2 .\" Copyright (c) 1997-1999 Erez Zadok
3 .\" Copyright (c) 1989 Jan-Simon Pendry
4 .\" Copyright (c) 1989 Imperial College of Science, Technology & Medicine
5 .\" Copyright (c) 1989 The Regents of the University of California.
6 .\" All rights reserved.
8 .\" This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by
9 .\" Jan-Simon Pendry at Imperial College, London.
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21 .\" This product includes software developed by the University of
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39 .\" %W% (Berkeley) %G%
41 .\" $Id: amd.8,v 1.3 1999/09/30 21:01:29 ezk Exp $
42 .\" $FreeBSD: src/contrib/amd/amd/amd.8,v 1.6.2.9 2001/12/14 15:59:49 ru Exp $
49 .Nd automatically mount file systems
57 .Op Fl a Ar mount_point
61 .Op Fl k Ar kernel-arch
64 .Op Fl o Ar op_sys_ver
65 .Op Fl t Ar timeout.retransmit
69 .Op Fl x Ar log-option
72 .Op Fl C Ar cluster-name
76 .Op Fl O Ar op_sys_name
85 is a daemon that automatically mounts filesystems whenever a file or directory
86 within that filesystem is accessed. Filesystems are automatically unmounted
87 when they appear to be quiescent.
90 operates by attaching itself as an
92 server to each of the specified
94 Lookups within the specified directories
97 which uses the map defined by
99 to determine how to resolve the lookup. Generally, this will be a host name,
100 some filesystem information and some mount options for the given filesystem.
102 In the first form depicted above,
104 will print a short help string. In the second form, if no options are
109 will read configuration parameters from the file
113 The last form is described below.
116 .It Fl a Ar temporary-directory
117 Specify an alternative location for the real mount points.
123 in seconds, that a looked up name remains
124 cached when not in use. The default is 5 minutes.
126 Specify the local domain name. If this option is not
127 given the domain name is determined from the hostname.
128 .It Fl k Ar kernel-arch
129 Specifies the kernel architecture. This is used solely
130 to set the ${karch} selector.
132 Specify a logfile in which to record mount and unmount events.
137 the log messages will be sent to the system log daemon by
139 The default syslog facility used is LOG_DAEMON.
140 If you wish to change it, append its name to the log file name,
141 delimited by a single colon.
148 will log messages via
150 using the LOG_LOCAL7 facility (if it exists on the system).
153 The name referred to by ${rhost} is normalized relative to the
154 host database before being used. The effect is to translate
155 aliases into ``official'' names.
156 .It Fl o Ar op_sys_ver
157 Override the compiled-in version number of the operating system.
158 Useful when the built in version is not desired for backward
159 compatibility reasons.
160 For example, if the build in version is
162 you can override it to
164 and use older maps that were written with the latter in mind.
168 Outputs the process-id of
170 to standard output where it can be saved into a file.
172 Restart existing mounts.
174 will scan the mount file table to determine which filesystems
175 are currently mounted. Whenever one of these would have
180 .It Fl t Ar timeout.retransmit
181 Specify the NFS timeout
183 in tenths of a second, between
185 retries (for UDP only). The default
186 is 0.8 seconds. The second value alters the restransmit counter, which
187 defaults to 11 retransmissions. Both of these values are used by the kernel
188 to communicate with amd. Useful defaults are supplied if either or both
191 Amd relies on the kernel RPC retransmit mechanism to trigger mount retries.
192 The values of these parameters change the overall retry interval. Too long
193 an interval gives poor interactive response; too short an interval causes
196 Version. Displays version and configuration information on standard error.
200 in seconds, between attempts to dismount filesystems that have exceeded their
201 cached times. The default is 2 minutes.
203 Specify run-time logging options. The options are a comma separated list
204 chosen from: fatal, error, user, warn, info, map, stats, all.
206 Specify an alternative
208 domain from which to fetch the
211 The default is the system domain name.
212 This option is ignored if
214 support is not available.
215 .It Fl C Ar cluster-name
216 Specify an alternative HP-UX cluster name to use.
218 Select from a variety of debug options. Prefixing an
219 option with the string
221 reverses the effect of that option. Options are cumulative.
222 The most useful option is
227 is only used for debugging other options are not documented here:
228 the current supported set of options is listed by the
231 and a fuller description is available in the program source.
232 .It Fl F Ar conf_file
235 configuration file to use. See
237 for description of this file's format. This configuration file is used to
238 specify any options in lieu of typing many of them on the command line. The
240 file includes directives for every command line option amd has,
241 and many more that are only available via the configuration file
242 facility. The configuration file specified by this option is
243 processed after all other options have been processed, regardless
244 of the actual location of this option on the command line.
246 Print help and usage string.
247 .It Fl O Ar op_sys_name
248 Override the compiled-in name of the operating system.
249 Useful when the built in name is not desired for backward
250 compatibility reasons.
251 For example, if the build in name is
253 you can override it to
255 and use older maps which were written with the latter in mind.
257 Do not lock the running executable pages of
259 into memory. To improve
261 performance, systems that support the
265 process into memory. This way there is less chance the operating system will
266 schedule, page out, and swap the
268 process as needed. This tends to improve
270 performance, at the cost of reserving the memory used by the
273 (making it unavailable for other processes).
274 If this behavior is not desired, use the
278 Specify a tag to use with
280 All Map entries tagged with tag will be processed.
281 Map entries that are not tagged are always processed.
282 Map entries that are tagged with a tag other than
284 will not be processed.
289 directory under which filesystems are dynamically mounted
291 default configuration file
294 Some care may be required when creating a mount map.
298 filesystem can be incredibly inefficient.
299 In most implementations of
301 their interpolations are not cached by
302 the kernel and each time a symbolic link is
305 translation it costs an
310 A large improvement in real-time
311 performance could be gained by adding a cache somewhere.
314 with a suitable incarnation of the auto-mounter
315 results in a large real-time speedup, but also causes a large
316 number of process context switches.
318 A weird imagination is most useful to gain full advantage of all
330 .%T Amd \- The 4.4 BSD Automounter
333 .Pa http://www.cs.columbia.edu/~ezk/am-utils/
335 .An Jan-Simon Pendry Aq jsp@doc.ic.ac.uk ,
336 Department of Computing, Imperial College, London, UK.
338 .An Erez Zadok Aq ezk@cs.columbia.edu ,
339 Department of Computer Science, Columbia University,
342 Other authors and contributors to am-utils are listed in the
344 file distributed with am-utils.
348 utility first appeared in