crypto/openssh/ssh-keygen.c

   1 /* $OpenBSD: ssh-keygen.c,v 1.437 2021/09/08 03:23:44 djm Exp $ */
   2 /*
   3  * Author: Tatu Ylonen <ylo@cs.hut.fi>
   4  * Copyright (c) 1994 Tatu Ylonen <ylo@cs.hut.fi>, Espoo, Finland
   5  *                    All rights reserved
   6  * Identity and host key generation and maintenance.
   7  *
   8  * As far as I am concerned, the code I have written for this software
   9  * can be used freely for any purpose.  Any derived versions of this
  10  * software must be clearly marked as such, and if the derived work is
  11  * incompatible with the protocol description in the RFC file, it must be
  12  * called by a name other than "ssh" or "Secure Shell".
  13  */
  14
  15 #include "includes.h"
  16
  17 #include <sys/types.h>
  18 #include <sys/socket.h>
  19 #include <sys/stat.h>
  20
  21 #ifdef WITH_OPENSSL
  22 #include <openssl/evp.h>
  23 #include <openssl/pem.h>
  24 #include "openbsd-compat/openssl-compat.h"
  25 #endif
  26
  27 #ifdef HAVE_STDINT_H
  28 # include <stdint.h>
  29 #endif
  30 #include <errno.h>
  31 #include <fcntl.h>
  32 #include <netdb.h>
  33 #ifdef HAVE_PATHS_H
  34 # include <paths.h>
  35 #endif
  36 #include <pwd.h>
  37 #include <stdarg.h>
  38 #include <stdio.h>
  39 #include <stdlib.h>
  40 #include <string.h>
  41 #include <unistd.h>
  42 #include <limits.h>
  43 #include <locale.h>
  44 #include <time.h>
  45
  46 #include "xmalloc.h"
  47 #include "sshkey.h"
  48 #include "authfile.h"
  49 #include "sshbuf.h"
  50 #include "pathnames.h"
  51 #include "log.h"
  52 #include "misc.h"
  53 #include "match.h"
  54 #include "hostfile.h"
  55 #include "dns.h"
  56 #include "ssh.h"
  57 #include "ssh2.h"
  58 #include "ssherr.h"
  59 #include "ssh-pkcs11.h"
  60 #include "atomicio.h"
  61 #include "krl.h"
  62 #include "digest.h"
  63 #include "utf8.h"
  64 #include "authfd.h"
  65 #include "sshsig.h"
  66 #include "ssh-sk.h"
  67 #include "sk-api.h" /* XXX for SSH_SK_USER_PRESENCE_REQD; remove */
  68 #include "cipher.h"
  69
  70 #ifdef WITH_OPENSSL
  71 # define DEFAULT_KEY_TYPE_NAME "rsa"
  72 #else
  73 # define DEFAULT_KEY_TYPE_NAME "ed25519"
  74 #endif
  75
  76 /*
  77  * Default number of bits in the RSA, DSA and ECDSA keys.  These value can be
  78  * overridden on the command line.
  79  *
  80  * These values, with the exception of DSA, provide security equivalent to at
  81  * least 128 bits of security according to NIST Special Publication 800-57:
  82  * Recommendation for Key Management Part 1 rev 4 section 5.6.1.
  83  * For DSA it (and FIPS-186-4 section 4.2) specifies that the only size for
  84  * which a 160bit hash is acceptable is 1kbit, and since ssh-dss specifies only
  85  * SHA1 we limit the DSA key size 1k bits.
  86  */
  87 #define DEFAULT_BITS            3072
  88 #define DEFAULT_BITS_DSA        1024
  89 #define DEFAULT_BITS_ECDSA      256
  90
  91 static int quiet = 0;
  92
  93 /* Flag indicating that we just want to see the key fingerprint */
  94 static int print_fingerprint = 0;
  95 static int print_bubblebabble = 0;
  96
  97 /* Hash algorithm to use for fingerprints. */
  98 static int fingerprint_hash = SSH_FP_HASH_DEFAULT;
  99
 100 /* The identity file name, given on the command line or entered by the user. */
 101 static char identity_file[PATH_MAX];
 102 static int have_identity = 0;
 103
 104 /* This is set to the passphrase if given on the command line. */
 105 static char *identity_passphrase = NULL;
 106
 107 /* This is set to the new passphrase if given on the command line. */
 108 static char *identity_new_passphrase = NULL;
 109
 110 /* Key type when certifying */
 111 static u_int cert_key_type = SSH2_CERT_TYPE_USER;
 112
 113 /* "key ID" of signed key */
 114 static char *cert_key_id = NULL;
 115
 116 /* Comma-separated list of principal names for certifying keys */
 117 static char *cert_principals = NULL;
 118
 119 /* Validity period for certificates */
 120 static u_int64_t cert_valid_from = 0;
 121 static u_int64_t cert_valid_to = ~0ULL;
 122
 123 /* Certificate options */
 124 #define CERTOPT_X_FWD                           (1)
 125 #define CERTOPT_AGENT_FWD                       (1<<1)
 126 #define CERTOPT_PORT_FWD                        (1<<2)
 127 #define CERTOPT_PTY                             (1<<3)
 128 #define CERTOPT_USER_RC                         (1<<4)
 129 #define CERTOPT_NO_REQUIRE_USER_PRESENCE        (1<<5)
 130 #define CERTOPT_DEFAULT (CERTOPT_X_FWD|CERTOPT_AGENT_FWD| \
 131                          CERTOPT_PORT_FWD|CERTOPT_PTY|CERTOPT_USER_RC)
 132 static u_int32_t certflags_flags = CERTOPT_DEFAULT;
 133 static char *certflags_command = NULL;
 134 static char *certflags_src_addr = NULL;
 135
 136 /* Arbitrary extensions specified by user */
 137 struct cert_ext {
 138         char *key;
 139         char *val;
 140         int crit;
 141 };
 142 static struct cert_ext *cert_ext;
 143 static size_t ncert_ext;
 144
 145 /* Conversion to/from various formats */
 146 enum {
 147         FMT_RFC4716,
 148         FMT_PKCS8,
 149         FMT_PEM
 150 } convert_format = FMT_RFC4716;
 151
 152 static char *key_type_name = NULL;
 153
 154 /* Load key from this PKCS#11 provider */
 155 static char *pkcs11provider = NULL;
 156
 157 /* FIDO/U2F provider to use */
 158 static char *sk_provider = NULL;
 159
 160 /* Format for writing private keys */
 161 static int private_key_format = SSHKEY_PRIVATE_OPENSSH;
 162
 163 /* Cipher for new-format private keys */
 164 static char *openssh_format_cipher = NULL;
 165
 166 /* Number of KDF rounds to derive new format keys. */
 167 static int rounds = 0;
 168
 169 /* argv0 */
 170 extern char *__progname;
 171
 172 static char hostname[NI_MAXHOST];
 173
 174 #ifdef WITH_OPENSSL
 175 /* moduli.c */
 176 int gen_candidates(FILE *, u_int32_t, u_int32_t, BIGNUM *);
 177 int prime_test(FILE *, FILE *, u_int32_t, u_int32_t, char *, unsigned long,
 178     unsigned long);
 179 #endif
 180
 181 static void
 182 type_bits_valid(int type, const char *name, u_int32_t *bitsp)
 183 {
 184         if (type == KEY_UNSPEC)
 185                 fatal("unknown key type %s", key_type_name);
 186         if (*bitsp == 0) {
 187 #ifdef WITH_OPENSSL
 188                 int nid;
 189
 190                 switch(type) {
 191                 case KEY_DSA:
 192                         *bitsp = DEFAULT_BITS_DSA;
 193                         break;
 194                 case KEY_ECDSA:
 195                         if (name != NULL &&
 196                             (nid = sshkey_ecdsa_nid_from_name(name)) > 0)
 197                                 *bitsp = sshkey_curve_nid_to_bits(nid);
 198                         if (*bitsp == 0)
 199                                 *bitsp = DEFAULT_BITS_ECDSA;
 200                         break;
 201                 case KEY_RSA:
 202                         *bitsp = DEFAULT_BITS;
 203                         break;
 204                 }
 205 #endif
 206         }
 207 #ifdef WITH_OPENSSL
 208         switch (type) {
 209         case KEY_DSA:
 210                 if (*bitsp != 1024)
 211                         fatal("Invalid DSA key length: must be 1024 bits");
 212                 break;
 213         case KEY_RSA:
 214                 if (*bitsp < SSH_RSA_MINIMUM_MODULUS_SIZE)
 215                         fatal("Invalid RSA key length: minimum is %d bits",
 216                             SSH_RSA_MINIMUM_MODULUS_SIZE);
 217                 else if (*bitsp > OPENSSL_RSA_MAX_MODULUS_BITS)
 218                         fatal("Invalid RSA key length: maximum is %d bits",
 219                             OPENSSL_RSA_MAX_MODULUS_BITS);
 220                 break;
 221         case KEY_ECDSA:
 222                 if (sshkey_ecdsa_bits_to_nid(*bitsp) == -1)
 223 #ifdef OPENSSL_HAS_NISTP521
 224                         fatal("Invalid ECDSA key length: valid lengths are "
 225                             "256, 384 or 521 bits");
 226 #else
 227                         fatal("Invalid ECDSA key length: valid lengths are "
 228                             "256 or 384 bits");
 229 #endif
 230         }
 231 #endif
 232 }
 233
 234 /*
 235  * Checks whether a file exists and, if so, asks the user whether they wish
 236  * to overwrite it.
 237  * Returns nonzero if the file does not already exist or if the user agrees to
 238  * overwrite, or zero otherwise.
 239  */
 240 static int
 241 confirm_overwrite(const char *filename)
 242 {
 243         char yesno[3];
 244         struct stat st;
 245
 246         if (stat(filename, &st) != 0)
 247                 return 1;
 248         printf("%s already exists.\n", filename);
 249         printf("Overwrite (y/n)? ");
 250         fflush(stdout);
 251         if (fgets(yesno, sizeof(yesno), stdin) == NULL)
 252                 return 0;
 253         if (yesno[0] != 'y' && yesno[0] != 'Y')
 254                 return 0;
 255         return 1;
 256 }
 257
 258 static void
 259 ask_filename(struct passwd *pw, const char *prompt)
 260 {
 261         char buf[1024];
 262         char *name = NULL;
 263
 264         if (key_type_name == NULL)
 265                 name = _PATH_SSH_CLIENT_ID_RSA;
 266         else {
 267                 switch (sshkey_type_from_name(key_type_name)) {
 268                 case KEY_DSA_CERT:
 269                 case KEY_DSA:
 270                         name = _PATH_SSH_CLIENT_ID_DSA;
 271                         break;
 272 #ifdef OPENSSL_HAS_ECC
 273                 case KEY_ECDSA_CERT:
 274                 case KEY_ECDSA:
 275                         name = _PATH_SSH_CLIENT_ID_ECDSA;
 276                         break;
 277                 case KEY_ECDSA_SK_CERT:
 278                 case KEY_ECDSA_SK:
 279                         name = _PATH_SSH_CLIENT_ID_ECDSA_SK;
 280                         break;
 281 #endif
 282                 case KEY_RSA_CERT:
 283                 case KEY_RSA:
 284                         name = _PATH_SSH_CLIENT_ID_RSA;
 285                         break;
 286                 case KEY_ED25519:
 287                 case KEY_ED25519_CERT:
 288                         name = _PATH_SSH_CLIENT_ID_ED25519;
 289                         break;
 290                 case KEY_ED25519_SK:
 291                 case KEY_ED25519_SK_CERT:
 292                         name = _PATH_SSH_CLIENT_ID_ED25519_SK;
 293                         break;
 294                 case KEY_XMSS:
 295                 case KEY_XMSS_CERT:
 296                         name = _PATH_SSH_CLIENT_ID_XMSS;
 297                         break;
 298                 default:
 299                         fatal("bad key type");
 300                 }
 301         }
 302         snprintf(identity_file, sizeof(identity_file),
 303             "%s/%s", pw->pw_dir, name);
 304         printf("%s (%s): ", prompt, identity_file);
 305         fflush(stdout);
 306         if (fgets(buf, sizeof(buf), stdin) == NULL)
 307                 exit(1);
 308         buf[strcspn(buf, "\n")] = '\0';
 309         if (strcmp(buf, "") != 0)
 310                 strlcpy(identity_file, buf, sizeof(identity_file));
 311         have_identity = 1;
 312 }
 313
 314 static struct sshkey *
 315 load_identity(const char *filename, char **commentp)
 316 {
 317         char *pass;
 318         struct sshkey *prv;
 319         int r;
 320
 321         if (commentp != NULL)
 322                 *commentp = NULL;
 323         if ((r = sshkey_load_private(filename, "", &prv, commentp)) == 0)
 324                 return prv;
 325         if (r != SSH_ERR_KEY_WRONG_PASSPHRASE)
 326                 fatal_r(r, "Load key \"%s\"", filename);
 327         if (identity_passphrase)
 328                 pass = xstrdup(identity_passphrase);
 329         else
 330                 pass = read_passphrase("Enter passphrase: ", RP_ALLOW_STDIN);
 331         r = sshkey_load_private(filename, pass, &prv, commentp);
 332         freezero(pass, strlen(pass));
 333         if (r != 0)
 334                 fatal_r(r, "Load key \"%s\"", filename);
 335         return prv;
 336 }
 337
 338 #define SSH_COM_PUBLIC_BEGIN            "---- BEGIN SSH2 PUBLIC KEY ----"
 339 #define SSH_COM_PUBLIC_END              "---- END SSH2 PUBLIC KEY ----"
 340 #define SSH_COM_PRIVATE_BEGIN           "---- BEGIN SSH2 ENCRYPTED PRIVATE KEY ----"
 341 #define SSH_COM_PRIVATE_KEY_MAGIC       0x3f6ff9eb
 342
 343 #ifdef WITH_OPENSSL
 344 static void
 345 do_convert_to_ssh2(struct passwd *pw, struct sshkey *k)
 346 {
 347         struct sshbuf *b;
 348         char comment[61], *b64;
 349         int r;
 350
 351         if ((b = sshbuf_new()) == NULL)
 352                 fatal_f("sshbuf_new failed");
 353         if ((r = sshkey_putb(k, b)) != 0)
 354                 fatal_fr(r, "put key");
 355         if ((b64 = sshbuf_dtob64_string(b, 1)) == NULL)
 356                 fatal_f("sshbuf_dtob64_string failed");
 357
 358         /* Comment + surrounds must fit into 72 chars (RFC 4716 sec 3.3) */
 359         snprintf(comment, sizeof(comment),
 360             "%u-bit %s, converted by %s@%s from OpenSSH",
 361             sshkey_size(k), sshkey_type(k),
 362             pw->pw_name, hostname);
 363
 364         sshkey_free(k);
 365         sshbuf_free(b);
 366
 367         fprintf(stdout, "%s\n", SSH_COM_PUBLIC_BEGIN);
 368         fprintf(stdout, "Comment: \"%s\"\n%s", comment, b64);
 369         fprintf(stdout, "%s\n", SSH_COM_PUBLIC_END);
 370         free(b64);
 371         exit(0);
 372 }
 373
 374 static void
 375 do_convert_to_pkcs8(struct sshkey *k)
 376 {
 377         switch (sshkey_type_plain(k->type)) {
 378         case KEY_RSA:
 379                 if (!PEM_write_RSA_PUBKEY(stdout, k->rsa))
 380                         fatal("PEM_write_RSA_PUBKEY failed");
 381                 break;
 382         case KEY_DSA:
 383                 if (!PEM_write_DSA_PUBKEY(stdout, k->dsa))
 384                         fatal("PEM_write_DSA_PUBKEY failed");
 385                 break;
 386 #ifdef OPENSSL_HAS_ECC
 387         case KEY_ECDSA:
 388                 if (!PEM_write_EC_PUBKEY(stdout, k->ecdsa))
 389                         fatal("PEM_write_EC_PUBKEY failed");
 390                 break;
 391 #endif
 392         default:
 393                 fatal_f("unsupported key type %s", sshkey_type(k));
 394         }
 395         exit(0);
 396 }
 397
 398 static void
 399 do_convert_to_pem(struct sshkey *k)
 400 {
 401         switch (sshkey_type_plain(k->type)) {
 402         case KEY_RSA:
 403                 if (!PEM_write_RSAPublicKey(stdout, k->rsa))
 404                         fatal("PEM_write_RSAPublicKey failed");
 405                 break;
 406         case KEY_DSA:
 407                 if (!PEM_write_DSA_PUBKEY(stdout, k->dsa))
 408                         fatal("PEM_write_DSA_PUBKEY failed");
 409                 break;
 410 #ifdef OPENSSL_HAS_ECC
 411         case KEY_ECDSA:
 412                 if (!PEM_write_EC_PUBKEY(stdout, k->ecdsa))
 413                         fatal("PEM_write_EC_PUBKEY failed");
 414                 break;
 415 #endif
 416         default:
 417                 fatal_f("unsupported key type %s", sshkey_type(k));
 418         }
 419         exit(0);
 420 }
 421
 422 static void
 423 do_convert_to(struct passwd *pw)
 424 {
 425         struct sshkey *k;
 426         struct stat st;
 427         int r;
 428
 429         if (!have_identity)
 430                 ask_filename(pw, "Enter file in which the key is");
 431         if (stat(identity_file, &st) == -1)
 432                 fatal("%s: %s: %s", __progname, identity_file, strerror(errno));
 433         if ((r = sshkey_load_public(identity_file, &k, NULL)) != 0)
 434                 k = load_identity(identity_file, NULL);
 435         switch (convert_format) {
 436         case FMT_RFC4716:
 437                 do_convert_to_ssh2(pw, k);
 438                 break;
 439         case FMT_PKCS8:
 440                 do_convert_to_pkcs8(k);
 441                 break;
 442         case FMT_PEM:
 443                 do_convert_to_pem(k);
 444                 break;
 445         default:
 446                 fatal_f("unknown key format %d", convert_format);
 447         }
 448         exit(0);
 449 }
 450
 451 /*
 452  * This is almost exactly the bignum1 encoding, but with 32 bit for length
 453  * instead of 16.
 454  */
 455 static void
 456 buffer_get_bignum_bits(struct sshbuf *b, BIGNUM *value)
 457 {
 458         u_int bytes, bignum_bits;
 459         int r;
 460
 461         if ((r = sshbuf_get_u32(b, &bignum_bits)) != 0)
 462                 fatal_fr(r, "parse");
 463         bytes = (bignum_bits + 7) / 8;
 464         if (sshbuf_len(b) < bytes)
 465                 fatal_f("input buffer too small: need %d have %zu",
 466                     bytes, sshbuf_len(b));
 467         if (BN_bin2bn(sshbuf_ptr(b), bytes, value) == NULL)
 468                 fatal_f("BN_bin2bn failed");
 469         if ((r = sshbuf_consume(b, bytes)) != 0)
 470                 fatal_fr(r, "consume");
 471 }
 472
 473 static struct sshkey *
 474 do_convert_private_ssh2(struct sshbuf *b)
 475 {
 476         struct sshkey *key = NULL;
 477         char *type, *cipher;
 478         u_char e1, e2, e3, *sig = NULL, data[] = "abcde12345";
 479         int r, rlen, ktype;
 480         u_int magic, i1, i2, i3, i4;
 481         size_t slen;
 482         u_long e;
 483         BIGNUM *dsa_p = NULL, *dsa_q = NULL, *dsa_g = NULL;
 484         BIGNUM *dsa_pub_key = NULL, *dsa_priv_key = NULL;
 485         BIGNUM *rsa_n = NULL, *rsa_e = NULL, *rsa_d = NULL;
 486         BIGNUM *rsa_p = NULL, *rsa_q = NULL, *rsa_iqmp = NULL;
 487
 488         if ((r = sshbuf_get_u32(b, &magic)) != 0)
 489                 fatal_fr(r, "parse magic");
 490
 491         if (magic != SSH_COM_PRIVATE_KEY_MAGIC) {
 492                 error("bad magic 0x%x != 0x%x", magic,
 493                     SSH_COM_PRIVATE_KEY_MAGIC);
 494                 return NULL;
 495         }
 496         if ((r = sshbuf_get_u32(b, &i1)) != 0 ||
 497             (r = sshbuf_get_cstring(b, &type, NULL)) != 0 ||
 498             (r = sshbuf_get_cstring(b, &cipher, NULL)) != 0 ||
 499             (r = sshbuf_get_u32(b, &i2)) != 0 ||
 500             (r = sshbuf_get_u32(b, &i3)) != 0 ||
 501             (r = sshbuf_get_u32(b, &i4)) != 0)
 502                 fatal_fr(r, "parse");
 503         debug("ignore (%d %d %d %d)", i1, i2, i3, i4);
 504         if (strcmp(cipher, "none") != 0) {
 505                 error("unsupported cipher %s", cipher);
 506                 free(cipher);
 507                 free(type);
 508                 return NULL;
 509         }
 510         free(cipher);
 511
 512         if (strstr(type, "dsa")) {
 513                 ktype = KEY_DSA;
 514         } else if (strstr(type, "rsa")) {
 515                 ktype = KEY_RSA;
 516         } else {
 517                 free(type);
 518                 return NULL;
 519         }
 520         if ((key = sshkey_new(ktype)) == NULL)
 521                 fatal("sshkey_new failed");
 522         free(type);
 523
 524         switch (key->type) {
 525         case KEY_DSA:
 526                 if ((dsa_p = BN_new()) == NULL ||
 527                     (dsa_q = BN_new()) == NULL ||
 528                     (dsa_g = BN_new()) == NULL ||
 529                     (dsa_pub_key = BN_new()) == NULL ||
 530                     (dsa_priv_key = BN_new()) == NULL)
 531                         fatal_f("BN_new");
 532                 buffer_get_bignum_bits(b, dsa_p);
 533                 buffer_get_bignum_bits(b, dsa_g);
 534                 buffer_get_bignum_bits(b, dsa_q);
 535                 buffer_get_bignum_bits(b, dsa_pub_key);
 536                 buffer_get_bignum_bits(b, dsa_priv_key);
 537                 if (!DSA_set0_pqg(key->dsa, dsa_p, dsa_q, dsa_g))
 538                         fatal_f("DSA_set0_pqg failed");
 539                 dsa_p = dsa_q = dsa_g = NULL; /* transferred */
 540                 if (!DSA_set0_key(key->dsa, dsa_pub_key, dsa_priv_key))
 541                         fatal_f("DSA_set0_key failed");
 542                 dsa_pub_key = dsa_priv_key = NULL; /* transferred */
 543                 break;
 544         case KEY_RSA:
 545                 if ((r = sshbuf_get_u8(b, &e1)) != 0 ||
 546                     (e1 < 30 && (r = sshbuf_get_u8(b, &e2)) != 0) ||
 547                     (e1 < 30 && (r = sshbuf_get_u8(b, &e3)) != 0))
 548                         fatal_fr(r, "parse RSA");
 549                 e = e1;
 550                 debug("e %lx", e);
 551                 if (e < 30) {
 552                         e <<= 8;
 553                         e += e2;
 554                         debug("e %lx", e);
 555                         e <<= 8;
 556                         e += e3;
 557                         debug("e %lx", e);
 558                 }
 559                 if ((rsa_e = BN_new()) == NULL)
 560                         fatal_f("BN_new");
 561                 if (!BN_set_word(rsa_e, e)) {
 562                         BN_clear_free(rsa_e);
 563                         sshkey_free(key);
 564                         return NULL;
 565                 }
 566                 if ((rsa_n = BN_new()) == NULL ||
 567                     (rsa_d = BN_new()) == NULL ||
 568                     (rsa_p = BN_new()) == NULL ||
 569                     (rsa_q = BN_new()) == NULL ||
 570                     (rsa_iqmp = BN_new()) == NULL)
 571                         fatal_f("BN_new");
 572                 buffer_get_bignum_bits(b, rsa_d);
 573                 buffer_get_bignum_bits(b, rsa_n);
 574                 buffer_get_bignum_bits(b, rsa_iqmp);
 575                 buffer_get_bignum_bits(b, rsa_q);
 576                 buffer_get_bignum_bits(b, rsa_p);
 577                 if (!RSA_set0_key(key->rsa, rsa_n, rsa_e, rsa_d))
 578                         fatal_f("RSA_set0_key failed");
 579                 rsa_n = rsa_e = rsa_d = NULL; /* transferred */
 580                 if (!RSA_set0_factors(key->rsa, rsa_p, rsa_q))
 581                         fatal_f("RSA_set0_factors failed");
 582                 rsa_p = rsa_q = NULL; /* transferred */
 583                 if ((r = ssh_rsa_complete_crt_parameters(key, rsa_iqmp)) != 0)
 584                         fatal_fr(r, "generate RSA parameters");
 585                 BN_clear_free(rsa_iqmp);
 586                 break;
 587         }
 588         rlen = sshbuf_len(b);
 589         if (rlen != 0)
 590                 error_f("remaining bytes in key blob %d", rlen);
 591
 592         /* try the key */
 593         if (sshkey_sign(key, &sig, &slen, data, sizeof(data),
 594             NULL, NULL, NULL, 0) != 0 ||
 595             sshkey_verify(key, sig, slen, data, sizeof(data),
 596             NULL, 0, NULL) != 0) {
 597                 sshkey_free(key);
 598                 free(sig);
 599                 return NULL;
 600         }
 601         free(sig);
 602         return key;
 603 }
 604
 605 static int
 606 get_line(FILE *fp, char *line, size_t len)
 607 {
 608         int c;
 609         size_t pos = 0;
 610
 611         line[0] = '\0';
 612         while ((c = fgetc(fp)) != EOF) {
 613                 if (pos >= len - 1)
 614                         fatal("input line too long.");
 615                 switch (c) {
 616                 case '\r':
 617                         c = fgetc(fp);
 618                         if (c != EOF && c != '\n' && ungetc(c, fp) == EOF)
 619                                 fatal("unget: %s", strerror(errno));
 620                         return pos;
 621                 case '\n':
 622                         return pos;
 623                 }
 624                 line[pos++] = c;
 625                 line[pos] = '\0';
 626         }
 627         /* We reached EOF */
 628         return -1;
 629 }
 630
 631 static void
 632 do_convert_from_ssh2(struct passwd *pw, struct sshkey **k, int *private)
 633 {
 634         int r, blen, escaped = 0;
 635         u_int len;
 636         char line[1024];
 637         struct sshbuf *buf;
 638         char encoded[8096];
 639         FILE *fp;
 640
 641         if ((buf = sshbuf_new()) == NULL)
 642                 fatal("sshbuf_new failed");
 643         if ((fp = fopen(identity_file, "r")) == NULL)
 644                 fatal("%s: %s: %s", __progname, identity_file, strerror(errno));
 645         encoded[0] = '\0';
 646         while ((blen = get_line(fp, line, sizeof(line))) != -1) {
 647                 if (blen > 0 && line[blen - 1] == '\\')
 648                         escaped++;
 649                 if (strncmp(line, "----", 4) == 0 ||
 650                     strstr(line, ": ") != NULL) {
 651                         if (strstr(line, SSH_COM_PRIVATE_BEGIN) != NULL)
 652                                 *private = 1;
 653                         if (strstr(line, " END ") != NULL) {
 654                                 break;
 655                         }
 656                         /* fprintf(stderr, "ignore: %s", line); */
 657                         continue;
 658                 }
 659                 if (escaped) {
 660                         escaped--;
 661                         /* fprintf(stderr, "escaped: %s", line); */
 662                         continue;
 663                 }
 664                 strlcat(encoded, line, sizeof(encoded));
 665         }
 666         len = strlen(encoded);
 667         if (((len % 4) == 3) &&
 668             (encoded[len-1] == '=') &&
 669             (encoded[len-2] == '=') &&
 670             (encoded[len-3] == '='))
 671                 encoded[len-3] = '\0';
 672         if ((r = sshbuf_b64tod(buf, encoded)) != 0)
 673                 fatal_fr(r, "base64 decode");
 674         if (*private) {
 675                 if ((*k = do_convert_private_ssh2(buf)) == NULL)
 676                         fatal_f("private key conversion failed");
 677         } else if ((r = sshkey_fromb(buf, k)) != 0)
 678                 fatal_fr(r, "parse key");
 679         sshbuf_free(buf);
 680         fclose(fp);
 681 }
 682
 683 static void
 684 do_convert_from_pkcs8(struct sshkey **k, int *private)
 685 {
 686         EVP_PKEY *pubkey;
 687         FILE *fp;
 688
 689         if ((fp = fopen(identity_file, "r")) == NULL)
 690                 fatal("%s: %s: %s", __progname, identity_file, strerror(errno));
 691         if ((pubkey = PEM_read_PUBKEY(fp, NULL, NULL, NULL)) == NULL) {
 692                 fatal_f("%s is not a recognised public key format",
 693                     identity_file);
 694         }
 695         fclose(fp);
 696         switch (EVP_PKEY_base_id(pubkey)) {
 697         case EVP_PKEY_RSA:
 698                 if ((*k = sshkey_new(KEY_UNSPEC)) == NULL)
 699                         fatal("sshkey_new failed");
 700                 (*k)->type = KEY_RSA;
 701                 (*k)->rsa = EVP_PKEY_get1_RSA(pubkey);
 702                 break;
 703         case EVP_PKEY_DSA:
 704                 if ((*k = sshkey_new(KEY_UNSPEC)) == NULL)
 705                         fatal("sshkey_new failed");
 706                 (*k)->type = KEY_DSA;
 707                 (*k)->dsa = EVP_PKEY_get1_DSA(pubkey);
 708                 break;
 709 #ifdef OPENSSL_HAS_ECC
 710         case EVP_PKEY_EC:
 711                 if ((*k = sshkey_new(KEY_UNSPEC)) == NULL)
 712                         fatal("sshkey_new failed");
 713                 (*k)->type = KEY_ECDSA;
 714                 (*k)->ecdsa = EVP_PKEY_get1_EC_KEY(pubkey);
 715                 (*k)->ecdsa_nid = sshkey_ecdsa_key_to_nid((*k)->ecdsa);
 716                 break;
 717 #endif
 718         default:
 719                 fatal_f("unsupported pubkey type %d",
 720                     EVP_PKEY_base_id(pubkey));
 721         }
 722         EVP_PKEY_free(pubkey);
 723         return;
 724 }
 725
 726 static void
 727 do_convert_from_pem(struct sshkey **k, int *private)
 728 {
 729         FILE *fp;
 730         RSA *rsa;
 731
 732         if ((fp = fopen(identity_file, "r")) == NULL)
 733                 fatal("%s: %s: %s", __progname, identity_file, strerror(errno));
 734         if ((rsa = PEM_read_RSAPublicKey(fp, NULL, NULL, NULL)) != NULL) {
 735                 if ((*k = sshkey_new(KEY_UNSPEC)) == NULL)
 736                         fatal("sshkey_new failed");
 737                 (*k)->type = KEY_RSA;
 738                 (*k)->rsa = rsa;
 739                 fclose(fp);
 740                 return;
 741         }
 742         fatal_f("unrecognised raw private key format");
 743 }
 744
 745 static void
 746 do_convert_from(struct passwd *pw)
 747 {
 748         struct sshkey *k = NULL;
 749         int r, private = 0, ok = 0;
 750         struct stat st;
 751
 752         if (!have_identity)
 753                 ask_filename(pw, "Enter file in which the key is");
 754         if (stat(identity_file, &st) == -1)
 755                 fatal("%s: %s: %s", __progname, identity_file, strerror(errno));
 756
 757         switch (convert_format) {
 758         case FMT_RFC4716:
 759                 do_convert_from_ssh2(pw, &k, &private);
 760                 break;
 761         case FMT_PKCS8:
 762                 do_convert_from_pkcs8(&k, &private);
 763                 break;
 764         case FMT_PEM:
 765                 do_convert_from_pem(&k, &private);
 766                 break;
 767         default:
 768                 fatal_f("unknown key format %d", convert_format);
 769         }
 770
 771         if (!private) {
 772                 if ((r = sshkey_write(k, stdout)) == 0)
 773                         ok = 1;
 774                 if (ok)
 775                         fprintf(stdout, "\n");
 776         } else {
 777                 switch (k->type) {
 778                 case KEY_DSA:
 779                         ok = PEM_write_DSAPrivateKey(stdout, k->dsa, NULL,
 780                             NULL, 0, NULL, NULL);
 781                         break;
 782 #ifdef OPENSSL_HAS_ECC
 783                 case KEY_ECDSA:
 784                         ok = PEM_write_ECPrivateKey(stdout, k->ecdsa, NULL,
 785                             NULL, 0, NULL, NULL);
 786                         break;
 787 #endif
 788                 case KEY_RSA:
 789                         ok = PEM_write_RSAPrivateKey(stdout, k->rsa, NULL,
 790                             NULL, 0, NULL, NULL);
 791                         break;
 792                 default:
 793                         fatal_f("unsupported key type %s", sshkey_type(k));
 794                 }
 795         }
 796
 797         if (!ok)
 798                 fatal("key write failed");
 799         sshkey_free(k);
 800         exit(0);
 801 }
 802 #endif
 803
 804 static void
 805 do_print_public(struct passwd *pw)
 806 {
 807         struct sshkey *prv;
 808         struct stat st;
 809         int r;
 810         char *comment = NULL;
 811
 812         if (!have_identity)
 813                 ask_filename(pw, "Enter file in which the key is");
 814         if (stat(identity_file, &st) == -1)
 815                 fatal("%s: %s", identity_file, strerror(errno));
 816         prv = load_identity(identity_file, &comment);
 817         if ((r = sshkey_write(prv, stdout)) != 0)
 818                 fatal_fr(r, "write key");
 819         if (comment != NULL && *comment != '\0')
 820                 fprintf(stdout, " %s", comment);
 821         fprintf(stdout, "\n");
 822         if (sshkey_is_sk(prv)) {
 823                 debug("sk_application: \"%s\", sk_flags 0x%02x",
 824                         prv->sk_application, prv->sk_flags);
 825         }
 826         sshkey_free(prv);
 827         free(comment);
 828         exit(0);
 829 }
 830
 831 static void
 832 do_download(struct passwd *pw)
 833 {
 834 #ifdef ENABLE_PKCS11
 835         struct sshkey **keys = NULL;
 836         int i, nkeys;
 837         enum sshkey_fp_rep rep;
 838         int fptype;
 839         char *fp, *ra, **comments = NULL;
 840
 841         fptype = print_bubblebabble ? SSH_DIGEST_SHA1 : fingerprint_hash;
 842         rep =    print_bubblebabble ? SSH_FP_BUBBLEBABBLE : SSH_FP_DEFAULT;
 843
 844         pkcs11_init(1);
 845         nkeys = pkcs11_add_provider(pkcs11provider, NULL, &keys, &comments);
 846         if (nkeys <= 0)
 847                 fatal("cannot read public key from pkcs11");
 848         for (i = 0; i < nkeys; i++) {
 849                 if (print_fingerprint) {
 850                         fp = sshkey_fingerprint(keys[i], fptype, rep);
 851                         ra = sshkey_fingerprint(keys[i], fingerprint_hash,
 852                             SSH_FP_RANDOMART);
 853                         if (fp == NULL || ra == NULL)
 854                                 fatal_f("sshkey_fingerprint fail");
 855                         printf("%u %s %s (PKCS11 key)\n", sshkey_size(keys[i]),
 856                             fp, sshkey_type(keys[i]));
 857                         if (log_level_get() >= SYSLOG_LEVEL_VERBOSE)
 858                                 printf("%s\n", ra);
 859                         free(ra);
 860                         free(fp);
 861                 } else {
 862                         (void) sshkey_write(keys[i], stdout); /* XXX check */
 863                         fprintf(stdout, "%s%s\n",
 864                             *(comments[i]) == '\0' ? "" : " ", comments[i]);
 865                 }
 866                 free(comments[i]);
 867                 sshkey_free(keys[i]);
 868         }
 869         free(comments);
 870         free(keys);
 871         pkcs11_terminate();
 872         exit(0);
 873 #else
 874         fatal("no pkcs11 support");
 875 #endif /* ENABLE_PKCS11 */
 876 }
 877
 878 static struct sshkey *
 879 try_read_key(char **cpp)
 880 {
 881         struct sshkey *ret;
 882         int r;
 883
 884         if ((ret = sshkey_new(KEY_UNSPEC)) == NULL)
 885                 fatal("sshkey_new failed");
 886         if ((r = sshkey_read(ret, cpp)) == 0)
 887                 return ret;
 888         /* Not a key */
 889         sshkey_free(ret);
 890         return NULL;
 891 }
 892
 893 static void
 894 fingerprint_one_key(const struct sshkey *public, const char *comment)
 895 {
 896         char *fp = NULL, *ra = NULL;
 897         enum sshkey_fp_rep rep;
 898         int fptype;
 899
 900         fptype = print_bubblebabble ? SSH_DIGEST_SHA1 : fingerprint_hash;
 901         rep =    print_bubblebabble ? SSH_FP_BUBBLEBABBLE : SSH_FP_DEFAULT;
 902         fp = sshkey_fingerprint(public, fptype, rep);
 903         ra = sshkey_fingerprint(public, fingerprint_hash, SSH_FP_RANDOMART);
 904         if (fp == NULL || ra == NULL)
 905                 fatal_f("sshkey_fingerprint failed");
 906         mprintf("%u %s %s (%s)\n", sshkey_size(public), fp,
 907             comment ? comment : "no comment", sshkey_type(public));
 908         if (log_level_get() >= SYSLOG_LEVEL_VERBOSE)
 909                 printf("%s\n", ra);
 910         free(ra);
 911         free(fp);
 912 }
 913
 914 static void
 915 fingerprint_private(const char *path)
 916 {
 917         struct stat st;
 918         char *comment = NULL;
 919         struct sshkey *privkey = NULL, *pubkey = NULL;
 920         int r;
 921
 922         if (stat(identity_file, &st) == -1)
 923                 fatal("%s: %s", path, strerror(errno));
 924         if ((r = sshkey_load_public(path, &pubkey, &comment)) != 0)
 925                 debug_r(r, "load public \"%s\"", path);
 926         if (pubkey == NULL || comment == NULL || *comment == '\0') {
 927                 free(comment);
 928                 if ((r = sshkey_load_private(path, NULL,
 929                     &privkey, &comment)) != 0)
 930                         debug_r(r, "load private \"%s\"", path);
 931         }
 932         if (pubkey == NULL && privkey == NULL)
 933                 fatal("%s is not a key file.", path);
 934
 935         fingerprint_one_key(pubkey == NULL ? privkey : pubkey, comment);
 936         sshkey_free(pubkey);
 937         sshkey_free(privkey);
 938         free(comment);
 939 }
 940
 941 static void
 942 do_fingerprint(struct passwd *pw)
 943 {
 944         FILE *f;
 945         struct sshkey *public = NULL;
 946         char *comment = NULL, *cp, *ep, *line = NULL;
 947         size_t linesize = 0;
 948         int i, invalid = 1;
 949         const char *path;
 950         u_long lnum = 0;
 951
 952         if (!have_identity)
 953                 ask_filename(pw, "Enter file in which the key is");
 954         path = identity_file;
 955
 956         if (strcmp(identity_file, "-") == 0) {
 957                 f = stdin;
 958                 path = "(stdin)";
 959         } else if ((f = fopen(path, "r")) == NULL)
 960                 fatal("%s: %s: %s", __progname, path, strerror(errno));
 961
 962         while (getline(&line, &linesize, f) != -1) {
 963                 lnum++;
 964                 cp = line;
 965                 cp[strcspn(cp, "\n")] = '\0';
 966                 /* Trim leading space and comments */
 967                 cp = line + strspn(line, " \t");
 968                 if (*cp == '#' || *cp == '\0')
 969                         continue;
 970
 971                 /*
 972                  * Input may be plain keys, private keys, authorized_keys
 973                  * or known_hosts.
 974                  */
 975
 976                 /*
 977                  * Try private keys first. Assume a key is private if
 978                  * "SSH PRIVATE KEY" appears on the first line and we're
 979                  * not reading from stdin (XXX support private keys on stdin).
 980                  */
 981                 if (lnum == 1 && strcmp(identity_file, "-") != 0 &&
 982                     strstr(cp, "PRIVATE KEY") != NULL) {
 983                         free(line);
 984                         fclose(f);
 985                         fingerprint_private(path);
 986                         exit(0);
 987                 }
 988
 989                 /*
 990                  * If it's not a private key, then this must be prepared to
 991                  * accept a public key prefixed with a hostname or options.
 992                  * Try a bare key first, otherwise skip the leading stuff.
 993                  */
 994                 if ((public = try_read_key(&cp)) == NULL) {
 995                         i = strtol(cp, &ep, 10);
 996                         if (i == 0 || ep == NULL ||
 997                             (*ep != ' ' && *ep != '\t')) {
 998                                 int quoted = 0;
 999
1000                                 comment = cp;
1001                                 for (; *cp && (quoted || (*cp != ' ' &&
1002                                     *cp != '\t')); cp++) {
1003                                         if (*cp == '\\' && cp[1] == '"')
1004                                                 cp++;   /* Skip both */
1005                                         else if (*cp == '"')
1006                                                 quoted = !quoted;
1007                                 }
1008                                 if (!*cp)
1009                                         continue;
1010                                 *cp++ = '\0';
1011                         }
1012                 }
1013                 /* Retry after parsing leading hostname/key options */
1014                 if (public == NULL && (public = try_read_key(&cp)) == NULL) {
1015                         debug("%s:%lu: not a public key", path, lnum);
1016                         continue;
1017                 }
1018
1019                 /* Find trailing comment, if any */
1020                 for (; *cp == ' ' || *cp == '\t'; cp++)
1021                         ;
1022                 if (*cp != '\0' && *cp != '#')
1023                         comment = cp;
1024
1025                 fingerprint_one_key(public, comment);
1026                 sshkey_free(public);
1027                 invalid = 0; /* One good key in the file is sufficient */
1028         }
1029         fclose(f);
1030         free(line);
1031
1032         if (invalid)
1033                 fatal("%s is not a public key file.", path);
1034         exit(0);
1035 }
1036
1037 static void
1038 do_gen_all_hostkeys(struct passwd *pw)
1039 {
1040         struct {
1041                 char *key_type;
1042                 char *key_type_display;
1043                 char *path;
1044         } key_types[] = {
1045 #ifdef WITH_OPENSSL
1046                 { "rsa", "RSA" ,_PATH_HOST_RSA_KEY_FILE },
1047                 { "dsa", "DSA", _PATH_HOST_DSA_KEY_FILE },
1048 #ifdef OPENSSL_HAS_ECC
1049                 { "ecdsa", "ECDSA",_PATH_HOST_ECDSA_KEY_FILE },
1050 #endif /* OPENSSL_HAS_ECC */
1051 #endif /* WITH_OPENSSL */
1052                 { "ed25519", "ED25519",_PATH_HOST_ED25519_KEY_FILE },
1053 #ifdef WITH_XMSS
1054                 { "xmss", "XMSS",_PATH_HOST_XMSS_KEY_FILE },
1055 #endif /* WITH_XMSS */
1056                 { NULL, NULL, NULL }
1057         };
1058
1059         u_int32_t bits = 0;
1060         int first = 0;
1061         struct stat st;
1062         struct sshkey *private, *public;
1063         char comment[1024], *prv_tmp, *pub_tmp, *prv_file, *pub_file;
1064         int i, type, fd, r;
1065
1066         for (i = 0; key_types[i].key_type; i++) {
1067                 public = private = NULL;
1068                 prv_tmp = pub_tmp = prv_file = pub_file = NULL;
1069
1070                 xasprintf(&prv_file, "%s%s",
1071                     identity_file, key_types[i].path);
1072
1073                 /* Check whether private key exists and is not zero-length */
1074                 if (stat(prv_file, &st) == 0) {
1075                         if (st.st_size != 0)
1076                                 goto next;
1077                 } else if (errno != ENOENT) {
1078                         error("Could not stat %s: %s", key_types[i].path,
1079                             strerror(errno));
1080                         goto failnext;
1081                 }
1082
1083                 /*
1084                  * Private key doesn't exist or is invalid; proceed with
1085                  * key generation.
1086                  */
1087                 xasprintf(&prv_tmp, "%s%s.XXXXXXXXXX",
1088                     identity_file, key_types[i].path);
1089                 xasprintf(&pub_tmp, "%s%s.pub.XXXXXXXXXX",
1090                     identity_file, key_types[i].path);
1091                 xasprintf(&pub_file, "%s%s.pub",
1092                     identity_file, key_types[i].path);
1093
1094                 if (first == 0) {
1095                         first = 1;
1096                         printf("%s: generating new host keys: ", __progname);
1097                 }
1098                 printf("%s ", key_types[i].key_type_display);
1099                 fflush(stdout);
1100                 type = sshkey_type_from_name(key_types[i].key_type);
1101                 if ((fd = mkstemp(prv_tmp)) == -1) {
1102                         error("Could not save your private key in %s: %s",
1103                             prv_tmp, strerror(errno));
1104                         goto failnext;
1105                 }
1106                 (void)close(fd); /* just using mkstemp() to reserve a name */
1107                 bits = 0;
1108                 type_bits_valid(type, NULL, &bits);
1109                 if ((r = sshkey_generate(type, bits, &private)) != 0) {
1110                         error_r(r, "sshkey_generate failed");
1111                         goto failnext;
1112                 }
1113                 if ((r = sshkey_from_private(private, &public)) != 0)
1114                         fatal_fr(r, "sshkey_from_private");
1115                 snprintf(comment, sizeof comment, "%s@%s", pw->pw_name,
1116                     hostname);
1117                 if ((r = sshkey_save_private(private, prv_tmp, "",
1118                     comment, private_key_format, openssh_format_cipher,
1119                     rounds)) != 0) {
1120                         error_r(r, "Saving key \"%s\" failed", prv_tmp);
1121                         goto failnext;
1122                 }
1123                 if ((fd = mkstemp(pub_tmp)) == -1) {
1124                         error("Could not save your public key in %s: %s",
1125                             pub_tmp, strerror(errno));
1126                         goto failnext;
1127                 }
1128                 (void)fchmod(fd, 0644);
1129                 (void)close(fd);
1130                 if ((r = sshkey_save_public(public, pub_tmp, comment)) != 0) {
1131                         error_r(r, "Unable to save public key to %s",
1132                             identity_file);
1133                         goto failnext;
1134                 }
1135
1136                 /* Rename temporary files to their permanent locations. */
1137                 if (rename(pub_tmp, pub_file) != 0) {
1138                         error("Unable to move %s into position: %s",
1139                             pub_file, strerror(errno));
1140                         goto failnext;
1141                 }
1142                 if (rename(prv_tmp, prv_file) != 0) {
1143                         error("Unable to move %s into position: %s",
1144                             key_types[i].path, strerror(errno));
1145  failnext:
1146                         first = 0;
1147                         goto next;
1148                 }
1149  next:
1150                 sshkey_free(private);
1151                 sshkey_free(public);
1152                 free(prv_tmp);
1153                 free(pub_tmp);
1154                 free(prv_file);
1155                 free(pub_file);
1156         }
1157         if (first != 0)
1158                 printf("\n");
1159 }
1160
1161 struct known_hosts_ctx {
1162         const char *host;       /* Hostname searched for in find/delete case */
1163         FILE *out;              /* Output file, stdout for find_hosts case */
1164         int has_unhashed;       /* When hashing, original had unhashed hosts */
1165         int found_key;          /* For find/delete, host was found */
1166         int invalid;            /* File contained invalid items; don't delete */
1167         int hash_hosts;         /* Hash hostnames as we go */
1168         int find_host;          /* Search for specific hostname */
1169         int delete_host;        /* Delete host from known_hosts */
1170 };
1171
1172 static int
1173 known_hosts_hash(struct hostkey_foreach_line *l, void *_ctx)
1174 {
1175         struct known_hosts_ctx *ctx = (struct known_hosts_ctx *)_ctx;
1176         char *hashed, *cp, *hosts, *ohosts;
1177         int has_wild = l->hosts && strcspn(l->hosts, "*?!") != strlen(l->hosts);
1178         int was_hashed = l->hosts && l->hosts[0] == HASH_DELIM;
1179
1180         switch (l->status) {
1181         case HKF_STATUS_OK:
1182         case HKF_STATUS_MATCHED:
1183                 /*
1184                  * Don't hash hosts already already hashed, with wildcard
1185                  * characters or a CA/revocation marker.
1186                  */
1187                 if (was_hashed || has_wild || l->marker != MRK_NONE) {
1188                         fprintf(ctx->out, "%s\n", l->line);
1189                         if (has_wild && !ctx->find_host) {
1190                                 logit("%s:%lu: ignoring host name "
1191                                     "with wildcard: %.64s", l->path,
1192                                     l->linenum, l->hosts);
1193                         }
1194                         return 0;
1195                 }
1196                 /*
1197                  * Split any comma-separated hostnames from the host list,
1198                  * hash and store separately.
1199                  */
1200                 ohosts = hosts = xstrdup(l->hosts);
1201                 while ((cp = strsep(&hosts, ",")) != NULL && *cp != '\0') {
1202                         lowercase(cp);
1203                         if ((hashed = host_hash(cp, NULL, 0)) == NULL)
1204                                 fatal("hash_host failed");
1205                         fprintf(ctx->out, "%s %s\n", hashed, l->rawkey);
1206                         ctx->has_unhashed = 1;
1207                 }
1208                 free(ohosts);
1209                 return 0;
1210         case HKF_STATUS_INVALID:
1211                 /* Retain invalid lines, but mark file as invalid. */
1212                 ctx->invalid = 1;
1213                 logit("%s:%lu: invalid line", l->path, l->linenum);
1214                 /* FALLTHROUGH */
1215         default:
1216                 fprintf(ctx->out, "%s\n", l->line);
1217                 return 0;
1218         }
1219         /* NOTREACHED */
1220         return -1;
1221 }
1222
1223 static int
1224 known_hosts_find_delete(struct hostkey_foreach_line *l, void *_ctx)
1225 {
1226         struct known_hosts_ctx *ctx = (struct known_hosts_ctx *)_ctx;
1227         enum sshkey_fp_rep rep;
1228         int fptype;
1229         char *fp = NULL, *ra = NULL;
1230
1231         fptype = print_bubblebabble ? SSH_DIGEST_SHA1 : fingerprint_hash;
1232         rep =    print_bubblebabble ? SSH_FP_BUBBLEBABBLE : SSH_FP_DEFAULT;
1233
1234         if (l->status == HKF_STATUS_MATCHED) {
1235                 if (ctx->delete_host) {
1236                         if (l->marker != MRK_NONE) {
1237                                 /* Don't remove CA and revocation lines */
1238                                 fprintf(ctx->out, "%s\n", l->line);
1239                         } else {
1240                                 /*
1241                                  * Hostname matches and has no CA/revoke
1242                                  * marker, delete it by *not* writing the
1243                                  * line to ctx->out.
1244                                  */
1245                                 ctx->found_key = 1;
1246                                 if (!quiet)
1247                                         printf("# Host %s found: line %lu\n",
1248                                             ctx->host, l->linenum);
1249                         }
1250                         return 0;
1251                 } else if (ctx->find_host) {
1252                         ctx->found_key = 1;
1253                         if (!quiet) {
1254                                 printf("# Host %s found: line %lu %s\n",
1255                                     ctx->host,
1256                                     l->linenum, l->marker == MRK_CA ? "CA" :
1257                                     (l->marker == MRK_REVOKE ? "REVOKED" : ""));
1258                         }
1259                         if (ctx->hash_hosts)
1260                                 known_hosts_hash(l, ctx);
1261                         else if (print_fingerprint) {
1262                                 fp = sshkey_fingerprint(l->key, fptype, rep);
1263                                 ra = sshkey_fingerprint(l->key,
1264                                     fingerprint_hash, SSH_FP_RANDOMART);
1265                                 if (fp == NULL || ra == NULL)
1266                                         fatal_f("sshkey_fingerprint failed");
1267                                 mprintf("%s %s %s%s%s\n", ctx->host,
1268                                     sshkey_type(l->key), fp,
1269                                     l->comment[0] ? " " : "",
1270                                     l->comment);
1271                                 if (log_level_get() >= SYSLOG_LEVEL_VERBOSE)
1272                                         printf("%s\n", ra);
1273                                 free(ra);
1274                                 free(fp);
1275                         } else
1276                                 fprintf(ctx->out, "%s\n", l->line);
1277                         return 0;
1278                 }
1279         } else if (ctx->delete_host) {
1280                 /* Retain non-matching hosts when deleting */
1281                 if (l->status == HKF_STATUS_INVALID) {
1282                         ctx->invalid = 1;
1283                         logit("%s:%lu: invalid line", l->path, l->linenum);
1284                 }
1285                 fprintf(ctx->out, "%s\n", l->line);
1286         }
1287         return 0;
1288 }
1289
1290 static void
1291 do_known_hosts(struct passwd *pw, const char *name, int find_host,
1292     int delete_host, int hash_hosts)
1293 {
1294         char *cp, tmp[PATH_MAX], old[PATH_MAX];
1295         int r, fd, oerrno, inplace = 0;
1296         struct known_hosts_ctx ctx;
1297         u_int foreach_options;
1298         struct stat sb;
1299
1300         if (!have_identity) {
1301                 cp = tilde_expand_filename(_PATH_SSH_USER_HOSTFILE, pw->pw_uid);
1302                 if (strlcpy(identity_file, cp, sizeof(identity_file)) >=
1303                     sizeof(identity_file))
1304                         fatal("Specified known hosts path too long");
1305                 free(cp);
1306                 have_identity = 1;
1307         }
1308         if (stat(identity_file, &sb) != 0)
1309                 fatal("Cannot stat %s: %s", identity_file, strerror(errno));
1310
1311         memset(&ctx, 0, sizeof(ctx));
1312         ctx.out = stdout;
1313         ctx.host = name;
1314         ctx.hash_hosts = hash_hosts;
1315         ctx.find_host = find_host;
1316         ctx.delete_host = delete_host;
1317
1318         /*
1319          * Find hosts goes to stdout, hash and deletions happen in-place
1320          * A corner case is ssh-keygen -HF foo, which should go to stdout
1321          */
1322         if (!find_host && (hash_hosts || delete_host)) {
1323                 if (strlcpy(tmp, identity_file, sizeof(tmp)) >= sizeof(tmp) ||
1324                     strlcat(tmp, ".XXXXXXXXXX", sizeof(tmp)) >= sizeof(tmp) ||
1325                     strlcpy(old, identity_file, sizeof(old)) >= sizeof(old) ||
1326                     strlcat(old, ".old", sizeof(old)) >= sizeof(old))
1327                         fatal("known_hosts path too long");
1328                 umask(077);
1329                 if ((fd = mkstemp(tmp)) == -1)
1330                         fatal("mkstemp: %s", strerror(errno));
1331                 if ((ctx.out = fdopen(fd, "w")) == NULL) {
1332                         oerrno = errno;
1333                         unlink(tmp);
1334                         fatal("fdopen: %s", strerror(oerrno));
1335                 }
1336                 fchmod(fd, sb.st_mode & 0644);
1337                 inplace = 1;
1338         }
1339         /* XXX support identity_file == "-" for stdin */
1340         foreach_options = find_host ? HKF_WANT_MATCH : 0;
1341         foreach_options |= print_fingerprint ? HKF_WANT_PARSE_KEY : 0;
1342         if ((r = hostkeys_foreach(identity_file, (find_host || !hash_hosts) ?
1343             known_hosts_find_delete : known_hosts_hash, &ctx, name, NULL,
1344             foreach_options, 0)) != 0) {
1345                 if (inplace)
1346                         unlink(tmp);
1347                 fatal_fr(r, "hostkeys_foreach");
1348         }
1349
1350         if (inplace)
1351                 fclose(ctx.out);
1352
1353         if (ctx.invalid) {
1354                 error("%s is not a valid known_hosts file.", identity_file);
1355                 if (inplace) {
1356                         error("Not replacing existing known_hosts "
1357                             "file because of errors");
1358                         unlink(tmp);
1359                 }
1360                 exit(1);
1361         } else if (delete_host && !ctx.found_key) {
1362                 logit("Host %s not found in %s", name, identity_file);
1363                 if (inplace)
1364                         unlink(tmp);
1365         } else if (inplace) {
1366                 /* Backup existing file */
1367                 if (unlink(old) == -1 && errno != ENOENT)
1368                         fatal("unlink %.100s: %s", old, strerror(errno));
1369                 if (link(identity_file, old) == -1)
1370                         fatal("link %.100s to %.100s: %s", identity_file, old,
1371                             strerror(errno));
1372                 /* Move new one into place */
1373                 if (rename(tmp, identity_file) == -1) {
1374                         error("rename\"%s\" to \"%s\": %s", tmp, identity_file,
1375                             strerror(errno));
1376                         unlink(tmp);
1377                         unlink(old);
1378                         exit(1);
1379                 }
1380
1381                 printf("%s updated.\n", identity_file);
1382                 printf("Original contents retained as %s\n", old);
1383                 if (ctx.has_unhashed) {
1384                         logit("WARNING: %s contains unhashed entries", old);
1385                         logit("Delete this file to ensure privacy "
1386                             "of hostnames");
1387                 }
1388         }
1389
1390         exit (find_host && !ctx.found_key);
1391 }
1392
1393 /*
1394  * Perform changing a passphrase.  The argument is the passwd structure
1395  * for the current user.
1396  */
1397 static void
1398 do_change_passphrase(struct passwd *pw)
1399 {
1400         char *comment;
1401         char *old_passphrase, *passphrase1, *passphrase2;
1402         struct stat st;
1403         struct sshkey *private;
1404         int r;
1405
1406         if (!have_identity)
1407                 ask_filename(pw, "Enter file in which the key is");
1408         if (stat(identity_file, &st) == -1)
1409                 fatal("%s: %s", identity_file, strerror(errno));
1410         /* Try to load the file with empty passphrase. */
1411         r = sshkey_load_private(identity_file, "", &private, &comment);
1412         if (r == SSH_ERR_KEY_WRONG_PASSPHRASE) {
1413                 if (identity_passphrase)
1414                         old_passphrase = xstrdup(identity_passphrase);
1415                 else
1416                         old_passphrase =
1417                             read_passphrase("Enter old passphrase: ",
1418                             RP_ALLOW_STDIN);
1419                 r = sshkey_load_private(identity_file, old_passphrase,
1420                     &private, &comment);
1421                 freezero(old_passphrase, strlen(old_passphrase));
1422                 if (r != 0)
1423                         goto badkey;
1424         } else if (r != 0) {
1425  badkey:
1426                 fatal_r(r, "Failed to load key %s", identity_file);
1427         }
1428         if (comment)
1429                 mprintf("Key has comment '%s'\n", comment);
1430
1431         /* Ask the new passphrase (twice). */
1432         if (identity_new_passphrase) {
1433                 passphrase1 = xstrdup(identity_new_passphrase);
1434                 passphrase2 = NULL;
1435         } else {
1436                 passphrase1 =
1437                         read_passphrase("Enter new passphrase (empty for no "
1438                             "passphrase): ", RP_ALLOW_STDIN);
1439                 passphrase2 = read_passphrase("Enter same passphrase again: ",
1440                     RP_ALLOW_STDIN);
1441
1442                 /* Verify that they are the same. */
1443                 if (strcmp(passphrase1, passphrase2) != 0) {
1444                         explicit_bzero(passphrase1, strlen(passphrase1));
1445                         explicit_bzero(passphrase2, strlen(passphrase2));
1446                         free(passphrase1);
1447                         free(passphrase2);
1448                         printf("Pass phrases do not match.  Try again.\n");
1449                         exit(1);
1450                 }
1451                 /* Destroy the other copy. */
1452                 freezero(passphrase2, strlen(passphrase2));
1453         }
1454
1455         /* Save the file using the new passphrase. */
1456         if ((r = sshkey_save_private(private, identity_file, passphrase1,
1457             comment, private_key_format, openssh_format_cipher, rounds)) != 0) {
1458                 error_r(r, "Saving key \"%s\" failed", identity_file);
1459                 freezero(passphrase1, strlen(passphrase1));
1460                 sshkey_free(private);
1461                 free(comment);
1462                 exit(1);
1463         }
1464         /* Destroy the passphrase and the copy of the key in memory. */
1465         freezero(passphrase1, strlen(passphrase1));
1466         sshkey_free(private);            /* Destroys contents */
1467         free(comment);
1468
1469         printf("Your identification has been saved with the new passphrase.\n");
1470         exit(0);
1471 }
1472
1473 /*
1474  * Print the SSHFP RR.
1475  */
1476 static int
1477 do_print_resource_record(struct passwd *pw, char *fname, char *hname,
1478     int print_generic)
1479 {
1480         struct sshkey *public;
1481         char *comment = NULL;
1482         struct stat st;
1483         int r;
1484
1485         if (fname == NULL)
1486                 fatal_f("no filename");
1487         if (stat(fname, &st) == -1) {
1488                 if (errno == ENOENT)
1489                         return 0;
1490                 fatal("%s: %s", fname, strerror(errno));
1491         }
1492         if ((r = sshkey_load_public(fname, &public, &comment)) != 0)
1493                 fatal_r(r, "Failed to read v2 public key from \"%s\"", fname);
1494         export_dns_rr(hname, public, stdout, print_generic);
1495         sshkey_free(public);
1496         free(comment);
1497         return 1;
1498 }
1499
1500 /*
1501  * Change the comment of a private key file.
1502  */
1503 static void
1504 do_change_comment(struct passwd *pw, const char *identity_comment)
1505 {
1506         char new_comment[1024], *comment, *passphrase;
1507         struct sshkey *private;
1508         struct sshkey *public;
1509         struct stat st;
1510         int r;
1511
1512         if (!have_identity)
1513                 ask_filename(pw, "Enter file in which the key is");
1514         if (stat(identity_file, &st) == -1)
1515                 fatal("%s: %s", identity_file, strerror(errno));
1516         if ((r = sshkey_load_private(identity_file, "",
1517             &private, &comment)) == 0)
1518                 passphrase = xstrdup("");
1519         else if (r != SSH_ERR_KEY_WRONG_PASSPHRASE)
1520                 fatal_r(r, "Cannot load private key \"%s\"", identity_file);
1521         else {
1522                 if (identity_passphrase)
1523                         passphrase = xstrdup(identity_passphrase);
1524                 else if (identity_new_passphrase)
1525                         passphrase = xstrdup(identity_new_passphrase);
1526                 else
1527                         passphrase = read_passphrase("Enter passphrase: ",
1528                             RP_ALLOW_STDIN);
1529                 /* Try to load using the passphrase. */
1530                 if ((r = sshkey_load_private(identity_file, passphrase,
1531                     &private, &comment)) != 0) {
1532                         freezero(passphrase, strlen(passphrase));
1533                         fatal_r(r, "Cannot load private key \"%s\"",
1534                             identity_file);
1535                 }
1536         }
1537
1538         if (private->type != KEY_ED25519 && private->type != KEY_XMSS &&
1539             private_key_format != SSHKEY_PRIVATE_OPENSSH) {
1540                 error("Comments are only supported for keys stored in "
1541                     "the new format (-o).");
1542                 explicit_bzero(passphrase, strlen(passphrase));
1543                 sshkey_free(private);
1544                 exit(1);
1545         }
1546         if (comment)
1547                 printf("Old comment: %s\n", comment);
1548         else
1549                 printf("No existing comment\n");
1550
1551         if (identity_comment) {
1552                 strlcpy(new_comment, identity_comment, sizeof(new_comment));
1553         } else {
1554                 printf("New comment: ");
1555                 fflush(stdout);
1556                 if (!fgets(new_comment, sizeof(new_comment), stdin)) {
1557                         explicit_bzero(passphrase, strlen(passphrase));
1558                         sshkey_free(private);
1559                         exit(1);
1560                 }
1561                 new_comment[strcspn(new_comment, "\n")] = '\0';
1562         }
1563         if (comment != NULL && strcmp(comment, new_comment) == 0) {
1564                 printf("No change to comment\n");
1565                 free(passphrase);
1566                 sshkey_free(private);
1567                 free(comment);
1568                 exit(0);
1569         }
1570
1571         /* Save the file using the new passphrase. */
1572         if ((r = sshkey_save_private(private, identity_file, passphrase,
1573             new_comment, private_key_format, openssh_format_cipher,
1574             rounds)) != 0) {
1575                 error_r(r, "Saving key \"%s\" failed", identity_file);
1576                 freezero(passphrase, strlen(passphrase));
1577                 sshkey_free(private);
1578                 free(comment);
1579                 exit(1);
1580         }
1581         freezero(passphrase, strlen(passphrase));
1582         if ((r = sshkey_from_private(private, &public)) != 0)
1583                 fatal_fr(r, "sshkey_from_private");
1584         sshkey_free(private);
1585
1586         strlcat(identity_file, ".pub", sizeof(identity_file));
1587         if ((r = sshkey_save_public(public, identity_file, new_comment)) != 0)
1588                 fatal_r(r, "Unable to save public key to %s", identity_file);
1589         sshkey_free(public);
1590         free(comment);
1591
1592         if (strlen(new_comment) > 0)
1593                 printf("Comment '%s' applied\n", new_comment);
1594         else
1595                 printf("Comment removed\n");
1596
1597         exit(0);
1598 }
1599
1600 static void
1601 cert_ext_add(const char *key, const char *value, int iscrit)
1602 {
1603         cert_ext = xreallocarray(cert_ext, ncert_ext + 1, sizeof(*cert_ext));
1604         cert_ext[ncert_ext].key = xstrdup(key);
1605         cert_ext[ncert_ext].val = value == NULL ? NULL : xstrdup(value);
1606         cert_ext[ncert_ext].crit = iscrit;
1607         ncert_ext++;
1608 }
1609
1610 /* qsort(3) comparison function for certificate extensions */
1611 static int
1612 cert_ext_cmp(const void *_a, const void *_b)
1613 {
1614         const struct cert_ext *a = (const struct cert_ext *)_a;
1615         const struct cert_ext *b = (const struct cert_ext *)_b;
1616         int r;
1617
1618         if (a->crit != b->crit)
1619                 return (a->crit < b->crit) ? -1 : 1;
1620         if ((r = strcmp(a->key, b->key)) != 0)
1621                 return r;
1622         if ((a->val == NULL) != (b->val == NULL))
1623                 return (a->val == NULL) ? -1 : 1;
1624         if (a->val != NULL && (r = strcmp(a->val, b->val)) != 0)
1625                 return r;
1626         return 0;
1627 }
1628
1629 #define OPTIONS_CRITICAL        1
1630 #define OPTIONS_EXTENSIONS      2
1631 static void
1632 prepare_options_buf(struct sshbuf *c, int which)
1633 {
1634         struct sshbuf *b;
1635         size_t i;
1636         int r;
1637         const struct cert_ext *ext;
1638
1639         if ((b = sshbuf_new()) == NULL)
1640                 fatal_f("sshbuf_new failed");
1641         sshbuf_reset(c);
1642         for (i = 0; i < ncert_ext; i++) {
1643                 ext = &cert_ext[i];
1644                 if ((ext->crit && (which & OPTIONS_EXTENSIONS)) ||
1645                     (!ext->crit && (which & OPTIONS_CRITICAL)))
1646                         continue;
1647                 if (ext->val == NULL) {
1648                         /* flag option */
1649                         debug3_f("%s", ext->key);
1650                         if ((r = sshbuf_put_cstring(c, ext->key)) != 0 ||
1651                             (r = sshbuf_put_string(c, NULL, 0)) != 0)
1652                                 fatal_fr(r, "prepare flag");
1653                 } else {
1654                         /* key/value option */
1655                         debug3_f("%s=%s", ext->key, ext->val);
1656                         sshbuf_reset(b);
1657                         if ((r = sshbuf_put_cstring(c, ext->key)) != 0 ||
1658                             (r = sshbuf_put_cstring(b, ext->val)) != 0 ||
1659                             (r = sshbuf_put_stringb(c, b)) != 0)
1660                                 fatal_fr(r, "prepare k/v");
1661                 }
1662         }
1663         sshbuf_free(b);
1664 }
1665
1666 static void
1667 finalise_cert_exts(void)
1668 {
1669         /* critical options */
1670         if (certflags_command != NULL)
1671                 cert_ext_add("force-command", certflags_command, 1);
1672         if (certflags_src_addr != NULL)
1673                 cert_ext_add("source-address", certflags_src_addr, 1);
1674         /* extensions */
1675         if ((certflags_flags & CERTOPT_X_FWD) != 0)
1676                 cert_ext_add("permit-X11-forwarding", NULL, 0);
1677         if ((certflags_flags & CERTOPT_AGENT_FWD) != 0)
1678                 cert_ext_add("permit-agent-forwarding", NULL, 0);
1679         if ((certflags_flags & CERTOPT_PORT_FWD) != 0)
1680                 cert_ext_add("permit-port-forwarding", NULL, 0);
1681         if ((certflags_flags & CERTOPT_PTY) != 0)
1682                 cert_ext_add("permit-pty", NULL, 0);
1683         if ((certflags_flags & CERTOPT_USER_RC) != 0)
1684                 cert_ext_add("permit-user-rc", NULL, 0);
1685         if ((certflags_flags & CERTOPT_NO_REQUIRE_USER_PRESENCE) != 0)
1686                 cert_ext_add("no-touch-required", NULL, 0);
1687         /* order lexically by key */
1688         if (ncert_ext > 0)
1689                 qsort(cert_ext, ncert_ext, sizeof(*cert_ext), cert_ext_cmp);
1690 }
1691
1692 static struct sshkey *
1693 load_pkcs11_key(char *path)
1694 {
1695 #ifdef ENABLE_PKCS11
1696         struct sshkey **keys = NULL, *public, *private = NULL;
1697         int r, i, nkeys;
1698
1699         if ((r = sshkey_load_public(path, &public, NULL)) != 0)
1700                 fatal_r(r, "Couldn't load CA public key \"%s\"", path);
1701
1702         nkeys = pkcs11_add_provider(pkcs11provider, identity_passphrase,
1703             &keys, NULL);
1704         debug3_f("%d keys", nkeys);
1705         if (nkeys <= 0)
1706                 fatal("cannot read public key from pkcs11");
1707         for (i = 0; i < nkeys; i++) {
1708                 if (sshkey_equal_public(public, keys[i])) {
1709                         private = keys[i];
1710                         continue;
1711                 }
1712                 sshkey_free(keys[i]);
1713         }
1714         free(keys);
1715         sshkey_free(public);
1716         return private;
1717 #else
1718         fatal("no pkcs11 support");
1719 #endif /* ENABLE_PKCS11 */
1720 }
1721
1722 /* Signer for sshkey_certify_custom that uses the agent */
1723 static int
1724 agent_signer(struct sshkey *key, u_char **sigp, size_t *lenp,
1725     const u_char *data, size_t datalen,
1726     const char *alg, const char *provider, const char *pin,
1727     u_int compat, void *ctx)
1728 {
1729         int *agent_fdp = (int *)ctx;
1730
1731         return ssh_agent_sign(*agent_fdp, key, sigp, lenp,
1732             data, datalen, alg, compat);
1733 }
1734
1735 static void
1736 do_ca_sign(struct passwd *pw, const char *ca_key_path, int prefer_agent,
1737     unsigned long long cert_serial, int cert_serial_autoinc,
1738     int argc, char **argv)
1739 {
1740         int r, i, found, agent_fd = -1;
1741         u_int n;
1742         struct sshkey *ca, *public;
1743         char valid[64], *otmp, *tmp, *cp, *out, *comment;
1744         char *ca_fp = NULL, **plist = NULL, *pin = NULL;
1745         struct ssh_identitylist *agent_ids;
1746         size_t j;
1747         struct notifier_ctx *notifier = NULL;
1748
1749 #ifdef ENABLE_PKCS11
1750         pkcs11_init(1);
1751 #endif
1752         tmp = tilde_expand_filename(ca_key_path, pw->pw_uid);
1753         if (pkcs11provider != NULL) {
1754                 /* If a PKCS#11 token was specified then try to use it */
1755                 if ((ca = load_pkcs11_key(tmp)) == NULL)
1756                         fatal("No PKCS#11 key matching %s found", ca_key_path);
1757         } else if (prefer_agent) {
1758                 /*
1759                  * Agent signature requested. Try to use agent after making
1760                  * sure the public key specified is actually present in the
1761                  * agent.
1762                  */
1763                 if ((r = sshkey_load_public(tmp, &ca, NULL)) != 0)
1764                         fatal_r(r, "Cannot load CA public key %s", tmp);
1765                 if ((r = ssh_get_authentication_socket(&agent_fd)) != 0)
1766                         fatal_r(r, "Cannot use public key for CA signature");
1767                 if ((r = ssh_fetch_identitylist(agent_fd, &agent_ids)) != 0)
1768                         fatal_r(r, "Retrieve agent key list");
1769                 found = 0;
1770                 for (j = 0; j < agent_ids->nkeys; j++) {
1771                         if (sshkey_equal(ca, agent_ids->keys[j])) {
1772                                 found = 1;
1773                                 break;
1774                         }
1775                 }
1776                 if (!found)
1777                         fatal("CA key %s not found in agent", tmp);
1778                 ssh_free_identitylist(agent_ids);
1779                 ca->flags |= SSHKEY_FLAG_EXT;
1780         } else {
1781                 /* CA key is assumed to be a private key on the filesystem */
1782                 ca = load_identity(tmp, NULL);
1783                 if (sshkey_is_sk(ca) &&
1784                     (ca->sk_flags & SSH_SK_USER_VERIFICATION_REQD)) {
1785                         if ((pin = read_passphrase("Enter PIN for CA key: ",
1786                             RP_ALLOW_STDIN)) == NULL)
1787                                 fatal_f("couldn't read PIN");
1788                 }
1789         }
1790         free(tmp);
1791
1792         if (key_type_name != NULL) {
1793                 if (sshkey_type_from_name(key_type_name) != ca->type) {
1794                         fatal("CA key type %s doesn't match specified %s",
1795                             sshkey_ssh_name(ca), key_type_name);
1796                 }
1797         } else if (ca->type == KEY_RSA) {
1798                 /* Default to a good signature algorithm */
1799                 key_type_name = "rsa-sha2-512";
1800         }
1801         ca_fp = sshkey_fingerprint(ca, fingerprint_hash, SSH_FP_DEFAULT);
1802
1803         finalise_cert_exts();
1804         for (i = 0; i < argc; i++) {
1805                 /* Split list of principals */
1806                 n = 0;
1807                 if (cert_principals != NULL) {
1808                         otmp = tmp = xstrdup(cert_principals);
1809                         plist = NULL;
1810                         for (; (cp = strsep(&tmp, ",")) != NULL; n++) {
1811                                 plist = xreallocarray(plist, n + 1, sizeof(*plist));
1812                                 if (*(plist[n] = xstrdup(cp)) == '\0')
1813                                         fatal("Empty principal name");
1814                         }
1815                         free(otmp);
1816                 }
1817                 if (n > SSHKEY_CERT_MAX_PRINCIPALS)
1818                         fatal("Too many certificate principals specified");
1819
1820                 tmp = tilde_expand_filename(argv[i], pw->pw_uid);
1821                 if ((r = sshkey_load_public(tmp, &public, &comment)) != 0)
1822                         fatal_r(r, "load pubkey \"%s\"", tmp);
1823                 if (sshkey_is_cert(public))
1824                         fatal_f("key \"%s\" type %s cannot be certified",
1825                             tmp, sshkey_type(public));
1826
1827                 /* Prepare certificate to sign */
1828                 if ((r = sshkey_to_certified(public)) != 0)
1829                         fatal_r(r, "Could not upgrade key %s to certificate", tmp);
1830                 public->cert->type = cert_key_type;
1831                 public->cert->serial = (u_int64_t)cert_serial;
1832                 public->cert->key_id = xstrdup(cert_key_id);
1833                 public->cert->nprincipals = n;
1834                 public->cert->principals = plist;
1835                 public->cert->valid_after = cert_valid_from;
1836                 public->cert->valid_before = cert_valid_to;
1837                 prepare_options_buf(public->cert->critical, OPTIONS_CRITICAL);
1838                 prepare_options_buf(public->cert->extensions,
1839                     OPTIONS_EXTENSIONS);
1840                 if ((r = sshkey_from_private(ca,
1841                     &public->cert->signature_key)) != 0)
1842                         fatal_r(r, "sshkey_from_private (ca key)");
1843
1844                 if (agent_fd != -1 && (ca->flags & SSHKEY_FLAG_EXT) != 0) {
1845                         if ((r = sshkey_certify_custom(public, ca,
1846                             key_type_name, sk_provider, NULL, agent_signer,
1847                             &agent_fd)) != 0)
1848                                 fatal_r(r, "Couldn't certify %s via agent", tmp);
1849                 } else {
1850                         if (sshkey_is_sk(ca) &&
1851                             (ca->sk_flags & SSH_SK_USER_PRESENCE_REQD)) {
1852                                 notifier = notify_start(0,
1853                                     "Confirm user presence for key %s %s",
1854                                     sshkey_type(ca), ca_fp);
1855                         }
1856                         r = sshkey_certify(public, ca, key_type_name,
1857                             sk_provider, pin);
1858                         notify_complete(notifier, "User presence confirmed");
1859                         if (r != 0)
1860                                 fatal_r(r, "Couldn't certify key %s", tmp);
1861                 }
1862
1863                 if ((cp = strrchr(tmp, '.')) != NULL && strcmp(cp, ".pub") == 0)
1864                         *cp = '\0';
1865                 xasprintf(&out, "%s-cert.pub", tmp);
1866                 free(tmp);
1867
1868                 if ((r = sshkey_save_public(public, out, comment)) != 0) {
1869                         fatal_r(r, "Unable to save public key to %s",
1870                             identity_file);
1871                 }
1872
1873                 if (!quiet) {
1874                         sshkey_format_cert_validity(public->cert,
1875                             valid, sizeof(valid));
1876                         logit("Signed %s key %s: id \"%s\" serial %llu%s%s "
1877                             "valid %s", sshkey_cert_type(public),
1878                             out, public->cert->key_id,
1879                             (unsigned long long)public->cert->serial,
1880                             cert_principals != NULL ? " for " : "",
1881                             cert_principals != NULL ? cert_principals : "",
1882                             valid);
1883                 }
1884
1885                 sshkey_free(public);
1886                 free(out);
1887                 if (cert_serial_autoinc)
1888                         cert_serial++;
1889         }
1890         if (pin != NULL)
1891                 freezero(pin, strlen(pin));
1892         free(ca_fp);
1893 #ifdef ENABLE_PKCS11
1894         pkcs11_terminate();
1895 #endif
1896         exit(0);
1897 }
1898
1899 static u_int64_t
1900 parse_relative_time(const char *s, time_t now)
1901 {
1902         int64_t mul, secs;
1903
1904         mul = *s == '-' ? -1 : 1;
1905
1906         if ((secs = convtime(s + 1)) == -1)
1907                 fatal("Invalid relative certificate time %s", s);
1908         if (mul == -1 && secs > now)
1909                 fatal("Certificate time %s cannot be represented", s);
1910         return now + (u_int64_t)(secs * mul);
1911 }
1912
1913 static void
1914 parse_cert_times(char *timespec)
1915 {
1916         char *from, *to;
1917         time_t now = time(NULL);
1918         int64_t secs;
1919
1920         /* +timespec relative to now */
1921         if (*timespec == '+' && strchr(timespec, ':') == NULL) {
1922                 if ((secs = convtime(timespec + 1)) == -1)
1923                         fatal("Invalid relative certificate life %s", timespec);
1924                 cert_valid_to = now + secs;
1925                 /*
1926                  * Backdate certificate one minute to avoid problems on hosts
1927                  * with poorly-synchronised clocks.
1928                  */
1929                 cert_valid_from = ((now - 59)/ 60) * 60;
1930                 return;
1931         }
1932
1933         /*
1934          * from:to, where
1935          * from := [+-]timespec | YYYYMMDD | YYYYMMDDHHMMSS | "always"
1936          *   to := [+-]timespec | YYYYMMDD | YYYYMMDDHHMMSS | "forever"
1937          */
1938         from = xstrdup(timespec);
1939         to = strchr(from, ':');
1940         if (to == NULL || from == to || *(to + 1) == '\0')
1941                 fatal("Invalid certificate life specification %s", timespec);
1942         *to++ = '\0';
1943
1944         if (*from == '-' || *from == '+')
1945                 cert_valid_from = parse_relative_time(from, now);
1946         else if (strcmp(from, "always") == 0)
1947                 cert_valid_from = 0;
1948         else if (parse_absolute_time(from, &cert_valid_from) != 0)
1949                 fatal("Invalid from time \"%s\"", from);
1950
1951         if (*to == '-' || *to == '+')
1952                 cert_valid_to = parse_relative_time(to, now);
1953         else if (strcmp(to, "forever") == 0)
1954                 cert_valid_to = ~(u_int64_t)0;
1955         else if (parse_absolute_time(to, &cert_valid_to) != 0)
1956                 fatal("Invalid to time \"%s\"", to);
1957
1958         if (cert_valid_to <= cert_valid_from)
1959                 fatal("Empty certificate validity interval");
1960         free(from);
1961 }
1962
1963 static void
1964 add_cert_option(char *opt)
1965 {
1966         char *val, *cp;
1967         int iscrit = 0;
1968
1969         if (strcasecmp(opt, "clear") == 0)
1970                 certflags_flags = 0;
1971         else if (strcasecmp(opt, "no-x11-forwarding") == 0)
1972                 certflags_flags &= ~CERTOPT_X_FWD;
1973         else if (strcasecmp(opt, "permit-x11-forwarding") == 0)
1974                 certflags_flags |= CERTOPT_X_FWD;
1975         else if (strcasecmp(opt, "no-agent-forwarding") == 0)
1976                 certflags_flags &= ~CERTOPT_AGENT_FWD;
1977         else if (strcasecmp(opt, "permit-agent-forwarding") == 0)
1978                 certflags_flags |= CERTOPT_AGENT_FWD;
1979         else if (strcasecmp(opt, "no-port-forwarding") == 0)
1980                 certflags_flags &= ~CERTOPT_PORT_FWD;
1981         else if (strcasecmp(opt, "permit-port-forwarding") == 0)
1982                 certflags_flags |= CERTOPT_PORT_FWD;
1983         else if (strcasecmp(opt, "no-pty") == 0)
1984                 certflags_flags &= ~CERTOPT_PTY;
1985         else if (strcasecmp(opt, "permit-pty") == 0)
1986                 certflags_flags |= CERTOPT_PTY;
1987         else if (strcasecmp(opt, "no-user-rc") == 0)
1988                 certflags_flags &= ~CERTOPT_USER_RC;
1989         else if (strcasecmp(opt, "permit-user-rc") == 0)
1990                 certflags_flags |= CERTOPT_USER_RC;
1991         else if (strcasecmp(opt, "touch-required") == 0)
1992                 certflags_flags &= ~CERTOPT_NO_REQUIRE_USER_PRESENCE;
1993         else if (strcasecmp(opt, "no-touch-required") == 0)
1994                 certflags_flags |= CERTOPT_NO_REQUIRE_USER_PRESENCE;
1995         else if (strncasecmp(opt, "force-command=", 14) == 0) {
1996                 val = opt + 14;
1997                 if (*val == '\0')
1998                         fatal("Empty force-command option");
1999                 if (certflags_command != NULL)
2000                         fatal("force-command already specified");
2001                 certflags_command = xstrdup(val);
2002         } else if (strncasecmp(opt, "source-address=", 15) == 0) {
2003                 val = opt + 15;
2004                 if (*val == '\0')
2005                         fatal("Empty source-address option");
2006                 if (certflags_src_addr != NULL)
2007                         fatal("source-address already specified");
2008                 if (addr_match_cidr_list(NULL, val) != 0)
2009                         fatal("Invalid source-address list");
2010                 certflags_src_addr = xstrdup(val);
2011         } else if (strncasecmp(opt, "extension:", 10) == 0 ||
2012                     (iscrit = (strncasecmp(opt, "critical:", 9) == 0))) {
2013                 val = xstrdup(strchr(opt, ':') + 1);
2014                 if ((cp = strchr(val, '=')) != NULL)
2015                         *cp++ = '\0';
2016                 cert_ext_add(val, cp, iscrit);
2017                 free(val);
2018         } else
2019                 fatal("Unsupported certificate option \"%s\"", opt);
2020 }
2021
2022 static void
2023 show_options(struct sshbuf *optbuf, int in_critical)
2024 {
2025         char *name, *arg, *hex;
2026         struct sshbuf *options, *option = NULL;
2027         int r;
2028
2029         if ((options = sshbuf_fromb(optbuf)) == NULL)
2030                 fatal_f("sshbuf_fromb failed");
2031         while (sshbuf_len(options) != 0) {
2032                 sshbuf_free(option);
2033                 option = NULL;
2034                 if ((r = sshbuf_get_cstring(options, &name, NULL)) != 0 ||
2035                     (r = sshbuf_froms(options, &option)) != 0)
2036                         fatal_fr(r, "parse option");
2037                 printf("                %s", name);
2038                 if (!in_critical &&
2039                     (strcmp(name, "permit-X11-forwarding") == 0 ||
2040                     strcmp(name, "permit-agent-forwarding") == 0 ||
2041                     strcmp(name, "permit-port-forwarding") == 0 ||
2042                     strcmp(name, "permit-pty") == 0 ||
2043                     strcmp(name, "permit-user-rc") == 0 ||
2044                     strcmp(name, "no-touch-required") == 0)) {
2045                         printf("\n");
2046                 } else if (in_critical &&
2047                     (strcmp(name, "force-command") == 0 ||
2048                     strcmp(name, "source-address") == 0)) {
2049                         if ((r = sshbuf_get_cstring(option, &arg, NULL)) != 0)
2050                                 fatal_fr(r, "parse critical");
2051                         printf(" %s\n", arg);
2052                         free(arg);
2053                 } else if (sshbuf_len(option) > 0) {
2054                         hex = sshbuf_dtob16(option);
2055                         printf(" UNKNOWN OPTION: %s (len %zu)\n",
2056                             hex, sshbuf_len(option));
2057                         sshbuf_reset(option);
2058                         free(hex);
2059                 } else
2060                         printf(" UNKNOWN FLAG OPTION\n");
2061                 free(name);
2062                 if (sshbuf_len(option) != 0)
2063                         fatal("Option corrupt: extra data at end");
2064         }
2065         sshbuf_free(option);
2066         sshbuf_free(options);
2067 }
2068
2069 static void
2070 print_cert(struct sshkey *key)
2071 {
2072         char valid[64], *key_fp, *ca_fp;
2073         u_int i;
2074
2075         key_fp = sshkey_fingerprint(key, fingerprint_hash, SSH_FP_DEFAULT);
2076         ca_fp = sshkey_fingerprint(key->cert->signature_key,
2077             fingerprint_hash, SSH_FP_DEFAULT);
2078         if (key_fp == NULL || ca_fp == NULL)
2079                 fatal_f("sshkey_fingerprint fail");
2080         sshkey_format_cert_validity(key->cert, valid, sizeof(valid));
2081
2082         printf("        Type: %s %s certificate\n", sshkey_ssh_name(key),
2083             sshkey_cert_type(key));
2084         printf("        Public key: %s %s\n", sshkey_type(key), key_fp);
2085         printf("        Signing CA: %s %s (using %s)\n",
2086             sshkey_type(key->cert->signature_key), ca_fp,
2087             key->cert->signature_type);
2088         printf("        Key ID: \"%s\"\n", key->cert->key_id);
2089         printf("        Serial: %llu\n", (unsigned long long)key->cert->serial);
2090         printf("        Valid: %s\n", valid);
2091         printf("        Principals: ");
2092         if (key->cert->nprincipals == 0)
2093                 printf("(none)\n");
2094         else {
2095                 for (i = 0; i < key->cert->nprincipals; i++)
2096                         printf("\n                %s",
2097                             key->cert->principals[i]);
2098                 printf("\n");
2099         }
2100         printf("        Critical Options: ");
2101         if (sshbuf_len(key->cert->critical) == 0)
2102                 printf("(none)\n");
2103         else {
2104                 printf("\n");
2105                 show_options(key->cert->critical, 1);
2106         }
2107         printf("        Extensions: ");
2108         if (sshbuf_len(key->cert->extensions) == 0)
2109                 printf("(none)\n");
2110         else {
2111                 printf("\n");
2112                 show_options(key->cert->extensions, 0);
2113         }
2114 }
2115
2116 static void
2117 do_show_cert(struct passwd *pw)
2118 {
2119         struct sshkey *key = NULL;
2120         struct stat st;
2121         int r, is_stdin = 0, ok = 0;
2122         FILE *f;
2123         char *cp, *line = NULL;
2124         const char *path;
2125         size_t linesize = 0;
2126         u_long lnum = 0;
2127
2128         if (!have_identity)
2129                 ask_filename(pw, "Enter file in which the key is");
2130         if (strcmp(identity_file, "-") != 0 && stat(identity_file, &st) == -1)
2131                 fatal("%s: %s: %s", __progname, identity_file, strerror(errno));
2132
2133         path = identity_file;
2134         if (strcmp(path, "-") == 0) {
2135                 f = stdin;
2136                 path = "(stdin)";
2137                 is_stdin = 1;
2138         } else if ((f = fopen(identity_file, "r")) == NULL)
2139                 fatal("fopen %s: %s", identity_file, strerror(errno));
2140
2141         while (getline(&line, &linesize, f) != -1) {
2142                 lnum++;
2143                 sshkey_free(key);
2144                 key = NULL;
2145                 /* Trim leading space and comments */
2146                 cp = line + strspn(line, " \t");
2147                 if (*cp == '#' || *cp == '\0')
2148                         continue;
2149                 if ((key = sshkey_new(KEY_UNSPEC)) == NULL)
2150                         fatal("sshkey_new");
2151                 if ((r = sshkey_read(key, &cp)) != 0) {
2152                         error_r(r, "%s:%lu: invalid key", path, lnum);
2153                         continue;
2154                 }
2155                 if (!sshkey_is_cert(key)) {
2156                         error("%s:%lu is not a certificate", path, lnum);
2157                         continue;
2158                 }
2159                 ok = 1;
2160                 if (!is_stdin && lnum == 1)
2161                         printf("%s:\n", path);
2162                 else
2163                         printf("%s:%lu:\n", path, lnum);
2164                 print_cert(key);
2165         }
2166         free(line);
2167         sshkey_free(key);
2168         fclose(f);
2169         exit(ok ? 0 : 1);
2170 }
2171
2172 static void
2173 load_krl(const char *path, struct ssh_krl **krlp)
2174 {
2175         struct sshbuf *krlbuf;
2176         int r;
2177
2178         if ((r = sshbuf_load_file(path, &krlbuf)) != 0)
2179                 fatal_r(r, "Unable to load KRL %s", path);
2180         /* XXX check sigs */
2181         if ((r = ssh_krl_from_blob(krlbuf, krlp, NULL, 0)) != 0 ||
2182             *krlp == NULL)
2183                 fatal_r(r, "Invalid KRL file %s", path);
2184         sshbuf_free(krlbuf);
2185 }
2186
2187 static void
2188 hash_to_blob(const char *cp, u_char **blobp, size_t *lenp,
2189     const char *file, u_long lnum)
2190 {
2191         char *tmp;
2192         size_t tlen;
2193         struct sshbuf *b;
2194         int r;
2195
2196         if (strncmp(cp, "SHA256:", 7) != 0)
2197                 fatal("%s:%lu: unsupported hash algorithm", file, lnum);
2198         cp += 7;
2199
2200         /*
2201          * OpenSSH base64 hashes omit trailing '='
2202          * characters; put them back for decode.
2203          */
2204         tlen = strlen(cp);
2205         tmp = xmalloc(tlen + 4 + 1);
2206         strlcpy(tmp, cp, tlen + 1);
2207         while ((tlen % 4) != 0) {
2208                 tmp[tlen++] = '=';
2209                 tmp[tlen] = '\0';
2210         }
2211         if ((b = sshbuf_new()) == NULL)
2212                 fatal_f("sshbuf_new failed");
2213         if ((r = sshbuf_b64tod(b, tmp)) != 0)
2214                 fatal_r(r, "%s:%lu: decode hash failed", file, lnum);
2215         free(tmp);
2216         *lenp = sshbuf_len(b);
2217         *blobp = xmalloc(*lenp);
2218         memcpy(*blobp, sshbuf_ptr(b), *lenp);
2219         sshbuf_free(b);
2220 }
2221
2222 static void
2223 update_krl_from_file(struct passwd *pw, const char *file, int wild_ca,
2224     const struct sshkey *ca, struct ssh_krl *krl)
2225 {
2226         struct sshkey *key = NULL;
2227         u_long lnum = 0;
2228         char *path, *cp, *ep, *line = NULL;
2229         u_char *blob = NULL;
2230         size_t blen = 0, linesize = 0;
2231         unsigned long long serial, serial2;
2232         int i, was_explicit_key, was_sha1, was_sha256, was_hash, r;
2233         FILE *krl_spec;
2234
2235         path = tilde_expand_filename(file, pw->pw_uid);
2236         if (strcmp(path, "-") == 0) {
2237                 krl_spec = stdin;
2238                 free(path);
2239                 path = xstrdup("(standard input)");
2240         } else if ((krl_spec = fopen(path, "r")) == NULL)
2241                 fatal("fopen %s: %s", path, strerror(errno));
2242
2243         if (!quiet)
2244                 printf("Revoking from %s\n", path);
2245         while (getline(&line, &linesize, krl_spec) != -1) {
2246                 lnum++;
2247                 was_explicit_key = was_sha1 = was_sha256 = was_hash = 0;
2248                 cp = line + strspn(line, " \t");
2249                 /* Trim trailing space, comments and strip \n */
2250                 for (i = 0, r = -1; cp[i] != '\0'; i++) {
2251                         if (cp[i] == '#' || cp[i] == '\n') {
2252                                 cp[i] = '\0';
2253                                 break;
2254                         }
2255                         if (cp[i] == ' ' || cp[i] == '\t') {
2256                                 /* Remember the start of a span of whitespace */
2257                                 if (r == -1)
2258                                         r = i;
2259                         } else
2260                                 r = -1;
2261                 }
2262                 if (r != -1)
2263                         cp[r] = '\0';
2264                 if (*cp == '\0')
2265                         continue;
2266                 if (strncasecmp(cp, "serial:", 7) == 0) {
2267                         if (ca == NULL && !wild_ca) {
2268                                 fatal("revoking certificates by serial number "
2269                                     "requires specification of a CA key");
2270                         }
2271                         cp += 7;
2272                         cp = cp + strspn(cp, " \t");
2273                         errno = 0;
2274                         serial = strtoull(cp, &ep, 0);
2275                         if (*cp == '\0' || (*ep != '\0' && *ep != '-'))
2276                                 fatal("%s:%lu: invalid serial \"%s\"",
2277                                     path, lnum, cp);
2278                         if (errno == ERANGE && serial == ULLONG_MAX)
2279                                 fatal("%s:%lu: serial out of range",
2280                                     path, lnum);
2281                         serial2 = serial;
2282                         if (*ep == '-') {
2283                                 cp = ep + 1;
2284                                 errno = 0;
2285                                 serial2 = strtoull(cp, &ep, 0);
2286                                 if (*cp == '\0' || *ep != '\0')
2287                                         fatal("%s:%lu: invalid serial \"%s\"",
2288                                             path, lnum, cp);
2289                                 if (errno == ERANGE && serial2 == ULLONG_MAX)
2290                                         fatal("%s:%lu: serial out of range",
2291                                             path, lnum);
2292                                 if (serial2 <= serial)
2293                                         fatal("%s:%lu: invalid serial range "
2294                                             "%llu:%llu", path, lnum,
2295                                             (unsigned long long)serial,
2296                                             (unsigned long long)serial2);
2297                         }
2298                         if (ssh_krl_revoke_cert_by_serial_range(krl,
2299                             ca, serial, serial2) != 0) {
2300                                 fatal_f("revoke serial failed");
2301                         }
2302                 } else if (strncasecmp(cp, "id:", 3) == 0) {
2303                         if (ca == NULL && !wild_ca) {
2304                                 fatal("revoking certificates by key ID "
2305                                     "requires specification of a CA key");
2306                         }
2307                         cp += 3;
2308                         cp = cp + strspn(cp, " \t");
2309                         if (ssh_krl_revoke_cert_by_key_id(krl, ca, cp) != 0)
2310                                 fatal_f("revoke key ID failed");
2311                 } else if (strncasecmp(cp, "hash:", 5) == 0) {
2312                         cp += 5;
2313                         cp = cp + strspn(cp, " \t");
2314                         hash_to_blob(cp, &blob, &blen, file, lnum);
2315                         r = ssh_krl_revoke_key_sha256(krl, blob, blen);
2316                         if (r != 0)
2317                                 fatal_fr(r, "revoke key failed");
2318                 } else {
2319                         if (strncasecmp(cp, "key:", 4) == 0) {
2320                                 cp += 4;
2321                                 cp = cp + strspn(cp, " \t");
2322                                 was_explicit_key = 1;
2323                         } else if (strncasecmp(cp, "sha1:", 5) == 0) {
2324                                 cp += 5;
2325                                 cp = cp + strspn(cp, " \t");
2326                                 was_sha1 = 1;
2327                         } else if (strncasecmp(cp, "sha256:", 7) == 0) {
2328                                 cp += 7;
2329                                 cp = cp + strspn(cp, " \t");
2330                                 was_sha256 = 1;
2331                                 /*
2332                                  * Just try to process the line as a key.
2333                                  * Parsing will fail if it isn't.
2334                                  */
2335                         }
2336                         if ((key = sshkey_new(KEY_UNSPEC)) == NULL)
2337                                 fatal("sshkey_new");
2338                         if ((r = sshkey_read(key, &cp)) != 0)
2339                                 fatal_r(r, "%s:%lu: invalid key", path, lnum);
2340                         if (was_explicit_key)
2341                                 r = ssh_krl_revoke_key_explicit(krl, key);
2342                         else if (was_sha1) {
2343                                 if (sshkey_fingerprint_raw(key,
2344                                     SSH_DIGEST_SHA1, &blob, &blen) != 0) {
2345                                         fatal("%s:%lu: fingerprint failed",
2346                                             file, lnum);
2347                                 }
2348                                 r = ssh_krl_revoke_key_sha1(krl, blob, blen);
2349                         } else if (was_sha256) {
2350                                 if (sshkey_fingerprint_raw(key,
2351                                     SSH_DIGEST_SHA256, &blob, &blen) != 0) {
2352                                         fatal("%s:%lu: fingerprint failed",
2353                                             file, lnum);
2354                                 }
2355                                 r = ssh_krl_revoke_key_sha256(krl, blob, blen);
2356                         } else
2357                                 r = ssh_krl_revoke_key(krl, key);
2358                         if (r != 0)
2359                                 fatal_fr(r, "revoke key failed");
2360                         freezero(blob, blen);
2361                         blob = NULL;
2362                         blen = 0;
2363                         sshkey_free(key);
2364                 }
2365         }
2366         if (strcmp(path, "-") != 0)
2367                 fclose(krl_spec);
2368         free(line);
2369         free(path);
2370 }
2371
2372 static void
2373 do_gen_krl(struct passwd *pw, int updating, const char *ca_key_path,
2374     unsigned long long krl_version, const char *krl_comment,
2375     int argc, char **argv)
2376 {
2377         struct ssh_krl *krl;
2378         struct stat sb;
2379         struct sshkey *ca = NULL;
2380         int i, r, wild_ca = 0;
2381         char *tmp;
2382         struct sshbuf *kbuf;
2383
2384         if (*identity_file == '\0')
2385                 fatal("KRL generation requires an output file");
2386         if (stat(identity_file, &sb) == -1) {
2387                 if (errno != ENOENT)
2388                         fatal("Cannot access KRL \"%s\": %s",
2389                             identity_file, strerror(errno));
2390                 if (updating)
2391                         fatal("KRL \"%s\" does not exist", identity_file);
2392         }
2393         if (ca_key_path != NULL) {
2394                 if (strcasecmp(ca_key_path, "none") == 0)
2395                         wild_ca = 1;
2396                 else {
2397                         tmp = tilde_expand_filename(ca_key_path, pw->pw_uid);
2398                         if ((r = sshkey_load_public(tmp, &ca, NULL)) != 0)
2399                                 fatal_r(r, "Cannot load CA public key %s", tmp);
2400                         free(tmp);
2401                 }
2402         }
2403
2404         if (updating)
2405                 load_krl(identity_file, &krl);
2406         else if ((krl = ssh_krl_init()) == NULL)
2407                 fatal("couldn't create KRL");
2408
2409         if (krl_version != 0)
2410                 ssh_krl_set_version(krl, krl_version);
2411         if (krl_comment != NULL)
2412                 ssh_krl_set_comment(krl, krl_comment);
2413
2414         for (i = 0; i < argc; i++)
2415                 update_krl_from_file(pw, argv[i], wild_ca, ca, krl);
2416
2417         if ((kbuf = sshbuf_new()) == NULL)
2418                 fatal("sshbuf_new failed");
2419         if (ssh_krl_to_blob(krl, kbuf, NULL, 0) != 0)
2420                 fatal("Couldn't generate KRL");
2421         if ((r = sshbuf_write_file(identity_file, kbuf)) != 0)
2422                 fatal("write %s: %s", identity_file, strerror(errno));
2423         sshbuf_free(kbuf);
2424         ssh_krl_free(krl);
2425         sshkey_free(ca);
2426 }
2427
2428 static void
2429 do_check_krl(struct passwd *pw, int print_krl, int argc, char **argv)
2430 {
2431         int i, r, ret = 0;
2432         char *comment;
2433         struct ssh_krl *krl;
2434         struct sshkey *k;
2435
2436         if (*identity_file == '\0')
2437                 fatal("KRL checking requires an input file");
2438         load_krl(identity_file, &krl);
2439         if (print_krl)
2440                 krl_dump(krl, stdout);
2441         for (i = 0; i < argc; i++) {
2442                 if ((r = sshkey_load_public(argv[i], &k, &comment)) != 0)
2443                         fatal_r(r, "Cannot load public key %s", argv[i]);
2444                 r = ssh_krl_check_key(krl, k);
2445                 printf("%s%s%s%s: %s\n", argv[i],
2446                     *comment ? " (" : "", comment, *comment ? ")" : "",
2447                     r == 0 ? "ok" : "REVOKED");
2448                 if (r != 0)
2449                         ret = 1;
2450                 sshkey_free(k);
2451                 free(comment);
2452         }
2453         ssh_krl_free(krl);
2454         exit(ret);
2455 }
2456
2457 static struct sshkey *
2458 load_sign_key(const char *keypath, const struct sshkey *pubkey)
2459 {
2460         size_t i, slen, plen = strlen(keypath);
2461         char *privpath = xstrdup(keypath);
2462         const char *suffixes[] = { "-cert.pub", ".pub", NULL };
2463         struct sshkey *ret = NULL, *privkey = NULL;
2464         int r;
2465
2466         /*
2467          * If passed a public key filename, then try to locate the corresponding
2468          * private key. This lets us specify certificates on the command-line
2469          * and have ssh-keygen find the appropriate private key.
2470          */
2471         for (i = 0; suffixes[i]; i++) {
2472                 slen = strlen(suffixes[i]);
2473                 if (plen <= slen ||
2474                     strcmp(privpath + plen - slen, suffixes[i]) != 0)
2475                         continue;
2476                 privpath[plen - slen] = '\0';
2477                 debug_f("%s looks like a public key, using private key "
2478                     "path %s instead", keypath, privpath);
2479         }
2480         if ((privkey = load_identity(privpath, NULL)) == NULL) {
2481                 error("Couldn't load identity %s", keypath);
2482                 goto done;
2483         }
2484         if (!sshkey_equal_public(pubkey, privkey)) {
2485                 error("Public key %s doesn't match private %s",
2486                     keypath, privpath);
2487                 goto done;
2488         }
2489         if (sshkey_is_cert(pubkey) && !sshkey_is_cert(privkey)) {
2490                 /*
2491                  * Graft the certificate onto the private key to make
2492                  * it capable of signing.
2493                  */
2494                 if ((r = sshkey_to_certified(privkey)) != 0) {
2495                         error_fr(r, "sshkey_to_certified");
2496                         goto done;
2497                 }
2498                 if ((r = sshkey_cert_copy(pubkey, privkey)) != 0) {
2499                         error_fr(r, "sshkey_cert_copy");
2500                         goto done;
2501                 }
2502         }
2503         /* success */
2504         ret = privkey;
2505         privkey = NULL;
2506  done:
2507         sshkey_free(privkey);
2508         free(privpath);
2509         return ret;
2510 }
2511
2512 static int
2513 sign_one(struct sshkey *signkey, const char *filename, int fd,
2514     const char *sig_namespace, sshsig_signer *signer, void *signer_ctx)
2515 {
2516         struct sshbuf *sigbuf = NULL, *abuf = NULL;
2517         int r = SSH_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR, wfd = -1, oerrno;
2518         char *wfile = NULL, *asig = NULL, *fp = NULL;
2519         char *pin = NULL, *prompt = NULL;
2520
2521         if (!quiet) {
2522                 if (fd == STDIN_FILENO)
2523                         fprintf(stderr, "Signing data on standard input\n");
2524                 else
2525                         fprintf(stderr, "Signing file %s\n", filename);
2526         }
2527         if (signer == NULL && sshkey_is_sk(signkey)) {
2528                 if ((signkey->sk_flags & SSH_SK_USER_VERIFICATION_REQD)) {
2529                         xasprintf(&prompt, "Enter PIN for %s key: ",
2530                             sshkey_type(signkey));
2531                         if ((pin = read_passphrase(prompt,
2532                             RP_ALLOW_STDIN)) == NULL)
2533                                 fatal_f("couldn't read PIN");
2534                 }
2535                 if ((signkey->sk_flags & SSH_SK_USER_PRESENCE_REQD)) {
2536                         if ((fp = sshkey_fingerprint(signkey, fingerprint_hash,
2537                             SSH_FP_DEFAULT)) == NULL)
2538                                 fatal_f("fingerprint failed");
2539                         fprintf(stderr, "Confirm user presence for key %s %s\n",
2540                             sshkey_type(signkey), fp);
2541                         free(fp);
2542                 }
2543         }
2544         if ((r = sshsig_sign_fd(signkey, NULL, sk_provider, pin,
2545             fd, sig_namespace, &sigbuf, signer, signer_ctx)) != 0) {
2546                 error_r(r, "Signing %s failed", filename);
2547                 goto out;
2548         }
2549         if ((r = sshsig_armor(sigbuf, &abuf)) != 0) {
2550                 error_fr(r, "sshsig_armor");
2551                 goto out;
2552         }
2553         if ((asig = sshbuf_dup_string(abuf)) == NULL) {
2554                 error_f("buffer error");
2555                 r = SSH_ERR_ALLOC_FAIL;
2556                 goto out;
2557         }
2558
2559         if (fd == STDIN_FILENO) {
2560                 fputs(asig, stdout);
2561                 fflush(stdout);
2562         } else {
2563                 xasprintf(&wfile, "%s.sig", filename);
2564                 if (confirm_overwrite(wfile)) {
2565                         if ((wfd = open(wfile, O_WRONLY|O_CREAT|O_TRUNC,
2566                             0666)) == -1) {
2567                                 oerrno = errno;
2568                                 error("Cannot open %s: %s",
2569                                     wfile, strerror(errno));
2570                                 errno = oerrno;
2571                                 r = SSH_ERR_SYSTEM_ERROR;
2572                                 goto out;
2573                         }
2574                         if (atomicio(vwrite, wfd, asig,
2575                             strlen(asig)) != strlen(asig)) {
2576                                 oerrno = errno;
2577                                 error("Cannot write to %s: %s",
2578                                     wfile, strerror(errno));
2579                                 errno = oerrno;
2580                                 r = SSH_ERR_SYSTEM_ERROR;
2581                                 goto out;
2582                         }
2583                         if (!quiet) {
2584                                 fprintf(stderr, "Write signature to %s\n",
2585                                     wfile);
2586                         }
2587                 }
2588         }
2589         /* success */
2590         r = 0;
2591  out:
2592         free(wfile);
2593         free(prompt);
2594         free(asig);
2595         if (pin != NULL)
2596                 freezero(pin, strlen(pin));
2597         sshbuf_free(abuf);
2598         sshbuf_free(sigbuf);
2599         if (wfd != -1)
2600                 close(wfd);
2601         return r;
2602 }
2603
2604 static int
2605 sig_sign(const char *keypath, const char *sig_namespace, int argc, char **argv)
2606 {
2607         int i, fd = -1, r, ret = -1;
2608         int agent_fd = -1;
2609         struct sshkey *pubkey = NULL, *privkey = NULL, *signkey = NULL;
2610         sshsig_signer *signer = NULL;
2611
2612         /* Check file arguments. */
2613         for (i = 0; i < argc; i++) {
2614                 if (strcmp(argv[i], "-") != 0)
2615                         continue;
2616                 if (i > 0 || argc > 1)
2617                         fatal("Cannot sign mix of paths and standard input");
2618         }
2619
2620         if ((r = sshkey_load_public(keypath, &pubkey, NULL)) != 0) {
2621                 error_r(r, "Couldn't load public key %s", keypath);
2622                 goto done;
2623         }
2624
2625         if ((r = ssh_get_authentication_socket(&agent_fd)) != 0)
2626                 debug_r(r, "Couldn't get agent socket");
2627         else {
2628                 if ((r = ssh_agent_has_key(agent_fd, pubkey)) == 0)
2629                         signer = agent_signer;
2630                 else
2631                         debug_r(r, "Couldn't find key in agent");
2632         }
2633
2634         if (signer == NULL) {
2635                 /* Not using agent - try to load private key */
2636                 if ((privkey = load_sign_key(keypath, pubkey)) == NULL)
2637                         goto done;
2638                 signkey = privkey;
2639         } else {
2640                 /* Will use key in agent */
2641                 signkey = pubkey;
2642         }
2643
2644         if (argc == 0) {
2645                 if ((r = sign_one(signkey, "(stdin)", STDIN_FILENO,
2646                     sig_namespace, signer, &agent_fd)) != 0)
2647                         goto done;
2648         } else {
2649                 for (i = 0; i < argc; i++) {
2650                         if (strcmp(argv[i], "-") == 0)
2651                                 fd = STDIN_FILENO;
2652                         else if ((fd = open(argv[i], O_RDONLY)) == -1) {
2653                                 error("Cannot open %s for signing: %s",
2654                                     argv[i], strerror(errno));
2655                                 goto done;
2656                         }
2657                         if ((r = sign_one(signkey, argv[i], fd, sig_namespace,
2658                             signer, &agent_fd)) != 0)
2659                                 goto done;
2660                         if (fd != STDIN_FILENO)
2661                                 close(fd);
2662                         fd = -1;
2663                 }
2664         }
2665
2666         ret = 0;
2667 done:
2668         if (fd != -1 && fd != STDIN_FILENO)
2669                 close(fd);
2670         sshkey_free(pubkey);
2671         sshkey_free(privkey);
2672         return ret;
2673 }
2674
2675 static int
2676 sig_process_opts(char * const *opts, size_t nopts, uint64_t *verify_timep,
2677     int *print_pubkey)
2678 {
2679         size_t i;
2680         time_t now;
2681
2682         *verify_timep = 0;
2683         if (print_pubkey != NULL)
2684                 *print_pubkey = 0;
2685         for (i = 0; i < nopts; i++) {
2686                 if (strncasecmp(opts[i], "verify-time=", 12) == 0) {
2687                         if (parse_absolute_time(opts[i] + 12,
2688                             verify_timep) != 0 || *verify_timep == 0) {
2689                                 error("Invalid \"verify-time\" option");
2690                                 return SSH_ERR_INVALID_ARGUMENT;
2691                         }
2692                 } else if (print_pubkey &&
2693                     strcasecmp(opts[i], "print-pubkey") == 0) {
2694                         *print_pubkey = 1;
2695                 } else {
2696                         error("Invalid option \"%s\"", opts[i]);
2697                         return SSH_ERR_INVALID_ARGUMENT;
2698                 }
2699         }
2700         if (*verify_timep == 0) {
2701                 if ((now = time(NULL)) < 0) {
2702                         error("Time is before epoch");
2703                         return SSH_ERR_INVALID_ARGUMENT;
2704                 }
2705                 *verify_timep = (uint64_t)now;
2706         }
2707         return 0;
2708 }
2709
2710 static int
2711 sig_verify(const char *signature, const char *sig_namespace,
2712     const char *principal, const char *allowed_keys, const char *revoked_keys,
2713     char * const *opts, size_t nopts)
2714 {
2715         int r, ret = -1;
2716         int print_pubkey = 0;
2717         struct sshbuf *sigbuf = NULL, *abuf = NULL;
2718         struct sshkey *sign_key = NULL;
2719         char *fp = NULL;
2720         struct sshkey_sig_details *sig_details = NULL;
2721         uint64_t verify_time = 0;
2722
2723         if (sig_process_opts(opts, nopts, &verify_time, &print_pubkey) != 0)
2724                 goto done; /* error already logged */
2725
2726         memset(&sig_details, 0, sizeof(sig_details));
2727         if ((r = sshbuf_load_file(signature, &abuf)) != 0) {
2728                 error_r(r, "Couldn't read signature file");
2729                 goto done;
2730         }
2731
2732         if ((r = sshsig_dearmor(abuf, &sigbuf)) != 0) {
2733                 error_fr(r, "sshsig_armor");
2734                 goto done;
2735         }
2736         if ((r = sshsig_verify_fd(sigbuf, STDIN_FILENO, sig_namespace,
2737             &sign_key, &sig_details)) != 0)
2738                 goto done; /* sshsig_verify() prints error */
2739
2740         if ((fp = sshkey_fingerprint(sign_key, fingerprint_hash,
2741             SSH_FP_DEFAULT)) == NULL)
2742                 fatal_f("sshkey_fingerprint failed");
2743         debug("Valid (unverified) signature from key %s", fp);
2744         if (sig_details != NULL) {
2745                 debug2_f("signature details: counter = %u, flags = 0x%02x",
2746                     sig_details->sk_counter, sig_details->sk_flags);
2747         }
2748         free(fp);
2749         fp = NULL;
2750
2751         if (revoked_keys != NULL) {
2752                 if ((r = sshkey_check_revoked(sign_key, revoked_keys)) != 0) {
2753                         debug3_fr(r, "sshkey_check_revoked");
2754                         goto done;
2755                 }
2756         }
2757
2758         if (allowed_keys != NULL && (r = sshsig_check_allowed_keys(allowed_keys,
2759             sign_key, principal, sig_namespace, verify_time)) != 0) {
2760                 debug3_fr(r, "sshsig_check_allowed_keys");
2761                 goto done;
2762         }
2763         /* success */
2764         ret = 0;
2765 done:
2766         if (!quiet) {
2767                 if (ret == 0) {
2768                         if ((fp = sshkey_fingerprint(sign_key, fingerprint_hash,
2769                             SSH_FP_DEFAULT)) == NULL)
2770                                 fatal_f("sshkey_fingerprint failed");
2771                         if (principal == NULL) {
2772                                 printf("Good \"%s\" signature with %s key %s\n",
2773                                     sig_namespace, sshkey_type(sign_key), fp);
2774
2775                         } else {
2776                                 printf("Good \"%s\" signature for %s with %s key %s\n",
2777                                     sig_namespace, principal,
2778                                     sshkey_type(sign_key), fp);
2779                         }
2780                 } else {
2781                         printf("Could not verify signature.\n");
2782                 }
2783         }
2784         /* Print the signature key if requested */
2785         if (ret == 0 && print_pubkey && sign_key != NULL) {
2786                 if ((r = sshkey_write(sign_key, stdout)) == 0)
2787                         fputc('\n', stdout);
2788                 else {
2789                         error_r(r, "Could not print public key.\n");
2790                         ret = -1;
2791                 }
2792         }
2793         sshbuf_free(sigbuf);
2794         sshbuf_free(abuf);
2795         sshkey_free(sign_key);
2796         sshkey_sig_details_free(sig_details);
2797         free(fp);
2798         return ret;
2799 }
2800
2801 static int
2802 sig_find_principals(const char *signature, const char *allowed_keys,
2803     char * const *opts, size_t nopts)
2804 {
2805         int r, ret = -1;
2806         struct sshbuf *sigbuf = NULL, *abuf = NULL;
2807         struct sshkey *sign_key = NULL;
2808         char *principals = NULL, *cp, *tmp;
2809         uint64_t verify_time = 0;
2810
2811         if (sig_process_opts(opts, nopts, &verify_time, NULL) != 0)
2812                 goto done; /* error already logged */
2813
2814         if ((r = sshbuf_load_file(signature, &abuf)) != 0) {
2815                 error_r(r, "Couldn't read signature file");
2816                 goto done;
2817         }
2818         if ((r = sshsig_dearmor(abuf, &sigbuf)) != 0) {
2819                 error_fr(r, "sshsig_armor");
2820                 goto done;
2821         }
2822         if ((r = sshsig_get_pubkey(sigbuf, &sign_key)) != 0) {
2823                 error_fr(r, "sshsig_get_pubkey");
2824                 goto done;
2825         }
2826         if ((r = sshsig_find_principals(allowed_keys, sign_key,
2827             verify_time, &principals)) != 0) {
2828                 if (r != SSH_ERR_KEY_NOT_FOUND)
2829                         error_fr(r, "sshsig_find_principal");
2830                 goto done;
2831         }
2832         ret = 0;
2833 done:
2834         if (ret == 0 ) {
2835                 /* Emit matching principals one per line */
2836                 tmp = principals;
2837                 while ((cp = strsep(&tmp, ",")) != NULL && *cp != '\0')
2838                         puts(cp);
2839         } else {
2840                 fprintf(stderr, "No principal matched.\n");
2841         }
2842         sshbuf_free(sigbuf);
2843         sshbuf_free(abuf);
2844         sshkey_free(sign_key);
2845         free(principals);
2846         return ret;
2847 }
2848
2849 static void
2850 do_moduli_gen(const char *out_file, char **opts, size_t nopts)
2851 {
2852 #ifdef WITH_OPENSSL
2853         /* Moduli generation/screening */
2854         u_int32_t memory = 0;
2855         BIGNUM *start = NULL;
2856         int moduli_bits = 0;
2857         FILE *out;
2858         size_t i;
2859         const char *errstr;
2860
2861         /* Parse options */
2862         for (i = 0; i < nopts; i++) {
2863                 if (strncmp(opts[i], "memory=", 7) == 0) {
2864                         memory = (u_int32_t)strtonum(opts[i]+7, 1,
2865                             UINT_MAX, &errstr);
2866                         if (errstr) {
2867                                 fatal("Memory limit is %s: %s",
2868                                     errstr, opts[i]+7);
2869                         }
2870                 } else if (strncmp(opts[i], "start=", 6) == 0) {
2871                         /* XXX - also compare length against bits */
2872                         if (BN_hex2bn(&start, opts[i]+6) == 0)
2873                                 fatal("Invalid start point.");
2874                 } else if (strncmp(opts[i], "bits=", 5) == 0) {
2875                         moduli_bits = (int)strtonum(opts[i]+5, 1,
2876                             INT_MAX, &errstr);
2877                         if (errstr) {
2878                                 fatal("Invalid number: %s (%s)",
2879                                         opts[i]+12, errstr);
2880                         }
2881                 } else {
2882                         fatal("Option \"%s\" is unsupported for moduli "
2883                             "generation", opts[i]);
2884                 }
2885         }
2886
2887         if ((out = fopen(out_file, "w")) == NULL) {
2888                 fatal("Couldn't open modulus candidate file \"%s\": %s",
2889                     out_file, strerror(errno));
2890         }
2891         setvbuf(out, NULL, _IOLBF, 0);
2892
2893         if (moduli_bits == 0)
2894                 moduli_bits = DEFAULT_BITS;
2895         if (gen_candidates(out, memory, moduli_bits, start) != 0)
2896                 fatal("modulus candidate generation failed");
2897 #else /* WITH_OPENSSL */
2898         fatal("Moduli generation is not supported");
2899 #endif /* WITH_OPENSSL */
2900 }
2901
2902 static void
2903 do_moduli_screen(const char *out_file, char **opts, size_t nopts)
2904 {
2905 #ifdef WITH_OPENSSL
2906         /* Moduli generation/screening */
2907         char *checkpoint = NULL;
2908         u_int32_t generator_wanted = 0;
2909         unsigned long start_lineno = 0, lines_to_process = 0;
2910         int prime_tests = 0;
2911         FILE *out, *in = stdin;
2912         size_t i;
2913         const char *errstr;
2914
2915         /* Parse options */
2916         for (i = 0; i < nopts; i++) {
2917                 if (strncmp(opts[i], "lines=", 6) == 0) {
2918                         lines_to_process = strtoul(opts[i]+6, NULL, 10);
2919                 } else if (strncmp(opts[i], "start-line=", 11) == 0) {
2920                         start_lineno = strtoul(opts[i]+11, NULL, 10);
2921                 } else if (strncmp(opts[i], "checkpoint=", 11) == 0) {
2922                         checkpoint = xstrdup(opts[i]+11);
2923                 } else if (strncmp(opts[i], "generator=", 10) == 0) {
2924                         generator_wanted = (u_int32_t)strtonum(
2925                             opts[i]+10, 1, UINT_MAX, &errstr);
2926                         if (errstr != NULL) {
2927                                 fatal("Generator invalid: %s (%s)",
2928                                     opts[i]+10, errstr);
2929                         }
2930                 } else if (strncmp(opts[i], "prime-tests=", 12) == 0) {
2931                         prime_tests = (int)strtonum(opts[i]+12, 1,
2932                             INT_MAX, &errstr);
2933                         if (errstr) {
2934                                 fatal("Invalid number: %s (%s)",
2935                                         opts[i]+12, errstr);
2936                         }
2937                 } else {
2938                         fatal("Option \"%s\" is unsupported for moduli "
2939                             "screening", opts[i]);
2940                 }
2941         }
2942
2943         if (have_identity && strcmp(identity_file, "-") != 0) {
2944                 if ((in = fopen(identity_file, "r")) == NULL) {
2945                         fatal("Couldn't open modulus candidate "
2946                             "file \"%s\": %s", identity_file,
2947                             strerror(errno));
2948                 }
2949         }
2950
2951         if ((out = fopen(out_file, "a")) == NULL) {
2952                 fatal("Couldn't open moduli file \"%s\": %s",
2953                     out_file, strerror(errno));
2954         }
2955         setvbuf(out, NULL, _IOLBF, 0);
2956         if (prime_test(in, out, prime_tests == 0 ? 100 : prime_tests,
2957             generator_wanted, checkpoint,
2958             start_lineno, lines_to_process) != 0)
2959                 fatal("modulus screening failed");
2960 #else /* WITH_OPENSSL */
2961         fatal("Moduli screening is not supported");
2962 #endif /* WITH_OPENSSL */
2963 }
2964
2965 static char *
2966 private_key_passphrase(void)
2967 {
2968         char *passphrase1, *passphrase2;
2969
2970         /* Ask for a passphrase (twice). */
2971         if (identity_passphrase)
2972                 passphrase1 = xstrdup(identity_passphrase);
2973         else if (identity_new_passphrase)
2974                 passphrase1 = xstrdup(identity_new_passphrase);
2975         else {
2976 passphrase_again:
2977                 passphrase1 =
2978                         read_passphrase("Enter passphrase (empty for no "
2979                             "passphrase): ", RP_ALLOW_STDIN);
2980                 passphrase2 = read_passphrase("Enter same passphrase again: ",
2981                     RP_ALLOW_STDIN);
2982                 if (strcmp(passphrase1, passphrase2) != 0) {
2983                         /*
2984                          * The passphrases do not match.  Clear them and
2985                          * retry.
2986                          */
2987                         freezero(passphrase1, strlen(passphrase1));
2988                         freezero(passphrase2, strlen(passphrase2));
2989                         printf("Passphrases do not match.  Try again.\n");
2990                         goto passphrase_again;
2991                 }
2992                 /* Clear the other copy of the passphrase. */
2993                 freezero(passphrase2, strlen(passphrase2));
2994         }
2995         return passphrase1;
2996 }
2997
2998 static const char *
2999 skip_ssh_url_preamble(const char *s)
3000 {
3001         if (strncmp(s, "ssh://", 6) == 0)
3002                 return s + 6;
3003         else if (strncmp(s, "ssh:", 4) == 0)
3004                 return s + 4;
3005         return s;
3006 }
3007
3008 static int
3009 do_download_sk(const char *skprovider, const char *device)
3010 {
3011         struct sshkey **keys;
3012         size_t nkeys, i;
3013         int r, ret = -1;
3014         char *fp, *pin = NULL, *pass = NULL, *path, *pubpath;
3015         const char *ext;
3016
3017         if (skprovider == NULL)
3018                 fatal("Cannot download keys without provider");
3019
3020         pin = read_passphrase("Enter PIN for authenticator: ", RP_ALLOW_STDIN);
3021         if (!quiet) {
3022                 printf("You may need to touch your authenticator "
3023                     "to authorize key download.\n");
3024         }
3025         if ((r = sshsk_load_resident(skprovider, device, pin,
3026             &keys, &nkeys)) != 0) {
3027                 if (pin != NULL)
3028                         freezero(pin, strlen(pin));
3029                 error_r(r, "Unable to load resident keys");
3030                 return -1;
3031         }
3032         if (nkeys == 0)
3033                 logit("No keys to download");
3034         if (pin != NULL)
3035                 freezero(pin, strlen(pin));
3036
3037         for (i = 0; i < nkeys; i++) {
3038                 if (keys[i]->type != KEY_ECDSA_SK &&
3039                     keys[i]->type != KEY_ED25519_SK) {
3040                         error("Unsupported key type %s (%d)",
3041                             sshkey_type(keys[i]), keys[i]->type);
3042                         continue;
3043                 }
3044                 if ((fp = sshkey_fingerprint(keys[i],
3045                     fingerprint_hash, SSH_FP_DEFAULT)) == NULL)
3046                         fatal_f("sshkey_fingerprint failed");
3047                 debug_f("key %zu: %s %s %s (flags 0x%02x)", i,
3048                     sshkey_type(keys[i]), fp, keys[i]->sk_application,
3049                     keys[i]->sk_flags);
3050                 ext = skip_ssh_url_preamble(keys[i]->sk_application);
3051                 xasprintf(&path, "id_%s_rk%s%s",
3052                     keys[i]->type == KEY_ECDSA_SK ? "ecdsa_sk" : "ed25519_sk",
3053                     *ext == '\0' ? "" : "_", ext);
3054
3055                 /* If the file already exists, ask the user to confirm. */
3056                 if (!confirm_overwrite(path)) {
3057                         free(path);
3058                         break;
3059                 }
3060
3061                 /* Save the key with the application string as the comment */
3062                 if (pass == NULL)
3063                         pass = private_key_passphrase();
3064                 if ((r = sshkey_save_private(keys[i], path, pass,
3065                     keys[i]->sk_application, private_key_format,
3066                     openssh_format_cipher, rounds)) != 0) {
3067                         error_r(r, "Saving key \"%s\" failed", path);
3068                         free(path);
3069                         break;
3070                 }
3071                 if (!quiet) {
3072                         printf("Saved %s key%s%s to %s\n",
3073                             sshkey_type(keys[i]),
3074                             *ext != '\0' ? " " : "",
3075                             *ext != '\0' ? keys[i]->sk_application : "",
3076                             path);
3077                 }
3078
3079                 /* Save public key too */
3080                 xasprintf(&pubpath, "%s.pub", path);
3081                 free(path);
3082                 if ((r = sshkey_save_public(keys[i], pubpath,
3083                     keys[i]->sk_application)) != 0) {
3084                         error_r(r, "Saving public key \"%s\" failed", pubpath);
3085                         free(pubpath);
3086                         break;
3087                 }
3088                 free(pubpath);
3089         }
3090
3091         if (i >= nkeys)
3092                 ret = 0; /* success */
3093         if (pass != NULL)
3094                 freezero(pass, strlen(pass));
3095         for (i = 0; i < nkeys; i++)
3096                 sshkey_free(keys[i]);
3097         free(keys);
3098         return ret;
3099 }
3100
3101 static void
3102 save_attestation(struct sshbuf *attest, const char *path)
3103 {
3104         mode_t omask;
3105         int r;
3106
3107         if (path == NULL)
3108                 return; /* nothing to do */
3109         if (attest == NULL || sshbuf_len(attest) == 0)
3110                 fatal("Enrollment did not return attestation data");
3111         omask = umask(077);
3112         r = sshbuf_write_file(path, attest);
3113         umask(omask);
3114         if (r != 0)
3115                 fatal_r(r, "Unable to write attestation data \"%s\"", path);
3116         if (!quiet)
3117                 printf("Your FIDO attestation certificate has been saved in "
3118                     "%s\n", path);
3119 }
3120
3121 static void
3122 usage(void)
3123 {
3124         fprintf(stderr,
3125             "usage: ssh-keygen [-q] [-a rounds] [-b bits] [-C comment] [-f output_keyfile]\n"
3126             "                  [-m format] [-N new_passphrase] [-O option]\n"
3127             "                  [-t dsa | ecdsa | ecdsa-sk | ed25519 | ed25519-sk | rsa]\n"
3128             "                  [-w provider] [-Z cipher]\n"
3129             "       ssh-keygen -p [-a rounds] [-f keyfile] [-m format] [-N new_passphrase]\n"
3130             "                   [-P old_passphrase] [-Z cipher]\n"
3131 #ifdef WITH_OPENSSL
3132             "       ssh-keygen -i [-f input_keyfile] [-m key_format]\n"
3133             "       ssh-keygen -e [-f input_keyfile] [-m key_format]\n"
3134 #endif
3135             "       ssh-keygen -y [-f input_keyfile]\n"
3136             "       ssh-keygen -c [-a rounds] [-C comment] [-f keyfile] [-P passphrase]\n"
3137             "       ssh-keygen -l [-v] [-E fingerprint_hash] [-f input_keyfile]\n"
3138             "       ssh-keygen -B [-f input_keyfile]\n");
3139 #ifdef ENABLE_PKCS11
3140         fprintf(stderr,
3141             "       ssh-keygen -D pkcs11\n");
3142 #endif
3143         fprintf(stderr,
3144             "       ssh-keygen -F hostname [-lv] [-f known_hosts_file]\n"
3145             "       ssh-keygen -H [-f known_hosts_file]\n"
3146             "       ssh-keygen -K [-a rounds] [-w provider]\n"
3147             "       ssh-keygen -R hostname [-f known_hosts_file]\n"
3148             "       ssh-keygen -r hostname [-g] [-f input_keyfile]\n"
3149 #ifdef WITH_OPENSSL
3150             "       ssh-keygen -M generate [-O option] output_file\n"
3151             "       ssh-keygen -M screen [-f input_file] [-O option] output_file\n"
3152 #endif
3153             "       ssh-keygen -I certificate_identity -s ca_key [-hU] [-D pkcs11_provider]\n"
3154             "                  [-n principals] [-O option] [-V validity_interval]\n"
3155             "                  [-z serial_number] file ...\n"
3156             "       ssh-keygen -L [-f input_keyfile]\n"
3157             "       ssh-keygen -A [-a rounds] [-f prefix_path]\n"
3158             "       ssh-keygen -k -f krl_file [-u] [-s ca_public] [-z version_number]\n"
3159             "                  file ...\n"
3160             "       ssh-keygen -Q [-l] -f krl_file [file ...]\n"
3161             "       ssh-keygen -Y find-principals -s signature_file -f allowed_signers_file\n"
3162             "       ssh-keygen -Y check-novalidate -n namespace -s signature_file\n"
3163             "       ssh-keygen -Y sign -f key_file -n namespace file ...\n"
3164             "       ssh-keygen -Y verify -f allowed_signers_file -I signer_identity\n"
3165             "                  -n namespace -s signature_file [-r revocation_file]\n");
3166         exit(1);
3167 }
3168
3169 /*
3170  * Main program for key management.
3171  */
3172 int
3173 main(int argc, char **argv)
3174 {
3175         char comment[1024], *passphrase;
3176         char *rr_hostname = NULL, *ep, *fp, *ra;
3177         struct sshkey *private, *public;
3178         struct passwd *pw;
3179         int r, opt, type;
3180         int change_passphrase = 0, change_comment = 0, show_cert = 0;
3181         int find_host = 0, delete_host = 0, hash_hosts = 0;
3182         int gen_all_hostkeys = 0, gen_krl = 0, update_krl = 0, check_krl = 0;
3183         int prefer_agent = 0, convert_to = 0, convert_from = 0;
3184         int print_public = 0, print_generic = 0, cert_serial_autoinc = 0;
3185         int do_gen_candidates = 0, do_screen_candidates = 0, download_sk = 0;
3186         unsigned long long cert_serial = 0;
3187         char *identity_comment = NULL, *ca_key_path = NULL, **opts = NULL;
3188         char *sk_application = NULL, *sk_device = NULL, *sk_user = NULL;
3189         char *sk_attestation_path = NULL;
3190         struct sshbuf *challenge = NULL, *attest = NULL;
3191         size_t i, nopts = 0;
3192         u_int32_t bits = 0;
3193         uint8_t sk_flags = SSH_SK_USER_PRESENCE_REQD;
3194         const char *errstr;
3195         int log_level = SYSLOG_LEVEL_INFO;
3196         char *sign_op = NULL;
3197
3198         extern int optind;
3199         extern char *optarg;
3200
3201         /* Ensure that fds 0, 1 and 2 are open or directed to /dev/null */
3202         sanitise_stdfd();
3203
3204         __progname = ssh_get_progname(argv[0]);
3205
3206         seed_rng();
3207
3208         log_init(argv[0], SYSLOG_LEVEL_INFO, SYSLOG_FACILITY_USER, 1);
3209
3210         msetlocale();
3211
3212         /* we need this for the home * directory.  */
3213         pw = getpwuid(getuid());
3214         if (!pw)
3215                 fatal("No user exists for uid %lu", (u_long)getuid());
3216         pw = pwcopy(pw);
3217         if (gethostname(hostname, sizeof(hostname)) == -1)
3218                 fatal("gethostname: %s", strerror(errno));
3219
3220         sk_provider = getenv("SSH_SK_PROVIDER");
3221
3222         /* Remaining characters: dGjJSTWx */
3223         while ((opt = getopt(argc, argv, "ABHKLQUXceghiklopquvy"
3224             "C:D:E:F:I:M:N:O:P:R:V:Y:Z:"
3225             "a:b:f:g:m:n:r:s:t:w:z:")) != -1) {
3226                 switch (opt) {
3227                 case 'A':
3228                         gen_all_hostkeys = 1;
3229                         break;
3230                 case 'b':
3231                         bits = (u_int32_t)strtonum(optarg, 1, UINT32_MAX,
3232                             &errstr);
3233                         if (errstr)
3234                                 fatal("Bits has bad value %s (%s)",
3235                                         optarg, errstr);
3236                         break;
3237                 case 'E':
3238                         fingerprint_hash = ssh_digest_alg_by_name(optarg);
3239                         if (fingerprint_hash == -1)
3240                                 fatal("Invalid hash algorithm \"%s\"", optarg);
3241                         break;
3242                 case 'F':
3243                         find_host = 1;
3244                         rr_hostname = optarg;
3245                         break;
3246                 case 'H':
3247                         hash_hosts = 1;
3248                         break;
3249                 case 'I':
3250                         cert_key_id = optarg;
3251                         break;
3252                 case 'R':
3253                         delete_host = 1;
3254                         rr_hostname = optarg;
3255                         break;
3256                 case 'L':
3257                         show_cert = 1;
3258                         break;
3259                 case 'l':
3260                         print_fingerprint = 1;
3261                         break;
3262                 case 'B':
3263                         print_bubblebabble = 1;
3264                         break;
3265                 case 'm':
3266                         if (strcasecmp(optarg, "RFC4716") == 0 ||
3267                             strcasecmp(optarg, "ssh2") == 0) {
3268                                 convert_format = FMT_RFC4716;
3269                                 break;
3270                         }
3271                         if (strcasecmp(optarg, "PKCS8") == 0) {
3272                                 convert_format = FMT_PKCS8;
3273                                 private_key_format = SSHKEY_PRIVATE_PKCS8;
3274                                 break;
3275                         }
3276                         if (strcasecmp(optarg, "PEM") == 0) {
3277                                 convert_format = FMT_PEM;
3278                                 private_key_format = SSHKEY_PRIVATE_PEM;
3279                                 break;
3280                         }
3281                         fatal("Unsupported conversion format \"%s\"", optarg);
3282                 case 'n':
3283                         cert_principals = optarg;
3284                         break;
3285                 case 'o':
3286                         /* no-op; new format is already the default */
3287                         break;
3288                 case 'p':
3289                         change_passphrase = 1;
3290                         break;
3291                 case 'c':
3292                         change_comment = 1;
3293                         break;
3294                 case 'f':
3295                         if (strlcpy(identity_file, optarg,
3296                             sizeof(identity_file)) >= sizeof(identity_file))
3297                                 fatal("Identity filename too long");
3298                         have_identity = 1;
3299                         break;
3300                 case 'g':
3301                         print_generic = 1;
3302                         break;
3303                 case 'K':
3304                         download_sk = 1;
3305                         break;
3306                 case 'P':
3307                         identity_passphrase = optarg;
3308                         break;
3309                 case 'N':
3310                         identity_new_passphrase = optarg;
3311                         break;
3312                 case 'Q':
3313                         check_krl = 1;
3314                         break;
3315                 case 'O':
3316                         opts = xrecallocarray(opts, nopts, nopts + 1,
3317                             sizeof(*opts));
3318                         opts[nopts++] = xstrdup(optarg);
3319                         break;
3320                 case 'Z':
3321                         openssh_format_cipher = optarg;
3322                         if (cipher_by_name(openssh_format_cipher) == NULL)
3323                                 fatal("Invalid OpenSSH-format cipher '%s'",
3324                                     openssh_format_cipher);
3325                         break;
3326                 case 'C':
3327                         identity_comment = optarg;
3328                         break;
3329                 case 'q':
3330                         quiet = 1;
3331                         break;
3332                 case 'e':
3333                         /* export key */
3334                         convert_to = 1;
3335                         break;
3336                 case 'h':
3337                         cert_key_type = SSH2_CERT_TYPE_HOST;
3338                         certflags_flags = 0;
3339                         break;
3340                 case 'k':
3341                         gen_krl = 1;
3342                         break;
3343                 case 'i':
3344                 case 'X':
3345                         /* import key */
3346                         convert_from = 1;
3347                         break;
3348                 case 'y':
3349                         print_public = 1;
3350                         break;
3351                 case 's':
3352                         ca_key_path = optarg;
3353                         break;
3354                 case 't':
3355                         key_type_name = optarg;
3356                         break;
3357                 case 'D':
3358                         pkcs11provider = optarg;
3359                         break;
3360                 case 'U':
3361                         prefer_agent = 1;
3362                         break;
3363                 case 'u':
3364                         update_krl = 1;
3365                         break;
3366                 case 'v':
3367                         if (log_level == SYSLOG_LEVEL_INFO)
3368                                 log_level = SYSLOG_LEVEL_DEBUG1;
3369                         else {
3370                                 if (log_level >= SYSLOG_LEVEL_DEBUG1 &&
3371                                     log_level < SYSLOG_LEVEL_DEBUG3)
3372                                         log_level++;
3373                         }
3374                         break;
3375                 case 'r':
3376                         rr_hostname = optarg;
3377                         break;
3378                 case 'a':
3379                         rounds = (int)strtonum(optarg, 1, INT_MAX, &errstr);
3380                         if (errstr)
3381                                 fatal("Invalid number: %s (%s)",
3382                                         optarg, errstr);
3383                         break;
3384                 case 'V':
3385                         parse_cert_times(optarg);
3386                         break;
3387                 case 'Y':
3388                         sign_op = optarg;
3389                         break;
3390                 case 'w':
3391                         sk_provider = optarg;
3392                         break;
3393                 case 'z':
3394                         errno = 0;
3395                         if (*optarg == '+') {
3396                                 cert_serial_autoinc = 1;
3397                                 optarg++;
3398                         }
3399                         cert_serial = strtoull(optarg, &ep, 10);
3400                         if (*optarg < '0' || *optarg > '9' || *ep != '\0' ||
3401                             (errno == ERANGE && cert_serial == ULLONG_MAX))
3402                                 fatal("Invalid serial number \"%s\"", optarg);
3403                         break;
3404                 case 'M':
3405                         if (strcmp(optarg, "generate") == 0)
3406                                 do_gen_candidates = 1;
3407                         else if (strcmp(optarg, "screen") == 0)
3408                                 do_screen_candidates = 1;
3409                         else
3410                                 fatal("Unsupported moduli option %s", optarg);
3411                         break;
3412                 case '?':
3413                 default:
3414                         usage();
3415                 }
3416         }
3417
3418 #ifdef ENABLE_SK_INTERNAL
3419         if (sk_provider == NULL)
3420                 sk_provider = "internal";
3421 #endif
3422
3423         /* reinit */
3424         log_init(argv[0], log_level, SYSLOG_FACILITY_USER, 1);
3425
3426         argv += optind;
3427         argc -= optind;
3428
3429         if (sign_op != NULL) {
3430                 if (strncmp(sign_op, "find-principals", 15) == 0) {
3431                         if (ca_key_path == NULL) {
3432                                 error("Too few arguments for find-principals:"
3433                                     "missing signature file");
3434                                 exit(1);
3435                         }
3436                         if (!have_identity) {
3437                                 error("Too few arguments for find-principals:"
3438                                     "missing allowed keys file");
3439                                 exit(1);
3440                         }
3441                         return sig_find_principals(ca_key_path, identity_file,
3442                             opts, nopts);
3443                 } else if (strncmp(sign_op, "sign", 4) == 0) {
3444                         if (cert_principals == NULL ||
3445                             *cert_principals == '\0') {
3446                                 error("Too few arguments for sign: "
3447                                     "missing namespace");
3448                                 exit(1);
3449                         }
3450                         if (!have_identity) {
3451                                 error("Too few arguments for sign: "
3452                                     "missing key");
3453                                 exit(1);
3454                         }
3455                         return sig_sign(identity_file, cert_principals,
3456                             argc, argv);
3457                 } else if (strncmp(sign_op, "check-novalidate", 16) == 0) {
3458                         if (ca_key_path == NULL) {
3459                                 error("Too few arguments for check-novalidate: "
3460                                     "missing signature file");
3461                                 exit(1);
3462                         }
3463                         return sig_verify(ca_key_path, cert_principals,
3464                             NULL, NULL, NULL, opts, nopts);
3465                 } else if (strncmp(sign_op, "verify", 6) == 0) {
3466                         if (cert_principals == NULL ||
3467                             *cert_principals == '\0') {
3468                                 error("Too few arguments for verify: "
3469                                     "missing namespace");
3470                                 exit(1);
3471                         }
3472                         if (ca_key_path == NULL) {
3473                                 error("Too few arguments for verify: "
3474                                     "missing signature file");
3475                                 exit(1);
3476                         }
3477                         if (!have_identity) {
3478                                 error("Too few arguments for sign: "
3479                                     "missing allowed keys file");
3480                                 exit(1);
3481                         }
3482                         if (cert_key_id == NULL) {
3483                                 error("Too few arguments for verify: "
3484                                     "missing principal ID");
3485                                 exit(1);
3486                         }
3487                         return sig_verify(ca_key_path, cert_principals,
3488                             cert_key_id, identity_file, rr_hostname,
3489                             opts, nopts);
3490                 }
3491                 error("Unsupported operation for -Y: \"%s\"", sign_op);
3492                 usage();
3493                 /* NOTREACHED */
3494         }
3495
3496         if (ca_key_path != NULL) {
3497                 if (argc < 1 && !gen_krl) {
3498                         error("Too few arguments.");
3499                         usage();
3500                 }
3501         } else if (argc > 0 && !gen_krl && !check_krl &&
3502             !do_gen_candidates && !do_screen_candidates) {
3503                 error("Too many arguments.");
3504                 usage();
3505         }
3506         if (change_passphrase && change_comment) {
3507                 error("Can only have one of -p and -c.");
3508                 usage();
3509         }
3510         if (print_fingerprint && (delete_host || hash_hosts)) {
3511                 error("Cannot use -l with -H or -R.");
3512                 usage();
3513         }
3514         if (gen_krl) {
3515                 do_gen_krl(pw, update_krl, ca_key_path,
3516                     cert_serial, identity_comment, argc, argv);
3517                 return (0);
3518         }
3519         if (check_krl) {
3520                 do_check_krl(pw, print_fingerprint, argc, argv);
3521                 return (0);
3522         }
3523         if (ca_key_path != NULL) {
3524                 if (cert_key_id == NULL)
3525                         fatal("Must specify key id (-I) when certifying");
3526                 for (i = 0; i < nopts; i++)
3527                         add_cert_option(opts[i]);
3528                 do_ca_sign(pw, ca_key_path, prefer_agent,
3529                     cert_serial, cert_serial_autoinc, argc, argv);
3530         }
3531         if (show_cert)
3532                 do_show_cert(pw);
3533         if (delete_host || hash_hosts || find_host) {
3534                 do_known_hosts(pw, rr_hostname, find_host,
3535                     delete_host, hash_hosts);
3536         }
3537         if (pkcs11provider != NULL)
3538                 do_download(pw);
3539         if (download_sk) {
3540                 for (i = 0; i < nopts; i++) {
3541                         if (strncasecmp(opts[i], "device=", 7) == 0) {
3542                                 sk_device = xstrdup(opts[i] + 7);
3543                         } else {
3544                                 fatal("Option \"%s\" is unsupported for "
3545                                     "FIDO authenticator download", opts[i]);
3546                         }
3547                 }
3548                 return do_download_sk(sk_provider, sk_device);
3549         }
3550         if (print_fingerprint || print_bubblebabble)
3551                 do_fingerprint(pw);
3552         if (change_passphrase)
3553                 do_change_passphrase(pw);
3554         if (change_comment)
3555                 do_change_comment(pw, identity_comment);
3556 #ifdef WITH_OPENSSL
3557         if (convert_to)
3558                 do_convert_to(pw);
3559         if (convert_from)
3560                 do_convert_from(pw);
3561 #else /* WITH_OPENSSL */
3562         if (convert_to || convert_from)
3563                 fatal("key conversion disabled at compile time");
3564 #endif /* WITH_OPENSSL */
3565         if (print_public)
3566                 do_print_public(pw);
3567         if (rr_hostname != NULL) {
3568                 unsigned int n = 0;
3569
3570                 if (have_identity) {
3571                         n = do_print_resource_record(pw, identity_file,
3572                             rr_hostname, print_generic);
3573                         if (n == 0)
3574                                 fatal("%s: %s", identity_file, strerror(errno));
3575                         exit(0);
3576                 } else {
3577
3578                         n += do_print_resource_record(pw,
3579                             _PATH_HOST_RSA_KEY_FILE, rr_hostname,
3580                             print_generic);
3581                         n += do_print_resource_record(pw,
3582                             _PATH_HOST_DSA_KEY_FILE, rr_hostname,
3583                             print_generic);
3584                         n += do_print_resource_record(pw,
3585                             _PATH_HOST_ECDSA_KEY_FILE, rr_hostname,
3586                             print_generic);
3587                         n += do_print_resource_record(pw,
3588                             _PATH_HOST_ED25519_KEY_FILE, rr_hostname,
3589                             print_generic);
3590                         n += do_print_resource_record(pw,
3591                             _PATH_HOST_XMSS_KEY_FILE, rr_hostname,
3592                             print_generic);
3593                         if (n == 0)
3594                                 fatal("no keys found.");
3595                         exit(0);
3596                 }
3597         }
3598
3599         if (do_gen_candidates || do_screen_candidates) {
3600                 if (argc <= 0)
3601                         fatal("No output file specified");
3602                 else if (argc > 1)
3603                         fatal("Too many output files specified");
3604         }
3605         if (do_gen_candidates) {
3606                 do_moduli_gen(argv[0], opts, nopts);
3607                 return 0;
3608         }
3609         if (do_screen_candidates) {
3610                 do_moduli_screen(argv[0], opts, nopts);
3611                 return 0;
3612         }
3613
3614         if (gen_all_hostkeys) {
3615                 do_gen_all_hostkeys(pw);
3616                 return (0);
3617         }
3618
3619         if (key_type_name == NULL)
3620                 key_type_name = DEFAULT_KEY_TYPE_NAME;
3621
3622         type = sshkey_type_from_name(key_type_name);
3623         type_bits_valid(type, key_type_name, &bits);
3624
3625         if (!quiet)
3626                 printf("Generating public/private %s key pair.\n",
3627                     key_type_name);
3628         switch (type) {
3629         case KEY_ECDSA_SK:
3630         case KEY_ED25519_SK:
3631                 for (i = 0; i < nopts; i++) {
3632                         if (strcasecmp(opts[i], "no-touch-required") == 0) {
3633                                 sk_flags &= ~SSH_SK_USER_PRESENCE_REQD;
3634                         } else if (strcasecmp(opts[i], "verify-required") == 0) {
3635                                 sk_flags |= SSH_SK_USER_VERIFICATION_REQD;
3636                         } else if (strcasecmp(opts[i], "resident") == 0) {
3637                                 sk_flags |= SSH_SK_RESIDENT_KEY;
3638                         } else if (strncasecmp(opts[i], "device=", 7) == 0) {
3639                                 sk_device = xstrdup(opts[i] + 7);
3640                         } else if (strncasecmp(opts[i], "user=", 5) == 0) {
3641                                 sk_user = xstrdup(opts[i] + 5);
3642                         } else if (strncasecmp(opts[i], "challenge=", 10) == 0) {
3643                                 if ((r = sshbuf_load_file(opts[i] + 10,
3644                                     &challenge)) != 0) {
3645                                         fatal_r(r, "Unable to load FIDO "
3646                                             "enrollment challenge \"%s\"",
3647                                             opts[i] + 10);
3648                                 }
3649                         } else if (strncasecmp(opts[i],
3650                             "write-attestation=", 18) == 0) {
3651                                 sk_attestation_path = opts[i] + 18;
3652                         } else if (strncasecmp(opts[i],
3653                             "application=", 12) == 0) {
3654                                 sk_application = xstrdup(opts[i] + 12);
3655                                 if (strncmp(sk_application, "ssh:", 4) != 0) {
3656                                         fatal("FIDO application string must "
3657                                             "begin with \"ssh:\"");
3658                                 }
3659                         } else {
3660                                 fatal("Option \"%s\" is unsupported for "
3661                                     "FIDO authenticator enrollment", opts[i]);
3662                         }
3663                 }
3664                 if (!quiet) {
3665                         printf("You may need to touch your authenticator "
3666                             "to authorize key generation.\n");
3667                 }
3668                 if ((attest = sshbuf_new()) == NULL)
3669                         fatal("sshbuf_new failed");
3670                 if ((sk_flags &
3671                     (SSH_SK_USER_VERIFICATION_REQD|SSH_SK_RESIDENT_KEY))) {
3672                         passphrase = read_passphrase("Enter PIN for "
3673                             "authenticator: ", RP_ALLOW_STDIN);
3674                 } else {
3675                         passphrase = NULL;
3676                 }
3677                 for (i = 0 ; ; i++) {
3678                         fflush(stdout);
3679                         r = sshsk_enroll(type, sk_provider, sk_device,
3680                             sk_application == NULL ? "ssh:" : sk_application,
3681                             sk_user, sk_flags, passphrase, challenge,
3682                             &private, attest);
3683                         if (r == 0)
3684                                 break;
3685                         if (r != SSH_ERR_KEY_WRONG_PASSPHRASE)
3686                                 fatal_r(r, "Key enrollment failed");
3687                         else if (passphrase != NULL) {
3688                                 error("PIN incorrect");
3689                                 freezero(passphrase, strlen(passphrase));
3690                                 passphrase = NULL;
3691                         }
3692                         if (i >= 3)
3693                                 fatal("Too many incorrect PINs");
3694                         passphrase = read_passphrase("Enter PIN for "
3695                             "authenticator: ", RP_ALLOW_STDIN);
3696                         if (!quiet) {
3697                                 printf("You may need to touch your "
3698                                     "authenticator (again) to authorize "
3699                                     "key generation.\n");
3700                         }
3701                 }
3702                 if (passphrase != NULL) {
3703                         freezero(passphrase, strlen(passphrase));
3704                         passphrase = NULL;
3705                 }
3706                 break;
3707         default:
3708                 if ((r = sshkey_generate(type, bits, &private)) != 0)
3709                         fatal("sshkey_generate failed");
3710                 break;
3711         }
3712         if ((r = sshkey_from_private(private, &public)) != 0)
3713                 fatal_r(r, "sshkey_from_private");
3714
3715         if (!have_identity)
3716                 ask_filename(pw, "Enter file in which to save the key");
3717
3718         /* Create ~/.ssh directory if it doesn't already exist. */
3719         hostfile_create_user_ssh_dir(identity_file, !quiet);
3720
3721         /* If the file already exists, ask the user to confirm. */
3722         if (!confirm_overwrite(identity_file))
3723                 exit(1);
3724
3725         /* Determine the passphrase for the private key */
3726         passphrase = private_key_passphrase();
3727         if (identity_comment) {
3728                 strlcpy(comment, identity_comment, sizeof(comment));
3729         } else {
3730                 /* Create default comment field for the passphrase. */
3731                 snprintf(comment, sizeof comment, "%s@%s", pw->pw_name, hostname);
3732         }
3733
3734         /* Save the key with the given passphrase and comment. */
3735         if ((r = sshkey_save_private(private, identity_file, passphrase,
3736             comment, private_key_format, openssh_format_cipher, rounds)) != 0) {
3737                 error_r(r, "Saving key \"%s\" failed", identity_file);
3738                 freezero(passphrase, strlen(passphrase));
3739                 exit(1);
3740         }
3741         freezero(passphrase, strlen(passphrase));
3742         sshkey_free(private);
3743
3744         if (!quiet) {
3745                 printf("Your identification has been saved in %s\n",
3746                     identity_file);
3747         }
3748
3749         strlcat(identity_file, ".pub", sizeof(identity_file));
3750         if ((r = sshkey_save_public(public, identity_file, comment)) != 0)
3751                 fatal_r(r, "Unable to save public key to %s", identity_file);
3752
3753         if (!quiet) {
3754                 fp = sshkey_fingerprint(public, fingerprint_hash,
3755                     SSH_FP_DEFAULT);
3756                 ra = sshkey_fingerprint(public, fingerprint_hash,
3757                     SSH_FP_RANDOMART);
3758                 if (fp == NULL || ra == NULL)
3759                         fatal("sshkey_fingerprint failed");
3760                 printf("Your public key has been saved in %s\n",
3761                     identity_file);
3762                 printf("The key fingerprint is:\n");
3763                 printf("%s %s\n", fp, comment);
3764                 printf("The key's randomart image is:\n");
3765                 printf("%s\n", ra);
3766                 free(ra);
3767                 free(fp);
3768         }
3769
3770         if (sk_attestation_path != NULL)
3771                 save_attestation(attest, sk_attestation_path);
3772
3773         sshbuf_free(attest);
3774         sshkey_free(public);
3775
3776         exit(0);
3777 }