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32 .\" @(#)netstat.1 8.8 (Berkeley) 4/18/94
33 .\" $FreeBSD: src/usr.bin/netstat/netstat.1,v 1.22.2.13 2003/05/03 22:10:02 keramida Exp $
40 .Nd show network status
44 command symbolically displays the contents of various network-related
46 There are a number of output formats,
47 depending on the options for the information presented.
48 .Bl -tag -width indent
53 .Op Fl f Ar protocol_family | Fl p Ar protocol
58 Display a list of active sockets
59 (protocol control blocks)
60 for each network protocol,
68 show the address of a protocol control block (PCB)
69 associated with a socket; used for debugging.
73 show the state of all sockets;
74 normally sockets used by server processes are not shown.
78 show the size of the various listen queues.
79 The first count shows the number of unaccepted connections,
80 the second count shows the amount of unaccepted incomplete connections,
81 and the third count is the maximum number of queued connections.
85 show network addresses as numbers (as with
87 but show ports symbolically.
91 .Fl i | I Ar interface
93 .Op Fl f Ar address_family
98 Show the state of all network interfaces or a single
100 which have been auto-configured
101 (interfaces statically configured into a system, but not
102 located at boot time are not shown).
105 after an interface name indicates that the interface is
109 is also present, multicast addresses currently in use are shown
110 for each Ethernet interface and for each IP interface address.
111 Multicast addresses are shown on separate lines following the interface
112 address with which they are associated.
115 is also present, show the number of bytes in and out.
118 is also present, show the number of dropped packets.
121 is also present, show the contents of watchdog timers.
126 .Op Fl I Ar interface
135 display the information regarding packet
136 traffic on all configured network interfaces
141 is also present, show the number of dropped packets.
147 .Op Fl f Ar protocol_family | Fl p Ar protocol
152 Display system-wide statistics for each network protocol,
154 .Ar protocol_family ,
159 is repeated, counters with a value of zero are suppressed.
162 is also present, reset statistic counters after displaying them.
166 .Fl i | I Ar interface Fl s
167 .Op Fl f Ar protocol_family | Fl p Ar protocol
172 Display per-interface statistics for each network protocol,
174 .Ar protocol_family ,
185 Show statistics recorded by the memory management routines
187 The network manages a private pool of memory buffers.
193 .Op Fl f Ar address_family
198 Display the contents of all routing tables,
199 or a routing table for a particular
204 show the contents of the internal Patricia tree
205 structures; used for debugging.
209 show protocol-cloned routes
210 (routes generated by an
213 normally these routes are not shown.
230 Display routing statistics.
233 is repeated, counters with a value of zero are suppressed.
239 .Op Fl f Ar address_family
244 Show information related to multicast (group address) routing.
245 By default, show the IP Multicast virtual-interface and routing tables.
251 .Op Fl f Ar address_family
256 Show multicast routing statistics.
259 is repeated, counters with a value of zero are suppressed.
262 Some options have the general meaning:
264 .It Fl f Ar address_family , Fl p Ar protocol
265 Limit display to those records
270 The following address families and protocols are recognized:
272 .Bl -tag -width ".Cm netgraph , ng Pq Dv AF_NETGRAPH" -compact
275 .It Cm inet Pq Dv AF_INET
276 .Cm bdg , divert , icmp , igmp , ip , ipsec , tcp , udp
277 .It Cm inet6 Pq Dv AF_INET6
278 .Cm bdg , icmp6 , ip6 , ipsec6 , rip6 , tcp , udp
279 .It Cm pfkey Pq Dv PF_KEY
281 .It Cm atalk Pq Dv AF_APPLETALK
283 .It Cm netgraph , ng Pq Dv AF_NETGRAPH
285 .It Cm ipx Pq Dv AF_IPX
287 .\".It Cm ns Pq Dv AF_NS
288 .\".Cm idp , ns_err , spp
289 .\".It Cm iso Pq Dv AF_ISO
290 .\".Cm clnp , cltp , esis , tp
291 .It Cm unix Pq Dv AF_UNIX
292 .It Cm link Pq Dv AF_LINK
295 The program will complain if
297 is unknown or if there is no statistics routine for it.
301 option is equivalent to
304 Extract values associated with the name list from the specified core
305 instead of the default
308 Extract the name list from the specified system instead of the default,
309 which is the kernel image the system has booted from.
311 Show network addresses and ports as numbers.
314 attempts to resolve addresses and ports,
315 and display them symbolically.
317 In certain displays, avoid truncating addresses even if this causes
318 some fields to overflow.
321 The default display, for active sockets, shows the local
322 and remote addresses, send and receive queue sizes (in bytes), protocol,
323 and the internal state of the protocol.
324 Address formats are of the form
328 if a socket's address specifies a network but no specific host address.
329 When known, the host and network addresses are displayed symbolically
330 according to the databases
335 If a symbolic name for an address is unknown, or if
338 option is specified, the address is printed numerically, according
339 to the address family.
340 For more information regarding
348 addresses and ports appear as
351 The interface display provides a table of cumulative
352 statistics regarding packets transferred, errors, and collisions.
353 The network addresses of the interface
354 and the maximum transmission unit
358 The routing table display indicates the available routes and their status.
359 Each route consists of a destination host or network, and a gateway to use
360 in forwarding packets.
361 The flags field shows a collection of information about the route stored
363 The individual flags are discussed in more detail in the
368 The mapping between letters and flags is:
369 .Bl -column ".Li W" ".Dv RTF_WASCLONED"
370 .It Li 1 Ta Dv RTF_PROTO1 Ta "Protocol specific routing flag #1"
371 .It Li 2 Ta Dv RTF_PROTO2 Ta "Protocol specific routing flag #2"
372 .It Li 3 Ta Dv RTF_PROTO3 Ta "Protocol specific routing flag #3"
373 .It Li B Ta Dv RTF_BLACKHOLE Ta "Just discard pkts (during updates)"
374 .It Li b Ta Dv RTF_BROADCAST Ta "The route represents a broadcast address"
375 .It Li C Ta Dv RTF_CLONING Ta "Generate new routes on use"
376 .It Li c Ta Dv RTF_PRCLONING Ta "Protocol-specified generate new routes on use"
377 .It Li D Ta Dv RTF_DYNAMIC Ta "Created dynamically (by redirect)"
378 .It Li G Ta Dv RTF_GATEWAY Ta "Destination requires forwarding by intermediary"
379 .It Li H Ta Dv RTF_HOST Ta "Host entry (net otherwise)"
380 .It Li L Ta Dv RTF_LLINFO Ta "Valid protocol to link address translation"
381 .It Li M Ta Dv RTF_MODIFIED Ta "Modified dynamically (by redirect)"
382 .It Li R Ta Dv RTF_REJECT Ta "Host or net unreachable"
383 .It Li S Ta Dv RTF_STATIC Ta "Manually added"
384 .It Li U Ta Dv RTF_UP Ta "Route usable"
385 .It Li W Ta Dv RTF_WASCLONED Ta "Route was generated as a result of cloning"
386 .It Li X Ta Dv RTF_XRESOLVE Ta "External daemon translates proto to link address"
389 Direct routes are created for each
390 interface attached to the local host;
391 the gateway field for such entries shows the address of the outgoing interface.
392 The refcnt field gives the
393 current number of active uses of the route.
395 protocols normally hold on to a single route for the duration of
396 a connection while connectionless protocols obtain a route while sending
397 to the same destination.
398 The use field provides a count of the number of packets
399 sent using that route.
400 The interface entry indicates the network interface utilized for the route.
408 interval argument, it displays a running count of statistics related to
410 An obsolescent version of this option used a numeric parameter
411 with no option, and is currently supported for backward compatibility.
412 By default, this display summarizes information for all interfaces.
413 Information for a specific interface may be displayed with the
439 IPv6 support was added by WIDE/KAME project.
441 The notion of errors is ill-defined.