1 .\" $OpenBSD: sftp.1,v 1.131 2020/04/23 21:28:09 jmc Exp $
3 .\" Copyright (c) 2001 Damien Miller. All rights reserved.
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25 .Dd $Mdocdate: April 23 2020 $
30 .Nd OpenSSH secure file transfer
34 .Op Fl B Ar buffer_size
37 .Op Fl D Ar sftp_server_path
38 .Op Fl F Ar ssh_config
39 .Op Fl i Ar identity_file
40 .Op Fl J Ar destination
42 .Op Fl o Ar ssh_option
44 .Op Fl R Ar num_requests
46 .Op Fl s Ar subsystem | sftp_server
50 is a file transfer program, similar to
52 which performs all operations over an encrypted
55 It may also use many features of ssh, such as public key authentication and
60 may be specified either as
62 .Oo user @ Oc host Op : path
64 or as a URI in the form
66 .No sftp:// Oo user @ Oc host Oo : port Oc Op / path .
73 and it is not a directory,
75 will retrieve files automatically if a non-interactive
76 authentication method is used; otherwise it will do so after
77 successful interactive authentication.
81 is specified, or if the
85 will log in to the specified
87 and enter interactive command mode, changing to the remote directory
89 An optional trailing slash can be used to force the
91 to be interpreted as a directory.
93 Since the destination formats use colon characters to delimit host
94 names from path names or port numbers, IPv6 addresses must be
95 enclosed in square brackets to avoid ambiguity.
97 The options are as follows:
102 to use IPv4 addresses only.
106 to use IPv6 addresses only.
108 Attempt to continue interrupted transfers rather than overwriting
109 existing partial or complete copies of files.
110 If the partial contents differ from those being transferred,
111 then the resultant file is likely to be corrupt.
112 .It Fl B Ar buffer_size
113 Specify the size of the buffer that
115 uses when transferring files.
116 Larger buffers require fewer round trips at the cost of higher
118 The default is 32768 bytes.
119 .It Fl b Ar batchfile
120 Batch mode reads a series of commands from an input
124 Since it lacks user interaction it should be used in conjunction with
125 non-interactive authentication to obviate the need to enter a password
126 at connection time (see
136 may be used to indicate standard input.
138 will abort if any of the following
140 .Ic get , put , reget , reput , rename , ln ,
141 .Ic rm , mkdir , chdir , ls ,
142 .Ic lchdir , chmod , chown ,
143 .Ic chgrp , lpwd , df , symlink ,
147 Termination on error can be suppressed on a command by command basis by
148 prefixing the command with a
150 character (for example,
151 .Ic -rm /tmp/blah* ) .
152 Echo of the command may be suppressed by prefixing the command with a
155 These two prefixes may be combined in any order, for example
158 Enables compression (via ssh's
162 Selects the cipher to use for encrypting the data transfers.
163 This option is directly passed to
165 .It Fl D Ar sftp_server_path
166 Connect directly to a local sftp server
169 This option may be useful in debugging the client and server.
170 .It Fl F Ar ssh_config
171 Specifies an alternative
172 per-user configuration file for
174 This option is directly passed to
177 Requests that files be flushed to disk immediately after transfer.
178 When uploading files, this feature is only enabled if the server
179 implements the "fsync@openssh.com" extension.
180 .It Fl i Ar identity_file
181 Selects the file from which the identity (private key) for public key
182 authentication is read.
183 This option is directly passed to
185 .It Fl J Ar destination
186 Connect to the target host by first making an
188 connection to the jump host described by
190 and then establishing a TCP forwarding to the ultimate destination from
192 Multiple jump hops may be specified separated by comma characters.
193 This is a shortcut to specify a
195 configuration directive.
196 This option is directly passed to
199 Limits the used bandwidth, specified in Kbit/s.
201 Disables quiet mode, e.g. to override the implicit quiet mode set by the
204 .It Fl o Ar ssh_option
205 Can be used to pass options to
207 in the format used in
209 This is useful for specifying options
210 for which there is no separate
213 For example, to specify an alternate port use:
215 For full details of the options listed below, and their possible values, see
218 .Bl -tag -width Ds -offset indent -compact
224 .It CanonicalizeFallbackLocal
225 .It CanonicalizeHostname
226 .It CanonicalizeMaxDots
227 .It CanonicalizePermittedCNAMEs
228 .It CASignatureAlgorithms
230 .It ChallengeResponseAuthentication
234 .It ConnectionAttempts
239 .It GlobalKnownHostsFile
240 .It GSSAPIAuthentication
241 .It GSSAPIDelegateCredentials
244 .It HostbasedAuthentication
245 .It HostbasedKeyTypes
246 .It HostKeyAlgorithms
253 .It KbdInteractiveAuthentication
254 .It KbdInteractiveDevices
258 .It NoHostAuthenticationForLocalhost
259 .It NumberOfPasswordPrompts
260 .It PasswordAuthentication
263 .It PreferredAuthentications
266 .It PubkeyAcceptedKeyTypes
267 .It PubkeyAuthentication
270 .It ServerAliveInterval
271 .It ServerAliveCountMax
273 .It StrictHostKeyChecking
277 .It UserKnownHostsFile
281 Specifies the port to connect to on the remote host.
283 Preserves modification times, access times, and modes from the
284 original files transferred.
286 Quiet mode: disables the progress meter as well as warning and
287 diagnostic messages from
289 .It Fl R Ar num_requests
290 Specify how many requests may be outstanding at any one time.
291 Increasing this may slightly improve file transfer speed
292 but will increase memory usage.
293 The default is 64 outstanding requests.
295 Recursively copy entire directories when uploading and downloading.
298 does not follow symbolic links encountered in the tree traversal.
302 to use for the encrypted connection.
303 The program must understand
306 .It Fl s Ar subsystem | sftp_server
307 Specifies the SSH2 subsystem or the path for an sftp server
309 A path is useful when the remote
311 does not have an sftp subsystem configured.
314 This option is also passed to ssh.
316 .Sh INTERACTIVE COMMANDS
317 Once in interactive mode,
319 understands a set of commands similar to those of
321 Commands are case insensitive.
322 Pathnames that contain spaces must be enclosed in quotes.
323 Any special characters contained within pathnames that are recognized by
325 must be escaped with backslashes
332 Change remote directory to
336 is not specified, then change directory to the one the session started in.
348 flag is specified, then symlinks will not be followed.
352 characters and may match multiple files.
354 must be a numeric GID.
360 Change permissions of file
366 flag is specified, then symlinks will not be followed.
370 characters and may match multiple files.
382 flag is specified, then symlinks will not be followed.
386 characters and may match multiple files.
388 must be a numeric UID.
393 Display usage information for the filesystem holding the current directory
399 flag is specified, the capacity information will be displayed using
400 "human-readable" suffixes.
403 flag requests display of inode information in addition to capacity information.
404 This command is only supported on servers that implement the
405 .Dq statvfs@openssh.com
417 and store it on the local machine.
419 path name is not specified, it is given the same name it has on the
424 characters and may match multiple files.
429 must specify a directory.
433 flag is specified, then attempt to resume partial transfers of existing files.
434 Note that resumption assumes that any partial copy of the local file matches
436 If the remote file contents differ from the partial local copy then the
437 resultant file is likely to be corrupt.
441 flag is specified, then
443 will be called after the file transfer has completed to flush the file
448 .\" undocumented redundant alias
451 flag is specified, then full file permissions and access times are
456 .\" undocumented redundant alias
459 flag is specified then directories will be copied recursively.
462 does not follow symbolic links when performing recursive transfers.
465 .It Ic lcd Op Ar path
466 Change local directory to
470 is not specified, then change directory to the local user's home directory.
471 .It Ic lls Op Ar ls-options Op Ar path
472 Display local directory listing of either
474 or current directory if
478 may contain any flags supported by the local system's
484 characters and may match multiple files.
485 .It Ic lmkdir Ar path
486 Create local directory specified by
499 flag is specified the created link is a symbolic link, otherwise it is
502 Print local working directory.
507 Display a remote directory listing of either
509 or the current directory if
515 characters and may match multiple files.
517 The following flags are recognized and alter the behaviour of
522 Produce single columnar output.
524 List files beginning with a dot
527 Do not sort the listing.
528 The default sort order is lexicographical.
530 When used with a long format option, use unit suffixes: Byte, Kilobyte,
531 Megabyte, Gigabyte, Terabyte, Petabyte, and Exabyte in order to reduce
532 the number of digits to four or fewer using powers of 2 for sizes (K=1024,
535 Display additional details including permissions
536 and ownership information.
538 Produce a long listing with user and group information presented
541 Reverse the sort order of the listing.
543 Sort the listing by file size.
545 Sort the listing by last modification time.
547 .It Ic lumask Ar umask
551 Create remote directory specified by
554 Toggle display of progress meter.
562 and store it on the remote machine.
563 If the remote path name is not specified, it is given the same name it has
564 on the local machine.
568 characters and may match multiple files.
573 must specify a directory.
577 flag is specified, then attempt to resume partial
578 transfers of existing files.
579 Note that resumption assumes that any partial copy of the remote file
580 matches the local copy.
581 If the local file contents differ from the remote local copy then
582 the resultant file is likely to be corrupt.
586 flag is specified, then a request will be sent to the server to call
588 after the file has been transferred.
589 Note that this is only supported by servers that implement
590 the "fsync@openssh.com" extension.
594 .\" undocumented redundant alias
597 flag is specified, then full file permissions and access times are
602 .\" undocumented redundant alias
605 flag is specified then directories will be copied recursively.
608 does not follow symbolic links when performing recursive transfers.
610 Display remote working directory.
638 .It Ic rename Ar oldpath newpath
639 Rename remote file from
644 Delete remote file specified by
647 Remove remote directory specified by
649 .It Ic symlink Ar oldpath newpath
650 Create a symbolic link from
658 .It Ic \&! Ns Ar command
663 Escape to local shell.
681 .%T "SSH File Transfer Protocol"
682 .%N draft-ietf-secsh-filexfer-00.txt
684 .%O work in progress material