380 if (sysctlbyname("hw.ncpu", &numcpus, &numcpus_size, NULL, 0) < 0)
387 what = KERN_PROC_UID;
389 } else if (ttydev != NODEV) {
390 what = KERN_PROC_TTY;
392 } else if (pid != -1) {
393 what = KERN_PROC_PID;
396 what = KERN_PROC_ALL;
404 if ((kp = kvm_getprocs(kd, what, flag, &nentries)) == NULL)
405 errx(1, "%s", kvm_geterr(kd));
406 if ((KInfo = calloc(nentries, sizeof(KINFO))) == NULL)
408 if ((KSort = malloc(nentries * sizeof(KINFO *))) == NULL)
411 for (i = 0; i < nentries; ++i) {
412 KInfo[i].ki_proc = &kp[i];
413 KInfo[i].ki_indent = -1;
414 KInfo[i].ki_ctailp = &KInfo[i].ki_cbase;
417 dynsizevars(&KInfo[i]);
418 KSort[i] = &KInfo[i];
432 qsort(KSort, nentries, sizeof(KINFO *), pscomp);
435 * rejigger and indent children, parent(s) and children
436 * at each level retain the above sort characteristics.
439 dochain(KSort, nentries);
442 * for each proc, call each variable output function.
444 for (i = lineno = 0; i < nentries; i++) {
445 if (xflg == 0 && (KI_PROC(KSort[i], tdev) == NODEV ||
446 (KI_PROC(KSort[i], flags) & P_CONTROLT ) == 0))
449 for (uid = 0; uid < nuids; uid++)
450 if (KI_PROC(KSort[i], uid) ==
456 STAILQ_FOREACH(vent, &var_head, link) {
457 (vent->var->oproc)(KSort[i], vent);
458 if (STAILQ_NEXT(vent, link) != NULL)
462 if (prtheader && lineno++ == prtheader - 4) {
474 getuids(const char *arg, int *nuids)
476 char name[UT_NAMESIZE + 1];
478 uid_t *uids, *moreuids;
486 for (; (l = strcspn(arg, SEP)) > 0; arg += l + strspn(arg + l, SEP)) {
487 if (l >= sizeof name) {
488 warnx("%.*s: name too long", (int)l, arg);
491 strncpy(name, arg, l);
493 if ((pwd = getpwnam(name)) == NULL) {
494 warnx("%s: no such user", name);
497 if (*nuids >= alloc) {
498 alloc = (alloc + 1) << 1;
499 moreuids = realloc(uids, alloc * sizeof (*uids));
500 if (moreuids == NULL) {
502 errx(1, "realloc: %s", strerror(errno));
506 uids[(*nuids)++] = pwd->pw_uid;
511 errx(1, "No users specified");
522 STAILQ_FOREACH(vent, &var_head, link) {
524 if (v->flag & DSIZ) {
525 vent->dwidth = vent->width;
536 dynsizevars(KINFO *ki)
542 STAILQ_FOREACH(vent, &var_head, link) {
544 if (!(v->flag & DSIZ))
549 if (vent->width > vent->dwidth)
550 vent->width = vent->dwidth;
560 STAILQ_FOREACH(vent, &var_head, link) {
561 i = strlen(vent->header);
564 totwidth += vent->width + 1; /* +1 for space */
570 getfmt(char **(*fn) (kvm_t *, const struct kinfo_proc *, int), KINFO *ki, char
576 fmt_argv((*fn)(kd, ki->ki_proc, termwidth), comm, maxlen)) == NULL)
585 * save arguments if needed
588 ki->ki_args = getfmt(kvm_getargv, ki, KI_PROC(ki, comm),
594 ki->ki_env = getfmt(kvm_getenvv, ki, NULL, 0);
601 pscomp(const void *arg_a, const void *arg_b)
603 const KINFO *a = *(KINFO * const *)arg_a;
604 const KINFO *b = *(KINFO * const *)arg_b;
609 #define VSIZE(k) (KI_PROC(k, vm_dsize) + KI_PROC(k, vm_ssize) + \
610 KI_PROC(k, vm_tsize))
613 if (sortby == SORTIAC)
614 return (KI_PROC(a)->p_usdata.bsd4.interactive - KI_PROC(b)->p_usdata.bsd4.interactive);
616 if (sortby == SORTCPU) {
617 di = getpcpu(b) - getpcpu(a);
624 if (sortby == SORTMEM) {
625 si = VSIZE(b) - VSIZE(a);
632 i = KI_PROC(a, tdev) - KI_PROC(b, tdev);
634 i = KI_PROC(a, pid) - KI_PROC(b, pid);
639 * Chain (-R) option. Sub-sorts by parent/child association.
641 static int dochain_final(KINFO **kfinal, KINFO *base, int j);
644 dochain (KINFO **ksort, int nentries)
655 * First hash all the pids so we can quickly locate the
658 khash = calloc(KHSIZE, sizeof(KINFO *));
659 kfinal = calloc(nentries, sizeof(KINFO *));
661 for (i = 0; i < nentries; ++i) {
662 hi = KI_PROC(ksort[i], pid) & KHMASK;
664 ksort[i]->ki_hnext = khash[hi];
665 khash[hi] = ksort[i];
669 * Now run through the list and create the parent associations.
671 for (i = 0; i < nentries; ++i) {
672 ppid = KI_PROC(ksort[i], ppid);
674 if (ppid <= 0 || KI_PROC(ksort[i], pid) <= 0) {
677 for (scan = khash[ppid & KHMASK];
679 scan = scan->ki_hnext) {
680 if (ppid == KI_PROC(scan, pid))
685 ksort[i]->ki_parent = scan;
686 *scan->ki_ctailp = ksort[i];
687 scan->ki_ctailp = &ksort[i]->ki_cnext;
692 * Now regenerate the list starting at root entries, then copyback.
694 for (i = j = 0; i < nentries; ++i) {
695 if (ksort[i]->ki_parent == NULL) {
696 ksort[i]->ki_indent = 0;
697 j = dochain_final(kfinal, ksort[i], j);
701 errx(1, "dochain failed");
703 bcopy(kfinal, ksort, nentries * sizeof(kfinal[0]));
709 dochain_final(KINFO **kfinal, KINFO *base, int j)
714 for (scan = base->ki_cbase; scan; scan = scan->ki_cnext) {
718 if (scan->ki_indent >= 0)
720 scan->ki_indent = base->ki_indent + 1;
721 j = dochain_final(kfinal, scan, j);
727 * ICK (all for getopt), would rather hide the ugliness
728 * here than taint the main code.
733 * The old convention that 't' with no trailing tty arg means the users
734 * tty, is only supported if argv[1] doesn't begin with a '-'. This same
735 * feature is available with the option 'T', which takes no argument.
738 kludge_oldps_options(char *s)
741 char *newopts, *ns, *cp;
744 if ((newopts = ns = malloc(len + 2)) == NULL)
747 * options begin with '-'
750 *ns++ = '-'; /* add option flag */
752 * gaze to end of argv[1]
756 * if last letter is a 't' flag with no argument (in the context
757 * of the oldps options -- option string NOT starting with a '-' --
758 * then convert to 'T' (meaning *this* terminal, i.e. ttyname(0)).
760 * However, if a flag accepting a string argument is found in the
761 * option string, the remainder of the string is the argument to
762 * that flag; do not modify that argument.
764 if (strcspn(s, "MNOoU") == len && *cp == 't' && *s != '-')
768 * otherwise check for trailing number, which *may* be a
771 while (cp >= s && isdigit(*cp))
775 memmove(ns, s, (size_t)(cp - s)); /* copy up to trailing number */
778 * if there's a trailing number, and not a preceding 'p' (pid) or
779 * 't' (tty) flag, then assume it's a pid and insert a 'p' flag.
782 (cp == s || (cp[-1] != 't' && cp[-1] != 'p')) &&
783 (cp - 1 == s || cp[-2] != 't'))
785 strcpy(ns, cp); /* and append the number */
795 if (statfs("/proc", &mnt) < 0)
797 if (strcmp(mnt.f_fstypename, "procfs") != 0)
806 fprintf(stderr, "%s\n%s\n%s\n",
807 "usage: ps [-aCcefhHjlmrSTuvwx] [-M core] [-N system] [-O fmt] [-o fmt] [-p pid]",
808 " [-t tty] [-U username]",