2 * Copyright (c) 1991, 1993
3 * The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.
5 * This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by
6 * Donn Seeley at Berkeley Software Design, Inc.
8 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
9 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
11 * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
12 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
13 * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
14 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
15 * documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
16 * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
17 * must display the following acknowledgement:
18 * This product includes software developed by the University of
19 * California, Berkeley and its contributors.
20 * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
21 * may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
22 * without specific prior written permission.
24 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
25 * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
26 * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
27 * ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
28 * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
29 * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
30 * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
31 * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
32 * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
33 * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
36 * @(#) Copyright (c) 1991, 1993 The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.
37 * @(#)init.c 8.1 (Berkeley) 7/15/93
38 * $FreeBSD: src/sbin/init/init.c,v 1.38.2.8 2001/10/22 11:27:32 des Exp $
39 * $DragonFly: src/sbin/init/init.c,v 1.10 2007/11/25 18:10:07 swildner Exp $
42 #include <sys/param.h>
43 #include <sys/ioctl.h>
44 #include <sys/mount.h>
45 #include <sys/sysctl.h>
63 #include <sys/reboot.h>
77 #include <login_cap.h>
80 #include "pathnames.h"
83 * Sleep times; used to prevent thrashing.
85 #define GETTY_SPACING 5 /* N secs minimum getty spacing */
86 #define GETTY_SLEEP 30 /* sleep N secs after spacing problem */
87 #define GETTY_NSPACE 3 /* max. spacing count to bring reaction */
88 #define WINDOW_WAIT 3 /* wait N secs after starting window */
89 #define STALL_TIMEOUT 30 /* wait N secs after warning */
90 #define DEATH_WATCH 10 /* wait N secs for procs to die */
91 #define DEATH_SCRIPT 120 /* wait for 2min for /etc/rc.shutdown */
92 #define RESOURCE_RC "daemon"
93 #define RESOURCE_WINDOW "default"
94 #define RESOURCE_GETTY "default"
97 * We really need a recursive typedef...
98 * The following at least guarantees that the return type of (*state_t)()
99 * is sufficiently wide to hold a function pointer.
101 typedef long (*state_func_t)(void);
102 typedef state_func_t (*state_t)(void);
104 enum { AUTOBOOT, FASTBOOT } runcom_mode = AUTOBOOT;
108 static void setctty(const char *);
110 typedef struct init_session {
111 int se_index; /* index of entry in ttys file */
112 pid_t se_process; /* controlling process */
113 struct timeval se_started; /* used to avoid thrashing */
114 int se_flags; /* status of session */
115 #define SE_SHUTDOWN 0x1 /* session won't be restarted */
116 #define SE_PRESENT 0x2 /* session is in /etc/ttys */
117 int se_nspace; /* spacing count */
118 char *se_device; /* filename of port */
119 char *se_getty; /* what to run on that port */
120 char *se_getty_argv_space; /* pre-parsed argument array space */
121 char **se_getty_argv; /* pre-parsed argument array */
122 char *se_window; /* window system (started only once) */
123 char *se_window_argv_space; /* pre-parsed argument array space */
124 char **se_window_argv; /* pre-parsed argument array */
125 char *se_type; /* default terminal type */
126 struct init_session *se_prev;
127 struct init_session *se_next;
130 static void handle(sig_t, ...);
131 static void delset(sigset_t *, ...);
133 static void stall(const char *, ...);
134 static void warning(const char *, ...);
135 static void emergency(const char *, ...);
136 static void disaster(int);
137 static void badsys(int);
138 static int runshutdown(void);
139 static char *strk(char *);
142 #define SINGLE_USER 's'
144 #define READ_TTYS 't'
145 #define MULTI_USER 'm'
146 #define CLEAN_TTYS 'T'
147 #define CATATONIA 'c'
149 static state_func_t single_user(void);
150 static state_func_t runcom(void);
151 static state_func_t read_ttys(void);
152 static state_func_t multi_user(void);
153 static state_func_t clean_ttys(void);
154 static state_func_t catatonia(void);
155 static state_func_t death(void);
157 static void transition(state_t);
159 static void free_session(session_t *);
160 static session_t *new_session(session_t *, int, struct ttyent *);
162 static char **construct_argv(char *);
163 static void start_window_system(session_t *);
164 static void collect_child(pid_t);
165 static pid_t start_getty(session_t *);
166 static void transition_handler(int);
167 static void alrm_handler(int);
168 static void setsecuritylevel(int);
169 static int getsecuritylevel(void);
170 static char *get_chroot(void);
171 static int setupargv(session_t *, struct ttyent *);
173 static void setprocresources(const char *);
176 static void clear_session_logs(session_t *);
178 static int start_session_db(void);
179 static void add_session(session_t *);
180 static void del_session(session_t *);
181 static session_t *find_session(pid_t);
184 static struct timeval boot_time;
185 state_t current_state = death;
186 static void session_utmpx(const session_t *, int);
187 static void make_utmpx(const char *, const char *, int, pid_t,
188 const struct timeval *, int);
189 static char get_runlevel(const state_t);
190 static void utmpx_set_runlevel(char, char);
193 static int Reboot = FALSE;
194 static int howto = RB_AUTOBOOT;
196 static DB *session_db;
197 static volatile sig_atomic_t clang;
198 static session_t *sessions;
199 state_t requested_transition = runcom;
203 * The mother of all processes.
206 main(int argc, char **argv)
215 (void)gettimeofday(&boot_time, NULL);
216 #endif /* SUPPORT_UTMPX */
218 /* Dispose of random users. */
220 errx(1, "%s", strerror(EPERM));
222 /* System V users like to reexec init. */
224 #ifdef COMPAT_SYSV_INIT
225 /* So give them what they want */
227 if (strlen(argv[1]) == 1) {
228 char runlevel = *argv[1];
232 case '0': /* halt + poweroff */
235 case '1': /* single-user */
238 case '6': /* reboot */
241 case 'c': /* block further logins */
244 case 'q': /* rescan /etc/ttys */
254 errx(1, "invalid run-level ``%s''", argv[1]);
257 errx(1, "already running");
260 * Note that this does NOT open a file...
261 * Does 'init' deserve its own facility number?
263 openlog("init", LOG_CONS|LOG_ODELAY, LOG_AUTH);
266 * If chroot has been requested by the boot loader,
267 * do it now. Try to be robust: If the directory
268 * doesn't exist, continue anyway.
270 init_chroot = get_chroot();
271 if (init_chroot != NULL) {
272 if (chdir(init_chroot) == -1 || chroot(".") == -1)
273 warning("can't chroot to %s: %m", init_chroot);
278 * Create an initial session.
281 warning("initial setsid() failed: %m");
284 * Establish an initial user so that programs running
285 * single user do not freak out and die (like passwd).
287 if (setlogin("root") < 0)
288 warning("setlogin() failed: %m");
290 if (stat("/dev/null", &sts) < 0) {
291 warning("/dev MAY BE CORRUPT! /dev/null is missing!\n");
296 * This code assumes that we always get arguments through flags,
297 * never through bits set in some random machine register.
299 while ((c = getopt(argc, argv, "dsf")) != -1)
302 /* We don't support DEVFS. */
305 requested_transition = single_user;
308 runcom_mode = FASTBOOT;
311 warning("unrecognized flag '-%c'", c);
316 warning("ignoring excess arguments");
319 * We catch or block signals rather than ignore them,
320 * so that they get reset on exec.
322 handle(badsys, SIGSYS, 0);
323 handle(disaster, SIGABRT, SIGFPE, SIGILL, SIGSEGV,
324 SIGBUS, SIGXCPU, SIGXFSZ, 0);
325 handle(transition_handler, SIGHUP, SIGINT, SIGTERM, SIGTSTP,
326 SIGUSR1, SIGUSR2, 0);
327 handle(alrm_handler, SIGALRM, 0);
329 delset(&mask, SIGABRT, SIGFPE, SIGILL, SIGSEGV, SIGBUS, SIGSYS,
330 SIGXCPU, SIGXFSZ, SIGHUP, SIGINT, SIGTERM, SIGTSTP, SIGALRM,
331 SIGUSR1, SIGUSR2, 0);
332 sigprocmask(SIG_SETMASK, &mask, NULL);
333 sigemptyset(&sa.sa_mask);
335 sa.sa_handler = SIG_IGN;
336 sigaction(SIGTTIN, &sa, NULL);
337 sigaction(SIGTTOU, &sa, NULL);
347 * Start the state machine.
349 transition(requested_transition);
352 * Should never reach here.
358 * Associate a function with a signal handler.
361 handle(sig_t handler, ...)
365 sigset_t mask_everything;
368 va_start(ap, handler);
370 sa.sa_handler = handler;
371 sigfillset(&mask_everything);
373 while ((sig = va_arg(ap, int)) != 0) {
374 sa.sa_mask = mask_everything;
375 /* XXX SA_RESTART? */
376 sa.sa_flags = sig == SIGCHLD ? SA_NOCLDSTOP : 0;
377 sigaction(sig, &sa, NULL);
383 * Delete a set of signals from a mask.
386 delset(sigset_t *maskp, ...)
393 while ((sig = va_arg(ap, int)) != 0)
394 sigdelset(maskp, sig);
399 * Log a message and sleep for a while (to give someone an opportunity
400 * to read it and to save log or hardcopy output if the problem is chronic).
401 * NB: should send a message to the session logger to avoid blocking.
404 stall(const char *message, ...)
408 va_start(ap, message);
410 vsyslog(LOG_ALERT, message, ap);
412 sleep(STALL_TIMEOUT);
416 * Like stall(), but doesn't sleep.
417 * If cpp had variadic macros, the two functions could be #defines for another.
418 * NB: should send a message to the session logger to avoid blocking.
421 warning(const char *message, ...)
425 va_start(ap, message);
427 vsyslog(LOG_ALERT, message, ap);
432 * Log an emergency message.
433 * NB: should send a message to the session logger to avoid blocking.
436 emergency(const char *message, ...)
440 va_start(ap, message);
442 vsyslog(LOG_EMERG, message, ap);
447 * Catch a SIGSYS signal.
449 * These may arise if a system does not support sysctl.
450 * We tolerate up to 25 of these, then throw in the towel.
455 static int badcount = 0;
463 * Catch an unexpected signal.
468 emergency("fatal signal: %s",
469 (unsigned)sig < NSIG ? sys_siglist[sig] : "unknown signal");
471 sleep(STALL_TIMEOUT);
472 _exit(sig); /* reboot */
476 * Get the security level of the kernel.
479 getsecuritylevel(void)
481 #ifdef KERN_SECURELVL
482 int name[2], curlevel;
486 name[1] = KERN_SECURELVL;
487 len = sizeof curlevel;
488 if (sysctl(name, 2, &curlevel, &len, NULL, 0) == -1) {
489 emergency("cannot get kernel security level: %s",
500 * Get the value of the "init_chroot" variable from the
501 * kernel environment (or NULL if not set).
507 static const char ichname[] = "init_chroot="; /* includes '=' */
508 const int ichlen = strlen(ichname);
509 int real_oid[CTL_MAXNAME];
515 oidlen = __arysize(real_oid);
516 if (sysctlnametomib("kern.environment", real_oid, &oidlen)) {
517 warning("cannot find kern.environment base sysctl OID");
520 if (oidlen + 1 >= __arysize(real_oid)) {
521 warning("kern.environment OID is too large!");
525 real_oid[oidlen] = 0;
528 real_oid[oidlen + 1] = i;
530 if (sysctl(real_oid, oidlen + 2, sbuf, &slen, NULL, 0) < 0) {
532 warning("sysctl kern.environment.%d: %m", i);
537 * slen includes the terminating \0, but do a few sanity
543 if (strncmp(sbuf, ichname, ichlen) != 0)
546 res = strdup(sbuf + ichlen);
553 * Set the security level of the kernel.
556 setsecuritylevel(int newlevel)
558 #ifdef KERN_SECURELVL
559 int name[2], curlevel;
561 curlevel = getsecuritylevel();
562 if (newlevel == curlevel)
565 name[1] = KERN_SECURELVL;
566 if (sysctl(name, 2, NULL, NULL, &newlevel, sizeof newlevel) == -1) {
568 "cannot change kernel security level from %d to %d: %s",
569 curlevel, newlevel, strerror(errno));
573 warning("kernel security level changed from %d to %d",
580 * Change states in the finite state machine.
581 * The initial state is passed as an argument.
584 transition(state_t s)
588 utmpx_set_runlevel(get_runlevel(current_state),
592 s = (state_t) (*s)();
597 * Close out the accounting files for a login session.
598 * NB: should send a message to the session logger to avoid blocking.
601 clear_session_logs(session_t *sp)
603 char *line = sp->se_device + sizeof(_PATH_DEV) - 1;
606 if (logoutx(line, 0, DEAD_PROCESS))
607 logwtmpx(line, "", "", 0, DEAD_PROCESS);
610 logwtmp(line, "", "");
614 * Start a session and allocate a controlling terminal.
615 * Only called by children of init after forking.
618 setctty(const char *name)
623 if ((fd = open(name, O_RDWR)) == -1) {
624 stall("can't open %s: %m", name);
627 if (login_tty(fd) == -1) {
628 stall("can't get %s for controlling terminal: %m", name);
634 * Bring the system up single user.
642 const char *shell = _PATH_BSHELL;
647 static const char banner[] =
648 "Enter root password, or ^D to go multi-user\n";
649 char *clear, *password;
656 /* Instead of going single user, let's reboot the machine */
664 if ((pid = fork()) == 0) {
666 * Start the single user session.
668 setctty(_PATH_CONSOLE);
672 * Check the root password.
673 * We don't care if the console is 'on' by default;
674 * it's the only tty that can be 'off' and 'secure'.
676 typ = getttynam("console");
677 pp = getpwnam("root");
678 if (typ && (typ->ty_status & TTY_SECURE) == 0 &&
679 pp && *pp->pw_passwd) {
680 write(2, banner, sizeof banner - 1);
682 clear = getpass("Password:");
683 if (clear == 0 || *clear == '\0')
685 password = crypt(clear, pp->pw_passwd);
686 bzero(clear, _PASSWORD_LEN);
687 if (strcmp(password, pp->pw_passwd) == 0)
689 warning("single-user login failed\n");
702 "Enter full pathname of shell or RETURN for " _PATH_BSHELL ": "
703 write(STDERR_FILENO, SHREQUEST, sizeof(SHREQUEST) - 1);
704 while ((num = read(STDIN_FILENO, cp, 1)) != -1 &&
705 num != 0 && *cp != '\n' && cp < &altshell[127])
708 if (altshell[0] != '\0')
711 #endif /* DEBUGSHELL */
715 * We catch all the interesting ones,
716 * and those are reset to SIG_DFL on exec.
719 sigprocmask(SIG_SETMASK, &mask, NULL);
723 * If the default one doesn't work, try the Bourne shell.
727 execv(shell, __DECONST(char **, argv));
728 emergency("can't exec %s for single user: %m", shell);
729 execv(_PATH_BSHELL, __DECONST(char **, argv));
730 emergency("can't exec %s for single user: %m", _PATH_BSHELL);
731 sleep(STALL_TIMEOUT);
737 * We are seriously hosed. Do our best.
739 emergency("can't fork single-user shell, trying again");
740 while (waitpid(-1, NULL, WNOHANG) > 0)
742 return (state_func_t) single_user;
745 requested_transition = 0;
747 if ((wpid = waitpid(-1, &status, WUNTRACED)) != -1)
752 warning("wait for single-user shell failed: %m; restarting");
753 return (state_func_t) single_user;
755 if (wpid == pid && WIFSTOPPED(status)) {
756 warning("init: shell stopped, restarting\n");
760 } while (wpid != pid && !requested_transition);
762 if (requested_transition)
763 return (state_func_t) requested_transition;
765 if (!WIFEXITED(status)) {
766 if (WTERMSIG(status) == SIGKILL) {
768 * reboot(8) killed shell?
770 warning("single user shell terminated.");
771 sleep(STALL_TIMEOUT);
774 warning("single user shell terminated, restarting");
775 return (state_func_t) single_user;
779 runcom_mode = FASTBOOT;
780 return (state_func_t) runcom;
784 * Run the system startup script.
794 if ((pid = fork()) == 0) {
795 sigemptyset(&sa.sa_mask);
797 sa.sa_handler = SIG_IGN;
798 sigaction(SIGTSTP, &sa, NULL);
799 sigaction(SIGHUP, &sa, NULL);
801 setctty(_PATH_CONSOLE);
804 argv[1] = _PATH_RUNCOM;
805 argv[2] = runcom_mode == AUTOBOOT ? "autoboot" : 0;
808 sigprocmask(SIG_SETMASK, &sa.sa_mask, NULL);
811 setprocresources(RESOURCE_RC);
813 execv(_PATH_BSHELL, __DECONST(char **, argv));
814 stall("can't exec %s for %s: %m", _PATH_BSHELL, _PATH_RUNCOM);
815 _exit(1); /* force single user mode */
819 emergency("can't fork for %s on %s: %m",
820 _PATH_BSHELL, _PATH_RUNCOM);
821 while (waitpid(-1, NULL, WNOHANG) > 0)
823 sleep(STALL_TIMEOUT);
824 return (state_func_t) single_user;
828 * Copied from single_user(). This is a bit paranoid.
830 requested_transition = 0;
832 if ((wpid = waitpid(-1, &status, WUNTRACED)) != -1)
835 if (requested_transition == death)
836 return (state_func_t) death;
839 warning("wait for %s on %s failed: %m; going to single user mode",
840 _PATH_BSHELL, _PATH_RUNCOM);
841 return (state_func_t) single_user;
843 if (wpid == pid && WIFSTOPPED(status)) {
844 warning("init: %s on %s stopped, restarting\n",
845 _PATH_BSHELL, _PATH_RUNCOM);
849 } while (wpid != pid);
851 if (WIFSIGNALED(status) && WTERMSIG(status) == SIGTERM &&
852 requested_transition == catatonia) {
853 /* /etc/rc executed /sbin/reboot; wait for the end quietly */
861 if (!WIFEXITED(status)) {
862 warning("%s on %s terminated abnormally, going to single user mode",
863 _PATH_BSHELL, _PATH_RUNCOM);
864 return (state_func_t) single_user;
867 if (WEXITSTATUS(status))
868 return (state_func_t) single_user;
870 runcom_mode = AUTOBOOT; /* the default */
871 /* NB: should send a message to the session logger to avoid blocking. */
873 logwtmpx("~", "reboot", "", 0, INIT_PROCESS);
875 logwtmp("~", "reboot", "");
876 return (state_func_t) read_ttys;
880 * Open the session database.
882 * NB: We could pass in the size here; is it necessary?
885 start_session_db(void)
887 if (session_db && (*session_db->close)(session_db))
888 emergency("session database close: %s", strerror(errno));
889 if ((session_db = dbopen(NULL, O_RDWR, 0, DB_HASH, NULL)) == 0) {
890 emergency("session database open: %s", strerror(errno));
898 * Add a new login session.
901 add_session(session_t *sp)
906 key.data = &sp->se_process;
907 key.size = sizeof sp->se_process;
909 data.size = sizeof sp;
911 if ((*session_db->put)(session_db, &key, &data, 0))
912 emergency("insert %d: %s", sp->se_process, strerror(errno));
914 session_utmpx(sp, 1);
919 * Delete an old login session.
922 del_session(session_t *sp)
926 key.data = &sp->se_process;
927 key.size = sizeof sp->se_process;
929 if ((*session_db->del)(session_db, &key, 0))
930 emergency("delete %d: %s", sp->se_process, strerror(errno));
932 session_utmpx(sp, 0);
937 * Look up a login session by pid.
940 find_session(pid_t pid)
947 key.size = sizeof pid;
948 if ((*session_db->get)(session_db, &key, &data, 0) != 0)
950 bcopy(data.data, (char *)&ret, sizeof(ret));
955 * Construct an argument vector from a command line.
958 construct_argv(char *command)
961 char **argv = malloc(((strlen(command) + 1) / 2 + 1)
964 if ((argv[argc++] = strk(command)) == 0) {
968 while ((argv[argc++] = strk(NULL)) != NULL)
974 * Deallocate a session descriptor.
977 free_session(session_t *sp)
982 free(sp->se_getty_argv_space);
983 free(sp->se_getty_argv);
987 free(sp->se_window_argv_space);
988 free(sp->se_window_argv);
996 * Allocate a new session descriptor.
997 * Mark it SE_PRESENT.
1000 new_session(session_t *sprev, int session_index, struct ttyent *typ)
1005 if ((typ->ty_status & TTY_ON) == 0 ||
1006 typ->ty_name == 0 ||
1010 sp = (session_t *) calloc(1, sizeof (session_t));
1012 sp->se_index = session_index;
1013 sp->se_flags |= SE_PRESENT;
1015 sp->se_device = malloc(sizeof(_PATH_DEV) + strlen(typ->ty_name));
1016 sprintf(sp->se_device, "%s%s", _PATH_DEV, typ->ty_name);
1019 * Attempt to open the device, if we get "device not configured"
1020 * then don't add the device to the session list.
1022 if ((fd = open(sp->se_device, O_RDONLY | O_NONBLOCK, 0)) < 0) {
1023 if (errno == ENXIO) {
1030 if (setupargv(sp, typ) == 0) {
1040 sprev->se_next = sp;
1041 sp->se_prev = sprev;
1048 * Calculate getty and if useful window argv vectors.
1051 setupargv(session_t *sp, struct ttyent *typ)
1056 free(sp->se_getty_argv_space);
1057 free(sp->se_getty_argv);
1059 sp->se_getty = malloc(strlen(typ->ty_getty) + strlen(typ->ty_name) + 2);
1060 sprintf(sp->se_getty, "%s %s", typ->ty_getty, typ->ty_name);
1061 sp->se_getty_argv_space = strdup(sp->se_getty);
1062 sp->se_getty_argv = construct_argv(sp->se_getty_argv_space);
1063 if (sp->se_getty_argv == 0) {
1064 warning("can't parse getty for port %s", sp->se_device);
1066 free(sp->se_getty_argv_space);
1067 sp->se_getty = sp->se_getty_argv_space = 0;
1070 if (sp->se_window) {
1071 free(sp->se_window);
1072 free(sp->se_window_argv_space);
1073 free(sp->se_window_argv);
1075 sp->se_window = sp->se_window_argv_space = 0;
1076 sp->se_window_argv = 0;
1077 if (typ->ty_window) {
1078 sp->se_window = strdup(typ->ty_window);
1079 sp->se_window_argv_space = strdup(sp->se_window);
1080 sp->se_window_argv = construct_argv(sp->se_window_argv_space);
1081 if (sp->se_window_argv == 0) {
1082 warning("can't parse window for port %s",
1084 free(sp->se_window_argv_space);
1085 free(sp->se_window);
1086 sp->se_window = sp->se_window_argv_space = 0;
1092 sp->se_type = typ->ty_type ? strdup(typ->ty_type) : 0;
1097 * Walk the list of ttys and create sessions for each active line.
1102 int session_index = 0;
1103 session_t *sp, *snext;
1106 #ifdef SUPPORT_UTMPX
1107 if (sessions == NULL) {
1110 make_utmpx("", BOOT_MSG, BOOT_TIME, 0, &boot_time, 0);
1113 * If wtmpx is not empty, pick the down time from there
1115 if (stat(_PATH_WTMPX, &st) != -1 && st.st_size != 0) {
1116 struct timeval down_time;
1118 TIMESPEC_TO_TIMEVAL(&down_time,
1119 st.st_atime > st.st_mtime ?
1120 &st.st_atimespec : &st.st_mtimespec);
1121 make_utmpx("", DOWN_MSG, DOWN_TIME, 0, &down_time, 0);
1126 * Destroy any previous session state.
1127 * There shouldn't be any, but just in case...
1129 for (sp = sessions; sp; sp = snext) {
1131 clear_session_logs(sp);
1132 snext = sp->se_next;
1136 if (start_session_db())
1137 return (state_func_t) single_user;
1140 * Allocate a session entry for each active port.
1141 * Note that sp starts at 0.
1143 while ((typ = getttyent()) != NULL)
1144 if ((snext = new_session(sp, ++session_index, typ)) != NULL)
1149 return (state_func_t) multi_user;
1153 * Start a window system running.
1156 start_window_system(session_t *sp)
1160 char term[64], *env[2];
1162 if ((pid = fork()) == -1) {
1163 emergency("can't fork for window system on port %s: %m",
1165 /* hope that getty fails and we can try again */
1173 sigprocmask(SIG_SETMASK, &mask, NULL);
1176 emergency("setsid failed (window) %m");
1179 setprocresources(RESOURCE_WINDOW);
1182 /* Don't use malloc after fork */
1183 strcpy(term, "TERM=");
1184 strncat(term, sp->se_type, sizeof(term) - 6);
1190 execve(sp->se_window_argv[0], sp->se_window_argv, env);
1191 stall("can't exec window system '%s' for port %s: %m",
1192 sp->se_window_argv[0], sp->se_device);
1197 * Start a login session running.
1200 start_getty(session_t *sp)
1204 time_t current_time = time(NULL);
1206 char term[64], *env[2];
1208 if (current_time >= sp->se_started.tv_sec &&
1209 current_time - sp->se_started.tv_sec < GETTY_SPACING) {
1210 if (++sp->se_nspace > GETTY_NSPACE) {
1218 * fork(), not vfork() -- we can't afford to block.
1220 if ((pid = fork()) == -1) {
1221 emergency("can't fork for getty on port %s: %m", sp->se_device);
1229 warning("getty repeating too quickly on port %s, sleeping %d secs",
1230 sp->se_device, GETTY_SLEEP);
1231 sleep((unsigned) GETTY_SLEEP);
1234 if (sp->se_window) {
1235 start_window_system(sp);
1240 sigprocmask(SIG_SETMASK, &mask, NULL);
1243 setprocresources(RESOURCE_GETTY);
1246 /* Don't use malloc after fork */
1247 strcpy(term, "TERM=");
1248 strncat(term, sp->se_type, sizeof(term) - 6);
1254 execve(sp->se_getty_argv[0], sp->se_getty_argv, env);
1255 stall("can't exec getty '%s' for port %s: %m",
1256 sp->se_getty_argv[0], sp->se_device);
1261 * Collect exit status for a child.
1262 * If an exiting login, start a new login running.
1265 collect_child(pid_t pid)
1267 session_t *sp, *sprev, *snext;
1272 if (! (sp = find_session(pid)))
1275 clear_session_logs(sp);
1279 if (sp->se_flags & SE_SHUTDOWN) {
1280 if ((sprev = sp->se_prev) != NULL)
1281 sprev->se_next = sp->se_next;
1283 sessions = sp->se_next;
1284 if ((snext = sp->se_next) != NULL)
1285 snext->se_prev = sp->se_prev;
1290 if ((pid = start_getty(sp)) == -1) {
1291 /* serious trouble */
1292 requested_transition = clean_ttys;
1296 sp->se_process = pid;
1297 gettimeofday(&sp->se_started, NULL);
1302 * Catch a signal and request a state transition.
1305 transition_handler(int sig)
1310 requested_transition = clean_ttys;
1313 howto = RB_POWEROFF;
1319 requested_transition = death;
1322 requested_transition = catatonia;
1325 requested_transition = 0;
1331 * Take the system multiuser.
1339 requested_transition = 0;
1342 * If the administrator has not set the security level to -1
1343 * to indicate that the kernel should not run multiuser in secure
1344 * mode, and the run script has not set a higher level of security
1345 * than level 1, then put the kernel into secure mode.
1347 if (getsecuritylevel() == 0)
1348 setsecuritylevel(1);
1350 for (sp = sessions; sp; sp = sp->se_next) {
1353 if ((pid = start_getty(sp)) == -1) {
1354 /* serious trouble */
1355 requested_transition = clean_ttys;
1358 sp->se_process = pid;
1359 gettimeofday(&sp->se_started, NULL);
1363 while (!requested_transition)
1364 if ((pid = waitpid(-1, NULL, 0)) != -1)
1367 return (state_func_t) requested_transition;
1371 * This is an (n*2)+(n^2) algorithm. We hope it isn't run often...
1376 session_t *sp, *sprev;
1378 int session_index = 0;
1380 char *old_getty, *old_window, *old_type;
1383 return (state_func_t) multi_user;
1386 * mark all sessions for death, (!SE_PRESENT)
1387 * as we find or create new ones they'll be marked as keepers,
1388 * we'll later nuke all the ones not found in /etc/ttys
1390 for (sp = sessions; sp != NULL; sp = sp->se_next)
1391 sp->se_flags &= ~SE_PRESENT;
1393 devlen = sizeof(_PATH_DEV) - 1;
1394 while ((typ = getttyent()) != NULL) {
1397 for (sprev = 0, sp = sessions; sp; sprev = sp, sp = sp->se_next)
1398 if (strcmp(typ->ty_name, sp->se_device + devlen) == 0)
1402 /* we want this one to live */
1403 sp->se_flags |= SE_PRESENT;
1404 if (sp->se_index != session_index) {
1405 warning("port %s changed utmp index from %d to %d",
1406 sp->se_device, sp->se_index,
1408 sp->se_index = session_index;
1410 if ((typ->ty_status & TTY_ON) == 0 ||
1411 typ->ty_getty == 0) {
1412 sp->se_flags |= SE_SHUTDOWN;
1413 kill(sp->se_process, SIGHUP);
1416 sp->se_flags &= ~SE_SHUTDOWN;
1417 old_getty = sp->se_getty ? strdup(sp->se_getty) : 0;
1418 old_window = sp->se_window ? strdup(sp->se_window) : 0;
1419 old_type = sp->se_type ? strdup(sp->se_type) : 0;
1420 if (setupargv(sp, typ) == 0) {
1421 warning("can't parse getty for port %s",
1423 sp->se_flags |= SE_SHUTDOWN;
1424 kill(sp->se_process, SIGHUP);
1426 else if ( !old_getty
1427 || (!old_type && sp->se_type)
1428 || (old_type && !sp->se_type)
1429 || (!old_window && sp->se_window)
1430 || (old_window && !sp->se_window)
1431 || (strcmp(old_getty, sp->se_getty) != 0)
1432 || (old_window && strcmp(old_window, sp->se_window) != 0)
1433 || (old_type && strcmp(old_type, sp->se_type) != 0)
1435 /* Don't set SE_SHUTDOWN here */
1437 sp->se_started.tv_sec = sp->se_started.tv_usec = 0;
1438 kill(sp->se_process, SIGHUP);
1449 new_session(sprev, session_index, typ);
1455 * sweep through and kill all deleted sessions
1456 * ones who's /etc/ttys line was deleted (SE_PRESENT unset)
1458 for (sp = sessions; sp != NULL; sp = sp->se_next) {
1459 if ((sp->se_flags & SE_PRESENT) == 0) {
1460 sp->se_flags |= SE_SHUTDOWN;
1461 kill(sp->se_process, SIGHUP);
1465 return (state_func_t) multi_user;
1469 * Block further logins.
1476 for (sp = sessions; sp; sp = sp->se_next)
1477 sp->se_flags |= SE_SHUTDOWN;
1479 return (state_func_t) multi_user;
1486 alrm_handler(int sig __unused)
1492 * Bring the system down to single user.
1500 static const int death_sigs[2] = { SIGTERM, SIGKILL };
1502 /* NB: should send a message to the session logger to avoid blocking. */
1503 #ifdef SUPPORT_UTMPX
1504 logwtmpx("~", "shutdown", "", 0, INIT_PROCESS);
1506 logwtmp("~", "shutdown", "");
1508 for (sp = sessions; sp; sp = sp->se_next) {
1509 sp->se_flags |= SE_SHUTDOWN;
1510 kill(sp->se_process, SIGHUP);
1513 /* Try to run the rc.shutdown script within a period of time */
1516 for (i = 0; i < 2; ++i) {
1517 if (kill(-1, death_sigs[i]) == -1 && errno == ESRCH)
1518 return (state_func_t) single_user;
1523 if ((pid = waitpid(-1, NULL, 0)) != -1)
1525 while (clang == 0 && errno != ECHILD);
1527 if (errno == ECHILD)
1528 return (state_func_t) single_user;
1531 warning("some processes would not die; ps axl advised");
1533 return (state_func_t) single_user;
1537 * Run the system shutdown script.
1539 * Exit codes: XXX I should document more
1540 * -2 shutdown script terminated abnormally
1541 * -1 fatal error - can't run script
1543 * >0 some error (exit code)
1550 int shutdowntimeout;
1552 const char *argv[4];
1553 struct sigaction sa;
1557 * rc.shutdown is optional, so to prevent any unnecessary
1558 * complaints from the shell we simply don't run it if the
1559 * file does not exist. If the stat() here fails for other
1560 * reasons, we'll let the shell complain.
1562 if (stat(_PATH_RUNDOWN, &sb) == -1 && errno == ENOENT)
1565 if ((pid = fork()) == 0) {
1568 /* Assume that init already grab console as ctty before */
1570 sigemptyset(&sa.sa_mask);
1572 sa.sa_handler = SIG_IGN;
1573 sigaction(SIGTSTP, &sa, NULL);
1574 sigaction(SIGHUP, &sa, NULL);
1576 if ((fd = open(_PATH_CONSOLE, O_RDWR)) == -1)
1577 warning("can't open %s: %m", _PATH_CONSOLE);
1587 * Run the shutdown script.
1590 argv[1] = _PATH_RUNDOWN;
1597 sigprocmask(SIG_SETMASK, &sa.sa_mask, NULL);
1600 setprocresources(RESOURCE_RC);
1602 execv(_PATH_BSHELL, __DECONST(char **, argv));
1603 warning("can't exec %s for %s: %m", _PATH_BSHELL, _PATH_RUNDOWN);
1604 _exit(1); /* force single user mode */
1608 emergency("can't fork for %s on %s: %m",
1609 _PATH_BSHELL, _PATH_RUNDOWN);
1610 while (waitpid(-1, NULL, WNOHANG) > 0)
1612 sleep(STALL_TIMEOUT);
1616 len = sizeof(shutdowntimeout);
1617 if (sysctlbyname("kern.shutdown_timeout",
1619 &len, NULL, 0) == -1 || shutdowntimeout < 2)
1620 shutdowntimeout = DEATH_SCRIPT;
1621 alarm(shutdowntimeout);
1624 * Copied from single_user(). This is a bit paranoid.
1625 * Use the same ALRM handler.
1628 if ((wpid = waitpid(-1, &status, WUNTRACED)) != -1)
1629 collect_child(wpid);
1631 /* we were waiting for the sub-shell */
1632 kill(wpid, SIGTERM);
1633 warning("timeout expired for %s on %s: %m; going to single user mode",
1634 _PATH_BSHELL, _PATH_RUNDOWN);
1640 warning("wait for %s on %s failed: %m; going to single user mode",
1641 _PATH_BSHELL, _PATH_RUNDOWN);
1644 if (wpid == pid && WIFSTOPPED(status)) {
1645 warning("init: %s on %s stopped, restarting\n",
1646 _PATH_BSHELL, _PATH_RUNDOWN);
1650 } while (wpid != pid && !clang);
1652 /* Turn off the alarm */
1655 if (WIFSIGNALED(status) && WTERMSIG(status) == SIGTERM &&
1656 requested_transition == catatonia) {
1658 * /etc/rc.shutdown executed /sbin/reboot;
1659 * wait for the end quietly
1668 if (!WIFEXITED(status)) {
1669 warning("%s on %s terminated abnormally, going to single user mode",
1670 _PATH_BSHELL, _PATH_RUNDOWN);
1674 if ((status = WEXITSTATUS(status)) != 0)
1675 warning("%s returned status %d", _PATH_RUNDOWN, status);
1693 while (c == ' ' || c == '\t' )
1703 while (c && c != '\'')
1705 if (!c) /* unterminated string */
1710 while (c && c != ' ' && c != '\t' )
1721 setprocresources(const char *cname)
1724 if ((lc = login_getclassbyname(cname, NULL)) != NULL) {
1725 setusercontext(lc, NULL, 0, LOGIN_SETPRIORITY|LOGIN_SETRESOURCES);
1731 #ifdef SUPPORT_UTMPX
1733 session_utmpx(const session_t *sp, int add)
1735 const char *name = sp->se_getty ? sp->se_getty :
1736 (sp->se_window ? sp->se_window : "");
1737 const char *line = sp->se_device + sizeof(_PATH_DEV) - 1;
1739 make_utmpx(name, line, add ? LOGIN_PROCESS : DEAD_PROCESS,
1740 sp->se_process, &sp->se_started, sp->se_index);
1744 make_utmpx(const char *name, const char *line, int type, pid_t pid,
1745 const struct timeval *tv, int session)
1750 (void)memset(&ut, 0, sizeof(ut));
1751 (void)strlcpy(ut.ut_name, name, sizeof(ut.ut_name));
1753 (void)strlcpy(ut.ut_line, line, sizeof(ut.ut_line));
1758 (void)gettimeofday(&ut.ut_tv, NULL);
1759 ut.ut_session = session;
1761 eline = line + strlen(line);
1762 if ((size_t)(eline - line) >= sizeof(ut.ut_id))
1763 line = eline - sizeof(ut.ut_id);
1764 (void)strncpy(ut.ut_id, line, sizeof(ut.ut_id));
1766 if (pututxline(&ut) == NULL)
1767 warning("can't add utmpx record for `%s': %m", ut.ut_line);
1772 get_runlevel(const state_t s)
1774 if (s == (state_t)single_user)
1776 if (s == (state_t)runcom)
1778 if (s == (state_t)read_ttys)
1780 if (s == (state_t)multi_user)
1782 if (s == (state_t)clean_ttys)
1784 if (s == (state_t)catatonia)
1790 utmpx_set_runlevel(char old, char new)
1795 * Don't record any transitions until we did the first transition
1796 * to read ttys, which is when we are guaranteed to have a read-write
1797 * /var. Perhaps use a different variable for this?
1799 if (sessions == NULL)
1802 (void)memset(&ut, 0, sizeof(ut));
1803 (void)snprintf(ut.ut_line, sizeof(ut.ut_line), RUNLVL_MSG, new);
1804 ut.ut_type = RUN_LVL;
1805 (void)gettimeofday(&ut.ut_tv, NULL);
1806 ut.ut_exit.e_exit = old;
1807 ut.ut_exit.e_termination = new;
1808 if (pututxline(&ut) == NULL)
1809 warning("can't add utmpx record for `runlevel': %m");