2 * spkr.c -- device driver for console speaker
4 * v1.4 by Eric S. Raymond (esr@snark.thyrsus.com) Aug 1993
5 * modified for FreeBSD by Andrew A. Chernov <ache@astral.msk.su>
7 * $FreeBSD: src/sys/i386/isa/spkr.c,v 1.45 2000/01/29 16:00:32 peter Exp $
8 * $DragonFly: src/sys/dev/sound/isa/i386/spkr/Attic/spkr.c,v 1.5 2003/07/19 21:14:34 dillon Exp $
11 #include <sys/param.h>
12 #include <sys/systm.h>
13 #include <sys/kernel.h>
17 #include <sys/ctype.h>
18 #include <i386/isa/isa.h>
19 #include <i386/isa/timerreg.h>
20 #include <machine/clock.h>
21 #include <machine/speaker.h>
23 static d_open_t spkropen;
24 static d_close_t spkrclose;
25 static d_write_t spkrwrite;
26 static d_ioctl_t spkrioctl;
29 static struct cdevsw spkr_cdevsw = {
31 /* close */ spkrclose,
33 /* write */ spkrwrite,
34 /* ioctl */ spkrioctl,
37 /* strategy */ nostrategy,
46 /**************** MACHINE DEPENDENT PART STARTS HERE *************************
48 * This section defines a function tone() which causes a tone of given
49 * frequency and duration from the ISA console speaker.
50 * Another function endtone() is defined to force sound off, and there is
51 * also a rest() entry point to do pauses.
53 * Audible sound is generated using the Programmable Interval Timer (PIT) and
54 * Programmable Peripheral Interface (PPI) attached to the ISA speaker. The
55 * PPI controls whether sound is passed through at all; the PIT's channel 2 is
56 * used to generate clicks (a square wave) of whatever frequency is desired.
61 * XXX should be in a header and used in clock.c.
63 #define PPI_SPKR 0x03 /* turn these PPI bits on to pass sound */
65 static char endtone, endrest;
67 static void tone __P((unsigned int thz, unsigned int ticks));
68 static void rest __P((int ticks));
69 static void playinit __P((void));
70 static void playtone __P((int pitch, int value, int sustain));
71 static int abs __P((int n));
72 static void playstring __P((char *cp, size_t slen));
74 /* emit tone of frequency thz for given number of ticks */
77 unsigned int thz, ticks;
85 divisor = timer_freq / thz;
88 (void) printf("tone: thz=%d ticks=%d\n", thz, ticks);
91 /* set timer to generate clicks at given frequency in Hertz */
94 if (acquire_timer2(TIMER_SEL2 | TIMER_SQWAVE | TIMER_16BIT)) {
95 /* enter list of waiting procs ??? */
101 outb(TIMER_CNTR2, (divisor & 0xff)); /* send lo byte */
102 outb(TIMER_CNTR2, (divisor >> 8)); /* send hi byte */
105 /* turn the speaker on */
106 outb(IO_PPI, inb(IO_PPI) | PPI_SPKR);
109 * Set timeout to endtone function, then give up the timeslice.
110 * This is so other processes can execute while the tone is being
114 tsleep((caddr_t)&endtone, PCATCH, "spkrtn", ticks);
115 outb(IO_PPI, inb(IO_PPI) & ~PPI_SPKR);
121 /* rest for given number of ticks */
127 * Set timeout to endrest function, then give up the timeslice.
128 * This is so other processes can execute while the rest is being
132 (void) printf("rest: %d\n", ticks);
135 tsleep((caddr_t)&endrest, PCATCH, "spkrrs", ticks);
138 /**************** PLAY STRING INTERPRETER BEGINS HERE **********************
140 * Play string interpretation is modelled on IBM BASIC 2.0's PLAY statement;
141 * M[LNS] are missing; the ~ synonym and the _ slur mark and the octave-
142 * tracking facility are added.
143 * Requires tone(), rest(), and endtone(). String play is not interruptible
144 * except possibly at physical block boundaries.
151 #define dtoi(c) ((c) - '0')
153 static int octave; /* currently selected octave */
154 static int whole; /* whole-note time at current tempo, in ticks */
155 static int value; /* whole divisor for note time, quarter note = 1 */
156 static int fill; /* controls spacing of notes */
157 static bool octtrack; /* octave-tracking on? */
158 static bool octprefix; /* override current octave-tracking state? */
161 * Magic number avoidance...
163 #define SECS_PER_MIN 60 /* seconds per minute */
164 #define WHOLE_NOTE 4 /* quarter notes per whole note */
165 #define MIN_VALUE 64 /* the most we can divide a note by */
166 #define DFLT_VALUE 4 /* default value (quarter-note) */
167 #define FILLTIME 8 /* for articulation, break note in parts */
168 #define STACCATO 6 /* 6/8 = 3/4 of note is filled */
169 #define NORMAL 7 /* 7/8ths of note interval is filled */
170 #define LEGATO 8 /* all of note interval is filled */
171 #define DFLT_OCTAVE 4 /* default octave */
172 #define MIN_TEMPO 32 /* minimum tempo */
173 #define DFLT_TEMPO 120 /* default tempo */
174 #define MAX_TEMPO 255 /* max tempo */
175 #define NUM_MULT 3 /* numerator of dot multiplier */
176 #define DENOM_MULT 2 /* denominator of dot multiplier */
178 /* letter to half-tone: A B C D E F G */
179 static int notetab[8] = {9, 11, 0, 2, 4, 5, 7};
182 * This is the American Standard A440 Equal-Tempered scale with frequencies
183 * rounded to nearest integer. Thank Goddess for the good ol' CRC Handbook...
184 * our octave 0 is standard octave 2.
186 #define OCTAVE_NOTES 12 /* semitones per octave */
187 static int pitchtab[] =
189 /* C C# D D# E F F# G G# A A# B*/
190 /* 0 */ 65, 69, 73, 78, 82, 87, 93, 98, 103, 110, 117, 123,
191 /* 1 */ 131, 139, 147, 156, 165, 175, 185, 196, 208, 220, 233, 247,
192 /* 2 */ 262, 277, 294, 311, 330, 349, 370, 392, 415, 440, 466, 494,
193 /* 3 */ 523, 554, 587, 622, 659, 698, 740, 784, 831, 880, 932, 988,
194 /* 4 */ 1047, 1109, 1175, 1245, 1319, 1397, 1480, 1568, 1661, 1760, 1865, 1975,
195 /* 5 */ 2093, 2217, 2349, 2489, 2637, 2794, 2960, 3136, 3322, 3520, 3729, 3951,
196 /* 6 */ 4186, 4435, 4698, 4978, 5274, 5588, 5920, 6272, 6644, 7040, 7459, 7902,
202 octave = DFLT_OCTAVE;
203 whole = (hz * SECS_PER_MIN * WHOLE_NOTE) / DFLT_TEMPO;
207 octprefix = TRUE; /* act as though there was an initial O(n) */
210 /* play tone of proper duration for current rhythm signature */
212 playtone(pitch, value, sustain)
213 int pitch, value, sustain;
215 register int sound, silence, snum = 1, sdenom = 1;
217 /* this weirdness avoids floating-point arithmetic */
218 for (; sustain; sustain--)
220 /* See the BUGS section in the man page for discussion */
222 sdenom *= DENOM_MULT;
225 if (value == 0 || sdenom == 0)
229 rest(whole * snum / (value * sdenom));
232 sound = (whole * snum) / (value * sdenom)
233 - (whole * (FILLTIME - fill)) / (value * FILLTIME);
234 silence = whole * (FILLTIME-fill) * snum / (FILLTIME * value * sdenom);
237 (void) printf("playtone: pitch %d for %d ticks, rest for %d ticks\n",
238 pitch, sound, silence);
241 tone(pitchtab[pitch], sound);
257 /* interpret and play an item from a notation string */
263 int pitch, oldfill, lastpitch = OCTAVE_NOTES * DFLT_OCTAVE;
265 #define GETNUM(cp, v) for(v=0; isdigit(cp[1]) && slen > 0; ) \
266 {v = v * 10 + (*++cp - '0'); slen--;}
269 int sustain, timeval, tempo;
270 register char c = toupper(*cp);
273 (void) printf("playstring: %c (%x)\n", c, c);
278 case 'A': case 'B': case 'C': case 'D': case 'E': case 'F': case 'G':
281 pitch = notetab[c - 'A'] + octave * OCTAVE_NOTES;
283 /* this may be followed by an accidental sign */
284 if (cp[1] == '#' || cp[1] == '+')
290 else if (cp[1] == '-')
298 * If octave-tracking mode is on, and there has been no octave-
299 * setting prefix, find the version of the current letter note
300 * closest to the last regardless of octave.
302 if (octtrack && !octprefix)
304 if (abs(pitch-lastpitch) > abs(pitch+OCTAVE_NOTES-lastpitch))
307 pitch += OCTAVE_NOTES;
310 if (abs(pitch-lastpitch) > abs((pitch-OCTAVE_NOTES)-lastpitch))
313 pitch -= OCTAVE_NOTES;
319 /* ...which may in turn be followed by an override time value */
321 if (timeval <= 0 || timeval > MIN_VALUE)
324 /* ...and/or sustain dots */
325 for (sustain = 0; cp[1] == '.'; cp++)
331 /* ...and/or a slur mark */
340 /* time to emit the actual tone */
341 playtone(pitch, timeval, sustain);
347 if (cp[1] == 'N' || cp[1] == 'n')
349 octprefix = octtrack = FALSE;
353 else if (cp[1] == 'L' || cp[1] == 'l')
362 if (octave >= sizeof(pitchtab) / sizeof(pitchtab[0]) / OCTAVE_NOTES)
363 octave = DFLT_OCTAVE;
369 if (octave < sizeof(pitchtab) / sizeof(pitchtab[0]) / OCTAVE_NOTES - 1)
382 for (sustain = 0; cp[1] == '.'; cp++)
394 playtone(pitch - 1, value, sustain);
400 if (value <= 0 || value > MIN_VALUE)
406 /* this may be followed by an override time value */
408 if (timeval <= 0 || timeval > MIN_VALUE)
410 for (sustain = 0; cp[1] == '.'; cp++)
415 playtone(-1, timeval, sustain);
420 if (tempo < MIN_TEMPO || tempo > MAX_TEMPO)
422 whole = (hz * SECS_PER_MIN * WHOLE_NOTE) / tempo;
426 if (cp[1] == 'N' || cp[1] == 'n')
432 else if (cp[1] == 'L' || cp[1] == 'l')
438 else if (cp[1] == 'S' || cp[1] == 's')
449 /******************* UNIX DRIVER HOOKS BEGIN HERE **************************
451 * This section implements driver hooks to run playstring() and the tone(),
452 * endtone(), and rest() functions defined above.
455 static int spkr_active = FALSE; /* exclusion flag */
456 static struct buf *spkr_inbuf; /* incoming buf */
459 spkropen(dev_t dev, int flags, int fmt, struct thread *td)
462 (void) printf("spkropen: entering with dev = %s\n", devtoname(dev));
467 else if (spkr_active)
472 (void) printf("spkropen: about to perform play initialization\n");
475 spkr_inbuf = geteblk(DEV_BSIZE);
482 spkrwrite(dev, uio, ioflag)
488 printf("spkrwrite: entering with dev = %s, count = %d\n",
489 devtoname(dev), uio->uio_resid);
494 else if (uio->uio_resid > (DEV_BSIZE - 1)) /* prevent system crashes */
503 cp = spkr_inbuf->b_data;
504 error = uiomove(cp, n, uio);
514 spkrclose(dev_t dev, int flags, int fmt, struct thread *td)
517 (void) printf("spkrclose: entering with dev = %s\n", devtoname(dev));
524 wakeup((caddr_t)&endtone);
525 wakeup((caddr_t)&endrest);
533 spkrioctl(dev_t dev, unsigned long cmd, caddr_t cmdarg, int flags, struct thread*td)
536 (void) printf("spkrioctl: entering with dev = %s, cmd = %lx\n",
537 devtoname(dev), cmd);
542 else if (cmd == SPKRTONE)
544 tone_t *tp = (tone_t *)cmdarg;
546 if (tp->frequency == 0)
549 tone(tp->frequency, tp->duration);
552 else if (cmd == SPKRTUNE)
554 tone_t *tp = (tone_t *)(*(caddr_t *)cmdarg);
559 error = copyin(tp, &ttp, sizeof(tone_t));
562 if (ttp.duration == 0)
564 if (ttp.frequency == 0)
567 tone(ttp.frequency, ttp.duration);
575 spkr_drvinit(void *unused)
577 make_dev(&spkr_cdevsw, 0, UID_ROOT, GID_WHEEL, 0600, "speaker");
580 SYSINIT(spkrdev,SI_SUB_DRIVERS,SI_ORDER_MIDDLE+CDEV_MAJOR,spkr_drvinit,NULL)
583 /* spkr.c ends here */