1 # $NetBSD: Packages.txt,v 1.95 2000/07/06 16:52:12 hubertf Exp $
2 ###########################################################################
4 ==========================
7 ==========================
9 Hubert Feyrer, Alistair Crooks
15 grep -B1 '^.====' Packages.txt | egrep -v '^.[-=]'
21 There is a lot of software freely available for Unix based systems, which
22 usually runs on NetBSD, too, sometimes with some modifications. The NetBSD
23 packages collection incorporates any such changes necessary to make that
24 software run on NetBSD, and makes the installation (and reinstallation) of
25 the software package easy by means of a single command.
27 The NetBSD package system is used to enable such freely available
28 third-party software to be built easily on NetBSD hosts. Once the software
29 has been built, it is manipulated with the pkg_* tools so that installation
30 and de-installation, printing of an inventory of all installed packages and
31 retrieval of one-line comments or more verbose descriptions are all simple.
33 Both the NetBSD packages collection and the NetBSD package system are
40 This document is divided into two parts. The first, "User's Guide",
41 describes how one can use one of the packages in the Package
42 Collection, either by installing a precompiled binary package, or by
43 building your own copy using the NetBSD package system. The second
44 part, "Package Constructor's Guide", explains how to prepare a package so
45 it can be easily built by other NetBSD users without knowing about the
46 package's building details.
52 There has been a lot of talk about "ports", "packages", etc. so far. Here
53 is a description of all the terminology used within this document:
56 A set of files and building instructions that describe what's necessary
57 to build a certain piece of software using the NetBSD package
58 system. Packages are traditionally stored under /usr/pkgsrc.
60 * The NetBSD package system:
61 This is the part of the NetBSD operating system handling building
62 (compiling), installing, and removing of packages.
65 This term describes the file or files that are provided by the author
66 of the piece of freely available software to distribute his work. All
67 the changes necessary to build on NetBSD are reflected in the
68 corresponding package. Usually the distfile is in the form of a
69 compressed tar-archive, but other types are possible, too. Distfiles
70 are stored below /usr/pkgsrc/distfiles.
73 This is the term used by FreeBSD people for what we call a package.
74 In NetBSD terminology, "port" refers to a different architecture.
76 * Precompiled (binary) package:
77 A set of binaries built by the NetBSD package system from a distfile
78 using the NetBSD package system and stuffed together in a single .tgz
79 file so it can be installed on machines of the same machine architecture
80 without the need to recompile. Packages are generated in
81 /usr/pkgsrc/packages by the NetBSD package system; there is also an
82 archive on ftp.netbsd.org.
84 Sometimes, this is referred to by the term "package" too,
85 especially in the context of precompiled packages.
88 The piece of software to be installed which will be constructed from
89 all the files in the Distfile by the actions defined in the
90 corresponding package.
93 Some files in a package contain RCS IDs to reflect which version of
94 that file this is (inserted automatically by cvs). These IDs are used
95 in several examples within this document, but as this document itself
96 is managed by CVS, it can't list the RCS IDs in plaintext. Instead, the
97 $s are written as <$>, resulting in <$>NetBSD<$> and <$>Id<$>.
104 1 Installing a precompiled binary package
105 =========================================
107 This section describes how to find, retrieve and install a precompiled
108 binary package that someone else already prepared for your type of machine.
114 Precompiled packages are stored on ftp.netbsd.org and its mirrors in the
115 directory /pub/NetBSD/packages for anon FTP access. Please pick the right
116 subdirectory there as indicated by "sysctl hw.machine_arch". In that
117 directory, there is a subdirectory for each category plus a subdirectory
118 "All" which includes the actual binaries in .tgz-files. The category
119 subdirectories use symbolic links to those files. (This is the same
120 directory layout as in /usr/pkgsrc/packages).
122 This same directory layout applies for CDROM distributions, only that the
123 directory may be rooted somewhere else, probably somewhere below /cdrom.
124 Please consult your CDROM's documentation for the exact location!
130 If you have the files on a CDROM or downloaded them to your hard disk, you
131 can install them with the following command (be sure to su to root first):
133 pkg_add /path/to/package.tgz
135 If you have FTP access and you don't want to download the packages via FTP
136 prior to installation, you can do this automatically by giving pkg_add an
139 pkg_add ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/packages/<OS Ver>/<arch>/All/package.tgz
141 If there is any doubt, the sysctl utility can be used to determine the
142 <OS Ver>, and <arch> by running "sysctl kern.osrelease hw.machine_arch".
144 Also note that any prerequisite packages needed to run the package in
145 question will be installed, too, assuming they are present where you install
148 After you've installed packages, be sure to have /usr/pkg in your $PATH so
149 you can actually start the just installed program.
152 1.3 A word of warning
153 =====================
155 Please pay very careful attention to the warnings expressed in that manual
156 page about the inherent dangers of installing binary packages which you did
157 not create yourself, and the security holes that can be introduced onto
158 your system by indiscriminate adding of such files.
161 2 Installing by Building
162 ========================
164 This assumes that the package is already part of the NetBSD package system.
165 If it is not, then you are advised to read part II of this document,
166 "Package Constructor's Guide".
169 2.1 Where to get pkgsrc
170 =======================
172 To get the package source going, you need to get the pkgsrc.tar.gz file
173 from ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD-current/tar_files/pkgsrc.tar.gz and
174 unpack it into /usr/pkgsrc.
176 As an alternative, you can get pkgsrc via the Software Update Protocol,
177 SUP. To do so, make sure your supfile has a line saying "release=pkgsrc" in
178 it, see the examples in /usr/share/examples/supfiles, and that the
179 directory /usr/pkgsrc does exist. Then, simply start "sup -v
180 /path/to/your/supfile".
183 2.2 Fetching distfiles
184 ======================
186 There is one gotcha: The distribution file (i.e. the unmodified source)
187 must exist on your system for the packages system to be able to build it.
188 If it does not, then ftp(1) is used to fetch the distribution files
191 You can overwrite some of the major distribution sites to fit to sites
192 that are close to your own. Have a look at /usr/pkgsrc/mk/mk.conf.example
193 to find some examples. This may save some of your bandwidth and time.
195 When you have selected your settings, install your configuration into
198 If you don't have a permanent Internet connection and you want to know
199 which files to download, "make fetch-list" will tell you what you'll need.
200 Put these distfiles into /usr/pkgsrc/distfiles.
203 2.3 How to build and install
204 ============================
206 Assuming that has been done, become root and change into the relevant
207 directory. Then you can type
211 at the shell prompt to build the various components of the package, and
215 at the shell prompt to install the various components into the correct
216 places on your system.
218 Taking the top system utility as an example, we can install it on our
219 system by building as shown in appendix A.1.
221 The program is installed under the default root of the packages tree -
222 /usr/pkg. Should this not conform to your tastes, simply set the LOCALBASE
223 variable in your environment, and it will use that value as the root of
224 your packages tree. So, to use /usr/local, set
228 in your environment. There is, of course, one exception to this - X11
229 packages are traditionally installed in the X11 tree. The definition
230 used to identify the root of the X11 tree is the X11BASE definition.
232 It is possible to install X11 packages in the LOCALBASE tree, for
233 which you must install the xpkgwedge package
234 (pkgsrc/pkgtools/xpkgwedge) - see section 7.1 for further details.
236 Some packages look in /etc/mk.conf to alter some configuration options
237 at build time. Have a look at /usr/pkgsrc/mk/mk.conf.example to get
238 an overview of what you can set there. Environment variables such as
239 LOCALBASE, and X11BASE can also be set in /etc/mk.conf to save having
240 to remember to set them each time you want to use pkgsrc.
242 If you want to deinstall and re-install a binary package that you've
243 created (see next section) or that you put into pkgsrc/packages
244 manually, you can use the the "bin-install" target, which will
245 install a binary package - if available - via pkg_add, and do a "make
249 3 Making a precompiled package
250 ==============================
252 Once you have built and installed the package as mentioned above, you can
253 build it into a "binary package" - you might want to do this so that you
254 can use the binaries you have just built on another NetBSD system, or to
255 provide a simple means for others to use your binary package instead of
256 wasting CPU time - this is done by changing to the appropriate directory in
257 the pkgsrc tree, and typing the command
261 at the shell prompt. This will build and install your package (if not
262 already done), and then construct a binary package out of the results so
263 that you can use the pkg_* tools to manipulate this. The binary package is
264 stored under /usr/pkgsrc/packages, it's in the form of a gzipped file at
265 the present time. See appendix A.2 for a continuation of the above top
268 Please see the "submitting" section later in this document on how to submit
269 such a binary package.
272 ====================================
273 Part II: Package Constructor's Guide
274 ====================================
276 4 Package components - files, directories and contents
277 ======================================================
279 Whenever you're preparing a package from the FreeBSD ports collection or
280 doing it from scratch, there are a number of files involved which are
281 described in the following sections. Special directions are given for what
282 differs from FreeBSD ports for each file.
288 Building, installation and creation of a binary package are all controlled
289 by the package's Makefile.
291 There is a Makefile for each package. This file includes the standard
292 bsd.pkg.mk file (referenced as "../../mk/bsd.pkg.mk"), which sets all the
293 definitions and actions necessary for the package to compile and install
294 itself. The mandatory fields are the DISTNAME which specifies the base name
295 of the distribution file to be downloaded from the site on the Internet,
296 MASTER_SITES which specifies that site, CATEGORIES which denotes the
297 categories into which the package falls, PKGNAME which is the name of the
298 package and the MAINTAINER name. This is so that anyone who quibbles with
299 the (always completely correct) decisions taken by the guy who maintains
300 the port can complain vigorously.
302 The MASTER_SITES may be set to one of the predefined sites:
304 ${MASTER_SITE_XCONTRIB}
306 ${MASTER_SITE_PERL_CPAN}
307 ${MASTER_SITE_TEX_CTAN}
308 ${MASTER_SITE_SUNSITE}
310 If one of these predefined sites is chosen, you may require the ability to
311 specify a subdirectory of that site. Since these macros may expand to
312 more than one actual site, you MUST use the following construct to specify
315 ${MASTER_SITE_GNU:=subdirectory/name/}
317 (Note the trailing slash after the subdirectory name.) Use of the deprecated
318 MASTER_SITE_SUBDIR will not work.
320 Currently the following values are available for CATEGORIES. If more than
321 one is used, they need to be separated by spaces:
323 archivers databases ham net security
324 audio devel japanese news shells
325 benchmarks distfiles lang packages sysutils
326 biology editors mail parallel templates
327 cad emulators math pkglocate textproc
328 comms fonts mbone pkgtools www
329 converters games meta-pkgs plan9 x11
330 cross graphics misc print
332 See the NetBSD packages(7) manual page for a description of all available
333 options and variables.
335 Please pay attention to the following gotchas, especially when preparing a
336 package from the FreeBSD ports collection:
338 - Remove all MANx and CATx definitions from the package Makefile -
339 NetBSD has implemented automatic manual page handling, and these
340 definitions are now obsolete.
341 - Add MANCOMPRESSED (if not already there) if manpages are installed in
342 compressed form by the package; see comment in bsd.pkg.mk
343 - Replace /usr/local by ${PREFIX} in all files (see patches below)
344 - Delete any ldconfig commands - this will be done automatically for you
345 if the NetBSD platform supports ldconfig, and other measures will be
346 taken on platforms which do not support ldconfig (e.g. NetBSD/Alpha)
347 - If modifying a package from the FreeBSD ports collection, preserve
348 their RCS ID: remove the '$'s around the FreeBSD RCS Id, and insert the
349 word FreeBSD, then add a <$>NetBSD<$> (Without the <>s, please remember
350 the Terminology section), i.e.:
353 # <$>Id: Makefile,v 1.17 1997/06/16 06:39:51 max Exp <$>
357 # FreeBSD Id: Makefile,v 1.17 1997/06/16 06:39:51 max Exp
358 - If the package installs any info files, the main info directory file
359 needs to be updated to reflect this fact. NetBSD now has an INFO_FILES
360 definition, which is used to do this. For example, to install the
361 indent.info entry into the info directory file, simply use the
363 INFO_FILES= indent.info
365 definition in the package Makefile. If the package does this insertion
366 for you, you should specify USE_GTEXINFO in the package Makefile, to
367 ensure that the pre-requisite GNU texinfo package is installed on your
369 - Adjust MAINTAINER to be either yourself, if you plan to maintain the
370 package for future updates, or set it to the default MAINTAINER
371 packages@netbsd.org, as it is unlikely that the FreeBSD people will
372 care about NetBSD packages.
373 - If there exists a home page for the software in question, please
374 add the variable HOMEPAGE right after MAINTAINER. The value of this
375 variable should be the URL for the home page.
381 Most important, the mandatory md5 checksum of all the distfiles needed for
382 the package to compile, confirming they match the original file any patches
383 were generated against. This ensures that the distfile retrieved from the
384 Internet has not been corrupted during transfer or altered by a malign force
385 to introduce a security hole. It can be generated by hand using the md5(1)
386 command or by invoking "make makesum".
389 The checksum file for all the official patches for the package, found in the
390 patches/ directory (see section 4.3). This checksum file includes an MD5
391 checksum of all lines in the patch file except the NetBSD RCS Id. This file
392 is generated by invoking "make makepatchsum".
394 Besides that, if you have any files that you wish to be placed in the
395 package prior to configuration or building, you could place these files
396 here and use a ${CP} command in the pre-configure target to achieve this.
397 Alternatively, you could simply diff the file against /dev/null and use the
398 patch mechanism to manage the creation of this file.
404 This directory contains files that are used by the patch(1) command to
405 modify the sources as distributed in the distribution file into a form that
406 will compile and run perfectly on NetBSD. The files are applied
407 successively in alphabetic order (as returned by a shell "patches/patch-*"
408 glob expansion), so patch-aa is applied before patch-ab etc.
410 The patch-?? files should be in diff -bu format, and apply without
411 a fuzz to avoid problems. (The latter condition is ensured by
412 setting PKG_DEVELOPER in /etc/mk.conf - the build will fail if a
413 patch applies with fuzz only). Furthermore, do not put changes
414 for more than one file into a single patch-file, as this will make
415 future modifications more difficult.
417 One important thing to mention is to pay attention that no RCS IDs get
418 stored in the patch files, as these will cause problems when later checked
419 into the NetBSD CVS tree. To avoid this, use the "-U 2" or -U 1" option to
422 If you don't want to worry about the problems in the last two paragraphs
423 yourself, use pkgdiff from the pkgtools/pkgdiff package, which takes care
424 of any RCS Ids by itself.
426 For even more automation, we recommend using mkpatches from the same
427 package to make a whole set of patches. You just have to backup files
428 before you edit them to "filename.orig", e.g. with "cp -p filename
429 filename.orig". If you upgrade a package this way, you can easily compare
430 the new set of patches with the previously existing one with patchdiff.
432 When preparing a FreeBSD port for the NetBSD packages system, it's likely
433 that the FreeBSD port will work on NetBSD. However, check that the person
434 who ported the software to FreeBSD has not played fast and loose with the
435 __FreeBSD__ cpp definition without good cause - a simple way to do this is
438 grep -i freebsd patches/patch-??
440 in the package directory.
442 Besides taking care of any FreeBSDisms, be sure to provide patches to
443 replace any occurrence of /usr/local in any "Makefile"s in the original
444 package with ${PREFIX}.
446 When you have finished a package, remember to generate the checksums
447 for the patch files by using the "make makepatchsum" command, see
454 This directory contains several files used to manage the creation of binary
455 packages. Files from this directory are used in the binary package itself,
456 and will thus be installed on other machines, so you should be aware that
457 there is a wider audience than you might think for your comments and
460 4.4.1 Mandatory files
461 =====================
464 A one-line description of the piece of software. There is no need to
465 mention the package's name - this will automatically be added by the
466 pkg_* tools when they are invoked.
469 A multi-line description of the piece of software. This should include
470 any credits where they are due. Please bear in mind that others do not
471 share your sense of humour (or spelling idiosyncrasies), and that others
472 will read everything that you write here.
475 This file governs the files that are installed on your system: all the
476 binaries, manual pages, etc. There are other directives which may be
477 entered in this file, to control the creation and deletion of
478 directories, and the location of inserted files.
480 If you're updating a FreeBSD package to work for NetBSD, please pay special
481 attention to the following things in pkg/PLIST:
483 - If there are any "@exec ldconfig ..." statements, or any "@unexec
484 ldconfig ...", delete them. NetBSD works out automatically whether to
485 call ldconfig, since some NetBSD architectures do not have ldconfig.
486 - Add any missing @dirrm statements
487 - Remove any MANx= definitions in the package Makefile
489 You could also investigate the port2pkg package (pkgsrc/pkgtools/port2pkg),
490 which does a lot of the donkey work for you.
497 Shell script invoked twice during pkg_add. First time after package
498 extraction and before files are moved in place, the second time after
499 the files to install are moved in place. This can be used to do any
500 custom procedures not possible with @exec commands in PLIST. See
501 pkg_add(1) and pkg_create(1) for more information.
504 This script is executed before and after any files are removed. It is
505 this script's responsibility to clean up any additional messy details
506 around the package's installation, since all pkg_delete knows is how to
507 delete the files created in the original distribution. See pkg_delete(1)
508 and pkg_create(1) for more information.
511 Require-script that is invoked before installation and de-installation
512 to ensure things like certain accounts being available, user/sysadmin
513 agreeing with usage policy, etc.
516 Display this file after installation of the package.
517 Useful for things like legal notices on almost-free software,
524 This directory contains any files that are necessary for configuration of
525 your software, etc. If a script with any of the following names is present,
526 it will be executed at the appropriate time during the build process:
529 pre-extract post-extract
531 pre-configure post-configure configure
533 pre-install post-install
534 pre-package post-package
536 Note that you should NOT define a pre-* or post-* target in the Makefile
537 which executes the matching scripts/[pre|post]-* script. bsd.pkg.mk runs
538 any existing Makefile target first, then searches for scripts/* and runs
539 it using sh(1). Running the script from the Makefile would cause it to
542 See section 7 for a description of the build process.
548 When you type "make" the distribution files are unpacked into this
549 directory. It can be removed by typing
553 at the shell prompt. Also, this directory is used to keep various
557 4.7 importing the package into CVS
558 ==================================
560 Newly created packages should be imported with a vendor tag of "TNF" and
561 a release tag of "pkgsrc-base", e.g::
563 cvs import pkgsrc/<category>/frobnitz TNF pkgsrc-base
565 Packages derived from a FreeBSD port should be imported with a vendor tag
566 of "FREEBSD" and a release tag of "FreeBSD-current-YYYY-MM-DD" (YYYY-MM-DD
567 being the date when the snapshot of the port were taken form the FreeBSD
568 tree), and then doing the necessary modifications by normal CVS operations.
571 cvs import pkgsrc/<category>/mumbler FREEBSD FreeBSD-current-1998-04-01
572 cvs rm patches/patch-a
573 cvs add patches/patch-aa
576 Please note all package updates/additions in doc/pkg-CHANGES! It's very
577 important to keep this file up to date and conforming to the existing
578 format, because it will be used by scripts to automatically update pages on
585 This section addresses some special issues that one needs to pay attention
586 to when dealing with the PLIST file (or files, see below!).
593 Be sure to add a RCS ID line as the first thing in any PLIST file you
596 @comment <$>NetBSD<$>
599 Don't put any ranlib commands into your PLIST files, as they will cause
600 troubles when the package is removed. Just make sure the build-process
601 does run ranlib - it usually does - and you can leave this out. This is
602 usually only a problem when using ports from FreeBSD.
605 Don't put any ldconfig commands into your PLIST files, as they will
606 cause problems. All shared object caching is done automatically in
607 NetBSD (this takes place when you see the "Automatic shared object
608 handling" message), and so you can leave this out. If any shared
609 objects are found in the package, they will be dealt with
610 automatically, running ldconfig on platforms which need it, and not
611 otherwise. This is usually only a problem when using ports from
614 * ${MACHINE_ARCH}, ${MACHINE_GNU_ARCH}:
615 Some packages like emacs and perl embed information about which
616 architecture they were built on into the pathnames where they install
617 their file. To handle this case, PLIST will be preprocessed before
618 actually used, and the symbol "${MACHINE_ARCH}" will be replaced by
619 what "sysctl -n hw.machine_arch" gives. The same is done if the string
620 ${MACHINE_GNU_ARCH} is embedded in PLIST somewhere - use this on
621 packages that use GNU autoconfigure.
623 Legacy note: There used to be a symbol "<$ARCH>" that was replaced by
624 the output of "uname -m", but that's no longer supported and has been
627 * ${OPSYS}, ${OS_VERSION}:
628 Some packages want to embed the OS name and version into some paths.
629 to do this, use these two variables in PLIST. ${OPSYS} will be replaced
630 by output from "uname -s", ${OS_VERSION} will be set to what "uname -r"
633 * Manpage-compression:
634 Manpages should be installed in compressed form if MANZ is set (in
635 bsd.own.mk), and uncompressed otherwise. To handle this in the PLIST
636 file, the suffix ".gz" is appended/removed automatically for manpages
637 according to MANZ and MANCOMPRESSED being set or not, see above for
638 details. This modification of the PLIST file is done on a copy of it,
639 not pkg/PLIST itself.
641 * Semi-automatic PLIST generation:
642 You can use the "make print-PLIST" command to output a PLIST that matches
643 any new files since the package was extracted. If the package installs
644 files via tar(1) or other methods that don't update file access times, be
645 sure to add these files manually to your pkg/PLIST!
648 5.2 MD/MI vs. general PLIST
649 ===========================
651 Sometimes the packaging list in pkg/PLIST differs between platforms, e.g.
652 if one of them supports shared libs and the other does not. To address
653 this, a hook has been introduced into the NetBSD packages system to provide
654 a PLIST file defined on conditions set freely in the package's Makefile.
660 To use one or more files as source for the PLIST used in generating the
661 binary package, set the variable PLIST_SRC to the names of that file(s).
662 The files are later concatenated using cat(1), and order of things is an
663 important issue, see below.
666 5.2.2 PLIST-mi, PLIST-md.shared, PLIST-md.static
667 ================================================
669 If PLIST_SRC is not set (the usual case), and if there is no pkg/PLIST, the
670 packages system looks for pkg/PLIST-mi, and pkg/PLIST-md.shared or
671 pkg/PLIST-md.static to handle differences due to the platform being able to
672 handle shared libs or not. PLIST-mi contains machine independent files,
673 PLIST-md.* contain machine dependent files, which may differ between
674 architectures that don't support dynamic libs/shared loading. Currently,
675 this is only used in the perl-packages, and as perl5 on alpha doesn't
676 support dynamic loading of extensions like perl/Tk yet, PLIST.mi-static is
677 also used on the alpha (besides pmax and powerpc). Alpha will hopefully be
678 removed soon when perl's fixed for dynamic loading.
680 (This handling of MI/MD PLIST files is implemented by setting PLIST_SRC to
681 either "PLIST-mi PLIST-md.static" or "PLIST-mi PLIST-md.shared", see
682 /usr/pkgsrc/mk/bsd.pkg.mk).
685 5.2.3 Order in the PLIST* file(s)
686 =================================
688 There is one gotcha regarding the ordering of @dirrm statements: any MI
689 @dirrm directives that follow any MD @dirrm's *must* go into the PLIST.md-*
690 files, as the files PLIST-mi and PLIST.md-{shared/static} are concatenated
691 in exactly this order. If the MI directory would be listed in PLIST-mi, it
692 would be removed before the MD directory, which wouldn't work.
694 E.g. if you have the following dirs:
698 then PLIST-mi contains:
701 and PLIST-md.* contain:
705 This will lead to some @dirrm statements being duplicated, but it's the
706 only way to ensure everything is properly removed. The same care must be
707 taken when PLIST_SRC is set to some package-specific settings.
710 6 Notes on fixes for packages
711 =============================
716 To port an application to NetBSD, it's usually necessary for the compiler
717 to be able to judge the system on which it's compiling, and we use
718 definitions so that the C pre-processor can do this.
720 The really impatient should just note that a number of the FreeBSD ports
721 (which are called packages in the NetBSD world) rely on the CPP definition
722 __FreeBSD__. This should be used sparingly, for FreeBSD-specific features,
723 but unfortunately this is not always the case. A number also rely on the
724 fact that the CPU type is an Intel-based little-endian CPU.
726 To test whether you are working on a 4.4 BSD-derived system, you should use
727 the BSD definition, which is defined in <sys/param.h> on said systems.
729 #include <sys/param.h>
731 and then you can surround the BSD-specific parts of your port using the
734 #if (defined(BSD) && BSD >= 199306)
738 Please use the __NetBSD__ definition sparingly - it should only apply to
739 features of NetBSD that are not present in other 4.4-lite derived BSDs.
741 You should also avoid defining __FreeBSD__=1 and then simply using the
742 FreeBSD port, if only from an aesthetic viewpoint.
745 6.2 Shared libraries - libtool
746 ==============================
748 NetBSD supports many different machines, with different object formats
749 like a.out and ELF, and varying abilities to do shared library and
750 dynamic loading at all. To accompany this, varying commands and options
751 have to be passed to the compiler, linker etc. to get the Right Thing,
752 which can be pretty annoying especially if you don't have all the
753 machines at your hand to test things. The "libtool" pkg can help
754 here, as it just "knows" how to build both static and dynamic
755 libraries from a set our source files, thus being platform
758 Here's how to use libtool in a pkg in six simple steps:
760 1. Add USE_LIBTOOL= yes to the package Makefile.
762 2. For library objects, use "${LIBTOOL} --mode=compile ${CC}" in place of
763 ${CC}. You could even add it to the definition of CC, if only
764 libraries are being built in a given Makefile. This one command will
765 build both PIC and non-PIC library objects, so you need not have
766 separate shared and non-shared library rules.
768 3. For the linking of the library, remove any "ar", "ranlib", and "ld
769 -Bshareable" commands, and use instead:
771 ${LIBTOOL} --mode=link cc -o ${.TARGET:.a=.la} ${OBJS:.o=.lo} -rpath ${PREFIX}/lib -version-info major:minor
773 Note that the library is changed to have a .la extension, and the
774 objects are changed to have a .lo extension. Change OBJS as necessary.
775 This automatically creates all of the .a, .so.major.minor, and ELF
776 symlinks (if necessary) in the build directory.
778 4. When linking programs that depend on these libraries _before_ they are
779 installed, preface the cc or ld line with "${LIBTOOL} --mode=link", and
780 it will find the correct libraries (static or shared), but please be
781 aware that libtool will not allow you to specify a relative path in -L
782 (such as -L../somelib), because it is trying to force you to change
783 that argument to be the .la file. For example:
785 ${LIBTOOL} --mode=link ${CC} -o someprog -L../somelib -lsomelib
787 won't work; it needs to be changed to:
789 ${LIBTOOL} --mode=link ${CC} -o someprog ../somelib/somelib.la
791 and it will DTRT with the libraries. If you *must* use a relative path
792 with -L, and you are not going to run this program before installing
793 it, you can omit the use of libtool during link and install of this
794 program if you add the subdirectory ".libs" in your -L command:
796 ${CC} -o someprog -L../somelib/.libs -lsomelib
798 5. When installing libraries, preface the install or cp command with
799 "${LIBTOOL} --mode=install", and change the library name to .la. For
802 ${LIBTOOL} --mode=install ${BSD_INSTALL_DATA} ${SOMELIB:.a=.la} ${PREFIX}/lib
804 This will install the static .a, shared library, any needed symlinks,
807 6. In your PLIST, include the .a, .la, and .so.major.minor files. Don't
808 include the ELF symlink files (.so.major, .so); those are added
811 Do not use pkglibtool! Previously, the package system used its
812 own version of libtool from pkgtools. However, over time, this
813 version became outdated and is now deprecated. You may see some
814 definitions of USE_PKGLIBTOOL in existing packages that still use
815 this outdated version of libtool. Please do not use this definition
818 6.3 Using libtool on GNU packages that already support libtool
819 ==============================================================
821 Add USE_LIBTOOL=yes and LTCONFIG_OVERRIDE=${WRKSRC}/ltconfig to the
822 package Makefile as the quick way to bypass the pkg's own libtool.
823 The pkg's own libtool is made by ltconfig script at do-configure target.
824 If USE_LIBTOOL and LTCONFIG_OVERRIDE are defined, the specified ltconfig is
825 overridden, using the devel/libtool instead of the pkg's own libtool.
826 If the pkg already has an original "libtool" which we can replace with
827 devel/libtool you may have to specify LIBTOOL_OVERRIDE to the package
830 6.4 Gotchas of FreeBSD ports
831 ============================
833 See section 4.1 for Makefile issues (MANx, CATx, MANCOMPRESSED, ldconfig,
834 RCS IDs) and section 4.3 for gotchas on using patches from FreeBSD ports.
836 One of the biggest problems with FreeBSD ports is that too many of
837 them assume they will install into /usr/local, instead of honouring
838 any ${PREFIX} setting properly. To change this, add something like the
839 following into your package Makefile:
842 for f in `find ${WRKDIR} -type f -print|xargs grep -l '/usr/local'`; do
844 ${SED} -e 's:/usr/local:'${PREFIX}':g' < $$f > $$f.pdone && ${MV} $
848 This is taken from the sysutils/rtty package; be sure this works for your
849 package - it may actually make sense to look for some things in /usr/local,
850 for example. So don't blindly replace all occurrences of /usr/local!
852 FreeBSD has decided to list manual pages in the package Makefile, with
853 no corresponding entry in the PLIST. You will thus need to add any
854 MAN[1-8ln] files to the PLIST, before deleting the MAN[1-8ln]
855 definition. Similarly with MLINKS and CAT[1-8ln] entries.
857 Side note on manpages in PLIST: we don't take any notice of any .gz
858 suffix there, as many FreeBSD ports seem to have .gz pages in PLIST
859 even when they install manpages without compressing them; rather, we
860 add our own .gz suffix there according to MANZ. In short, it does not
861 matter whether the manual page name in the PLIST has a .gz suffix or
862 not - if it needs one which is not already there, it will be appended
863 automatically, and if there is a .gz suffix which is not needed, it
864 will be deleted automatically.
866 Some packages use bsd-style .mk files when building, and so any manual
867 pages that are installed will be gzip-compressed, if MANZ is set, or
868 not if MANZ is not set. If the package uses bsd-style .mk files, the
869 variable MANCOMPRESSED_IF_MANZ should be set to a value of "yes" in
870 the package Makefile.
873 6.5 Feedback to the author
874 ==========================
876 If you have found any bugs in the package you make available, if you had to
877 do special steps to make it run under NetBSD or if you enhanced the software
878 in various other ways, be sure to report these changes back to the original
879 author of the program! With that kind of support, the next release of the
880 program can incorporate these fixes, and people not using the NetBSD packages
881 system can win from your efforts.
883 Support the idea of free software!
889 The basic steps for building a program are always the same. First the
890 program's source (distfile) must be brought to the local system and
891 then extracted. After any patches to compile properly on NetBSD are
892 applied, the software can be configured, then built (usually by
893 compiling), and finally the generated binaries etc. can be put into
894 place on the system. These are exactly the steps performed by the
895 NetBSD package system, which is implemented as a series of targets in
896 a central Makefile, /usr/pkgsrc/mk/bsd.pkg.mk.
902 Before outlining the process performed by the NetBSD package system in the
903 next section, here's a brief discussion on where programs are installed,
904 and which variables influence this.
906 The automatic variable PREFIX indicates where all files of the final
907 program shall be installed. It is usually set to $LOCALBASE (/usr/pkg),
908 or $CROSSBASE for pkgs in the "cross" category, though its value becomes
909 that of $X11BASE if USE_IMAKE, USE_MOTIF, or USE_X11BASE is set. The value
910 ${PREFIX} needs to be put into the various places in the program's source
911 where paths to these files are encoded; see sections 4.3 and 6.2 for
914 When choosing which of these variables to use, follow the following rules:
916 * ${PREFIX} always points to the location where the current pkg will be
917 installed. When referring to a pkg's own installation path, use ${PREFIX}.
919 * ${LOCALBASE} is where all non-X11 pkgs are installed. If you need to
920 construct a -I or -L argument to the compiler to find includes and
921 libraries installed by another non-X11 pkg, use ${LOCALBASE}.
923 * ${X11BASE} is where the actual X11 distribution is installed. When looking
924 for _standard_ X11 includes (not those installed by a pkg), use ${X11BASE}.
926 * X11 based pkgs are special in that they may be installed in either
927 X11BASE or LOCALBASE. To install X11 packages in LOCALBASE, simply
928 install the xpkgwedge package (pkgsrc/pkgtools/xpkgwedge).
929 If you need to find includes or libraries installed by a pkg that has
930 USE_IMAKE, USE_MOTIF, or USE_X11BASE in its pkg Makefile, you need to use
931 _both_ ${X11BASE} and ${LOCALBASE}.
933 * ${X11BASE} points to the root of the installed X11 tree. To refer to the
934 installed location of an X11 package, use the ${X11PREFIX} definition (this
935 will be ${X11BASE} if xpkgwedge is not installed, and ${LOCALBASE} if
936 xpkgwedge is installed).
942 The main targets used during the build process defined in bsd.pkg.mk are:
945 This will check if the file(s) given in the variables DISTFILES and
946 PATCHFILES (as defined in the package's Makefile) are present on the
947 local system in /usr/pkgsrc/distfiles. If they are not present, they
948 will be fetched using ftp(1) from the site(s) given in the variable
949 PATCH_SITES. The location(s) in PATCH_SITES are in the form of URLs
950 and can be ftp://- and http://-URLs, as ftp(1) understands both of
954 After the distfile(s) are fetched, their MD5 checksum is generated and
955 compared with the checksums stored in the files/md5 file. If the
956 checksums don't match, the build is aborted. This is to ensure the same
957 distfile is used for building, and that the distfile wasn't changed,
958 e.g. by some malign force, deliberately changed distfiles on the master
959 distribution site or network lossage.
962 When the distfiles are present on the local system, they need to be
963 extracted, as they are usually in the form of some compressed archive
964 format, most commonly .tar.gz. If only some of the distfiles need to be
965 uncompressed, the files to be uncompressed should be put into
966 EXTRACT_ONLY. If the distfiles are not in .tar.gz format, they can be
967 extracted by setting EXTRACT_CMD, EXTRACT_BEFORE_ARGS and/or
971 After extraction, all the patches named by the PATCHFILES and those
972 present in the patches subdirectory of the package are applied.
973 Patchfiles ending in .Z or .gz are uncompressed before they are
974 applied, files ending in .orig or .rej are ignored. Any special
975 options to patch(1) can be handed in PATCH_DIST_ARGS. See section
976 4.3 for more details.
978 If PKG_DEVELOPER is set in /etc/mk.conf, patch is given special args
979 to make it fail if the patches with some lines of fuzz. Please fix
980 (regen) the patches so that they apply cleanly. The rationale behind
981 this is that patches that apply cleanly may end up being applied in the
982 wrong place, and cause severe harm there.
985 Most pieces of software need information on the header files,
986 system calls, and library routines which are available in NetBSD.
987 This is the process known as configuration, and is usually
988 automated. In most cases, a script is supplied with the source,
989 and its invocation results in generation of header files,
992 If the program doesn't come with its own configure script, one can be
993 placed in the package's scripts directory, called "configure". If so, it
994 is executed using sh(1).
996 If the program's distfile contains its own configure script, this can
997 be invoked by setting HAS_CONFIGURE. If the configure script is a GNU
998 autoconf script, GNU_CONFIGURE should be specified instead. In either
999 case, any arguments to the configure script can be specified in the
1000 CONFIGURE_ARGS variable, and the configure script's name can be set in
1001 CONFIGURE_SCRIPT if it differs from the default "configure".
1003 If the program uses an Imakefile for configuration, the appropriate
1004 steps can be invoked by setting USE_IMAKE to YES. (If you only want the
1005 package installed in $X11PREFIX but xmkmf not being run, set USE_X11BASE
1009 Once configuration has taken place, the software can be built on
1010 NetBSD by invoking $MAKE_PROGRAM on $MAKEFILE with $ALL_TARGET as
1011 the target to build. The default MAKE_PROGRAM is "gmake" if
1012 USE_GMAKE is set, "make" otherwise. MAKEFILE is set to "Makefile"
1013 by default, and ALL_TARGET defaults to "all". Any of these
1014 variables can be set to change the default build process.
1017 Once the build stage has completed, the final step is to install
1018 the software in public directories, for users. As in the
1019 build-target, $MAKE_PROGRAM is invoked on $MAKEFILE here, but with
1020 the $INSTALL_TARGET instead, the latter defaulting to "install"
1021 (plus "install.man", if USE_IMAKE is set).
1023 If no target is specified, the default is "build". If a subsequent stage
1024 is requested, all prior stages are made: e.g. "make build" will also
1025 perform the equivalent of:
1035 7.3 Other helpful targets
1036 =========================
1039 For any of the main targets described in the previous section, two
1040 auxiliary targets exist with "pre-" and "post-" used as a prefix
1041 for the main target's name. These targets are invoked before and
1042 after the main target is called, allowing extra configuration or
1043 installation steps, for example, which program's configure script
1044 or install target omitted. For any of these auxiliary targets,
1045 scripts of the same name can be placed in the package's
1046 scripts-subdirectory that will be executed at the given time, see
1050 Should one of the main targets do the wrong thing, and should there
1051 be no variable to fix this, you can redefine it with the do-*
1052 target. (Note that redefining the target itself instead of the
1053 do-* target is a bad idea, as the pre-* and post-* targets won't be
1054 called anymore, etc.) You will not usually need to do this.
1057 If you did a "make install" and you noticed some file was not installed
1058 properly, you can repeat the installation with this target, which will
1059 ignore the "already installed" flag.
1062 This target does a pkg_delete(1) in the current directory,
1063 effectively de-installing the package. The following variables can
1064 be used either on the command line or in /etc/mk.conf to tune the
1068 Add a "-v" to the pkg_delete(1) command.
1071 Remove all packages that require (depend on) the given package.
1072 This can be used to remove any packages that may have been pulled in
1073 by a given package, e.g. if "make deinstall DEINSTALLDEPENDS=1" is
1074 done in x11/kde, this is likely to remove whole KDE. Works by adding
1075 a "-R" to the pkg_delete command line.
1078 This target causes the current package to be updated to the latest
1079 version. The package and all depending packages first get deinstalled,
1080 then current versions of the corresponding packages get compiled and
1081 installed. This is similar to manually noting which packages are
1082 currently installed, then performing a series of "make deinstall" and
1083 and "make install" (or whatever DEPENDS_TARGET is set to) for these
1086 You can use the "update" target to resume package updating in case a
1087 previous "make update" was interrupted for some reason. However, in
1088 this case, make sure you don't call "make clean" or otherwise remove
1089 the list of dependent packages in ${WRKDIR}. Otherwise you lose the
1090 ability to automatically update the current package along with the
1091 dependent packages you have installed.
1093 Resuming an interrupted 'make update' will only work as long as the
1094 package tree remains unchanged. If the source code for one of the
1095 packages to be updated has been changed, resuming 'make update' will
1096 most certainly fail!
1098 The following variables can be used either on the command line or in
1099 /etc/mk.conf to alter the behaviour of "make update":
1102 Install target to use for the updated package and the
1103 dependent packages. Defaults to "install". E.g.
1104 "make update DEPENDS_TARGET=package"
1107 Don't clean up after updating. Useful if you want to leave the
1108 work sources of the updated packages around for inspection or
1109 other purposes. Be sure you eventually clean up the source
1110 tree (see the "clean-update" target below) or you may run into
1111 troubles with old source code still lying around on your next
1112 "make" or "make update".
1115 Use "reinstall" instead of ${DEPENDS_TARGET} for every package
1116 that gets updated. Be sure you know the implications of using
1117 the "reinstall" target when using this variable.
1120 Clean the source tree for all packages that would get updated if
1121 "make update" was called from the current directory. This target
1122 should not be used if the current package (or any of its depending
1123 packages) have already been deinstalled (e.g., after calling "make
1124 update") or you may lose some packages you intended to update.
1125 As a rule of thumb: only use this target _before_ the first time
1126 you call "make update" and only if you have a dirty package tree
1127 (e.g., if you used NOCLEAN). The following variables can be used
1128 either on the command line or in /etc/mk.conf to alter the behaviour
1129 of "make clean-update":
1132 After "make clean", do not reconstruct the list of directories to
1133 update for this package. Only use this if "make update" successfully
1134 installed all packages you wanted to update. Normally, this is done
1135 automatically on "make update", but may have been suppressed by the
1136 NOCLEAN variable (see above).
1139 This target generates a README.html file, which can be viewed using a
1140 browser such as netscape (pkgsrc/www/mozilla) or lynx (pkgsrc/www/lynx).
1141 The generated files contain references to any packages which are in the
1142 ${PACKAGES} directory on the local host. The generated files can
1143 be made to refer to URLs based on FTP_PKG_URL_HOST and
1144 FTP_PKG_URL_DIR. (For example, if I wanted to generate README.html
1145 files which pointed to binary packages on the local machine, in the
1146 directory /usr/packages, set FTP_PKG_URL_HOST=file://localhost and
1147 FTP_PKG_URL_DIR=/usr/packages. The ${PACKAGES} directory and its
1148 subdirectories will be searched for all the binary packages.)
1151 Use this target to create a file README-all.html which contains a
1152 list of all packages currently available in the NetBSD Packages
1153 Collection, together with the category they belong to and a short
1154 description. This file is compiled from the pkgsrc/*/README.html
1155 files, so be sure to run this _after_ a "make readme".
1158 This is very much the same as the readme: target (see above), but is
1159 to be used when generating a pkgsrc tree to be written to a CD-ROM.
1160 This target also produces README.html files, and can be made to refer
1161 to URLs based on CDROM_PKG_URL_HOST and CDROM_PKG_URL_DIR.
1164 This target shows which distfiles and patchfiles are needed to build
1165 the package. (DISTFILES and PATCHFILES, but not patches/*)
1168 This target shows nothing if the package is not installed. If a version
1169 of this package is installed, but is not the version provided in this
1170 version of pkgsrc, then a warning message is displayed. This target can
1171 be used to show which of your installed packages are downlevel, and so
1172 the old versions can be deleted, and the current ones added.
1175 This target shows the directory in the pkgsrc hierarchy from which the
1176 package can be built and installed. This may not be the same directory
1177 as the one from which the package was installed. This target is intended
1178 to be used by people who may wish to upgrade many packages on a single
1179 host, and can be invoked from the top-level pkgsrc Makefile by using the
1180 target "show-host-specific-pkgs"
1183 After a package is installed, check all it's binaries and (on ELF
1184 platforms) shared libraries if they find the shared libs they need.
1185 Run by default if PKG_DEVELOPER is set in /etc/mk.conf.
1191 To check out all the gotchas when building a package (wither from
1192 a FreeBSD port, or from scratch), here are the steps that I do in
1193 order to get a package working. Please note this is basically the
1194 same as what was explained in the previous sections, only with some
1197 - Make sure PKG_DEVELOPER=1 is in /etc/mk.conf
1198 - Retrieve port from FreeBSD collection
1199 - Fix RCS-ID in the package's Makefile, see section 4.1.
1200 - Import unchanged FreeBSD source (ONLY if you have cvs access, not needed
1202 (cd .../pkgsrc/category/pkgname ; cvs import pkgsrc/category/pkgname \
1203 FREEBSD FreeBSD-current-yyyy-mm-dd)
1204 - If you did a CVS import, check it out to apply the following fixes
1205 (not needed if you don't have CVS access!)
1206 - Look at Makefile, fix if necessary; see section 4.1.
1207 - Look at patches, remember if not appropriate
1208 - Have a look at pkg/PLIST, add a "@comment <$>NetBSD<$>" line at the
1209 beginning of any PLIST file (see section 5).
1211 - If something is not ok, fix; for patches: fix the file, then re-generate
1212 the diff: 'diff -bu foo.orig foo >../../patches/patch-xx' (mv patch-xx
1213 patch-xx.orig before); If there's no foo.orig from a previous patch, be
1214 sure to have an old version of the file somewhere; re-iterate :)
1215 - If all builds OK: touch /tmp/bla
1217 - find /usr/pkg/ /usr/X11R6/ -newer /tmp/bla >/tmp/x
1218 (or whatever you set LOCALBASE and X11BASE to)
1220 - find /usr/pkg/ /usr/X11R6/ -newer /tmp/bla (or diff against output of
1221 'make print-PLIST'): if this brings up any files, that are missing in
1222 pkg/PLIST*; add them.
1223 - Compare pkg/PLIST* against /tmp/x, fix the former one
1224 ( sort /tmp/x >/tmp/x2 ; sort pkg/PLIST >/tmp/P ; sdiff /tmp/x2 /tmp/P )
1225 - make reinstall && make package
1227 - "find /usr/pkg/ /usr/X11R6/ -type f -newer /tmp/bla" shouldn't find anything
1229 - pkg_add .../blub.tgz
1231 - pkg_delete - still no file should be left (re-run above find)
1232 - make clean && touch /tmp/bla && make install && make clean && make deinstall
1233 then run the find again. Yes, some software authors write Makefiles that
1234 install files during the build target. Sigh. Re-run the find, and fix the
1235 PLIST. Repeat until certain the software does not install any files that
1237 - submit (or commit, if you have cvs access); see section 10.
1240 9 FAQs & features of the package system
1241 =======================================
1243 9.1 Packages using GNU autoconfig
1244 9.2 Other distrib methods than .tar.gz
1245 9.3 Packages not creating their own subdirectory
1246 9.4 Custom configuration process
1247 9.5 Packages not building in their DISTNAME directory
1248 9.6 How to fetch all distfiles at once
1249 9.7 How to fetch files from behind a firewall
1250 9.8 If your patch contains an RCS ID
1251 9.9 How to pull in variables from /etc/mk.conf
1252 9.10 Is there a mailing list for pkg-related discussion?
1253 9.11 How do i tell "make fetch" to do passive FTP?
1254 9.12 Dependencies on other packages
1255 9.13 Conflicts with other packages
1256 9.14 Software which has a WWW Home Page
1257 9.15 How to handle modified distfiles with the 'old' name
1260 9.1 Packages using GNU autoconfig
1261 =================================
1263 If your package uses GNU autoconf, add the following to your package's
1266 > GNU_CONFIGURE= yes
1268 Note that this appends --prefix=${PREFIX} to CONFIGURE_ARGS, so you don't
1269 have to do that yourself, and this may not be what you want.
1272 9.2 Other distrib methods than .tar.gz
1273 ======================================
1275 If your package uses a different distribution method from .tar.gz, take a
1276 look at the package for plan9/sam, which uses a gzipped shell archive
1277 (shar), but the quick solution is to set EXTRACT_SUFX to the name after the
1278 DISTNAME field, and add the following to your package's Makefile:
1280 > EXTRACT_SUFX= .msg.gz
1282 > EXTRACT_BEFORE_ARGS=
1283 > EXTRACT_AFTER_ARGS= |sh
1286 9.3 Packages not creating their own subdirectory
1287 ================================================
1289 Your package doesn't create a subdirectory for itself (like GNU software
1290 does, for instance), but extracts itself in the current directory: see
1291 plan9/sam again, but the quick answer is:
1296 9.4 Custom configuration process
1297 ================================
1299 Your package uses a weird Configure script: See the top package, but the
1302 > HAS_CONFIGURE= yes
1303 > CONFIGURE_SCRIPT= Configure
1304 > CONFIGURE_ARGS+= netbsd13
1307 9.5 Packages not building in their DISTNAME directory
1308 ======================================================
1310 Your package builds in a different directory from its base DISTNAME - see
1311 tcl and tk packages:
1313 > WRKSRC= ${WRKDIR}/${DISTNAME}/unix
1316 9.6 How to fetch all distfiles at once
1317 ======================================
1319 You would like to download all the distfiles in a single batch from work or
1320 university, where you can't run a "make fetch". But there's no archive of
1321 the distfiles on ftp.netbsd.org and the one on ftp.freebsd.org contains
1322 many distfiles for which there are no ports (yet).
1324 The answer here is to do a "make fetch-list" in /usr/pkgsrc and use the
1328 9.7 How to fetch files from behind a firewall
1329 =============================================
1331 If you are sitting behind a firewall which does not allow direct connections
1332 to Internet hosts (i.e. non-NAT), you may specify the relevant proxy hosts.
1333 This is done using an environment variable in the form of a URL
1334 e.g. in Amdahl, the machine orpheus.amdahl.com is one of the firewalls, and
1335 it uses port 80 as the proxy port number. So the proxy environment
1336 variables look like:
1338 ftp_proxy=ftp://orpheus.amdahl.com:80/
1339 http_proxy=http://orpheus.amdahl.com:80/
1342 9.8 If your patch contains an RCS ID
1343 ====================================
1345 See section 4.3 on how to remove RCS IDs from patch files.
1348 9.9 How to pull in variables from /etc/mk.conf
1349 ==============================================
1351 The problem with package-defined variables that can be overridden via
1352 MAKECONF or /etc/mk.conf is that make(1) expands a variable as it is
1353 used, but evaluates preprocessor like statements (.if, .ifdef and
1354 .ifndef) as they are read. So, to use any variable (which may be set
1355 in /etc/mk.conf) in one of the .if* statements, the file /etc/mk.conf
1356 must be included before that .if* statement.
1358 Rather than have a number of ad-hoc ways of including /etc/mk.conf,
1359 should it exist, or MAKECONF, should it exist, include the
1360 pkgsrc/mk/bsd.prefs.mk file in the package Makefile before any
1361 preprocessor-like .if, .ifdef, or .ifndef statements:
1363 .include "../../mk/bsd.prefs.mk"
1365 .if defined(USE_MENUS)
1370 9.10 Is there a mailing list for pkg-related discussion?
1371 ========================================================
1373 Yes. We are using tech-pkg@netbsd.org for discussing package related
1374 issues. To subscribe do:
1376 echo subscribe tech-pkg | mail majordomo@netbsd.org
1379 9.11 How do i tell "make fetch" to do passive FTP?
1380 ==================================================
1382 This depends on which utility is used to retrieve distfiles. From
1383 bsd.pkg.mk, FETCH_CMD is assigned the first available command from the
1387 ${LOCALBASE}/bsd/bin/ftp
1390 On a default NetBSD install, this will be /usr/bin/ftp, which automatically
1391 tries passive connections first, and falls back to active connections if the
1392 server refuses to do passive. For the other tools, add the following to your
1393 /etc/mk.conf file: PASSIVE_FETCH=1
1395 Having that option present will prevent /usr/bin/ftp from falling back to
1399 9.12 Dependencies on other packages
1400 ===================================
1402 Your package may depend on some other package being present - and there are
1403 various ways of expressing this dependency. NetBSD supports the
1404 BUILD_DEPENDS and DEPENDS definitions (beware: the DEPENDS definition is
1405 not the same as FreeBSD's deprecated one, and NetBSD does not use the
1406 FreeBSD LIB_DEPENDS definition any more - it proved problematic on ELF
1409 [In the following examples, the BUILD_DEPENDS dependencies have the format:
1410 <file>:<directory containing package to build>[:<stage>] If the <stage>
1411 isn't specified, it defaults to ``install''. If the file contains a '/', it
1412 is interpreted as a regular file - otherwise, the name is taken to be an
1413 executable file, and the PATH is searched for <file>. If the regular file
1414 is not found, or the executable file is not in the path, then the
1415 pre-requisite package will be built from the sources in <directory
1416 containing the package to build>. The DEPENDS definition specifies a
1417 package name (which contains its version number), and the directory
1418 containing the package to build if this version of the package is not
1421 (a) If your package needs files from another package to build, see the
1422 print/ghostscript5 package (it relies on the jpeg sources being
1423 present in source form during the build):
1425 BUILD_DEPENDS+= ../../graphics/jpeg/${WRKDIR:T}/jpeg-6a:../../graphics/jpeg:extract
1427 (b) If your package needs to use another package to build itself, this
1428 is specified using the BUILD_DEPENDS definition, but without
1429 specifying the stage ``:extract'' in (a) above. An example is the
1430 print/lyx package, which uses the latex binary during its build
1433 BUILD_DEPENDS+= latex:../../print/teTeX
1435 (c) If your package needs a library with which to link, this is
1436 specified using the DEPENDS definition. An example of this is the
1437 print/lyx package, which uses the xpm library, version 3.4j to build.
1439 DEPENDS+= xpm-3.4j:../../graphics/xpm
1441 You can also use wildcards in package dependences:
1443 DEPENDS+= xpm-*:../../graphics/xpm
1445 Note that such wildcard dependencies are retained when creating
1446 binary package. The dependency is checked when installing the binary
1447 package and any package which matches the pattern would be used.
1448 Beware that wildard dependencies should be used with a bit of care.
1449 Simple example for package which needs some version of Tk installed,
1450 but doesn't care which exactly - dependency
1452 DEPENDS+= tk-*:../../x11/tk80
1454 would also match e.g. tk-postgresql-6.5.3, which is not what was
1455 needed. ALWAYS ensure that the wildcard doesn't match more than it should.
1457 (d) If your package needs some executable to be able to run correctly, this
1458 is specified using the DEPENDS definition. The print/lyx package needs to
1459 be able to execute the latex binary from the teTex package when it runs,
1460 and that is specified:
1462 DEPENDS+= teTex-*:../../print/teTeX
1464 The comment about wildcard dependencies from previous paragraph
1468 9.13 Conflicts with other packages
1469 ==================================
1471 Your package may conflict with other packages a user might already have
1472 installed on his system, e.g. if your package installs the same set of
1473 files like another package in our pkgsrc tree.
1475 In this case you can set CONFLICTS to a space separated list of packages
1476 (including version string) your package conflicts with.
1478 For example pkgsrc/x11/Xaw3d and pkgsrc/x11/Xaw-Xpm install provide the
1479 same shared library, thus you set in pkgsrc/x11/Xaw3d/Makefile:
1481 CONFLICTS= Xaw-Xpm-*
1483 and in pkgsrc/x11/Xaw-Xpm/Makefile:
1487 Packages will automatically conflict with other packages with the name prefix
1488 and a different version string. "Xaw3d-1.5" e.g. will automatically conflict
1489 with the older version "Xaw3d-1.3".
1491 9.14 Software which has a WWW Home Page
1492 =======================================
1494 The NetBSD packages system now supports a variable called HOMEPAGE.
1495 If the software being packaged has a home page, the Makefile should
1496 include the URL for that page in the HOMEPAGE variable. The definition
1497 of the variable should be placed immediately after the MAINTAINER
1500 9.15 How to handle modified distfiles with the 'old' name
1501 =========================================================
1503 Sometimes authors of a software package make some modifications after the
1504 software was released, and they put up a new distfile without changing the
1505 package's version number. If a package is already in pkgsrc at that time,
1506 the md5 checksum will no longer match. The correct way to work around this
1507 is to update the package's md5 checksum to match the package on the master
1508 site (beware, any mirrors may not be up to date yet!), and to remove the
1509 old distfile from ftp.netbsd.org's /pub/NetBSD/packages/distfiles directory.
1510 Furthermore, a mail to the package's author seems appropriate making sure
1511 the distfile was really updated on purpose, and that no trojan horse or so
1514 9.16 What does "Don't know how to make /usr/share/tmac/tmac.andoc" mean?
1515 ========================================================================
1517 When compiling the pkgsrc/pkgtools/pkg_install package, you get the error
1518 from make that it doesn't know how to make /usr/share/tmac/tmac.andoc? This
1519 indicates that you don't have installed the "text" set on your machine
1520 (nroff, ...). Please do that.
1522 9.17 How to handle incrementing versions when fixing an existing package
1523 ========================================================================
1525 When making fixes to an existing package it can be useful to change
1526 the version number in PKGNAME. To avoid conflicting with future versions
1527 by the original author, use a 'nb1' suffix (later versions should
1528 increment this to give 'nb2' and so on).
1530 9.18 "Could not find bsd.own.mk" - what's wrong?
1531 ================================================
1533 You didn't install the compiler set, comp.tgz, when you installed your
1534 NetBSD machine. Please get it and install it, by extracting it in /:
1536 tar --unlink -pvxf .../comp.tgz
1538 comp.tgz is part of every NetBSD release, please get the one matching
1539 the release you have installed (determine via "uname -r").
1545 * precompiled binary packages:
1546 Our policy is that we accept binaries from only NetBSD developers to
1547 guarantee that the packages don't contain any trojan horses etc.
1548 This is not to piss anyone off but rather to protect our users!
1549 You're still free to put up your home-made binary packages and tell
1550 the world where to get them.
1553 First, check that your package is complete, compiles and runs well; see
1554 section 8 and the rest of this document. Then, generate a gzipped
1555 tar-file of all the files needed for the package, preferably with all
1556 files in a single directory. Place this tar-file to a place where the
1557 package maintainers can fetch it using FTP or HTTP (WWW). Finally,
1558 send-pr with category "pkg", a synopsis which includes the package name
1559 and version number, a short description of your package
1560 (contents of pkg/COMMENT are OK) and the URL of your tar-file.
1562 You will be notified if your send-pr has been addressed so you can remove
1566 11 A simple example of a package: bison
1567 =======================================
1569 I checked to find a piece of software that isn't in the FreeBSD ports
1570 collection, and picked GNU bison. Quite why someone would want to have
1571 bison when Berkeley yacc is already present in the tree is beyond me, but
1572 it's useful for the purposes of this exercise.
1578 The file contents in this section must be used without the "> " prefix.
1586 > DISTNAME= bison-1.25
1588 > MASTER_SITES= ${MASTER_SITE_GNU}
1590 > MAINTAINER= thorpej@netbsd.org
1591 > HOMEPAGE= http://www.gnu.org/software/bison/bison.html
1593 > GNU_CONFIGURE= yes
1594 > INFO_FILES= bison.info
1596 > .include "../../mk/bsd.pkg.mk"
1608 > GNU version of yacc. Can make re-entrant parsers, and numerous other
1609 > improvements. Why you would want this when Berkeley yacc(1) is part
1610 > of the NetBSD source tree is beyond me.
1616 > @comment <$>NetBSD<$>
1618 > man/man1/bison.1.gz
1619 > @unexec install-info --delete %D/info/bison.info %D/info/dir
1626 > @exec install-info %D/info/bison.info %D/info/dir
1627 > share/bison.simple
1631 11.1.5 Checking a package "pkglint"
1632 ===================================
1634 The NetBSD package system comes with a tool called "pkglint" (located in the
1635 directory "pkgsrc/pkgtools/pkglint") which helps to check the contents of these
1636 files. After installation it is quite easy to use, just change to the
1637 directory of the package you which to examine and execute "pkglint":
1639 > tron@lyssa:/usr/pkgsrc/devel/bison>pkglint
1640 > OK: checking pkg/COMMENT.
1641 > OK: checking pkg/DESCR.
1642 > OK: checking Makefile.
1643 > OK: checking files/md5.
1644 > OK: checking patches/patch-aa.
1647 Depending on the supplied command line arguments (see "man pkglint") more
1648 intensive checks will be performed. Use e.g. "pkglint -a -v" for a very
1649 detailed and verbose check.
1652 11.2 Steps for building, installing, packaging
1653 ==============================================
1655 Create the directory where the package lives, plus any auxiliary directories:
1657 > root@pumpy:/u/pkgsrc/lang(1765)# cd /usr/pkgsrc/lang
1658 > root@pumpy:/u/pkgsrc/lang(1765)# mkdir bison
1659 > root@pumpy:/u/pkgsrc/lang(1766)# cd bison
1660 > root@pumpy:/u/pkgsrc/lang/bison(1768)# mkdir files patches pkg
1662 Create Makefile, pkg/COMMENT, pkg/DESCR and pkg/PLIST as in section 11.1,
1663 then continue with fetching the distfile:
1665 > root@pumpy:/u/pkgsrc/lang/bison(1769)# make fetch
1666 > >> bison-1.25.tar.gz doesn't seem to exist on this system.
1667 > >> Attempting to fetch from ftp://prep.ai.mit.edu/pub/gnu//.
1668 > Requesting ftp://prep.ai.mit.edu/pub/gnu//bison-1.25.tar.gz (via ftp://orpheus.amdahl.com:80/)
1669 > ftp: Error retrieving file: 500 Internal error
1671 > >> Attempting to fetch from ftp://wuarchive.wustl.edu/systems/gnu//.
1672 > Requesting ftp://wuarchive.wustl.edu/systems/gnu//bison-1.25.tar.gz (via ftp://orpheus.amdahl.com:80/)
1673 > ftp: Error retrieving file: 500 Internal error
1675 > >> Attempting to fetch from ftp://ftp.freebsd.org/pub/FreeBSD/distfiles//.
1676 > Requesting ftp://ftp.freebsd.org/pub/FreeBSD/distfiles//bison-1.25.tar.gz (via ftp://orpheus.amdahl.com:80/)
1677 > Successfully retrieved file.
1679 Generate the checksum of the distfile into files/md5:
1681 > root@pumpy:/u/pkgsrc/lang/bison(1770)# make makesum
1685 > root@pumpy:/u/pkgsrc/lang/bison(1777)# make
1686 > >> Checksum OK for bison-1.25.tar.gz.
1687 > ===> Extracting for bison-1.25
1688 > ===> Patching for bison-1.25
1689 > ===> Ignoring empty patch directory
1690 > ===> Configuring for bison-1.25
1691 > creating cache ./config.cache
1692 > checking for gcc... cc
1693 > checking whether we are using GNU C... yes
1694 > checking for a BSD compatible install... /usr/bin/install -c -o bin -g bin
1695 > checking how to run the C preprocessor... cc -E
1696 > checking for minix/config.h... no
1697 > checking for POSIXized ISC... no
1698 > checking whether cross-compiling... no
1699 > checking for ANSI C header files... yes
1700 > checking for string.h... yes
1701 > checking for stdlib.h... yes
1702 > checking for memory.h... yes
1703 > checking for working const... yes
1704 > checking for working alloca.h... no
1705 > checking for alloca... yes
1706 > checking for strerror... yes
1707 > updating cache ./config.cache
1708 > creating ./config.status
1710 > ===> Building for bison-1.25
1711 > cc -c -DSTDC_HEADERS=1 -DHAVE_STRING_H=1 -DHAVE_STDLIB_H=1 -DHAVE_MEMORY_H=1 -DHAVE_ALLOCA=1 -DHAVE_STRERROR=1 -I./../include -g LR0.c
1712 > cc -c -DSTDC_HEADERS=1 -DHAVE_STRING_H=1 -DHAVE_STDLIB_H=1 -DHAVE_MEMORY_H=1 -DHAVE_ALLOCA=1 -DHAVE_STRERROR=1 -I./../include -g allocate.c
1713 > cc -c -DSTDC_HEADERS=1 -DHAVE_STRING_H=1 -DHAVE_STDLIB_H=1 -DHAVE_MEMORY_H=1 -DHAVE_ALLOCA=1 -DHAVE_STRERROR=1 -I./../include -g closure.c
1714 > cc -c -DSTDC_HEADERS=1 -DHAVE_STRING_H=1 -DHAVE_STDLIB_H=1 -DHAVE_MEMORY_H=1 -DHAVE_ALLOCA=1 -DHAVE_STRERROR=1 -I./../include -g conflicts.c
1715 > cc -c -DSTDC_HEADERS=1 -DHAVE_STRING_H=1 -DHAVE_STDLIB_H=1 -DHAVE_MEMORY_H=1 -DHAVE_ALLOCA=1 -DHAVE_STRERROR=1 -I./../include -g derives.c
1716 > cc -c -DXPFILE=\"/usr/pkg/share/bison.simple\" -DXPFILE1=\"/usr/pkg/share/bison.hairy\" -DSTDC_HEADERS=1 -DHAVE_STRING_H=1 -DHAVE_STDLIB_H=1 -DHAVE_MEMORY_H=1 -DHAVE_ALLOCA=1 -DHAVE_STRERROR=1 -g ./files.c
1717 > cc -c -DSTDC_HEADERS=1 -DHAVE_STRING_H=1 -DHAVE_STDLIB_H=1 -DHAVE_MEMORY_H=1 -DHAVE_ALLOCA=1 -DHAVE_STRERROR=1 -I./../include -g getargs.c
1718 > cc -c -DSTDC_HEADERS=1 -DHAVE_STRING_H=1 -DHAVE_STDLIB_H=1 -DHAVE_MEMORY_H=1 -DHAVE_ALLOCA=1 -DHAVE_STRERROR=1 -I./../include -g gram.c
1719 > cc -c -DSTDC_HEADERS=1 -DHAVE_STRING_H=1 -DHAVE_STDLIB_H=1 -DHAVE_MEMORY_H=1 -DHAVE_ALLOCA=1 -DHAVE_STRERROR=1 -I./../include -g lalr.c
1720 > cc -c -DSTDC_HEADERS=1 -DHAVE_STRING_H=1 -DHAVE_STDLIB_H=1 -DHAVE_MEMORY_H=1 -DHAVE_ALLOCA=1 -DHAVE_STRERROR=1 -I./../include -g lex.c
1721 > cc -c -DSTDC_HEADERS=1 -DHAVE_STRING_H=1 -DHAVE_STDLIB_H=1 -DHAVE_MEMORY_H=1 -DHAVE_ALLOCA=1 -DHAVE_STRERROR=1 -I./../include -g main.c
1722 > cc -c -DSTDC_HEADERS=1 -DHAVE_STRING_H=1 -DHAVE_STDLIB_H=1 -DHAVE_MEMORY_H=1 -DHAVE_ALLOCA=1 -DHAVE_STRERROR=1 -I./../include -g nullable.c
1723 > cc -c -DSTDC_HEADERS=1 -DHAVE_STRING_H=1 -DHAVE_STDLIB_H=1 -DHAVE_MEMORY_H=1 -DHAVE_ALLOCA=1 -DHAVE_STRERROR=1 -I./../include -g output.c
1724 > cc -c -DSTDC_HEADERS=1 -DHAVE_STRING_H=1 -DHAVE_STDLIB_H=1 -DHAVE_MEMORY_H=1 -DHAVE_ALLOCA=1 -DHAVE_STRERROR=1 -I./../include -g print.c
1725 > cc -c -DSTDC_HEADERS=1 -DHAVE_STRING_H=1 -DHAVE_STDLIB_H=1 -DHAVE_MEMORY_H=1 -DHAVE_ALLOCA=1 -DHAVE_STRERROR=1 -I./../include -g reader.c
1726 > cc -c -DSTDC_HEADERS=1 -DHAVE_STRING_H=1 -DHAVE_STDLIB_H=1 -DHAVE_MEMORY_H=1 -DHAVE_ALLOCA=1 -DHAVE_STRERROR=1 -I./../include -g reduce.c
1727 > cc -c -DSTDC_HEADERS=1 -DHAVE_STRING_H=1 -DHAVE_STDLIB_H=1 -DHAVE_MEMORY_H=1 -DHAVE_ALLOCA=1 -DHAVE_STRERROR=1 -I./../include -g symtab.c
1728 > cc -c -DSTDC_HEADERS=1 -DHAVE_STRING_H=1 -DHAVE_STDLIB_H=1 -DHAVE_MEMORY_H=1 -DHAVE_ALLOCA=1 -DHAVE_STRERROR=1 -I./../include -g warshall.c
1729 > cc -c -DSTDC_HEADERS=1 -DHAVE_STRING_H=1 -DHAVE_STDLIB_H=1 -DHAVE_MEMORY_H=1 -DHAVE_ALLOCA=1 -DHAVE_STRERROR=1 -I./../include -g version.c
1730 > cc -c -DSTDC_HEADERS=1 -DHAVE_STRING_H=1 -DHAVE_STDLIB_H=1 -DHAVE_MEMORY_H=1 -DHAVE_ALLOCA=1 -DHAVE_STRERROR=1 -I./../include -g getopt.c
1731 > cc -c -DSTDC_HEADERS=1 -DHAVE_STRING_H=1 -DHAVE_STDLIB_H=1 -DHAVE_MEMORY_H=1 -DHAVE_ALLOCA=1 -DHAVE_STRERROR=1 -I./../include -g getopt1.c
1732 > cc -g -o bison LR0.o allocate.o closure.o conflicts.o derives.o files.o getargs.o gram.o lalr.o lex.o main.o nullable.o output.o print.o reader.o reduce.o symtab.o warshall.o version.o
1734 > ./files.c:240: warning: mktemp() possibly used unsafely, consider using mkstemp()
1736 > sed -e "/^#line/ s|bison|/usr/pkg/share/bison|" < ./bison.simple > bison.s1
1738 Everything seems OK, so install the files:
1740 > root@pumpy:/u/pkgsrc/lang/bison(1785)# make install
1741 > >> Checksum OK for bison-1.25.tar.gz.
1742 > ===> Installing for bison-1.25
1743 > sh ./mkinstalldirs /usr/pkg/bin /usr/pkg/share /usr/pkg/info /usr/pkg/man/man1
1744 > rm -f /usr/pkg/bin/bison
1745 > cd /usr/pkg/share; rm -f bison.simple bison.hairy
1746 > rm -f /usr/pkg/man/man1/bison.1 /usr/pkg/info/bison.info*
1747 > install -c -o bin -g bin -m 555 bison /usr/pkg/bin/bison
1748 > /usr/bin/install -c -o bin -g bin -m 644 bison.s1 /usr/pkg/share/bison.simple
1749 > /usr/bin/install -c -o bin -g bin -m 644 ./bison.hairy /usr/pkg/share/bison.hairy
1750 > cd .; for f in bison.info*; do /usr/bin/install -c -o bin -g bin -m 644 $f /usr/pkg/info/$f; done
1751 > /usr/bin/install -c -o bin -g bin -m 644 ./bison.1 /usr/pkg/man/man1/bison.1
1752 > ===> Registering installation for bison-1.25
1754 You can now use bison, and also - if you decide so - remove it with
1755 "pkg_delete bison-1.25". Should you decide that you want a binary package,
1758 > root@pumpy:/u/pkgsrc/lang/bison(1786)# make package
1759 > >> Checksum OK for bison-1.25.tar.gz.
1760 > ===> Building package for bison-1.25
1761 > Creating package bison-1.25.tgz
1762 > Registering depends:.
1763 > Creating gzip'd tar ball in '/u/pkgsrc/lang/bison/bison-1.25.tgz'
1765 Now that you don't need the source and object files any more, clean up:
1767 > root@pumpy:/u/pkgsrc/lang/bison(1787)# make clean
1768 > ===> Cleaning for bison-1.25
1771 ======================
1772 Appendix A: build logs
1773 ======================
1778 > Script started on Fri Oct 3 13:22:31 1997
1779 > root@pumpy:/u/pkgsrc/sysutils/top(1342)# make
1780 > >> top-3.5beta5.tar.gz doesn't seem to exist on this system.
1781 > >> Attempting to fetch from ftp://ftp.groupsys.com/pub/top/.
1782 > Requesting ftp://ftp.groupsys.com/pub/top/top-3.5beta5.tar.gz (via ftp://orpheus.amdahl.com:80/)
1783 > Successfully retrieved file.
1784 > >> Checksum OK for top-3.5beta5.tar.gz.
1785 > ===> Extracting for top-3.5beta5
1786 > ===> Patching for top-3.5beta5
1787 > ===> Applying NetBSD patches for top-3.5beta5
1788 > ===> Configuring for top-3.5beta5
1789 > /bin/cp /u/pkgsrc/sysutils/top/files/defaults /u/pkgsrc/sysutils/top/work/top-3.5beta5/.defaults
1790 > chmod a-x /u/pkgsrc/sysutils/top/work/top-3.5beta5/install
1792 > Reading configuration from last time...
1794 > Using these settings:
1795 > Bourne Shell /bin/sh
1797 > Compiler options -DHAVE_GETOPT -O
1799 > Install command /usr/bin/install
1806 > Random passwd access yes
1811 > bin directory $(PREFIX)/bin
1812 > man directory $(PREFIX)/man/man1
1816 > Building Makefile...
1817 > Building top.local.h...
1819 > Doing a "make clean".
1820 > rm -f *.o top core core.* sigdesc.h
1821 > To create the executable, type "make".
1822 > To install the executable, type "make install".
1823 > ===> Building for top-3.5beta5
1824 > cc -DHAVE_GETOPT -DORDER -DHAVE_GETOPT -O -c top.c
1825 > awk -f sigconv.awk /usr/include/sys/signal.h >sigdesc.h
1826 > cc -DHAVE_GETOPT -DORDER -DHAVE_GETOPT -O -c commands.c
1827 > cc -DHAVE_GETOPT -DORDER -DHAVE_GETOPT -O -c display.c
1828 > cc -DHAVE_GETOPT -DORDER -DHAVE_GETOPT -O -c screen.c
1829 > cc -DHAVE_GETOPT -DORDER -DHAVE_GETOPT -O -c username.c
1830 > cc -DHAVE_GETOPT -DORDER -DHAVE_GETOPT -O -c utils.c
1831 > utils.c: In function `errmsg':
1832 > utils.c:348: warning: return discards `const' from pointer target type
1833 > cc -DHAVE_GETOPT -DORDER -DHAVE_GETOPT -O -c version.c
1834 > cc -DHAVE_GETOPT -DORDER -DHAVE_GETOPT -O -c getopt.c
1835 > cc "-DOSREV=12G" -DHAVE_GETOPT -DORDER -DHAVE_GETOPT -O -c machine.c
1837 > cc -o top top.o commands.o display.o screen.o username.o utils.o version.o getopt.o machine.o -ltermcap -lm -lkvm
1838 > root@pumpy:/u/pkgsrc/sysutils/top(1343)# make install
1839 > >> Checksum OK for top-3.5beta5.tar.gz.
1840 > ===> Installing for top-3.5beta5
1841 > /usr/bin/install -o root -m 2755 -g kmem top /usr/pkg/bin
1842 > /usr/bin/install top.1 /usr/pkg/man/man1/top.1
1843 > strip /usr/pkg/bin/top
1844 > ===> Registering installation for top-3.5beta5
1845 > root@pumpy:/u/pkgsrc/sysutils/top(1344)#
1851 > root@pumpy:/u/pkgsrc/sysutils/top(1344)# make package
1852 > >> Checksum OK for top-3.5beta5.tar.gz.
1853 > ===> Building package for top-3.5beta5
1854 > Creating package top-3.5beta5.tgz
1855 > Registering depends:.
1856 > Creating gzip'd tar ball in '/u/pkgsrc/sysutils/top/top-3.5beta5.tgz'
1857 > root@pumpy:/u/pkgsrc/sysutils/top(1345)#
1860 ======================================================
1861 Appendix B: Layout of the FTP server's package archive
1862 ======================================================
1864 Layout for precompiled binary packages on ftp.netbsd.org:
1866 /pub/NetBSD/packages/
1869 pkgsrc -> /pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-current/pkgsrc
1887 - cd /usr/pkgsrc ; make install ; make package
1888 - upload /usr/pkgsrc/packages to
1889 ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/packages/`uname -r`/`sysctl -n hw.machine_arch`
1890 - if necessary ln -s `sysctl -n hw.machine` `sysctl -n hw.machine_arch`
1892 Disk space needed: unknown.
1895 ###########################################################################
1899 # sentence-end-double-space: nil