2 .\" Jordan Hubbard <jkh@FreeBSD.org>. All rights reserved.
4 .\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
5 .\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
7 .\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
8 .\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
9 .\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
10 .\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
11 .\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
13 .\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY Jordan Hubbard AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
14 .\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
15 .\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
16 .\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL Jordan Hubbard OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
17 .\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
18 .\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
19 .\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
20 .\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
21 .\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
22 .\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
25 .\" $FreeBSD: src/release/sysinstall/sysinstall.8,v 1.31.2.15 2002/07/03 21:19:29 jhb Exp $
32 .Nd system installation and configuration tool
40 is a utility for installing and configuring
43 It is the first utility invoked by the
46 floppy and is also copied into
50 systems for use in later configuring the system.
54 program is generally invoked without arguments for the default
55 behavior, where the main installation/configuration menu is presented.
57 On those occasions where it is deemed necessary to invoke a subsystem
58 of sysinstall directly, however, it is also possible to do so by
59 naming the appropriate function entry points on the command line.
60 Since this action is essentially identical to running an installation
61 script, each command-line argument corresponding to a line of script,
62 the reader is encouraged to read the section on scripting for more
63 information on this feature.
66 is essentially nothing more than a monolithic C program with
67 the ability to write MBRs and disk labels (through the services
70 library) and install distributions or packages onto new and
73 systems. It also contains some extra intelligence
74 for running as a replacement for
76 when it's invoked by the
78 installation boot procedure. It
79 assumes very little in the way of additional utility support and
80 performs most file system operations by calling the relevant syscalls
88 library to do user interaction with simple ANSI line graphics, color
89 support for which is enabled by either running on a syscons VTY or some
90 other color-capable terminal emulator (newer versions of xterm will support
95 This product is currently at the end of its life cycle and will
96 eventually be replaced.
99 may be either driven interactively through its various internal menus
100 or run in batch mode, driven by an external script. Such a script may
101 be loaded and executed in one of 3 ways:
103 .It Sy "LOAD_CONFIG_FILE"
106 is compiled with LOAD_CONFIG_FILE set in the environment
107 (or in the Makefile) to some value, then that value will
108 be used as the filename to automatically look for and load
111 starts up and with no user interaction required.
112 This option is aimed primarily at large sites who wish to create a
113 single prototype install for multiple machines with largely identical
114 configurations and/or installation options.
118 is run interactively, that is to say in the default manner, it will
119 bring up a main menu which contains a "load config file" option.
120 Selecting this option will prompt for the name of a script file which
121 it then will attempt to load from a DOS or UFS formatted floppy.
122 .It Sy "COMMAND LINE"
123 Each command line argument is treated as a script directive
126 is run in multi-user mode. Execution ends either by explicit request
129 directive), upon reaching the end of the argument list or on error.
133 /stand/sysinstall _ftpPath=ftp://ziggy/pub/ mediaSetFTP configPackages
138 for FTP installation media (using the server `ziggy') and then
139 bring up the package installation editor, exiting when finished.
142 A script is a list of one or more directives, each directive taking
154 is the assignment of some internal
156 variable, e.g. "ftpPass=FuNkYChiKn", and
158 is the name of an internal
160 function, e.g. "mediaSetFTP", and
162 is a single-line comment for documentation purposes (ignored by
163 sysinstall). Each directive must be by itself on a single line,
164 functions taking their arguments by examining known variable names.
165 This requires that you be sure to assign the relevant variables before
166 calling a function which requires them.
170 variable can be assigned before each directive: this will cause any error
171 detected while processing the directive itself to be ignored.
174 will automatically reset to the default "unassigned" every time a directive is
177 When and where a function depends on the settings of one or more variables
178 will be noted in the following table:
180 .Sy "Function Glossary" :
182 .Bl -tag -width indent
184 Invoke the Anonymous FTP configuration menu.
189 Select which routing daemon you wish to use, potentially
190 loading any required 3rd-party routing daemons as necessary.
193 .Bl -tag -width indent
195 can be set to the name of the desired routing daemon,
200 otherwise it is prompted for.
203 Configure host as an NFS server.
208 Configure host as a user of the Network Time Protocol.
211 .Bl -tag -width indent
215 that is to say the name of the server to sync from.
218 Configure host to support PC NFS.
221 .Bl -tag -width indent
223 The name of the PCNFSD package to load if necessary (defaults to hard coded
227 Bring up the interactive package management menu.
232 Add users and/or groups to the system.
236 .It configXEnvironment
237 Configure the X display subsystem.
241 .It diskPartitionEditor
242 Invokes the disk partition (MBR) editor.
245 .Bl -tag -width findx
247 The disk geometry, as a cyls/heads/sectors formatted string. Default: no
250 Set to disk partitioning type or size, its value being
252 in order to use only remaining free space for
255 to use the entire disk for
257 but maintain a proper partition
262 partition (first found),
265 .Dq dangerously dedicated
270 blocks of available free space to a new
273 Default: Interactive mode.
277 to signify the installation of a boot manager,
279 to signify installation of a "standard" non-boot MGR DOS
282 to indicate that no change to the boot manager is desired.
285 If set, bring up the interactive disk partition editor.
288 Note: Nothing is actually written to disk by this function, a explicit call to
289 .Ar diskPartitionWrite
290 being required for that to happen.
291 .It diskPartitionWrite
292 Causes any pending MBR changes (typically from the
293 .Ar diskPartitionEditor
294 function) to be written out.
299 Invokes the disk label editor. This is a bit trickier from a script
300 since you need to essentially label everything inside each
302 (type 0xA5) partition created by the
303 .Ar diskPartitionEditor
304 function, and that requires knowing a few rules about how things are
305 laid out. When creating a script to automatically allocate disk space
306 and partition it up, it is suggested that you first perform the
307 installation interactively at least once and take careful notes as to
308 what the slice names will be, then and only then hardwiring them into
311 For example, let's say you have a SCSI disk on which you've created a new
313 partition in slice 2 (your DOS partition residing in slice 1).
314 The slice name would be
320 being your DOS primary
321 partition). Now let's further assume that you have 500MB in this
322 partition and you want to sub-partition that space into root, swap,
323 var and usr file systems for
325 Your invocation of the
327 function might involve setting the following variables:
328 .Bl -tag -width findx
329 .It Li "da0s2-1=ufs 40960 /"
330 A 20MB root file system (all sizes are in 512 byte blocks).
331 .It Li "da0s2-2=swap 131072 /"
332 A 64MB swap partition.
333 .It Li "da0s2-3=ufs 204800 /var"
334 A 100MB /var file system.
335 .It Li "da0s2-4=ufs 0 /usr 1"
336 With the balance of free space (around 316MB) going to the /usr
337 file system and with soft-updates enabled (the argument following
338 the mount point, if non-zero, means to set the soft updates flag).
343 for mounting or erasing existing partitions as well as creating new
344 ones. Using the previous example again, let's say that we also wanted
345 to mount our DOS partition and make sure that an
347 entry is created for it in the new installation. Before calling the
349 function, we simply add an additional line:
353 before the call. This tells the label editor that you want to mount
356 and not to attempt to newfs it (not that
358 would attempt this for a DOS partition in any case, but it could just
359 as easily be an existing UFS partition being named here and the 2nd
360 field is non-optional).
364 variable to request that the disk label editor use an interactive dialog
365 to partition the disk instead of using variables to explicitly layout the
366 disk as described above.
368 Note: No file system data is actually written to disk until an
373 Writes out all pending disklabel information and creates and/or mounts any
374 file systems which have requests pending from the
381 Resets all selected distributions to the empty set (no distributions selected).
386 Allows the selection of a custom distribution set (e.g. not just on of the
387 existing "canned" sets) with no user interaction.
390 .Bl -tag -width indent
392 List of distributions to load. Possible distribution values are:
393 .Bl -tag -width indentxx
395 The base binary distribution.
397 Miscellaneous documentation
401 Manual pages (unformatted)
403 Pre-formatted manual pages
405 Profiled libraries for developers.
407 Dictionary information (for tools like spell).
409 GNU info files and other extra docs.
411 Encryption binaries and libraries.
426 a.out binary compatibility
443 The ports collection.
451 /usr/src/[top level files]
481 /usr/src/usr.sbin/sendmail/cf
483 XFree86 official sources.
485 XFree86 contributed sources.
489 XFree86 configuration files.
491 XFree86 documentation.
493 XFree86 HTML documentation.
497 XFree86 server link-kit for PC98 machines.
499 XFree86 server link-kit for standard machines.
501 XFree86 manual pages.
503 XFree86 programmer's distribution.
505 XFree86 postscript documentation.
507 XFree86 graphical setup tool.
508 .It Li PC98-Servers/X9480
509 XFree86 PC98 8-bit (256 color) PEGC-480 server.
510 .It Li PC98-Servers/X9EGC
511 XFree86 PC98 4-bit (16 color) EGC server.
512 .It Li PC98-Servers/X9GA9
513 XFree86 PC98 GA-968V4/PCI (S3 968) server.
514 .It Li PC98-Servers/X9GAN
515 XFree86 PC98 GANB-WAP (cirrus) server.
516 .It Li PC98-Servers/X9LPW
517 XFree86 PC98 PowerWindowLB (S3) server.
518 .It Li PC98-Servers/X9MGA
519 [DESCRIPTION MISSING]
520 .It Li PC98-Servers/X9NKV
521 XFree86 PC98 NKV-NEC (cirrus) server.
522 .It Li PC98-Servers/X9NS3
523 XFree86 PC98 NEC (S3) server.
524 .It Li PC98-Servers/X9SPW
525 XFree86 PC98 SKB-PowerWindow (S3) server.
526 .It Li PC98-Servers/X9SVG
527 [DESCRIPTION MISSING]
528 .It Li PC98-Servers/X9TGU
529 XFree86 PC98 Cyber9320 and TGUI9680 server.
530 .It Li PC98-Servers/X9WEP
531 XFree86 PC98 WAB-EP (cirrus) server.
532 .It Li PC98-Servers/X9WS
533 XFree86 PC98 WABS (cirrus) server.
534 .It Li PC98-Servers/X9WSN
535 XFree86 PC98 WSN-A2F (cirrus) server.
537 XFree86 3D Labs server.
541 XFree86 8 bit AGX server.
543 XFree86 #9 Imagine I128 server.
545 XFree86 ATI Mach8 server.
547 XFree86 ATI Mach32 server.
549 XFree86 ATI Mach64 server.
551 XFree86 monochrome server.
553 XFree86 P9000 server.
557 XFree86 S3 Virge server.
561 XFree86 VGA16 server.
563 XFree86 ET4000/W32, /W32i and /W32p server.
565 Server for TGA cards (alpha architecture only).
567 XFree86 nested X server.
569 XFree86 virtual frame-buffer X server.
571 XFree86 base font set.
573 XFree86 100DPI font set.
575 XFree86 Cyrillic font set.
577 XFree86 scalable font set.
579 XFree86 non-english font set.
585 Selects the standard Developer's distribution set.
589 .It distSetXDeveloper
590 Selects the standard X Developer's distribution set.
594 .It distSetKernDeveloper
595 Selects the standard kernel Developer's distribution set.
600 Selects the standard user distribution set.
605 Selects the standard X user's distribution set.
610 Selects the very minimum distribution set.
614 .It distSetEverything
615 Selects the full whack - all available distributions.
620 Interactively select encryption subcomponents.
625 Interactively select source subcomponents.
630 Interactively select XFree86 subcomponents.
635 Install all currently selected distributions (requires that
636 media device also be selected).
641 Install (if necessary) an HTML documentation browser and go to the
642 HTML documentation submenu.
645 .Bl -tag -width indent
647 The name of the browser package to try and install as necessary.
648 Defaults to latest links package.
650 The name of the browser binary itself (if overriding the
652 variable). Defaults to links.
655 Commit any and all pending changes to disk. This function
656 is essentially shorthand for a number of more granular "commit"
662 Start an "express" installation, asking few questions of
668 Start a "standard" installation, the most user-friendly
669 installation type available.
674 Start an upgrade installation.
678 .It installFixitHoloShell
679 Start up the "emergency holographic shell" over on VTY4
680 if running as init. This will also happen automatically
681 as part of the installation process unless
687 .It installFixitCDROM
688 Go into "fixit" mode, assuming a live file system CDROM
689 currently in the drive.
693 .It installFixitFloppy
694 Go into "fixit" mode, assuming an available fixit floppy
695 disk (user will be prompted for it).
699 .It installFilesystems
700 Do just the file system initialization part of an install.
704 .It installVarDefaults
705 Initialize all variables to their defaults, overriding any
711 Sort of like an #include statement, it allows you to load one
712 configuration file from another.
715 .Bl -tag -width indent
717 The fully qualified pathname of the file to load.
720 If a media device is open, close it.
727 CDROM as the installation media.
732 Select a pre-made floppy installation set as the installation media.
737 Select an existing DOS primary partition as the installation media.
738 The first primary partition found is used (e.g. C:).
743 Select a tape device as the installation media.
748 Select an FTP site as the installation media.
751 .Bl -tag -width indent
753 The name of the host being installed (non-optional).
755 The domain name of the host being installed (optional).
757 The default router for this host (non-optional).
759 Which host interface to use
763 for example. Non-optional).
765 If set, bring up the interactive network setup form even
766 if all relevant configuration variables are already set (optional).
768 The IP address for the selected host interface (non-optional).
770 The netmask for the selected host interface (non-optional).
772 The fully qualified URL of the FTP site containing the
774 distribution you're interested in, e.g.\&
775 .Ar ftp://ftp.FreeBSD.org/pub/FreeBSD/ .
777 .It mediaSetFTPActive
780 using "active" FTP transfer mode.
785 .It mediaSetFTPPassive
788 using "passive" FTP transfer mode.
802 .Bl -tag -width indent
804 The proxy to use (host:port) (non-optional).
807 Select an existing UFS partition (mounted with the label editor) as
808 the installation media.
811 .Bl -tag -width indent
813 full /path to directory containing the
821 .Bl -tag -width indent
823 The name of the host being installed (non-optional).
825 The domain name of the host being installed (optional).
827 The default router for this host (non-optional).
829 Which host interface to use
833 for example. Non-optional).
835 If set, bring up the interactive network setup form even
836 if all relevant configuration variables are already set (optional).
838 The IP address for the selected host interface (non-optional).
840 The netmask for the selected host interface (non-optional).
842 full hostname:/path specification for directory containing
845 distribution you're interested in.
847 .It mediaSetFTPUserPass
850 .Bl -tag -width indent
852 The username to log in as on the ftp server site.
855 The password to use for this username on the ftp
859 .It mediaSetCPIOVerbosity
862 .Bl -tag -width indent
864 Can be used to set the verbosity of cpio extractions to low, medium or
868 Interactively get the user to specify some type of media.
873 Invoke the interactive options editor.
878 Try to fetch and add a package to the system (requires
879 that a media type be set),
882 .Bl -tag -width indent
884 The name of the package to add, e.g. bash-1.14.7 or ncftp-2.4.2.
887 Invoke the interactive group editor.
892 Invoke the interactive user editor.
897 Stop the script and terminate sysinstall.
902 Execute an arbitrary command with
906 .Bl -tag -width indent
908 The name of the command to execute. When running
909 from a boot floppy, very minimal expectations should
910 be made as to what's available until/unless a relatively
911 full system installation has just been done.
914 Configure a network device.
924 For information about building a full release of
929 This utility may edit the contents of
934 as necessary to reflect changes in the network configuration.
936 If you have a reasonably complete source tree online, take
938 .Pa /usr/src/release/sysinstall/install.cfg
939 for a sample installation script.
941 This utility is a prototype which lasted several years past
942 its expiration date and is greatly in need of death.
944 .An Jordan K. Hubbard Aq jkh@FreeBSD.org