1 Updating Information for users of FreeBSD-CURRENT.
3 This file is maintained and copyrighted by M. Warner Losh <imp@freebsd.org>.
4 See end of file for further details. For commonly done items, please see the
5 COMMON ITEMS: section later in the file. These instructions assume that you
6 basically know what you are doing. If not, then please consult the FreeBSD
9 https://docs.freebsd.org/en/books/handbook/cutting-edge/#makeworld
11 Items affecting the ports and packages system can be found in
12 /usr/ports/UPDATING. Please read that file before updating system packages
15 NOTE TO PEOPLE WHO THINK THAT FreeBSD 15.x IS SLOW:
16 FreeBSD 15.x has many debugging features turned on, in both the kernel
17 and userland. These features attempt to detect incorrect use of
18 system primitives, and encourage loud failure through extra sanity
19 checking and fail stop semantics. They also substantially impact
20 system performance. If you want to do performance measurement,
21 benchmarking, and optimization, you'll want to turn them off. This
22 includes various WITNESS- related kernel options, INVARIANTS, malloc
23 debugging flags in userland, and various verbose features in the
24 kernel. Many developers choose to disable these features on build
25 machines to maximize performance. (To completely disable malloc
26 debugging, define WITH_MALLOC_PRODUCTION in /etc/src.conf and rebuild
27 world, or to merely disable the most expensive debugging functionality
28 at runtime, run "ln -s 'abort:false,junk:false' /etc/malloc.conf".)
31 A new loader tunable net.pf.default_to_drop allows pf(4)’s default
32 behaviour to be changed from pass to drop. Previously this required
33 recompiling the kernel with the option PF_DEFAULT_TO_DROP.
36 Enable splitting out pkgbase manpages into separate packages by
37 default. To disable this, set WITHOUT_MANSPLITPKG=yes in src.conf.
40 Move standard include files to the clibs-dev package and move clang
41 internal libraries and headers to clang and clang-dev. Upgrading systems
42 installed using pkgbase past this change involves extra steps to allow
45 pkg upgrade -y FreeBSD-utilities
46 pkg upgrade -y FreeBSD-utilities-dev
50 Enable vnet sysctl variables to be loader tunable. SYSCTLs which
51 belongs to VNETs can be initialized during early boot or module
52 loading if they are marked with CTLFLAG_TUN and there are
53 corresponding kernel environment variables.
56 The WITH_INIT_ALL_PATTERN and WITH_INIT_ALL_ZERO build options have
57 been replaced by INIT_ALL=pattern and INIT_ALL=zero respectively.
63 Serial communication (in boot loaders, kernel, and userland) has
64 been changed to default to 115200 bps, in line with common industry
65 practice and typcial firmware serial console redirection
68 Note that the early x86 BIOS bootloader (i.e., boot0sio) does not
69 support rates above 9600 bps and is not changed. boot0sio users may
70 set BOOT_COMCONSOLE_SPEED=9600 to use 9600 for all of the boot
71 components, or use the standard boot0 and have the boot2 stage start
72 with the serial port at 115200.
75 Following the general removal of MIPS support, the ath(4) AHB bus-
76 frontend has been removed, too, and building of the PCI support is
77 integrated with the ath(4) main module again. As a result, there's
78 no longer a need for if_ath_pci_load="YES" in /boot/loader.conf or
79 "device ath_pci" in the kernel configuration.
82 MAXCPU has been increased to 1024 in the amd64 GENERIC kernel config.
83 Out-of-tree kernel modules will need to be rebuilt.
86 CAM has been mechanically updated s/u_int(64|32|16|8)_t/uint\1_t/g
87 to move to the standard uintXX_t types from the old, traditional
88 BSD u_intXX_t types. This should be a NOP, but may cause problems
89 for out of tree changes. The SIMs were not updated since most of
90 the old u_intXX_t uses weren't due to CAM interfaces.
93 The heuristic for detecting old chromebooks with an EC bug that requires
94 atkbdc driver workarounds has changed. There should be no functional
95 change, but if your old chromebook's keyboard stops working, please
96 file a PR and assign it to imp.
99 OpenSSL has been updated to version 3.0, including changes throughout
100 the base system. It is important to rebuild third-party software
104 To enable pf rdr rules for connections initiated from the host, pf
105 filter rules can be optionally enabled for packets delivered
106 locally. This can change the behavior of rules which match packets
107 delivered to lo0. To enable this feature:
109 sysctl net.pf.filter_local=1
112 When enabled, its best to ensure that packets delivered locally are not
113 filtered, e.g. by adding a 'skip on lo' rule.
116 Improvements to libtacplus(8) mean that tacplus.conf(5) now
117 follows POSIX shell syntax rules. This may cause TACACS+
118 authentication to fail if the shared secret contains a single
119 quote, double quote, or backslash character which isn't
120 already properly quoted or escaped.
123 Belatedly switch the default nvme block device on x86 from nvd to nda.
124 nda created nvd compatibility links by default, so this should be a
125 nop. If this causes problems for your application, set hw.nvme.use_nvd=1
126 in your loader.conf or add `options NVME_USE_NVD=1` to your kernel
127 config. To disable the nvd compatibility aliases, add
128 kern.cam.nda.nvd_compat=0 to loader.conf. The default has been nda on
129 all non-x86 platforms for some time now. If you need to fall back,
130 please email imp@freebsd.org about why.
132 Encrypted swap partitions need to be changed from nvd to nda if you
133 migrate, or you need to use the above to switch back to nvd.
136 Remove portsnap(8). Users are encouraged to obtain the ports tree
140 Add jobs.mk to save typing. Enables -j${JOB_MAX} and logging
144 make -j${JOB_MAX} buildworld > ../buildworld.log 2>&1
146 where JOB_MAX is derrived from ncpus in local.sys.mk if not set in env.
149 Video related devices for some arm devices have been renamed.
150 If you have a custom kernel config and want to use hdmi output on
151 IMX6 board you need to add "device dwc_hdmi" "device imx6_hdmi" and
152 "device imx6_ipu" to it.
153 If you have a custom kernel config and want to use hdmi output on
154 TI AM335X board you need to add "device tda19988" to it.
155 If you add "device hdmi" in it you need to remove it as it doesn't
159 Introduce new kernel options KBD_DELAY1 and KBD_DELAY2. See atkbdc(4)
163 sshd now defaults to having X11Forwarding disabled, following upstream.
164 Administrators who wish to enable X11Forwarding should add
165 `X11Forwarding yes` to /etc/ssh/sshd_config.
168 Since commit 75d41cb6967 Huawei 3G/4G LTE Mobile Devices do not default
169 to ECM, but NCM mode and need u3g and ucom modules loaded. See cdce(4).
172 As of commit 7c40e2d5f685, the dependency on netlink(4) has been added
173 to the linux_common(4) module. Users relying on linux_common may need
174 to complile netlink(4) module if it is not present in their kernel.
177 The WITHOUT_CXX option has been removed. C++ components in the base
178 system are now built unconditionally.
181 LinuxKPI pci.h changes may require out-of-tree drivers to be recompiled.
182 Bump _FreeBSD_version to 1400078 to be able to detect this change.
185 llvm-objump is now always installed as objdump. Previously there was
186 no /usr/bin/objdump unless the WITH_LLVM_BINUTILS knob was used.
188 Some LLVM objdump options have a different output format compared to
189 GNU objdump; readelf is available for inspecting ELF files, and GNU
190 objdump is available from the devel/binutils port or package.
193 dma(8) has replaced sendmail(8) as the default mta. For people willing
194 to reenable sendmail(8):
196 $ cp /usr/share/examples/sendmail/mailer.conf /etc/mail/mailer.conf
198 and add sendmail_enable="YES" to rc.conf.
201 hw.bus.disable_failed_devices has changed from 'false' to 'true' by
202 default. Now if newbus succeeds in probing a device, but fails to attach
203 the device, we'll disable the device. In the past, we'd keep retrying
204 the device on each new driver loaded. To get that behavior now, one
205 needs to use devctl to re-enable the device, and reprobe it (or set
206 the sysctl/tunable hw.bus.disable_failed_devices=false).
208 NOTE: This was reverted 20221205 due to unexpected compatibility issues
211 pf no longer accepts 'scrub fragment crop' or 'scrub fragment drop-ovl'.
212 These configurations are no longer automatically reinterpreted as
213 'scrub fragment reassemble'.
216 The WITHOUT_CLANG_IS_CC option has been removed. When Clang is enabled
217 it is always installed as /usr/bin/cc (and c++, cpp).
220 Some programs have been moved into separate packages. It is recommended
221 for pkgbase users to do:
223 pkg install FreeBSD-dhclient FreeBSD-geom FreeBSD-resolvconf \
224 FreeBSD-devd FreeBSD-devmatch
226 after upgrading to restore all the component that were previously
230 OPIE has been removed from the base system. If needed, it can
231 be installed from ports (security/opie) or packages (opie).
232 Otherwise, make sure that your PAM policies do not reference
233 pam_opie or pam_opieaccess.
236 LinuxKPI pm.h changes require an update to the latest drm-kmod version
237 before re-compiling to avoid errors.
240 The macros provided for the manipulation of CPU sets (e.g. CPU_AND)
241 have been modified to take 2 source arguments instead of only 1.
242 Externally maintained sources that use these macros will have to
243 be adapted. The FreeBSD version has been bumped to 1400046 to
247 A number of the kernel include files are able to be included by
248 themselves. A test has been added to buildworld to enforce this.
251 Remove mips as a recognized target. This starts the decommissioning of
252 mips support in FreeBSD. mips related items will be removed wholesale in
253 the coming days and weeks.
255 This broke the NO_CLEAN build for some people. Either do a clean build
257 lib/clang/include/llvm/Config/Targets.def
258 lib/clang/include/llvm/Config/AsmParsers.def
259 lib/clang/include/llvm/Config/Disassemblers.def
260 lib/clang/include/llvm/Config/AsmPrinters.def
261 before the build to force everything to rebuild that needs to.
264 Unbound support for RFC8375: The special-use domain 'home.arpa' is
265 by default blocked. To unblock it use a local-zone nodefault
266 statement in unbound.conf:
267 local-zone: "home.arpa." nodefault
269 Or use another type of local-zone to override with your choice.
271 The reason for this is discussed in Section 6.1 of RFC8375:
272 Because 'home.arpa.' is not globally scoped and cannot be secured
273 using DNSSEC based on the root domain's trust anchor, there is no way
274 to tell, using a standard DNS query, in which homenet scope an answer
275 belongs. Consequently, users may experience surprising results with
276 such names when roaming to different homenets.
279 Commit b8d60729deef changed the TCP congestion control framework so
280 that any of the included congestion control modules could be
281 the single module built into the kernel. Previously newreno
282 was automatically built in through direct reference. As of
283 this commit you are required to declare at least one congestion
284 control module (e.g. 'options CC_NEWRENO') and to also declare a
285 default using the CC_DEFAULT option (e.g. options CC_DEFAULT="newreno\").
286 The GENERIC configuration includes CC_NEWRENO and defines newreno
287 as the default. If no congestion control option is built into the
288 kernel and you are including networking, the kernel compile will
289 fail. Also if no default is declared the kernel compile will fail.
292 Mips has been removed from universe builds. It will be removed from the
296 Commit f0c9847a6c47 changed the arguments for VOP_ALLOCATE.
297 The NFS modules must be rebuilt from sources and any out
298 of tree file systems that implement their own VOP_ALLOCATE
299 may need to be modified.
302 The synchronous PPP kernel driver sppp(4) has been removed.
303 The cp(4) and ce(4) drivers are now always compiled with netgraph(4)
304 support, formerly enabled by NETGRAPH_CRONYX option.
307 sh(1) is now the default shell for the root user. To force root to use
308 the csh shell, please run the following command as root:
313 Ncurses distribution has been split between libtinfow and libncurses
314 with libncurses.so becoming a linker (ld) script to seamlessly link
315 to libtinfow as needed. Bump _FreeBSD_version to 1400035 to reflect
319 As of commit 8160a0f62be6, the dummynet module no longer depends on the
320 ipfw module. Dummynet can now be used by pf as well as ipfw. As such
321 users who relied on this dependency may need to include ipfw in the
322 list of modules to load on their systems.
325 As of commit 903873ce1560, the mixer(8) utility has got a slightly
326 new syntax. Please refer to the mixer(8) manual page for more
327 information. The old mixer utility can be installed from ports:
328 audio/freebsd-13-mixer
331 As of commit 55089ef4f8bb, the global variable nfs_maxcopyrange has
332 been deleted from the nfscommon.ko. As such, nfsd.ko must be built
333 from up to date sources to avoid an undefined reference when
337 As of commit 62ca9fc1ad56 OpenSSL no longer enables kernel TLS
338 by default. Users can enable kernel TLS via the "KTLS" SSL
339 option. This can be enabled globally by using a custom
340 OpenSSL config file via OPENSSL_CONF or via an
341 application-specific configuration option for applications
342 which permit setting SSL options via SSL_CONF_cmd(3).
345 Commit 3ad1e1c1ce20 changed the internal KAPI between the NFS
346 modules. Therefore, all need to be rebuilt from sources.
349 Commit b69019c14cd8 removes pf's DIOCGETSTATESNV ioctl.
350 As of be70c7a50d32 it is no longer used by userspace, but it does mean
351 users may not be able to enumerate pf states if they update the kernel
352 past b69019c14cd8 without first updating userspace past be70c7a50d32.
355 As of commit 01ad0c007964 if_bridge member interfaces can no longer
356 change their MTU. Changing the MTU of the bridge itself will change the
357 MTU on all member interfaces instead.
360 Commit ee29e6f31111 changed the internal KAPI between the nfscommon
361 and nfsd modules. Therefore, both need to be rebuilt from sources.
362 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 1400026 for this KAPI change.
365 The 20210707 awk update brought in a change in behavior. This has
366 been corrected as of d4d252c49976. Between these dates, if you
367 installed a new awk binary, you may not be able to build a new
368 kernel because the change in behavior affected the genoffset
369 script used to build the kernel. If you did update, the fix is
370 to update your sources past the above hash and do
373 % sudo -E make install
374 to enable building kernels again.
377 Commit 1e0a518d6548 changed the internal KAPI between the NFS
378 modules. They all need to be rebuilt from sources. I did not
379 bump __FreeBSD_version, since it was bumped recently.
382 awk has been updated to the latest one-true-awk version 20210215.
383 This contains a number of minor bug fixes.
386 The NFSv4 client now uses the highest minor version of NFSv4
387 supported by the NFSv4 server by default instead of minor version 0,
389 The "minorversion" mount option may be used to override this default.
392 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 1400024 for LinuxKPI changes.
393 Most notably netdev.h can change now as the (last) dependencies
394 (mlx4/ofed) are now using struct ifnet directly, but also for PCI
395 additions and others.
398 The directory "blacklisted" under /usr/share/certs/ has been
399 renamed to "untrusted".
402 svnlite has been removed from base. Should you need svn for any reason
403 please install the svn package or port.
406 Commit e1a907a25cfa changed the internal KAPI between the krpc
407 and nfsserver. As such, both modules must be rebuilt from
408 sources. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 1400022.
411 The an(4) driver has been removed from FreeBSD.
414 The vendor/openzfs branch was renamed to vendor/openzfs/legacy to
415 start tracking OpenZFS upstream more closely. Please see
416 https://lists.freebsd.org/archives/freebsd-current/2021-June/000153.html
417 for details on how to correct any errors that might result. The
418 short version is that you need to remove the old branch locally:
419 git update-ref -d refs/remotes/freebsd/vendor/openzfs
420 (assuming your upstream origin is named 'freebsd').
423 Commits 17accc08ae15 and de102f870501 add new files to LinuxKPI
424 which break drm-kmod. In addition various other additions where
425 committed. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 1400015 to be able to
429 Commit ca179c4d74f2 changed the package in which the OpenSSL
430 libraries and utilities are packaged.
431 It is recommended for pkgbase user to do:
432 pkg install -f FreeBSD-openssl
433 before pkg upgrade otherwise some dependencies might not be met
434 and pkg will stop working as libssl will not be present anymore
438 Commit 875977314881 changed the internal KAPI between
439 the nfsd and nfscommon modules. As such these modules
440 need to be rebuilt from sources.
441 Without this patch in your NFSv4.1/4.2 server, enabling
442 delegations by setting vfs.nfsd.issue_delegations non-zero
446 Commit 7763814fc9c2 changed the internal KAPI between
447 the krpc and NFS. As such, the krpc, nfscommon and
448 nfscl modules must all be rebuilt from sources.
449 Without this patch, NFSv4.1/4.2 mounts should not
450 be done with the nfscbd(8) daemon running, to avoid
451 needing a working back channel for server->client RPCs.
454 Commit 01ae8969a9ee fixed the NFSv4.1/4.2 server so that it
455 handles binding of the back channel as required by RFC5661.
456 Until this patch is in your server, avoid use of the "nconnects"
457 mount option for Linux NFSv4.1/4.2 mounts.
460 For 64-bit architectures the base system is now built with Position
461 Independent Executable (PIE) support enabled by default. It may be
462 disabled using the WITHOUT_PIE knob. A clean build is required.
465 Various LinuxKPI functionality was added which conflicts with DRM.
466 Please update your drm-kmod port to after the __FreeBSD_version 1400003
470 PC Card attachments for all devices have been removed. In the case of
471 wi and cmx, the entire drivers were removed because they were only
472 PC Card devices. FreeBSD_version 1300134 should be used for this
473 since it was bumped so recently.
476 Transport-independent parts of HID support have been split off the USB
477 code in to separate subsystem. Kernel configs which include one of
478 ums, ukbd, uhid, atp, wsp, wmt, uaudio, ugold or ucycom drivers should
479 be updated with adding of "device hid" line.
482 ncurses installation has been modified to only keep the widechar
483 enabled version. Incremental build is broken for that change, so it
484 requires a clean build.
487 The FreeBSD project has migrated from Subversion to Git. Temporary
488 instructions can be found at
489 https://github.com/bsdimp/freebsd-git-docs/blob/main/src-cvt.md
490 and other documents in that repo.
493 The services database has been updated to cover more of the basic
494 services expected in a modern system. The database is big enough
495 that it will cause issues in mergemaster in Releases previous to
496 12.2 and 11.3, or in very old current systems from before r358154.
499 Obsolete in-tree GDB 6.1.1 has been removed. GDB (including kgdb)
500 may be installed from ports or packages.
503 ping6 has been merged into ping. It can now be called as "ping -6".
504 See ping(8) for details.
507 Default value of net.add_addr_allfibs has been changed to 0.
508 If you have multi-fib configuration and rely on existence of all
509 interface routes in every fib, you need to set the above sysctl to 1.
512 The internal pre-processor in the calendar(1) program has been
513 extended to support more C pre-processor commands (e.g. #ifdef, #else,
514 and #undef) and to detect unbalanced conditional statements.
515 Error messages have been extended to include the filename and line
516 number if processing stops to help fixing malformed data files.
519 All the data files for the calendar(1) program, except calendar.freebsd,
520 have been moved to the deskutils/calendar-data port, much like the
521 jewish calendar entries were moved to deskutils/hebcal years ago. After
522 make delete-old-files, you need to install it to retain full
523 functionality. calendar(1) will issue a reminder for files it can't
527 LINT files are no longer generated. We now include the relevant NOTES
528 files. Note: This may cause conflicts with updating in some cases.
529 find sys -name LINT\* -delete
530 is suggested across this commit to remove the generated LINT files.
532 If you have tried to update with generated files there, the svn
533 command you want to un-auger the tree is
536 and then do the above find from the top level. Substitute 'amd64'
537 above with where the error message indicates a conflict.
540 OpenZFS support has been integrated. Do not upgrade root pools until
541 the loader is updated to support zstd. Furthermore, we caution against
542 'zpool upgrade' for the next few weeks. The change should be transparent
543 unless you want to use new features.
545 Not all "NO_CLEAN" build scenarios work across these changes. Many
546 scenarios have been tested and fixed, but rebuilding kernels without
547 rebuilding world may fail.
549 The ZFS cache file has moved from /boot to /etc to match the OpenZFS
550 upstream default. A fallback to /boot has been added for mountroot.
552 Pool auto import behavior at boot has been moved from the kernel module
553 to an explicit "zpool import -a" in one of the rc scripts enabled by
554 zfs_enable=YES. This means your non-root zpools won't auto import until
555 you upgrade your /etc/rc.d files.
558 The resume code now notifies devd with the 'kernel' system
559 rather than the old 'kern' subsystem to be consistent with
560 other use. The old notification will be created as well, but
561 will be removed prior to FreeBSD 14.0.
564 r362275 changed the internal API between the kernel RPC and the
565 NFS modules. As such, all the modules must be recompiled from
569 r364330 modified the internal API used between the NFS modules.
570 As such, all the NFS modules must be re-compiled from sources.
573 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
574 been upgraded to 11.0.0. Please see the 20141231 entry below for
575 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
576 using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
579 r364092 modified the internal ABI used between the kernel NFS
580 modules. As such, all of these modules need to be rebuilt
581 from sources, so a version bump was done.
584 Makefile.inc has been updated to work around the issue documented in
585 20200729. It was a case where the optimization of using symbolic links
586 to point to binaries created a situation where we'd run new binaries
587 with old libraries starting midway through the installworld process.
590 r363679 has redefined some undefined behavior in regcomp(3); notably,
591 extraneous escapes of most ordinary characters will no longer be
592 accepted. An exp-run has identified all of the problems with this in
593 ports, but other non-ports software may need extra escapes removed to
594 continue to function.
596 Because of this change, installworld may encounter the following error
597 from rtld: Undefined symbol "regcomp@FBSD_1.6" -- It is imperative that
598 you do not halt installworld. Instead, let it run to completion (whether
599 successful or not) and run installworld once more.
602 A new implementation of bc and dc has been imported in r362681. This
603 implementation corrects non-conformant behavior of the previous bc
604 and adds GNU bc compatible options. It offers a number of extensions,
605 is much faster on large values, and has support for message catalogs
606 (a number of languages are already supported, contributions of further
607 languages welcome). The option WITHOUT_GH_BC can be used to build the
608 world with the previous versions of bc and dc.
611 r362639 changed the internal API used between the NFS kernel modules.
612 As such, they all need to be rebuilt from sources.
615 r362158 changed the arguments for VFS_CHECKEXP(). As such, any
616 out of tree file systems need to be modified and rebuilt.
617 Also, any file systems that are modules must be rebuilt.
620 read(2) of a directory fd is now rejected by default. root may
621 re-enable it for system root only on non-ZFS filesystems with the
622 security.bsd.allow_read_dir sysctl(8) MIB if
623 security.bsd.suser_enabled=1.
625 It may be advised to setup aliases for grep to default to `-d skip` if
626 commonly non-recursively grepping a list that includes directories and
627 the potential for the resulting stderr output is not tolerable. Example
628 aliases are now installed, commented out, in /root/.cshrc and
632 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
633 been upgraded to 10.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for
634 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
635 using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
638 Support for obsolete compilers has been removed from the build system.
639 Clang 6 and GCC 6.4 are the minimum supported versions.
642 closefrom(2) has been moved under COMPAT12, and replaced in libc with a
643 stub that calls close_range(2). If using a custom kernel configuration,
644 you may want to ensure that the COMPAT_FREEBSD12 option is included, as
645 a slightly older -CURRENT userland and older FreeBSD userlands may not
646 be functional without closefrom(2).
649 Upstream DTS from Linux 5.6 was merged and they now have the SID
650 and THS (Secure ID controller and THermal Sensor) node present.
651 The DTB overlays have now been removed from the tree for the H3/H5 and
652 A64 SoCs and the aw_sid and aw_thermal driver have been updated to
653 deal with upstream DTS. If you are using those overlays you need to
654 remove them from loader.conf and update the DTBs on the FAT partition.
657 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
658 been upgraded to 10.0.0. Please see the 20141231 entry below for
659 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
660 using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
663 The amd(8) automount daemon has been removed from the source tree.
664 As of FreeBSD 10.1 autofs(5) is the preferred tool for automounting.
665 amd is still available in the sysutils/am-utils port.
668 Removed brooktree driver (bktr.4) from the tree.
671 The WITH_GPL_DTC option has been removed. The BSD-licenced device tree
672 compiler in usr.bin/dtc is used on all architectures which use dtc, and
673 the GPL dtc is available (if needed) from the sysutils/dtc port.
676 The WITHOUT_LLVM_LIBUNWIND option has been removed. LLVM's libunwind
677 is used by all supported CPU architectures.
680 GCC 4.2.1 has been removed from the tree. The WITH_GCC,
681 WITH_GCC_BOOTSTRAP, and WITH_GNUCXX options are no longer available.
682 Users who wish to build FreeBSD with GCC must use the external toolchain
686 ncurses has been updated to a newer version (6.2-20200215). Given the ABI
687 has changed, users will have to rebuild all the ports that are linked to
691 The size of struct vnet and the magic cookie have changed.
692 Users need to recompile libkvm and all modules using VIMAGE
693 together with their new kernel.
696 Defining the long deprecated NO_CTF, NO_DEBUG_FILES, NO_INSTALLLIB,
697 NO_MAN, NO_PROFILE, and NO_WARNS variables is now an error. Update
698 your Makefiles and scripts to define MK_<var>=no instead as required.
700 One exception to this is that program or library Makefiles should
701 define MAN to empty rather than setting MK_MAN=no.
704 Clang/LLVM is now the default compiler and LLD the default
708 make universe no longer uses GCC 4.2.1 on any architectures.
709 Architectures not supported by in-tree Clang/LLVM require an
710 external toolchain package.
713 GCC 4.2.1 is now not built by default, as part of the GCC 4.2.1
714 retirement plan. Specifically, the GCC, GCC_BOOTSTRAP, and GNUCXX
715 options default to off for all supported CPU architectures. As a
716 short-term transition aid they may be enabled via WITH_* options.
717 GCC 4.2.1 is expected to be removed from the tree on 2020-03-31.
720 Support for armv5 has been disconnected and is being removed. The
721 machine combination MACHINE=arm MACHINE_ARCH=arm is no longer valid.
722 You must now use a MACHINE_ARCH of armv6 or armv7. The default
723 MACHINE_ARCH for MACHINE=arm is now armv7.
726 Clang/LLVM is now the default compiler for all powerpc architectures.
727 LLD is now the default linker for powerpc64. The change for powerpc64
728 also includes a change to the ELFv2 ABI, incompatible with the existing
732 Kernel-loadable random(4) modules are no longer unloadable.
735 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
736 been upgraded to 9.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for
737 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
738 using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
741 r355677 has modified the internal interface used between the
742 NFS modules in the kernel. As such, they must all be upgraded
743 simultaneously. I will do a version bump for this.
746 The root certificates of the Mozilla CA Certificate Store have been
747 imported into the base system and can be managed with the certctl(8)
748 utility. If you have installed the security/ca_root_nss port or package
749 with the ETCSYMLINK option (the default), be advised that there may be
750 differences between those included in the port and those included in
751 base due to differences in nss branch used as well as general update
752 frequency. Note also that certctl(8) cannot manage certs in the
753 format used by the security/ca_root_nss port.
756 The amd(8) automount daemon has been disabled by default, and will be
757 removed in the future. As of FreeBSD 10.1 the autofs(5) is available
761 The nctgpio and wbwd drivers have been moved to the superio bus.
762 If you have one of these drivers in a kernel configuration, then
763 you should add device superio to it. If you use one of these drivers
764 as a module and you compile a custom set of modules, then you should
765 add superio to the set.
768 KPIs for network drivers to access interface addresses have changed.
769 Users need to recompile NIC driver modules together with kernel.
772 The net.link.tap.user_open sysctl no longer prevents user opening of
773 already created /dev/tapNN devices. Access is still controlled by
774 node permissions, just like tun devices. The net.link.tap.user_open
775 sysctl is now used only to allow users to perform devfs cloning of
776 tap devices, and the subsequent open may not succeed if the user is not
777 in the appropriate group. This sysctl may be deprecated/removed
778 completely in the future.
781 mips, powerpc, and sparc64 are no longer built as part of
782 universe / tinderbox unless MAKE_OBSOLETE_GCC is defined. If
783 not defined, mips, powerpc, and sparc64 builds will look for
784 the xtoolchain binaries and if installed use them for universe
785 builds. As llvm 9.0 becomes vetted for these architectures, they
786 will be removed from the list.
789 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
790 been upgraded to 9.0.0. Please see the 20141231 entry below for
791 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
792 using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
795 The hpt27xx, hptmv, hptnr, and hptrr drivers have been removed from
796 GENERIC. They are available as modules and can be loaded by adding
797 to /boot/loader.conf hpt27xx_load="YES", hptmv_load="YES",
798 hptnr_load="YES", or hptrr_load="YES", respectively.
801 ntpd no longer by default locks its pages in memory, allowing them
802 to be paged out by the kernel. Use rlimit memlock to restore
803 historic BSD behaviour. For example, add "rlimit memlock 32"
804 to ntp.conf to lock up to 32 MB of ntpd address space in memory.
807 Several of ping6's options have been renamed for better consistency
808 with ping. If you use any of -ARWXaghmrtwx, you must update your
809 scripts. See ping6(8) for details.
812 The vfs.fusefs.sync_unmount and vfs.fusefs.init_backgrounded sysctls
813 and the "-o sync_unmount" and "-o init_backgrounded" mount options have
814 been removed from mount_fusefs(8). You can safely remove them from
815 your scripts, because they had no effect.
817 The vfs.fusefs.fix_broken_io, vfs.fusefs.sync_resize,
818 vfs.fusefs.refresh_size, vfs.fusefs.mmap_enable,
819 vfs.fusefs.reclaim_revoked, and vfs.fusefs.data_cache_invalidate
820 sysctls have been removed. If you felt the need to set any of them to
821 a non-default value, please tell asomers@FreeBSD.org why.
824 Default permissions on the /var/account/acct file (and copies of it
825 rotated by periodic daily scripts) are changed from 0644 to 0640
826 because the file contains sensitive information that should not be
827 world-readable. If the /var/account directory must be created by
828 rc.d/accounting, the mode used is now 0750. Admins who use the
829 accounting feature are encouraged to change the mode of an existing
830 /var/account directory to 0750 or 0700.
833 Entropy collection and the /dev/random device are no longer optional
834 components. The "device random" option has been removed.
835 Implementations of distilling algorithms can still be made loadable
836 with "options RANDOM_LOADABLE" (e.g., random_fortuna.ko).
839 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
840 been upgraded to 8.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for
841 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
842 using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
845 A fix was applied to i386 kernel modules to avoid panics with
846 dpcpu or vnet. Users need to recompile i386 kernel modules
847 having pcpu or vnet sections or they will refuse to load.
850 User-wired pages now have their own counter,
851 vm.stats.vm.v_user_wire_count. The vm.max_wired sysctl was renamed
852 to vm.max_user_wired and changed from an unsigned int to an unsigned
853 long. bhyve VMs wired with the -S are now subject to the user
854 wiring limit; the vm.max_user_wired sysctl may need to be tuned to
855 avoid running into the limit.
858 The IPSEC option has been removed from GENERIC. Users requiring
859 ipsec(4) must now load the ipsec(4) kernel module.
862 The tap(4) driver has been folded into tun(4), and the module has been
863 renamed to tuntap. You should update any kld_list="if_tap" or
864 kld_list="if_tun" entries in /etc/rc.conf, if_tap_load="YES" or
865 if_tun_load="YES" entries in /boot/loader.conf to load the if_tuntap
866 module instead, and "device tap" or "device tun" entries in kernel
867 config files to select the tuntap device instead.
870 The following knobs have been added related to tradeoffs between
871 safe use of the random device and availability in the absence of
874 kern.random.initial_seeding.bypass_before_seeding: tunable; set
875 non-zero to bypass the random device prior to seeding, or zero to
876 block random requests until the random device is initially seeded.
877 For now, set to 1 (unsafe) by default to restore pre-r346250 boot
878 availability properties.
880 kern.random.initial_seeding.read_random_bypassed_before_seeding:
881 read-only diagnostic sysctl that is set when bypass is enabled and
882 read_random(9) is bypassed, to enable programmatic handling of this
883 initial condition, if desired.
885 kern.random.initial_seeding.arc4random_bypassed_before_seeding:
886 Similar to the above, but for arc4random(9) initial seeding.
888 kern.random.initial_seeding.disable_bypass_warnings: tunable; set
889 non-zero to disable warnings in dmesg when the same conditions are
890 met as for the diagnostic sysctls above. Defaults to zero, i.e.,
891 produce warnings in dmesg when the conditions are met.
894 The loadable random module KPI has changed; the random_infra_init()
895 routine now requires a 3rd function pointer for a bool (*)(void)
896 method that returns true if the random device is seeded (and
897 therefore unblocked).
900 r345895 reverts r320698. This implies that an nfsuserd(8) daemon
901 built from head sources between r320757 (July 6, 2017) and
902 r338192 (Aug. 22, 2018) will not work unless the "-use-udpsock"
903 is added to the command line.
904 nfsuserd daemons built from head sources that are post-r338192 are
905 not affected and should continue to work.
908 The fuse(4) module has been renamed to fusefs(4) for consistency with
909 other filesystems. You should update any kld_load="fuse" entries in
910 /etc/rc.conf, fuse_load="YES" entries in /boot/loader.conf, and
911 "options FUSE" entries in kernel config files.
914 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to
915 8.0.0. Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about
916 prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0
920 geom_uzip(4) depends on the new module xz. If geom_uzip is statically
921 compiled into your custom kernel, add 'device xz' statement to the
925 drm and drm2 have been removed from the tree. Please see
926 https://wiki.freebsd.org/Graphics for the latest information on
927 migrating to the drm ports.
930 Iflib is no longer unconditionally compiled into the kernel. Drivers
931 using iflib and statically compiled into the kernel, now require
932 the 'device iflib' config option. For the same drivers loaded as
933 modules on kernels not having 'device iflib', the iflib.ko module
934 is loaded automatically.
937 The IEEE80211_AMPDU_AGE and AH_SUPPORT_AR5416 kernel configuration
938 options no longer exist since r343219 and r343427 respectively;
939 nothing uses them, so they should be just removed from custom
943 r342635 changes the way efibootmgr(8) works by requiring users to add
944 the -b (bootnum) parameter for commands where the bootnum was previously
945 specified with each option. For example 'efibootmgr -B 0001' is now
946 'efibootmgr -B -b 0001'.
949 r342286 modifies the NFSv4 server so that it obeys vfs.nfsd.nfs_privport
950 in the same as it is applied to NFSv2 and 3. This implies that NFSv4
951 servers that have vfs.nfsd.nfs_privport set will only allow mounts
952 from clients using a reserved port. Since both the FreeBSD and Linux
953 NFSv4 clients use reserved ports by default, this should not affect
957 The XLP config has been removed. We can't support 64-bit atomics in this
958 kernel because it is running in 32-bit mode. XLP users must transition
959 to running a 64-bit kernel (XLP64 or XLPN32).
961 The mips GXEMUL support has been removed from FreeBSD. MALTA* + qemu is
962 the preferred emulator today and we don't need two different ones.
964 The old sibyte / swarm / Broadcom BCM1250 support has been
965 removed from the mips port.
968 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to
969 7.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about
970 prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0
974 Remove the timed and netdate programs from the base tree. Setting
975 the time with these daemons has been obsolete for over a decade.
978 On amd64, arm64 and armv7 (architectures that install LLVM's ld.lld
979 linker as /usr/bin/ld) GNU ld is no longer installed as ld.bfd, as
980 it produces broken binaries when ifuncs are in use. Users needing
981 GNU ld should install the binutils port or package.
984 The BSD crtbegin and crtend code has been enabled by default. It has
985 had extensive testing on amd64, arm64, and i386. It can be disabled
986 by building a world with -DWITHOUT_BSD_CRTBEGIN.
989 The set of CTM commands (ctm, ctm_smail, ctm_rmail, ctm_dequeue)
990 has been converted to a port (misc/ctm) and will be removed from
991 FreeBSD-13. It is available as a package (ctm) for all supported
995 The default newsyslog.conf(5) file has been changed to only include
996 files in /etc/newsyslog.conf.d/ and /usr/local/etc/newsyslog.conf.d/ if
997 the filenames end in '.conf' and do not begin with a '.'.
999 You should check the configuration files in these two directories match
1000 this naming convention. You can verify which configuration files are
1001 being included using the command:
1005 Ports for the DRM modules have been simplified. Now, amd64 users should
1006 just install the drm-kmod port. All others should install
1009 Graphics hardware that's newer than about 2010 usually works with
1010 drm-kmod. For hardware older than 2013, however, some users will need
1011 to use drm-legacy-kmod if drm-kmod doesn't work for them. Hardware older
1012 than 2008 usually only works in drm-legacy-kmod. The graphics team can
1013 only commit to hardware made since 2013 due to the complexity of the
1014 market and difficulty to test all the older cards effectively. If you
1015 have hardware supported by drm-kmod, you are strongly encouraged to use
1016 that as you will get better support.
1018 Other than KPI chasing, drm-legacy-kmod will not be updated. As outlined
1019 elsewhere, the drm and drm2 modules will be eliminated from the src base
1020 soon (with a limited exception for arm). Please update to the package
1021 asap and report any issues to x11@freebsd.org.
1023 Generally, anybody using the drm*-kmod packages should add
1024 WITHOUT_DRM_MODULE=t and WITHOUT_DRM2_MODULE=t to avoid nasty
1025 cross-threading surprises, especially with automatic driver
1026 loading from X11 startup. These will become the defaults in 13-current
1030 The ixlv(4) driver has been renamed to iavf(4). As a consequence,
1031 custom kernel and module loading configuration files must be updated
1032 accordingly. Moreover, interfaces previous presented as ixlvN to the
1033 system are now exposed as iavfN and network configuration files must
1034 be adjusted as necessary.
1037 OpenSSL has been updated to version 1.1.1. This update included
1038 additional various API changes throughout the base system. It is
1039 important to rebuild third-party software after upgrading. The value
1040 of __FreeBSD_version has been bumped accordingly.
1043 The legacy DRM modules and drivers have now been added to the loader's
1044 module blacklist, in favor of loading them with kld_list in rc.conf(5).
1045 The module blacklist may be overridden with the loader.conf(5)
1046 'module_blacklist' variable, but loading them via rc.conf(5) is strongly
1050 The cam(4) based nda(4) driver will be used over nvd(4) by default on
1051 powerpc64. You may set 'options NVME_USE_NVD=1' in your kernel conf or
1052 loader tunable 'hw.nvme.use_nvd=1' if you wish to use the existing
1053 driver. Make sure to edit /boot/etc/kboot.conf and fstab to use the
1057 Reproducible build mode is now on by default, in preparation for
1058 FreeBSD 12.0. This eliminates build metadata such as the user,
1059 host, and time from the kernel (and uname), unless the working tree
1060 corresponds to a modified checkout from a version control system.
1061 The previous behavior can be obtained by setting the /etc/src.conf
1062 knob WITHOUT_REPRODUCIBLE_BUILD.
1065 The Yarrow CSPRNG has been removed from the kernel as it has not been
1066 supported by its designers since at least 2003. Fortuna has been the
1067 default since FreeBSD-11.
1070 devctl freeze/thaw have gone into the tree, the rc scripts have been
1071 updated to use them and devmatch has been changed. You should update
1072 kernel, userland and rc scripts all at the same time.
1075 The default interpreter has been switched from 4th to Lua.
1076 LOADER_DEFAULT_INTERP, documented in build(7), will override the default
1077 interpreter. If you have custom FORTH code you will need to set
1078 LOADER_DEFAULT_INTERP=4th (valid values are 4th, lua or simp) in
1079 src.conf for the build. This will create default hard links between
1080 loader and loader_4th instead of loader and loader_lua, the new default.
1081 If you are using UEFI it will create the proper hard link to loader.efi.
1083 bhyve uses userboot.so. It remains 4th-only until some issues are solved
1084 regarding coexisting with multiple versions of FreeBSD are resolved.
1087 ls(1) now respects the COLORTERM environment variable used in other
1088 systems and software to indicate that a colored terminal is both
1089 supported and desired. If ls(1) is suddenly emitting colors, they may
1090 be disabled again by either removing the unwanted COLORTERM from your
1091 environment, or using `ls --color=never`. The ls(1) specific CLICOLOR
1092 may not be observed in a future release.
1095 The default pager for most commands has been changed to "less". To
1096 restore the old behavior, set PAGER="more" and MANPAGER="more -s" in
1100 The jedec_ts(4) driver has been removed. A superset of its functionality
1101 is available in the jedec_dimm(4) driver, and the manpage for that
1102 driver includes migration instructions. If you have "device jedec_ts"
1103 in your kernel configuration file, it must be removed.
1106 amd64/GENERIC now has EFI runtime services, EFIRT, enabled by default.
1107 This should have no effect if the kernel is booted via BIOS/legacy boot.
1108 EFIRT may be disabled via a loader tunable, efi.rt.disabled, if a system
1109 has a buggy firmware that prevents a successful boot due to use of
1113 Atmel AT91RM9200 and AT91SAM9, Cavium CNS 11xx and XScale
1114 support has been removed from the tree. These ports were
1115 obsolete and/or known to be broken for many years.
1118 loader.efi has been augmented to participate more fully in the
1119 UEFI boot manager protocol. loader.efi will now look at the
1120 BootXXXX environment variable to determine if a specific kernel
1121 or root partition was specified. XXXX is derived from BootCurrent.
1122 efibootmgr(8) manages these standard UEFI variables.
1125 zfsloader's functionality has now been folded into loader.
1126 zfsloader is no longer necessary once you've updated your
1127 boot blocks. For a transition period, we will install a
1128 hardlink for zfsloader to loader to allow a smooth transition
1129 until the boot blocks can be updated (hard link because old
1130 zfs boot blocks don't understand symlinks).
1133 ARM64 now have efifb support, if you want to have serial console
1134 on your arm64 board when an screen is connected and the bootloader
1135 setup a frame buffer for us to use, just add :
1138 in /boot/loader.conf
1139 For Raspberry Pi 3 (RPI) users, this is needed even if you don't have
1140 an screen connected as the firmware will setup a frame buffer are that
1141 u-boot will expose as an EFI frame buffer.
1144 New uid:gid added, ntpd:ntpd (123:123). Be sure to run mergemaster
1145 or take steps to update /etc/passwd before doing installworld on
1146 existing systems. Do not skip the "mergemaster -Fp" step before
1147 installworld, as described in the update procedures near the bottom
1148 of this document. Also, rc.d/ntpd now starts ntpd(8) as user ntpd
1149 if the new mac_ntpd(4) policy is available, unless ntpd_flags or
1150 the ntp config file contain options that change file/dir locations.
1151 When such options (e.g., "statsdir" or "crypto") are used, ntpd can
1152 still be run as non-root by setting ntpd_user=ntpd in rc.conf, after
1153 taking steps to ensure that all required files/dirs are accessible
1157 Big endian arm support has been removed.
1160 The static environment setup in kernel configs is no longer mutually
1161 exclusive with the loader(8) environment by default. In order to
1162 restore the previous default behavior of disabling the loader(8)
1163 environment if a static environment is present, you must specify
1164 loader_env.disabled=1 in the static environment.
1167 The ABI of syscalls used by management tools like sockstat and
1168 netstat has been broken to allow 32-bit binaries to work on
1169 64-bit kernels without modification. These programs will need
1170 to match the kernel in order to function. External programs may
1171 require minor modifications to accommodate a change of type in
1172 structures from pointers to 64-bit virtual addresses.
1175 On i386 and amd64 atomics are now inlined. Out of tree modules using
1176 atomics will need to be rebuilt.
1179 The '%I' format in the kern.corefile sysctl limits the number of
1180 core files that a process can generate to the number stored in the
1181 debug.ncores sysctl. The '%I' format is replaced by the single digit
1182 index. Previously, if all indexes were taken the kernel would overwrite
1183 only a core file with the highest index in a filename.
1184 Currently the system will create a new core file if there is a free
1185 index or if all slots are taken it will overwrite the oldest one.
1188 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to
1189 6.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about
1190 prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0
1194 r335753 introduced a new quoting method. However, etc/devd/devmatch.conf
1195 needed to be changed to work with it. This change was made with r335763
1196 and requires a mergemaster / etcupdate / etc to update the installed
1200 r334930 changed the interface between the NFS modules, so they all
1201 need to be rebuilt. r335018 did a __FreeBSD_version bump for this.
1204 As of r334391 lld is the default amd64 system linker; it is installed
1205 as /usr/bin/ld. Kernel build workarounds (see 20180510 entry) are no
1209 The kernel / userland interface for devinfo changed, so you'll
1210 need a new kernel and userland as a pair for it to work (rebuilding
1211 lib/libdevinfo is all that's required). devinfo and devmatch will
1212 not work, but everything else will when there's a mismatch.
1215 The on-disk format for hwpmc callchain records has changed to include
1216 threadid corresponding to a given record. This changes the field offsets
1217 and thus requires that libpmcstat be rebuilt before using a kernel
1221 The vxge(4) driver has been removed. This driver was introduced into
1222 HEAD one week before the Exar left the Ethernet market and is not
1223 known to be used. If you have device vxge in your kernel config file
1227 The amd64 kernel now requires a ld that supports ifunc to produce a
1228 working kernel, either lld or a newer binutils. lld is built by default
1229 on amd64, and the 'buildkernel' target uses it automatically. However,
1230 it is not the default linker, so building the kernel the traditional
1231 way requires LD=ld.lld on the command line (or LD=/usr/local/bin/ld for
1232 binutils port/package). lld will soon be default, and this requirement
1235 NOTE: As of r334391 lld is the default system linker on amd64, and no
1236 workaround is necessary.
1239 The nxge(4) driver has been removed. This driver was for PCI-X 10g
1240 cards made by s2io/Neterion. The company was acquired by Exar and
1241 no longer sells or supports Ethernet products. If you have device
1242 nxge in your kernel config file it must be removed.
1245 The tz database (tzdb) has been updated to 2018e. This version more
1246 correctly models time stamps in time zones with negative DST such as
1247 Europe/Dublin (from 1971 on), Europe/Prague (1946/7), and
1248 Africa/Windhoek (1994/2017). This does not affect the UT offsets, only
1249 time zone abbreviations and the tm_isdst flag.
1252 The ixgb(4) driver has been removed. This driver was for an early and
1253 uncommon legacy PCI 10GbE for a single ASIC, Intel 82597EX. Intel
1254 quickly shifted to the long lived ixgbe family. If you have device
1255 ixgb in your kernel config file it must be removed.
1258 The lmc(4) driver has been removed. This was a WAN interface
1259 card that was already reportedly rare in 2003, and had an ambiguous
1260 license. If you have device lmc in your kernel config file it must
1264 Support for Arcnet networks has been removed. If you have device
1265 arcnet or device cm in your kernel config file they must be
1269 Support for FDDI networks has been removed. If you have device
1270 fddi or device fpa in your kernel config file they must be
1274 In addition to supporting RFC 3164 formatted messages, the
1275 syslogd(8) service is now capable of parsing RFC 5424 formatted
1276 log messages. The main benefit of using RFC 5424 is that clients
1277 may now send log messages with timestamps containing year numbers,
1278 microseconds and time zone offsets.
1280 Similarly, the syslog(3) C library function has been altered to
1281 send RFC 5424 formatted messages to the local system logging
1282 daemon. On systems using syslogd(8), this change should have no
1283 negative impact, as long as syslogd(8) and the C library are
1284 updated at the same time. On systems using a different system
1285 logging daemon, it may be necessary to make configuration
1286 adjustments, depending on the software used.
1288 When using syslog-ng, add the 'syslog-protocol' flag to local
1289 input sources to enable parsing of RFC 5424 formatted messages:
1292 unix-dgram("/var/run/log" flags(syslog-protocol));
1295 When using rsyslog, disable the 'SysSock.UseSpecialParser' option
1296 of the 'imuxsock' module to let messages be processed by the
1297 regular RFC 3164/5424 parsing pipeline:
1299 module(load="imuxsock" SysSock.UseSpecialParser="off")
1301 Do note that these changes only affect communication between local
1302 applications and syslogd(8). The format that syslogd(8) uses to
1303 store messages on disk or forward messages to other systems
1304 remains unchanged. syslogd(8) still uses RFC 3164 for these
1305 purposes. Options to customize this behaviour will be added in the
1306 future. Utilities that process log files stored in /var/log are
1307 thus expected to continue to function as before.
1309 __FreeBSD_version has been incremented to 1200061 to denote this
1313 Support for token ring networks has been removed. If you
1314 have "device token" in your kernel config you should remove
1315 it. No device drivers supported token ring.
1318 makefs was modified to be able to tag ISO9660 El Torito boot catalog
1319 entries as EFI instead of overloading the i386 tag as done previously.
1320 The amd64 mkisoimages.sh script used to build amd64 ISO images for
1321 release was updated to use this. This may mean that makefs must be
1322 updated before "make cdrom" can be run in the release directory. This
1323 should be as simple as:
1325 $ cd $SRCDIR/usr.sbin/makefs
1326 $ make depend all install
1329 FreeBSD boot loader enhanced with Lua scripting. It's purely opt-in for
1330 now by building WITH_LOADER_LUA and WITHOUT_FORTH in /etc/src.conf.
1331 Co-existence for the transition period will come shortly. Booting is a
1332 complex environment and test coverage for Lua-enabled loaders has been
1333 thin, so it would be prudent to assume it might not work and make
1334 provisions for backup boot methods.
1337 devmatch functionality has been turned on in devd. It will automatically
1338 load drivers for unattached devices. This may cause unexpected drivers
1339 to be loaded. Please report any problems to current@ and
1343 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to
1344 6.0.0. Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about
1345 prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0
1349 LLVM's lld linker is now used as the FreeBSD/amd64 bootstrap linker.
1350 This means it is used to link the kernel and userland libraries and
1351 executables, but is not yet installed as /usr/bin/ld by default.
1353 To revert to ld.bfd as the bootstrap linker, in /etc/src.conf set
1354 WITHOUT_LLD_BOOTSTRAP=yes
1357 On i386, pmtimer has been removed. Its functionality has been folded
1358 into apm. It was a no-op on ACPI in current for a while now (but was
1359 still needed on i386 in FreeBSD 11 and earlier). Users may need to
1360 remove it from kernel config files.
1363 The use of RSS hash from the network card aka flowid has been
1364 disabled by default for lagg(4) as it's currently incompatible with
1365 the lacp and loadbalance protocols.
1367 This can be re-enabled by setting the following in loader.conf:
1368 net.link.lagg.default_use_flowid="1"
1371 The SW_WATCHDOG option is no longer necessary to enable the
1372 hardclock-based software watchdog if no hardware watchdog is
1373 configured. As before, SW_WATCHDOG will cause the software
1374 watchdog to be enabled even if a hardware watchdog is configured.
1377 r326887 fixes the issue described in the 20171214 UPDATING entry.
1378 r326888 flips the switch back to building GELI support always.
1381 r362593 broke ZFS + GELI support for reasons unknown. However,
1382 it also broke ZFS support generally, so GELI has been turned off
1383 by default as the lesser evil in r326857. If you boot off ZFS and/or
1384 GELI, it might not be a good time to update.
1387 PowerPC users must update loader(8) by rebuilding world before
1388 installing a new kernel, as the protocol connecting them has
1389 changed. Without the update, loader metadata will not be passed
1390 successfully to the kernel and users will have to enter their
1391 root partition at the kernel mountroot prompt to continue booting.
1392 Newer versions of loader can boot old kernels without issue.
1395 The LOADER_FIREWIRE_SUPPORT build variable has been renamed to
1396 WITH/OUT_LOADER_FIREWIRE. LOADER_{NO_,}GELI_SUPPORT has been renamed
1397 to WITH/OUT_LOADER_GELI.
1400 The naive and non-compliant support of posix_fallocate(2) in ZFS
1401 has been removed as of r325320. The system call now returns EINVAL
1402 when used on a ZFS file. Although the new behavior complies with the
1403 standard, some consumers are not prepared to cope with it.
1404 One known victim is lld prior to r325420.
1407 Building in a FreeBSD src checkout will automatically create object
1408 directories now rather than store files in the current directory if
1409 'make obj' was not ran. Calling 'make obj' is no longer necessary.
1410 This feature can be disabled by setting WITHOUT_AUTO_OBJ=yes in
1411 /etc/src-env.conf (not /etc/src.conf), or passing the option in the
1415 The default MAKEOBJDIR has changed from /usr/obj/<srcdir> for native
1416 builds, and /usr/obj/<arch>/<srcdir> for cross-builds, to a unified
1417 /usr/obj/<srcdir>/<arch>. This behavior can be changed to the old
1418 format by setting WITHOUT_UNIFIED_OBJDIR=yes in /etc/src-env.conf,
1419 the environment, or with -DWITHOUT_UNIFIED_OBJDIR when building.
1420 The UNIFIED_OBJDIR option is a transitional feature that will be
1421 removed for 12.0 release; please migrate to the new format for any
1422 tools by looking up the OBJDIR used by 'make -V .OBJDIR' means rather
1423 than hardcoding paths.
1426 The native-xtools target no longer installs the files by default to the
1427 OBJDIR. Use the native-xtools-install target with a DESTDIR to install
1428 to ${DESTDIR}/${NXTP} where NXTP defaults to /nxb-bin.
1431 As part of the boot loader infrastructure cleanup, LOADER_*_SUPPORT
1432 options are changing from controlling the build if defined / undefined
1433 to controlling the build with explicit 'yes' or 'no' values. They will
1434 shift to WITH/WITHOUT options to match other options in the system.
1437 libstand has turned into a private library for sys/boot use only.
1438 It is no longer supported as a public interface outside of sys/boot.
1441 The arm port has split armv6 into armv6 and armv7. armv7 is now
1442 a valid TARGET_ARCH/MACHINE_ARCH setting. If you have an armv7 system
1443 and are running a kernel from before r324363, you will need to add
1444 MACHINE_ARCH=armv7 to 'make buildworld' to do a native build.
1447 When building multiple kernels using KERNCONF, non-existent KERNCONF
1448 files will produce an error and buildkernel will fail. Previously
1449 missing KERNCONF files silently failed giving no indication as to
1450 why, only to subsequently discover during installkernel that the
1451 desired kernel was never built in the first place.
1454 The default serial number format for CTL LUNs has changed. This will
1455 affect users who use /dev/diskid/* device nodes, or whose FibreChannel
1456 or iSCSI clients care about their LUNs' serial numbers. Users who
1457 require serial number stability should hardcode serial numbers in
1461 For 32-bit arm compiled for hard-float support, soft-floating point
1462 binaries now always get their shared libraries from
1463 LD_SOFT_LIBRARY_PATH (in the past, this was only used if
1464 /usr/libsoft also existed). Only users with a hard-float ld.so, but
1465 soft-float everything else should be affected.
1468 The geli password typed at boot is now hidden. To restore the previous
1469 behavior, see geli(8) for configuration options.
1472 Move PMTUD blackhole counters to TCPSTATS and remove them from bare
1473 sysctl values. Minor nit, but requires a rebuild of both world/kernel
1477 "make check" behavior (made in ^/head@r295380) has been changed to
1478 execute from a limited sandbox, as opposed to executing from
1482 - The "beforecheck" and "aftercheck" targets are now specified.
1483 - ${CHECKDIR} (added in commit noted above) has been removed.
1484 - Legacy behavior can be enabled by setting
1485 WITHOUT_MAKE_CHECK_USE_SANDBOX in src.conf(5) or the environment.
1487 If the limited sandbox mode is enabled, "make check" will execute
1488 "make distribution", then install, execute the tests, and clean up the
1489 sandbox if successful.
1491 The "make distribution" and "make install" targets are typically run as
1492 root to set appropriate permissions and ownership at installation time.
1493 The end-user should set "WITH_INSTALL_AS_USER" in src.conf(5) or the
1494 environment if executing "make check" with limited sandbox mode using
1495 an unprivileged user.
1498 Since the switch to GPT disk labels, fsck for UFS/FFS has been
1499 unable to automatically find alternate superblocks. As of r322297,
1500 the information needed to find alternate superblocks has been
1501 moved to the end of the area reserved for the boot block.
1502 Filesystems created with a newfs of this vintage or later
1503 will create the recovery information. If you have a filesystem
1504 created prior to this change and wish to have a recovery block
1505 created for your filesystem, you can do so by running fsck in
1506 foreground mode (i.e., do not use the -p or -y options). As it
1507 starts, fsck will ask ``SAVE DATA TO FIND ALTERNATE SUPERBLOCKS''
1508 to which you should answer yes.
1511 As of r321665, an NFSv4 server configuration that services
1512 Kerberos mounts or clients that do not support the uid/gid in
1513 owner/owner_group string capability, must explicitly enable
1514 the nfsuserd daemon by adding nfsuserd_enable="YES" to the
1515 machine's /etc/rc.conf file.
1518 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 5.0.0.
1519 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
1520 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
1523 WITHOUT_RCMDS is now the default. Set WITH_RCMDS if you need the
1524 r-commands (rlogin, rsh, etc.) to be built with the base system.
1527 The FreeBSD/powerpc platform now uses a 64-bit type for time_t. This is
1528 a very major ABI incompatible change, so users of FreeBSD/powerpc must
1529 be careful when performing source upgrades. It is best to run
1530 'make installworld' from an alternate root system, either a live
1531 CD/memory stick, or a temporary root partition. Additionally, all ports
1532 must be recompiled. powerpc64 is largely unaffected, except in the case
1533 of 32-bit compatibility. All 32-bit binaries will be affected.
1536 Forward compatibility for the "ino64" project have been committed. This
1537 will allow most new binaries to run on older kernels in a limited
1538 fashion. This prevents many of the common foot-shooting actions in the
1539 upgrade as well as the limited ability to roll back the kernel across
1540 the ino64 upgrade. Complicated use cases may not work properly, though
1541 enough simpler ones work to allow recovery in most situations.
1544 Switch back to the BSDL dtc (Device Tree Compiler). Set WITH_GPL_DTC
1545 if you require the GPL compiler.
1548 The internal ABI used for communication between the NFS kernel modules
1549 was changed by r320085, so __FreeBSD_version was bumped to
1550 ensure all the NFS related modules are updated together.
1553 The ABI of struct event was changed by extending the data
1554 member to 64bit and adding ext fields. For upgrade, same
1555 precautions as for the entry 20170523 "ino64" must be
1559 The GNU roff toolchain has been removed from base. To render manpages
1560 which are not supported by mandoc(1), man(1) can fallback on GNU roff
1561 from ports (and recommends to install it).
1562 To render roff(7) documents, consider using GNU roff from ports or the
1563 heirloom doctools roff toolchain from ports via pkg install groff or
1564 via pkg install heirloom-doctools.
1567 The ath(4) and ath_hal(4) modules now build piecemeal to allow for
1568 smaller runtime footprint builds. This is useful for embedded systems
1569 which only require one chipset support.
1571 If you load it as a module, make sure this is in /boot/loader.conf:
1575 This will load the HAL, all chip/RF backends and if_ath_pci.
1576 If you have if_ath_pci in /boot/loader.conf, ensure it is after
1577 if_ath or it will not load any HAL chipset support.
1579 If you want to selectively load things (eg on cheaper ARM/MIPS
1580 platforms where RAM is at a premium) you should:
1583 * load the chip modules in question
1584 * load ath_rate, ath_dfs
1586 * load if_ath_pci and/or if_ath_ahb depending upon your particular
1587 bus bind type - this is where probe/attach is done.
1589 For further comments/feedback, poke adrian@ .
1592 The "ino64" 64-bit inode project has been committed, which extends
1593 a number of types to 64 bits. Upgrading in place requires care and
1594 adherence to the documented upgrade procedure.
1596 If using a custom kernel configuration ensure that the
1597 COMPAT_FREEBSD11 option is included (as during the upgrade the
1598 system will be running the ino64 kernel with the existing world).
1600 For the safest in-place upgrade begin by removing previous build
1601 artifacts via "rm -rf /usr/obj/*". Then, carefully follow the full
1602 procedure documented below under the heading "To rebuild everything and
1603 install it on the current system." Specifically, a reboot is required
1604 after installing the new kernel before installing world. While an
1605 installworld normally works by accident from multiuser after rebooting
1606 the proper kernel, there are many cases where this will fail across this
1607 upgrade and installworld from single user is required.
1610 The NATM framework including the en(4), fatm(4), hatm(4), and
1611 patm(4) devices has been removed. Consumers should plan a
1612 migration before the end-of-life date for FreeBSD 11.
1615 GNU diff has been replaced by a BSD licensed diff. Some features of GNU
1616 diff has not been implemented, if those are needed a newer version of
1617 GNU diff is available via the diffutils package under the gdiff name.
1620 As of r316810 for ipfilter, keep frags is no longer assumed when
1621 keep state is specified in a rule. r316810 aligns ipfilter with
1622 documentation in man pages separating keep frags from keep state.
1623 This allows keep state to be specified without forcing keep frags
1624 and allows keep frags to be specified independently of keep state.
1625 To maintain previous behaviour, also specify keep frags with
1626 keep state (as documented in ipf.conf.5).
1629 arm64 builds now use the base system LLD 4.0.0 linker by default,
1630 instead of requiring that the aarch64-binutils port or package be
1631 installed. To continue using aarch64-binutils, set
1632 CROSS_BINUTILS_PREFIX=/usr/local/aarch64-freebsd/bin .
1635 The UDP optimization in entry 20160818 that added the sysctl
1636 net.inet.udp.require_l2_bcast has been reverted. L2 broadcast
1637 packets will no longer be treated as L3 broadcast packets.
1640 Binds and sends to the loopback addresses, IPv6 and IPv4, will now
1641 use any explicitly assigned loopback address available in the jail
1642 instead of using the first assigned address of the jail.
1645 The ctl.ko module no longer implements the iSCSI target frontend:
1646 cfiscsi.ko does instead.
1648 If building cfiscsi.ko as a kernel module, the module can be loaded
1649 via one of the following methods:
1650 - `cfiscsi_load="YES"` in loader.conf(5).
1651 - Add `cfiscsi` to `$kld_list` in rc.conf(5).
1652 - ctladm(8)/ctld(8), when compiled with iSCSI support
1653 (`WITH_ISCSI=yes` in src.conf(5))
1655 Please see cfiscsi(4) for more details.
1658 The mmcsd.ko module now additionally depends on geom_flashmap.ko.
1659 Also, mmc.ko and mmcsd.ko need to be a matching pair built from the
1660 same source (previously, the dependency of mmcsd.ko on mmc.ko was
1661 missing, but mmcsd.ko now will refuse to load if it is incompatible
1665 The syntax of ipfw(8) named states was changed to avoid ambiguity.
1666 If you have used named states in the firewall rules, you need to modify
1667 them after installworld and before rebooting. Now named states must
1668 be prefixed with colon.
1671 The old drm (sys/dev/drm/) drivers for i915 and radeon have been
1672 removed as the userland we provide cannot use them. The KMS version
1673 (sys/dev/drm2) supports the same hardware.
1676 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 4.0.0.
1677 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
1678 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
1681 The code that provides support for ZFS .zfs/ directory functionality
1682 has been reimplemented. It's not possible now to create a snapshot
1683 by mkdir under .zfs/snapshot/. That should be the only user visible
1687 EISA bus support has been removed. The WITH_EISA option is no longer
1691 MCA bus support has been removed.
1694 The WITH_LLD_AS_LD / WITHOUT_LLD_AS_LD build knobs have been renamed
1695 WITH_LLD_IS_LD / WITHOUT_LLD_IS_LD, for consistency with CLANG_IS_CC.
1698 The EM_MULTIQUEUE kernel configuration option is deprecated now that
1699 the em(4) driver conforms to iflib specifications.
1702 The igb(4), em(4) and lem(4) ethernet drivers are now implemented via
1703 IFLIB. If you have a custom kernel configuration that excludes em(4)
1704 but you use igb(4), you need to re-add em(4) to your custom
1708 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 3.9.1.
1709 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
1710 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
1713 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 3.9.0.
1714 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
1715 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
1718 The layout of the pmap structure has changed for powerpc to put the pmap
1719 statistics at the front for all CPU variations. libkvm(3) and all tools
1720 that link against it need to be recompiled.
1723 isl(4) and cyapa(4) drivers now require a new driver,
1724 chromebook_platform(4), to work properly on Chromebook-class hardware.
1725 On other types of hardware the drivers may need to be configured using
1726 device hints. Please see the corresponding manual pages for details.
1729 The urtwn(4) driver was merged into rtwn(4) and now consists of
1730 rtwn(4) main module + rtwn_usb(4) and rtwn_pci(4) bus-specific
1732 Also, firmware for RTL8188CE was renamed due to possible name
1733 conflict (rtwnrtl8192cU(B) -> rtwnrtl8192cE(B))
1736 GNU rcs has been removed from base. It is available as packages:
1737 - rcs: Latest GPLv3 GNU rcs version.
1738 - rcs57: Copy of the latest version of GNU rcs (GPLv2) before it was
1742 Use of the cc_cdg, cc_chd, cc_hd, or cc_vegas congestion control
1743 modules now requires that the kernel configuration contain the
1744 TCP_HHOOK option. (This option is included in the GENERIC kernel.)
1747 The WITHOUT_ELFCOPY_AS_OBJCOPY src.conf(5) knob has been retired.
1748 ELF Tool Chain's elfcopy is always installed as /usr/bin/objcopy.
1751 Relocatable object files with the extension of .So have been renamed
1752 to use an extension of .pico instead. The purpose of this change is
1753 to avoid a name clash with shared libraries on case-insensitive file
1754 systems. On those file systems, foo.So is the same file as foo.so.
1757 GNU rcs has been turned off by default. It can (temporarily) be built
1758 again by adding WITH_RCS knob in src.conf.
1759 Otherwise, GNU rcs is available from packages:
1760 - rcs: Latest GPLv3 GNU rcs version.
1761 - rcs57: Copy of the latest version of GNU rcs (GPLv2) from base.
1764 The backup_uses_rcs functionality has been removed from rc.subr.
1767 The queue(3) debugging macro, QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG, has been split into
1768 two separate components, QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG_TRACE and
1769 QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG_TRASH. Define both for the original
1770 QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG behavior.
1773 r304787 changed some ioctl interfaces between the iSCSI userspace
1774 programs and the kernel. ctladm, ctld, iscsictl, and iscsid must be
1775 rebuilt to work with new kernels. __FreeBSD_version has been bumped
1779 The UDP receive code has been updated to only treat incoming UDP
1780 packets that were addressed to an L2 broadcast address as L3
1781 broadcast packets. It is not expected that this will affect any
1782 standards-conforming UDP application. The new behaviour can be
1783 disabled by setting the sysctl net.inet.udp.require_l2_bcast to
1787 Remove the openbsd_poll system call.
1788 __FreeBSD_version has been bumped because of this.
1791 The stable/11 branch has been created from head@r302406.
1793 After branch N is created, entries older than the N-2 branch point are removed
1794 from this file. After stable/14 is branched and current becomes FreeBSD 15,
1795 entries older than stable/12 branch point will be removed from current's
1802 Sometimes, obscure build problems are the result of environment
1803 poisoning. This can happen because the make utility reads its
1804 environment when searching for values for global variables. To run
1805 your build attempts in an "environmental clean room", prefix all make
1806 commands with 'env -i '. See the env(1) manual page for more details.
1807 Occasionally a build failure will occur with "make -j" due to a race
1808 condition. If this happens try building again without -j, and please
1809 report a bug if it happens consistently.
1811 When upgrading from one major version to another it is generally best to
1812 upgrade to the latest code in the currently installed branch first, then
1813 do an upgrade to the new branch. This is the best-tested upgrade path,
1814 and has the highest probability of being successful. Please try this
1815 approach if you encounter problems with a major version upgrade. Since
1816 the stable 4.x branch point, one has generally been able to upgrade from
1817 anywhere in the most recent stable branch to head / current (or even the
1818 last couple of stable branches). See the top of this file when there's
1821 The update process will emit an error on an attempt to perform a build
1822 or install from a FreeBSD version below the earliest supported version.
1823 When updating from an older version the update should be performed one
1824 major release at a time, including running `make delete-old` at each
1827 When upgrading a live system, having a root shell around before
1828 installing anything can help undo problems. Not having a root shell
1829 around can lead to problems if pam has changed too much from your
1830 starting point to allow continued authentication after the upgrade.
1832 This file should be read as a log of events. When a later event changes
1833 information of a prior event, the prior event should not be deleted.
1834 Instead, a pointer to the entry with the new information should be
1835 placed in the old entry. Readers of this file should also sanity check
1836 older entries before relying on them blindly. Authors of new entries
1837 should write them with this in mind.
1841 When upgrading the boot ZFS pool to a new version (via zpool upgrade),
1842 always follow these three steps:
1844 1) recompile and reinstall the ZFS boot loader and boot block
1845 (this is part of "make buildworld" and "make installworld")
1847 2) update the ZFS boot block on your boot drive (only required when
1848 doing a zpool upgrade):
1850 When booting on x86 via BIOS, use the following to update the ZFS boot
1851 block on the freebsd-boot partition of a GPT partitioned drive ada0:
1852 gpart bootcode -p /boot/gptzfsboot -i $N ada0
1853 The value $N will typically be 1. For EFI booting, see EFI notes.
1855 3) zpool upgrade the root pool. New bootblocks will work with old
1856 pools, but not vice versa, so they need to be updated before any
1859 Non-boot pools do not need these updates.
1864 There are two locations the boot loader can be installed into. The
1865 current location (and the default) is \efi\freebsd\loader.efi and using
1866 efibootmgr(8) to configure it. The old location, that must be used on
1867 deficient systems that don't honor efibootmgr(8) protocols, is the
1868 fallback location of \EFI\BOOT\BOOTxxx.EFI. Generally, you will copy
1869 /boot/loader.efi to this location, but on systems installed a long time
1870 ago the ESP may be too small and /boot/boot1.efi may be needed unless
1871 the ESP has been expanded in the meantime.
1873 Recent systems will have the ESP mounted on /boot/efi, but older ones
1874 may not have it mounted at all, or mounted in a different
1875 location. Older arm SD images with MBR used /boot/msdos as the
1876 mountpoint. The ESP is a MSDOS filesystem.
1878 The EFI boot loader rarely needs to be updated. For ZFS booting,
1879 however, you must update loader.efi before you do 'zpool upgrade' the
1880 root zpool, otherwise the old loader.efi may reject the upgraded zpool
1881 since it does not automatically understand some new features.
1883 See loader.efi(8) and uefi(8) for more details.
1887 If you are updating from a prior version of FreeBSD (even one just
1888 a few days old), you should follow this procedure. It is the most
1889 failsafe as it uses a /usr/obj tree with a fresh mini-buildworld,
1891 make kernel-toolchain
1892 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1893 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1895 To test a kernel once
1896 ---------------------
1897 If you just want to boot a kernel once (because you are not sure
1898 if it works, or if you want to boot a known bad kernel to provide
1899 debugging information) run
1900 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE KODIR=/boot/testkernel
1901 nextboot -k testkernel
1903 To rebuild everything and install it on the current system.
1904 -----------------------------------------------------------
1905 # Note: sometimes if you are running current you gotta do more than
1906 # is listed here if you are upgrading from a really old current.
1908 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
1910 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1911 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1913 <reboot in single user> [3]
1920 To cross-install current onto a separate partition
1921 --------------------------------------------------
1922 # In this approach we use a separate partition to hold
1923 # current's root, 'usr', and 'var' directories. A partition
1924 # holding "/", "/usr" and "/var" should be about 2GB in
1927 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
1930 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1931 <maybe newfs current's root partition>
1932 <mount current's root partition on directory ${CURRENT_ROOT}>
1933 make installworld DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} -DDB_FROM_SRC
1934 make distribution DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} # if newfs'd
1935 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT}
1936 cp /etc/fstab ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab # if newfs'd
1937 <edit ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab to mount "/" from the correct partition>
1938 <reboot into current>
1939 <do a "native" rebuild/install as described in the previous section>
1940 <maybe install compatibility libraries from ports/misc/compat*>
1944 To upgrade in-place from stable to current
1945 ----------------------------------------------
1946 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
1948 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE [8]
1949 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1951 <reboot in single user> [3]
1958 Make sure that you've read the UPDATING file to understand the
1959 tweaks to various things you need. At this point in the life
1960 cycle of current, things change often and you are on your own
1961 to cope. The defaults can also change, so please read ALL of
1962 the UPDATING entries.
1964 Also, if you are tracking -current, you must be subscribed to
1965 freebsd-current@freebsd.org. Make sure that before you update
1966 your sources that you have read and understood all the recent
1967 messages there. If in doubt, please track -stable which has
1968 much fewer pitfalls.
1970 [1] If you have third party modules, such as vmware, you should disable
1971 them at this point so they don't crash your system on
1972 reboot. Alternatively, you should rebuild all the modules you have in
1973 your system and install them as well. If you are running -current, you
1974 should seriously consider placing all sources to all the modules for
1975 your system (or symlinks to them) in /usr/local/sys/modules so this
1976 happens automatically. If all your modules come from ports, then adding
1977 the port origin directories to PORTS_MODULES instead is also automatic
1979 PORTS_MODULES+=x11/nvidia-driver
1981 [3] From the bootblocks, boot -s, and then do
1985 sh /etc/rc.d/zfs start # mount zfs filesystem, if needed
1986 cd src # full path to source
1987 adjkerntz -i # if CMOS is wall time
1988 Also, when doing a major release upgrade, it is required that you boot
1989 into single user mode to do the installworld.
1991 [4] Note: This step is non-optional. Failure to do this step
1992 can result in a significant reduction in the functionality of the
1993 system. Attempting to do it by hand is not recommended and those
1994 that pursue this avenue should read this file carefully, as well
1995 as the archives of freebsd-current and freebsd-hackers mailing lists
1996 for potential gotchas. See etcupdate(8) for more information.
1998 [5] Usually this step is a no-op. However, from time to time
1999 you may need to do this if you get unknown user in the following
2002 [6] This only deletes old files and directories. Old libraries
2003 can be deleted by "make delete-old-libs", but you have to make
2004 sure that no program is using those libraries anymore.
2006 [8] The new kernel must be able to run existing binaries used by an
2007 installworld. When upgrading across major versions, the new kernel's
2008 configuration must include the correct COMPAT_FREEBSD<n> option for
2009 existing binaries (e.g. COMPAT_FREEBSD11 to run 11.x binaries). Failure
2010 to do so may leave you with a system that is hard to boot to recover. A
2011 GENERIC kernel will include suitable compatibility options to run
2012 binaries from older branches. Note that the ability to run binaries
2013 from unsupported branches is not guaranteed.
2015 Make sure that you merge any new devices from GENERIC since the
2016 last time you updated your kernel config file. Options also
2017 change over time, so you may need to adjust your custom kernels
2020 [9] If CPUTYPE is defined in your /etc/make.conf, make sure to use the
2021 "?=" instead of the "=" assignment operator, so that buildworld can
2022 override the CPUTYPE if it needs to.
2024 MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX must be defined in an environment variable, and
2025 not on the command line, or in /etc/make.conf. buildworld will
2026 warn if it is improperly defined.
2029 This file contains a list, in reverse chronological order, of major
2030 breakages in tracking -current. It is not guaranteed to be a complete
2031 list of such breakages, and only contains entries since September 23, 2011.
2032 If you need to see UPDATING entries from before that date, you will need
2033 to fetch an UPDATING file from an older FreeBSD release.
2035 Copyright information:
2037 Copyright 1998-2009 M. Warner Losh <imp@FreeBSD.org>
2039 Redistribution, publication, translation and use, with or without
2040 modification, in full or in part, in any form or format of this
2041 document are permitted without further permission from the author.
2043 THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED BY WARNER LOSH ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
2044 IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED
2045 WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE
2046 DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL WARNER LOSH BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT,
2047 INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES
2048 (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR
2049 SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
2050 HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT,
2051 STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING
2052 IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
2053 POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
2055 Contact Warner Losh if you have any questions about your use of