2 * Copyright (c) 1995 Terrence R. Lambert
5 * Copyright (c) 1982, 1986, 1989, 1991, 1992, 1993
6 * The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.
7 * (c) UNIX System Laboratories, Inc.
8 * All or some portions of this file are derived from material licensed
9 * to the University of California by American Telephone and Telegraph
10 * Co. or Unix System Laboratories, Inc. and are reproduced herein with
11 * the permission of UNIX System Laboratories, Inc.
13 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
14 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
16 * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
17 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
18 * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
19 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
20 * documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
21 * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
22 * must display the following acknowledgement:
23 * This product includes software developed by the University of
24 * California, Berkeley and its contributors.
25 * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
26 * may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
27 * without specific prior written permission.
29 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
30 * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
31 * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
32 * ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
33 * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
34 * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
35 * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
36 * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
37 * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
38 * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
41 * @(#)init_main.c 8.9 (Berkeley) 1/21/94
42 * $FreeBSD: src/sys/kern/init_main.c,v 1.134.2.8 2003/06/06 20:21:32 tegge Exp $
43 * $DragonFly: src/sys/kern/init_main.c,v 1.12 2003/06/25 03:55:57 dillon Exp $
46 #include "opt_init_path.h"
48 #include <sys/param.h>
50 #include <sys/filedesc.h>
51 #include <sys/kernel.h>
52 #include <sys/mount.h>
53 #include <sys/sysctl.h>
55 #include <sys/resourcevar.h>
56 #include <sys/signalvar.h>
57 #include <sys/systm.h>
58 #include <sys/vnode.h>
59 #include <sys/sysent.h>
60 #include <sys/reboot.h>
61 #include <sys/sysproto.h>
62 #include <sys/vmmeter.h>
63 #include <sys/unistd.h>
64 #include <sys/malloc.h>
65 #include <sys/file2.h>
67 #include <machine/cpu.h>
70 #include <vm/vm_param.h>
73 #include <vm/vm_map.h>
75 #include <sys/copyright.h>
77 extern struct linker_set sysinit_set; /* XXX */
79 void mi_startup(void); /* Should be elsewhere */
81 /* Components of the first process -- never freed. */
82 static struct session session0;
83 static struct pgrp pgrp0;
84 static struct procsig procsig0;
85 static struct filedesc0 filedesc0;
86 static struct plimit limit0;
87 static struct vmspace vmspace0;
88 struct proc *initproc;
90 struct thread thread0;
93 extern struct user *proc0paddr;
94 extern int fallback_elf_brand;
97 int boothowto = 0; /* initialized so that it can be patched */
98 SYSCTL_INT(_debug, OID_AUTO, boothowto, CTLFLAG_RD, &boothowto, 0, "");
101 * This ensures that there is at least one entry so that the sysinit_set
102 * symbol is not undefined. A sybsystem ID of SI_SUB_DUMMY is never
105 SYSINIT(placeholder, SI_SUB_DUMMY, SI_ORDER_ANY, NULL, NULL)
108 * The sysinit table itself. Items are checked off as the are run.
109 * If we want to register new sysinit types, add them to newsysinit.
111 struct sysinit **sysinit = (struct sysinit **)sysinit_set.ls_items;
112 struct sysinit **newsysinit;
115 * Merge a new sysinit set into the current set, reallocating it if
116 * necessary. This can only be called after malloc is running.
119 sysinit_add(struct sysinit **set)
121 struct sysinit **newset;
122 struct sysinit **sipp;
123 struct sysinit **xipp;
127 for (sipp = newsysinit; *sipp; sipp++)
130 for (sipp = sysinit; *sipp; sipp++)
132 for (sipp = set; *sipp; sipp++)
134 count++; /* Trailing NULL */
135 newset = malloc(count * sizeof(*sipp), M_TEMP, M_NOWAIT);
137 panic("cannot malloc for sysinit");
140 for (sipp = newsysinit; *sipp; sipp++)
143 for (sipp = sysinit; *sipp; sipp++)
145 for (sipp = set; *sipp; sipp++)
149 free(newsysinit, M_TEMP);
154 * System startup; initialize the world, create process 0, mount root
155 * filesystem, and fork to create init and pagedaemon. Most of the
156 * hard work is done in the lower-level initialization routines including
157 * startup(), which does memory initialization and autoconfiguration.
159 * This allows simple addition of new kernel subsystems that require
160 * boot time initialization. It also allows substitution of subsystem
161 * (for instance, a scheduler, kernel profiler, or VM system) by object
162 * module. Finally, it allows for optional "kernel threads".
168 register struct sysinit **sipp; /* system initialization*/
169 register struct sysinit **xipp; /* interior loop of sort*/
170 register struct sysinit *save; /* bubble*/
174 * Perform a bubble sort of the system initialization objects by
175 * their subsystem (primary key) and order (secondary key).
177 for (sipp = sysinit; *sipp; sipp++) {
178 for (xipp = sipp + 1; *xipp; xipp++) {
179 if ((*sipp)->subsystem < (*xipp)->subsystem ||
180 ((*sipp)->subsystem == (*xipp)->subsystem &&
181 (*sipp)->order <= (*xipp)->order))
190 * Traverse the (now) ordered list of system initialization tasks.
191 * Perform each task, and continue on to the next task.
193 * The last item on the list is expected to be the scheduler,
194 * which will not return.
196 for (sipp = sysinit; *sipp; sipp++) {
198 if ((*sipp)->subsystem == SI_SUB_DUMMY)
199 continue; /* skip dummy task(s)*/
201 if ((*sipp)->subsystem == SI_SUB_DONE)
205 (*((*sipp)->func))((*sipp)->udata);
207 /* Check off the one we're just done */
208 (*sipp)->subsystem = SI_SUB_DONE;
210 /* Check if we've installed more sysinit items via KLD */
211 if (newsysinit != NULL) {
212 if (sysinit != (struct sysinit **)sysinit_set.ls_items)
213 free(sysinit, M_TEMP);
214 sysinit = newsysinit;
220 panic("Shouldn't get here!");
226 ***************************************************************************
228 **** The following SYSINIT's belong elsewhere, but have not yet
231 ***************************************************************************
234 print_caddr_t(void *data __unused)
236 printf("%s", (char *)data);
238 SYSINIT(announce, SI_SUB_COPYRIGHT, SI_ORDER_FIRST, print_caddr_t, copyright)
242 ***************************************************************************
244 **** The two following SYSINT's are proc0 specific glue code. I am not
245 **** convinced that they can not be safely combined, but their order of
246 **** operation has been maintained as the same as the original init_main.c
249 **** These probably belong in init_proc.c or kern_proc.c, since they
250 **** deal with proc0 (the fork template process).
252 ***************************************************************************
256 proc0_init(void *dummy __unused)
258 register struct proc *p;
259 register struct filedesc0 *fdp;
265 * Initialize process and pgrp structures.
270 * Initialize sleep queue hash table
275 * additional VM structures
280 * Create process 0 (the swapper).
282 LIST_INSERT_HEAD(&allproc, p, p_list);
284 LIST_INSERT_HEAD(PGRPHASH(0), &pgrp0, pg_hash);
285 LIST_INIT(&pgrp0.pg_members);
286 LIST_INSERT_HEAD(&pgrp0.pg_members, p, p_pglist);
288 pgrp0.pg_session = &session0;
289 session0.s_count = 1;
290 session0.s_leader = p;
292 p->p_sysent = &aout_sysvec;
294 p->p_flag = P_INMEM | P_SYSTEM;
297 p->p_rtprio.type = RTP_PRIO_NORMAL;
298 p->p_rtprio.prio = 0;
303 bcopy("swapper", p->p_comm, sizeof ("swapper"));
305 /* Create credentials. */
306 p->p_ucred = crget();
307 p->p_ucred->cr_ruidinfo = uifind(0);
308 p->p_ucred->cr_ngroups = 1; /* group 0 */
309 p->p_ucred->cr_uidinfo = uifind(0);
312 p->p_ucred->cr_prison = NULL;
314 /* Create procsig. */
315 p->p_procsig = &procsig0;
316 p->p_procsig->ps_refcnt = 1;
318 /* Initialize signal state for process 0. */
321 /* Create the file descriptor table. */
323 p->p_fd = &fdp->fd_fd;
325 fdp->fd_fd.fd_refcnt = 1;
326 fdp->fd_fd.fd_cmask = cmask;
327 fdp->fd_fd.fd_ofiles = fdp->fd_dfiles;
328 fdp->fd_fd.fd_ofileflags = fdp->fd_dfileflags;
329 fdp->fd_fd.fd_nfiles = NDFILE;
331 /* Create the limits structures. */
332 p->p_limit = &limit0;
333 for (i = 0; i < sizeof(p->p_rlimit)/sizeof(p->p_rlimit[0]); i++)
334 limit0.pl_rlimit[i].rlim_cur =
335 limit0.pl_rlimit[i].rlim_max = RLIM_INFINITY;
336 limit0.pl_rlimit[RLIMIT_NOFILE].rlim_cur =
337 limit0.pl_rlimit[RLIMIT_NOFILE].rlim_max = maxfiles;
338 limit0.pl_rlimit[RLIMIT_NPROC].rlim_cur =
339 limit0.pl_rlimit[RLIMIT_NPROC].rlim_max = maxproc;
340 i = ptoa(cnt.v_free_count);
341 limit0.pl_rlimit[RLIMIT_RSS].rlim_max = i;
342 limit0.pl_rlimit[RLIMIT_MEMLOCK].rlim_max = i;
343 limit0.pl_rlimit[RLIMIT_MEMLOCK].rlim_cur = i / 3;
344 limit0.p_cpulimit = RLIM_INFINITY;
347 /* Allocate a prototype map so we have something to fork. */
348 pmap_pinit0(vmspace_pmap(&vmspace0));
349 p->p_vmspace = &vmspace0;
350 vmspace0.vm_refcnt = 1;
351 vm_map_init(&vmspace0.vm_map, round_page(VM_MIN_ADDRESS),
352 trunc_page(VM_MAXUSER_ADDRESS));
353 vmspace0.vm_map.pmap = vmspace_pmap(&vmspace0);
356 * We continue to place resource usage info and signal
357 * actions in the user struct so they're pageable.
359 p->p_stats = &p->p_addr->u_stats;
360 p->p_sigacts = &p->p_addr->u_sigacts;
363 * Charge root for one process.
365 (void)chgproccnt(p->p_ucred->cr_uidinfo, 1, 0);
368 SYSINIT(p0init, SI_SUB_INTRINSIC, SI_ORDER_FIRST, proc0_init, NULL)
372 proc0_post(void *dummy __unused)
378 * Now we can look at the time, having had a chance to verify the
379 * time from the file system. Pretend that proc0 started now.
381 LIST_FOREACH(p, &allproc, p_list) {
382 microtime(&p->p_stats->p_start);
386 * Give the ``random'' number generator a thump.
387 * XXX: Does read_random() contain enough bits to be used here ?
390 srandom(ts.tv_sec ^ ts.tv_nsec);
392 SYSINIT(p0post, SI_SUB_INTRINSIC_POST, SI_ORDER_FIRST, proc0_post, NULL)
395 ***************************************************************************
397 **** The following SYSINIT's and glue code should be moved to the
398 **** respective files on a per subsystem basis.
400 ***************************************************************************
405 ***************************************************************************
407 **** The following code probably belongs in another file, like
408 **** kern/init_init.c.
410 ***************************************************************************
414 * List of paths to try when searching for "init".
416 static char init_path[MAXPATHLEN] =
418 __XSTRING(INIT_PATH);
420 "/sbin/init:/sbin/oinit:/sbin/init.bak:/stand/sysinstall";
422 SYSCTL_STRING(_kern, OID_AUTO, init_path, CTLFLAG_RD, init_path, 0, "");
425 * Start the initial user process; try exec'ing each pathname in init_path.
426 * The program is invoked with one argument containing the boot flags.
429 start_init(void *dummy)
432 struct execve_args args;
434 char *var, *path, *next, *s;
435 char *ucp, **uap, *arg0, *arg1;
440 /* Get the vnode for '/'. Set p->p_fd->fd_cdir to reference it. */
441 if (VFS_ROOT(TAILQ_FIRST(&mountlist), &rootvnode))
442 panic("cannot find root vnode");
443 p->p_fd->fd_cdir = rootvnode;
444 VREF(p->p_fd->fd_cdir);
445 p->p_fd->fd_rdir = rootvnode;
446 VREF(p->p_fd->fd_rdir);
447 VOP_UNLOCK(rootvnode, 0, curthread);
450 * Need just enough stack to hold the faked-up "execve()" arguments.
452 addr = trunc_page(USRSTACK - PAGE_SIZE);
453 if (vm_map_find(&p->p_vmspace->vm_map, NULL, 0, &addr, PAGE_SIZE,
454 FALSE, VM_PROT_ALL, VM_PROT_ALL, 0) != 0)
455 panic("init: couldn't allocate argument space");
456 p->p_vmspace->vm_maxsaddr = (caddr_t)addr;
457 p->p_vmspace->vm_ssize = 1;
459 if ((var = getenv("init_path")) != NULL) {
460 strncpy(init_path, var, sizeof init_path);
461 init_path[sizeof init_path - 1] = 0;
463 if ((var = getenv("kern.fallback_elf_brand")) != NULL)
464 fallback_elf_brand = strtol(var, NULL, 0);
466 for (path = init_path; *path != '\0'; path = next) {
471 for (next = path; *next != '\0' && *next != ':'; next++)
474 printf("start_init: trying %.*s\n", (int)(next - path),
478 * Move out the boot flag argument.
481 ucp = (char *)USRSTACK;
482 (void)subyte(--ucp, 0); /* trailing zero */
483 if (boothowto & RB_SINGLE) {
484 (void)subyte(--ucp, 's');
488 if (boothowto & RB_FASTBOOT) {
489 (void)subyte(--ucp, 'f');
495 (void)subyte(--ucp, 'C');
499 (void)subyte(--ucp, '-');
500 (void)subyte(--ucp, '-'); /* leading hyphen */
504 * Move out the file name (also arg 0).
506 (void)subyte(--ucp, 0);
507 for (s = next - 1; s >= path; s--)
508 (void)subyte(--ucp, *s);
512 * Move out the arg pointers.
514 uap = (char **)((intptr_t)ucp & ~(sizeof(intptr_t)-1));
515 (void)suword((caddr_t)--uap, (long)0); /* terminator */
516 (void)suword((caddr_t)--uap, (long)(intptr_t)arg1);
517 (void)suword((caddr_t)--uap, (long)(intptr_t)arg0);
520 * Point at the arguments.
527 * Now try to exec the program. If can't for any reason
528 * other than it doesn't exist, complain.
530 * Otherwise, return via fork_trampoline() all the way
531 * to user mode as init!
533 if ((error = execve(&args)) == 0)
536 printf("exec %.*s: error %d\n", (int)(next - path),
539 printf("init: not found in path %s\n", init_path);
544 * Like kthread_create(), but runs in it's own address space.
545 * We do this early to reserve pid 1.
547 * Note special case - do not make it runnable yet. Other work
548 * in progress will change this more.
551 create_init(const void *udata __unused)
557 error = fork1(&proc0, RFFDG | RFPROC, &initproc);
559 panic("cannot fork init: %d\n", error);
560 initproc->p_flag |= P_INMEM | P_SYSTEM;
561 cpu_set_fork_handler(initproc, start_init, NULL);
564 SYSINIT(init,SI_SUB_CREATE_INIT, SI_ORDER_FIRST, create_init, NULL)
567 * Make it runnable now.
570 kick_init(const void *udata __unused)
572 start_forked_proc(&proc0, initproc);
574 SYSINIT(kickinit,SI_SUB_KTHREAD_INIT, SI_ORDER_FIRST, kick_init, NULL)
577 * Machine independant globaldata initialization
580 mi_gdinit(struct globaldata *gd, int cpu)