2 * spkr.c -- device driver for console speaker
4 * v1.4 by Eric S. Raymond (esr@snark.thyrsus.com) Aug 1993
5 * modified for FreeBSD by Andrew A. Chernov <ache@astral.msk.su>
7 * $FreeBSD: src/sys/i386/isa/spkr.c,v 1.45 2000/01/29 16:00:32 peter Exp $
8 * $DragonFly: src/sys/dev/sound/isa/i386/spkr/Attic/spkr.c,v 1.6 2003/07/21 05:50:40 dillon Exp $
11 #include <sys/param.h>
12 #include <sys/systm.h>
13 #include <sys/kernel.h>
17 #include <sys/ctype.h>
18 #include <i386/isa/isa.h>
19 #include <i386/isa/timerreg.h>
20 #include <machine/clock.h>
21 #include <machine/speaker.h>
23 static d_open_t spkropen;
24 static d_close_t spkrclose;
25 static d_write_t spkrwrite;
26 static d_ioctl_t spkrioctl;
29 static struct cdevsw spkr_cdevsw = {
37 /* close */ spkrclose,
39 /* write */ spkrwrite,
40 /* ioctl */ spkrioctl,
43 /* strategy */ nostrategy,
48 /**************** MACHINE DEPENDENT PART STARTS HERE *************************
50 * This section defines a function tone() which causes a tone of given
51 * frequency and duration from the ISA console speaker.
52 * Another function endtone() is defined to force sound off, and there is
53 * also a rest() entry point to do pauses.
55 * Audible sound is generated using the Programmable Interval Timer (PIT) and
56 * Programmable Peripheral Interface (PPI) attached to the ISA speaker. The
57 * PPI controls whether sound is passed through at all; the PIT's channel 2 is
58 * used to generate clicks (a square wave) of whatever frequency is desired.
63 * XXX should be in a header and used in clock.c.
65 #define PPI_SPKR 0x03 /* turn these PPI bits on to pass sound */
67 static char endtone, endrest;
69 static void tone __P((unsigned int thz, unsigned int ticks));
70 static void rest __P((int ticks));
71 static void playinit __P((void));
72 static void playtone __P((int pitch, int value, int sustain));
73 static int abs __P((int n));
74 static void playstring __P((char *cp, size_t slen));
76 /* emit tone of frequency thz for given number of ticks */
79 unsigned int thz, ticks;
87 divisor = timer_freq / thz;
90 (void) printf("tone: thz=%d ticks=%d\n", thz, ticks);
93 /* set timer to generate clicks at given frequency in Hertz */
96 if (acquire_timer2(TIMER_SEL2 | TIMER_SQWAVE | TIMER_16BIT)) {
97 /* enter list of waiting procs ??? */
103 outb(TIMER_CNTR2, (divisor & 0xff)); /* send lo byte */
104 outb(TIMER_CNTR2, (divisor >> 8)); /* send hi byte */
107 /* turn the speaker on */
108 outb(IO_PPI, inb(IO_PPI) | PPI_SPKR);
111 * Set timeout to endtone function, then give up the timeslice.
112 * This is so other processes can execute while the tone is being
116 tsleep((caddr_t)&endtone, PCATCH, "spkrtn", ticks);
117 outb(IO_PPI, inb(IO_PPI) & ~PPI_SPKR);
123 /* rest for given number of ticks */
129 * Set timeout to endrest function, then give up the timeslice.
130 * This is so other processes can execute while the rest is being
134 (void) printf("rest: %d\n", ticks);
137 tsleep((caddr_t)&endrest, PCATCH, "spkrrs", ticks);
140 /**************** PLAY STRING INTERPRETER BEGINS HERE **********************
142 * Play string interpretation is modelled on IBM BASIC 2.0's PLAY statement;
143 * M[LNS] are missing; the ~ synonym and the _ slur mark and the octave-
144 * tracking facility are added.
145 * Requires tone(), rest(), and endtone(). String play is not interruptible
146 * except possibly at physical block boundaries.
153 #define dtoi(c) ((c) - '0')
155 static int octave; /* currently selected octave */
156 static int whole; /* whole-note time at current tempo, in ticks */
157 static int value; /* whole divisor for note time, quarter note = 1 */
158 static int fill; /* controls spacing of notes */
159 static bool octtrack; /* octave-tracking on? */
160 static bool octprefix; /* override current octave-tracking state? */
163 * Magic number avoidance...
165 #define SECS_PER_MIN 60 /* seconds per minute */
166 #define WHOLE_NOTE 4 /* quarter notes per whole note */
167 #define MIN_VALUE 64 /* the most we can divide a note by */
168 #define DFLT_VALUE 4 /* default value (quarter-note) */
169 #define FILLTIME 8 /* for articulation, break note in parts */
170 #define STACCATO 6 /* 6/8 = 3/4 of note is filled */
171 #define NORMAL 7 /* 7/8ths of note interval is filled */
172 #define LEGATO 8 /* all of note interval is filled */
173 #define DFLT_OCTAVE 4 /* default octave */
174 #define MIN_TEMPO 32 /* minimum tempo */
175 #define DFLT_TEMPO 120 /* default tempo */
176 #define MAX_TEMPO 255 /* max tempo */
177 #define NUM_MULT 3 /* numerator of dot multiplier */
178 #define DENOM_MULT 2 /* denominator of dot multiplier */
180 /* letter to half-tone: A B C D E F G */
181 static int notetab[8] = {9, 11, 0, 2, 4, 5, 7};
184 * This is the American Standard A440 Equal-Tempered scale with frequencies
185 * rounded to nearest integer. Thank Goddess for the good ol' CRC Handbook...
186 * our octave 0 is standard octave 2.
188 #define OCTAVE_NOTES 12 /* semitones per octave */
189 static int pitchtab[] =
191 /* C C# D D# E F F# G G# A A# B*/
192 /* 0 */ 65, 69, 73, 78, 82, 87, 93, 98, 103, 110, 117, 123,
193 /* 1 */ 131, 139, 147, 156, 165, 175, 185, 196, 208, 220, 233, 247,
194 /* 2 */ 262, 277, 294, 311, 330, 349, 370, 392, 415, 440, 466, 494,
195 /* 3 */ 523, 554, 587, 622, 659, 698, 740, 784, 831, 880, 932, 988,
196 /* 4 */ 1047, 1109, 1175, 1245, 1319, 1397, 1480, 1568, 1661, 1760, 1865, 1975,
197 /* 5 */ 2093, 2217, 2349, 2489, 2637, 2794, 2960, 3136, 3322, 3520, 3729, 3951,
198 /* 6 */ 4186, 4435, 4698, 4978, 5274, 5588, 5920, 6272, 6644, 7040, 7459, 7902,
204 octave = DFLT_OCTAVE;
205 whole = (hz * SECS_PER_MIN * WHOLE_NOTE) / DFLT_TEMPO;
209 octprefix = TRUE; /* act as though there was an initial O(n) */
212 /* play tone of proper duration for current rhythm signature */
214 playtone(pitch, value, sustain)
215 int pitch, value, sustain;
217 register int sound, silence, snum = 1, sdenom = 1;
219 /* this weirdness avoids floating-point arithmetic */
220 for (; sustain; sustain--)
222 /* See the BUGS section in the man page for discussion */
224 sdenom *= DENOM_MULT;
227 if (value == 0 || sdenom == 0)
231 rest(whole * snum / (value * sdenom));
234 sound = (whole * snum) / (value * sdenom)
235 - (whole * (FILLTIME - fill)) / (value * FILLTIME);
236 silence = whole * (FILLTIME-fill) * snum / (FILLTIME * value * sdenom);
239 (void) printf("playtone: pitch %d for %d ticks, rest for %d ticks\n",
240 pitch, sound, silence);
243 tone(pitchtab[pitch], sound);
259 /* interpret and play an item from a notation string */
265 int pitch, oldfill, lastpitch = OCTAVE_NOTES * DFLT_OCTAVE;
267 #define GETNUM(cp, v) for(v=0; isdigit(cp[1]) && slen > 0; ) \
268 {v = v * 10 + (*++cp - '0'); slen--;}
271 int sustain, timeval, tempo;
272 register char c = toupper(*cp);
275 (void) printf("playstring: %c (%x)\n", c, c);
280 case 'A': case 'B': case 'C': case 'D': case 'E': case 'F': case 'G':
283 pitch = notetab[c - 'A'] + octave * OCTAVE_NOTES;
285 /* this may be followed by an accidental sign */
286 if (cp[1] == '#' || cp[1] == '+')
292 else if (cp[1] == '-')
300 * If octave-tracking mode is on, and there has been no octave-
301 * setting prefix, find the version of the current letter note
302 * closest to the last regardless of octave.
304 if (octtrack && !octprefix)
306 if (abs(pitch-lastpitch) > abs(pitch+OCTAVE_NOTES-lastpitch))
309 pitch += OCTAVE_NOTES;
312 if (abs(pitch-lastpitch) > abs((pitch-OCTAVE_NOTES)-lastpitch))
315 pitch -= OCTAVE_NOTES;
321 /* ...which may in turn be followed by an override time value */
323 if (timeval <= 0 || timeval > MIN_VALUE)
326 /* ...and/or sustain dots */
327 for (sustain = 0; cp[1] == '.'; cp++)
333 /* ...and/or a slur mark */
342 /* time to emit the actual tone */
343 playtone(pitch, timeval, sustain);
349 if (cp[1] == 'N' || cp[1] == 'n')
351 octprefix = octtrack = FALSE;
355 else if (cp[1] == 'L' || cp[1] == 'l')
364 if (octave >= sizeof(pitchtab) / sizeof(pitchtab[0]) / OCTAVE_NOTES)
365 octave = DFLT_OCTAVE;
371 if (octave < sizeof(pitchtab) / sizeof(pitchtab[0]) / OCTAVE_NOTES - 1)
384 for (sustain = 0; cp[1] == '.'; cp++)
396 playtone(pitch - 1, value, sustain);
402 if (value <= 0 || value > MIN_VALUE)
408 /* this may be followed by an override time value */
410 if (timeval <= 0 || timeval > MIN_VALUE)
412 for (sustain = 0; cp[1] == '.'; cp++)
417 playtone(-1, timeval, sustain);
422 if (tempo < MIN_TEMPO || tempo > MAX_TEMPO)
424 whole = (hz * SECS_PER_MIN * WHOLE_NOTE) / tempo;
428 if (cp[1] == 'N' || cp[1] == 'n')
434 else if (cp[1] == 'L' || cp[1] == 'l')
440 else if (cp[1] == 'S' || cp[1] == 's')
451 /******************* UNIX DRIVER HOOKS BEGIN HERE **************************
453 * This section implements driver hooks to run playstring() and the tone(),
454 * endtone(), and rest() functions defined above.
457 static int spkr_active = FALSE; /* exclusion flag */
458 static struct buf *spkr_inbuf; /* incoming buf */
461 spkropen(dev_t dev, int flags, int fmt, struct thread *td)
464 (void) printf("spkropen: entering with dev = %s\n", devtoname(dev));
469 else if (spkr_active)
474 (void) printf("spkropen: about to perform play initialization\n");
477 spkr_inbuf = geteblk(DEV_BSIZE);
484 spkrwrite(dev, uio, ioflag)
490 printf("spkrwrite: entering with dev = %s, count = %d\n",
491 devtoname(dev), uio->uio_resid);
496 else if (uio->uio_resid > (DEV_BSIZE - 1)) /* prevent system crashes */
505 cp = spkr_inbuf->b_data;
506 error = uiomove(cp, n, uio);
516 spkrclose(dev_t dev, int flags, int fmt, struct thread *td)
519 (void) printf("spkrclose: entering with dev = %s\n", devtoname(dev));
526 wakeup((caddr_t)&endtone);
527 wakeup((caddr_t)&endrest);
535 spkrioctl(dev_t dev, unsigned long cmd, caddr_t cmdarg, int flags, struct thread*td)
538 (void) printf("spkrioctl: entering with dev = %s, cmd = %lx\n",
539 devtoname(dev), cmd);
544 else if (cmd == SPKRTONE)
546 tone_t *tp = (tone_t *)cmdarg;
548 if (tp->frequency == 0)
551 tone(tp->frequency, tp->duration);
554 else if (cmd == SPKRTUNE)
556 tone_t *tp = (tone_t *)(*(caddr_t *)cmdarg);
561 error = copyin(tp, &ttp, sizeof(tone_t));
564 if (ttp.duration == 0)
566 if (ttp.frequency == 0)
569 tone(ttp.frequency, ttp.duration);
577 spkr_drvinit(void *unused)
579 make_dev(&spkr_cdevsw, 0, UID_ROOT, GID_WHEEL, 0600, "speaker");
582 SYSINIT(spkrdev,SI_SUB_DRIVERS,SI_ORDER_MIDDLE+CDEV_MAJOR,spkr_drvinit,NULL)
585 /* spkr.c ends here */