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4 <!ENTITY % release PUBLIC "-//FreeBSD//ENTITIES Release Specification//EN" "release.ent">
6 <!ENTITY % sponsor PUBLIC "-//FreeBSD//ENTITIES Sponsor Specification//EN" "sponsor.ent">
8 <!ENTITY % vendor PUBLIC "-//FreeBSD//ENTITIES Vendor Specification//EN" "vendor.ent">
10 <!ENTITY security SYSTEM "../../share/xml/security.xml">
11 <!ENTITY errata SYSTEM "../../share/xml/errata.xml">
13 <article xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook"
14 xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" version="5.0">
17 <title>&os; &release.current; Release Notes</title>
20 <orgname>The &os; Project</orgname>
23 <pubdate>$FreeBSD$</pubdate>
25 <!-- Last rev: 284814 -->
29 <holder role="mailto:doc@FreeBSD.org">The &os; Documentation
33 <legalnotice xml:id="trademarks" role="trademarks">
43 <para>The release notes for &os; &release.current; contain
44 a summary of the changes made to the &os; base system on the
45 &release.branch; development line. This document lists
46 applicable security advisories that were issued since the last
47 release, as well as significant changes to the &os; kernel and
48 userland. Some brief remarks on upgrading are also
53 <sect1 xml:id="intro">
54 <title>Introduction</title>
56 <para>This document contains the release notes for &os;
57 &release.current;. It describes recently added, changed, or
58 deleted features of &os;. It also provides some notes on
59 upgrading from previous versions of &os;.</para>
61 <para releasetype="current">The &release.type; distribution to
62 which these release notes apply represents the latest point
63 along the &release.branch; development branch since
64 &release.branch; was created. Information regarding pre-built,
65 binary &release.type; distributions along this branch can be
67 xlink:href="&release.url;">&release.url;</uri>.</para>
69 <para releasetype="snapshot">The &release.type; distribution to
70 which these release notes apply represents a point along the
71 &release.branch; development branch between &release.prev; and
72 the future &release.next;. Information regarding pre-built,
73 binary &release.type; distributions along this branch can be
75 xlink:href="&release.url;">&release.url;</uri>.</para>
77 <para releasetype="release">This distribution of &os;
78 &release.current; is a &release.type; distribution. It can be
79 found at <uri xlink:href="&release.url;">&release.url;</uri> or
80 any of its mirrors. More information on obtaining this (or
81 other) &release.type; distributions of &os; can be found in the
83 xlink:href="&url.books.handbook;/mirrors.html"><quote>Obtaining
84 &os;</quote> appendix</link> to the <link
85 xlink:href="&url.books.handbook;/">&os;
86 Handbook</link>.</para>
88 <para>All users are encouraged to consult the release errata
89 before installing &os;. The errata document is updated with
90 <quote>late-breaking</quote> information discovered late in the
91 release cycle or after the release. Typically, it contains
92 information on known bugs, security advisories, and corrections
93 to documentation. An up-to-date copy of the errata for &os;
94 &release.current; can be found on the &os; Web site.</para>
96 <para>This document describes the most user-visible new or changed
97 features in &os; since &release.prev;. In general, changes
98 described here are unique to the &release.branch; branch unless
99 specifically marked as &merged; features.</para>
101 <para>Typical release note items document recent security
102 advisories issued after &release.prev;, new drivers or hardware
103 support, new commands or options, major bug fixes, or
104 contributed software upgrades. They may also list changes to
105 major ports/packages or release engineering practices. Clearly
106 the release notes cannot list every single change made to &os;
107 between releases; this document focuses primarily on security
108 advisories, user-visible changes, and major architectural
112 <sect1 xml:id="upgrade">
113 <title>Upgrading from Previous Releases of &os;</title>
115 <para arch="amd64,i386">Binary upgrades between RELEASE versions
116 (and snapshots of the various security branches) are supported
117 using the &man.freebsd-update.8; utility. The binary upgrade
118 procedure will update unmodified userland utilities, as well as
119 unmodified GENERIC kernels distributed as a part of an official
120 &os; release. The &man.freebsd-update.8; utility requires that
121 the host being upgraded have Internet connectivity.</para>
123 <para>Source-based upgrades (those based on recompiling the &os;
124 base system from source code) from previous versions are
125 supported, according to the instructions in
126 <filename>/usr/src/UPDATING</filename>.</para>
129 <para>Upgrading &os; should only be attempted after backing up
130 <emphasis>all</emphasis> data and configuration files.</para>
134 <sect1 xml:id="security-errata">
135 <title>Security and Errata</title>
137 <para>This section lists the various Security Advisories and
138 Errata Notices since &release.prev;.</para>
140 <sect2 xml:id="security">
141 <title>Security Advisories</title>
146 <sect2 xml:id="errata">
147 <title>Errata Notices</title>
153 <sect1 xml:id="userland">
154 <title>Userland</title>
156 <para>This section covers changes and additions to userland
157 applications, contributed software, and system utilities.</para>
159 <sect2 xml:id="userland-config">
160 <title>Userland Configuration Changes</title>
162 <para revision="266463">The default &man.newsyslog.conf.5; now
163 includes files in the
164 <filename>/etc/newsyslog.conf.d/</filename> and
165 <filename>/usr/local/etc/newsyslog.conf.d/</filename>
166 directories by default for &man.newsyslog.8;.</para>
168 <para revision="270675">The &man.mailwrapper.8; utility has been
169 updated to use &man.mailer.conf.5; from the
170 <literal>LOCALBASE</literal> environment variable, which
171 defaults to <filename class="directory">/usr/local</filename>
174 <para revision="272350">The <literal>MK_ARM_EABI</literal>
175 &man.src.conf.5; option has been removed.</para>
177 <para revision="285169">The <application>ntp</application> suite
178 has been updated to version 4.2.8p3.</para>
181 <sect2 xml:id="userland-programs">
182 <title>Userland Application Changes</title>
184 <para revision="258838" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ff;,
185 &google;" sponsorurl="">The &man.casperd.8; daemon has been
186 added, which provides access to functionality that is not
187 available in the <quote>capability mode</quote>
190 <para revision="260594">When unable to load a kernel module with
191 &man.kldload.8;, a message informing to view output of
192 &man.dmesg.8; is now printed, opposed to the previous output
193 <quote>Exec format error.</quote>.</para>
195 <para revision="260910">Allow &man.pciconf.8; to identify PCI
196 devices that are attached to a driver to be identified by
197 their device name instead of just the selector. Additionally,
198 an optional device argument to the <literal>-l</literal> flag
199 to restrict the output to only listing details about a single
202 <para revision="260913">A new flag, <quote>onifconsole</quote>
203 has been added to <filename>/etc/ttys</filename>. This allows
204 the system to provide a login prompt via serial console if the
205 device is an active kernel console, otherwise it is equivalent
206 to <literal>off</literal>.</para>
208 <para revision="260926">Support for displaying VPD for PCI
209 devices via &man.pciconf.8; has been added.</para>
211 <para revision="261498">&man.ping.8; protects against malicious
212 network packets using the Capsicum framework to drop
215 <para revision="265229">The &man.ps.1; utility has been
216 updated to include the <literal>-J</literal> flag, used to
217 filter output by matching &man.jail.8; IDs and names.
218 Additionally, argument <literal>0</literal> can be used to
219 <literal>-J</literal> to only list processes running on the
222 <para revision="265249">The &man.top.1; utility has been updated
223 to filter by &man.jail.8; ID or name, in followup to the
224 &man.ps.1; change in <literal>r265229</literal>.</para>
226 <para revision="266209">The &man.pmcstat.8; utility has been
227 updated to include a new flag, <literal>-l</literal>, which
228 ends event collection after the specified number of
231 <para revision="270745">The &man.ps.1; utility has been updated
232 to include a new keyword, <quote>tracer</quote>, which
233 displays the <acronym>PID</acronym> of the tracing
236 <para revision="271482">Support for adding empty partitions has
237 been added to the &man.mkimg.1; utility.</para>
239 <para revision="272166">The &man.primes.6; utility has been
240 updated to correctly enumerate prime numbers between
241 <literal>4295098369</literal> and
242 <literal>3825123056546413050</literal>, which prior to this
243 change, it would be possible for returned values to be
244 incorrectly identified as prime numbers.</para>
246 <para revision="272198">The &man.mkimg.1; utility has been
247 updated to include three options used to print information
248 about &man.mkimg.1; itself:</para>
250 <informaltable frame="none" pgwide="0">
252 <colspec colwidth="1*"/>
253 <colspec colwidth="1*"/>
256 <entry>Option</entry>
257 <entry>Output</entry>
263 <entry><literal>--version</literal></entry>
264 <entry>The current version of the &man.mkimg.1;
269 <entry><literal>--formats</literal></entry>
270 <entry>The disk image file formats supported by
271 &man.mkimg.1;</entry>
275 <entry><literal>--schemes</literal></entry>
276 <entry>The partition schemes supported by
277 &man.mkimg.1;</entry>
283 <para revision="272488">Userland &man.ctf.5; support in
284 &man.dtrace.1; has been added. With this change,
285 &man.dtrace.1; is able to resolve type info for function and
286 <acronym>USDT</acronym> probe arguments, and function return
289 <para revision="274960">The &man.elfdump.1; utility has been
290 updated to support capability mode provided by
291 &man.capsicum.4;.</para>
293 <para revision="275680" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ff;">The
294 &man.fstyp.8; utility has been added, which is used to
295 determine the filesystem on a specified device.</para>
297 <para revision="276881">The <literal>libedit</literal> library
298 has been updated to support <acronym>UTF</acronym>-8, which
299 additionally provides unicode support to &man.sh.1;.</para>
301 <para revision="276893" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ff;">The
302 &man.mkimg.1; utility has been updated to support the
303 <acronym>MBR</acronym> <acronym>EFI</acronym> partition
306 <para revision="277166" arch="powerpc">The &man.ptrace.2; system
307 call has been updated include support for Altivec registers on
308 &os;/&arch.powerpc;.</para>
310 <para revision="278320">A new device control utility,
311 &man.devctl.8; has been added, which allows making
312 administrative changes to individual devices, such as
313 attaching and detaching drivers, and enabling and disabling
314 devices. The &man.devctl.8; utility uses the new
315 &man.devctl.3; library.</para>
317 <para revision="279122" contrib="sponsor"
318 sponsor="&juniper;">The &man.netstat.1; utility has been
319 updated to link against the &man.libxo.3; shared
322 <para revision="279139">A new flag, <literal>-c</literal>, has
323 been added to the &man.mkimg.1; utility, which allows
324 specifying the capacity of the target disk image.</para>
326 <para revision="279315" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ff;">The
327 &man.uefisign.8; utility has been added.</para>
329 <para revision="279571" contrib="sponsor"
330 sponsor="&scaleengine;">The &man.freebsd-update.8; utility has
331 been updated to prevent fetching updated binary patches when
332 a previous upgrade has not been thoroughly completed.</para>
334 <para revision="280870">A regression in the &man.libarchive.3;
335 library that would prevent a directory from being included in
336 the archive when <literal>--one-file-system</literal> is used
337 has been fixed.</para>
339 <para revision="281311" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ff;">The
340 &man.ar.1; utility has been updated to set
341 <literal>ARCHIVE_EXTRACT_SECURE_SYMLINKS</literal> and
342 <literal>ARCHIVE_EXTRACT_SECURE_NODOTDOT</literal> to disallow
343 directory traversal when extracting an archive, similar to
346 <para revision="281617">A race condition in &man.wc.1; that
347 would cause final results to be sent to &man.stderr.4; when
348 receiving the <literal>SIGINFO</literal> signal has been
351 <para revision="282208" contrib="sponsor"
352 sponsor="&multiplay;">The &man.chflags.1;, &man.chgrp.1;,
353 &man.chmod.1;, and &man.chown.8; utilities now affect symbolic
354 links when the <literal>-R</literal> flag is specified, as
355 documented in &man.symlink.7;.</para>
357 <para revision="282608">The &man.date.1; utility has been
358 updated to print the modification time of the file passed as
359 an argument to the <literal>-r</literal> flag, improving
360 compatibility with the <acronym>GNU</acronym> &man.date.1;
361 utility behavior.</para>
363 <para revision="283961">The &man.pw.8; utility has been updated
364 with a new flag, <literal>-R</literal>, that sets the root
365 directory within which the utility will operate.</para>
367 <para revision="284297" contrib="sponsor"
368 sponsor="&clusterhq;">The &man.lockstat.1; utility has been
369 updated with several improvements:</para>
373 <para>Spin locks are now reported as the amount of time
374 spinning, instead of loop iterations.</para>
378 <para>Reader locks are now recognized as adaptive that can
383 <para>Lock aquisition events for successful reader try-lock
384 events are now reported.</para>
388 <para>Spin and block events are now reported before lock
389 acquisition events.</para>
393 <para revision="284589" contrib="sponsor"
394 sponsor="&scaleengine;">The &man.fstyp.8; utility has been
395 updated to be able to detect &man.zfs.8; and &man.geli.8;
398 <para revision="284883">The &man.mkimg.1; utility has been
399 updated to include support for <literal>NTFS</literal>
400 filesystems in both <acronym>MBR</acronym> and
401 <acronym>GPT</acronym> partitioning schemes.</para>
403 <para revision="285253">The &man.quota.1; utility has been
404 updated to include support for <acronym>IPv6</acronym>.</para>
406 <para revision="285550">The &man.w.1; utility has been updated
407 to display the full IPv6 remote address of the host from which
408 a user is connected.</para>
411 <sect2 xml:id="userland-contrib">
412 <title>Contributed Software</title>
414 <para revision="258884" contrib="sponsor"
415 sponsor="&darpa_afrl;">&man.lldb.1; has been updated to
416 upstream snapshot version r196259.</para>
418 <para revision="260445">&man.byacc.1; has been updated to
419 version 20140101.</para>
421 <para revision="261071">&man.jemalloc.3; has been updated to
422 version 3.5.0.</para>
424 <para revision="261283"><application>libc++</application> has
425 been updated to version 3.4.</para>
427 <para revision="261320"><application>OpenSSH</application> has
428 been updated to 6.5p1.</para>
430 <para revision="261344"><application>mdocml</application> has
431 been updated to version 1.12.3.</para>
433 <para revision="261991"><application>LLVM</application> and
434 <application>Clang</application> have been updated to
437 <para revision="275718">The <application>binutils</application>
438 suite of utilities has been updated to include upstream
439 patches that add new relocations for &arch.powerpc;
442 <para revision="276398" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ff;">The
443 <application>ELF Tool Chain</application> has been updated to
444 upstream revision r3136.</para>
446 <para revision="276551">The <application>texinfo</application>
447 utility and <literal>info</literal> pages were removed from
448 the base system. The <filename
449 role="package">print/texinfo</filename> port should be
450 installed on systems where <literal>info</literal> pages are
453 <para revision="276796" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ff;">The ELF
454 object manipulation tools
455 <application>addr2line</application>,
456 <application>elfcopy (strip)</application>,
457 <application>nm</application>,
458 <application>readelf</application>,
459 <application>size</application>, and
460 <application>strings</application> were switched to the
461 versions from the ELF Tool Chain project.</para>
463 <para revision="276881">The <literal>libedit</literal> library
464 has been updated to include <acronym>UTF-8</acronym> support,
465 adding <acronym>UTF-8</acronym> support to the &man.sh.1;
468 <para revision="278433">The &man.xz.1; utility has been updated
469 to support multi-threaded compression.</para>
471 <para revision="280932" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ff;">The
472 <application>elftoolchain</application> utilities have been
473 updated to version 3179.</para>
475 <para revision="281316">The &man.xz.1; utility has been updated
476 to version 5.2.1.</para>
478 <para revision="281373">The &man.nvi.1; utility has been updated
479 to version 2.1.3.</para>
481 <para revision="281806">The &man.wpa.supplicant.8; and
482 &man.hostapd.8; utilities have been updated to version
485 <para revision="282089">The &man.unbound.8; utility has been
486 updated to version 1.5.3.</para>
488 <para revision="282434" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ff;">The
489 &man.resolvconf.8; utility has been updated to version
492 <para revision="282613">The &man.nc.1; utility has been updated
493 to the OpenBSD 5.7 version.</para>
495 <para revision="283092">The &man.acpi.4; subsystem has been
496 updated to version 20150515.</para>
498 <para revision="284237">The &man.file.1; utility has been
499 updated to version 5.23.</para>
501 <para revision="284254"><application>bmake</application> has
502 been updated to version 20150606.</para>
504 <para revision="284397">Timezone data files have been updated to
505 version 2015e.</para>
507 <para revision="285229"><application>sendmail</application> has
508 been updated to 8.15.2. Starting with &os; 11.0 and
509 sendmail 8.15, sendmail uses uncompressed IPv6 addresses by
510 default, i.e., they will not contain <quote>::</quote>. For
511 example, instead of <quote>::1</quote>, it will be
512 <quote>0:0:0:0:0:0:0:1</quote>. This permits a zero subnet to
513 have a more specific match, such as different map entries for
514 IPv6:0:0 versus IPv6:0. This change requires that
515 configuration data (including maps, files, classes, custom
516 ruleset, etc.) must use the same format, so make certain such
517 configuration data is upgrading. As a very simple check
518 search for patterns like 'IPv6:[0-9a-fA-F:]*::' and 'IPv6::'.
519 To return to the old behavior, set the m4 option
520 <literal>confUSE_COMPRESSED_IPV6_ADDRESSES</literal> or the cf
521 option <literal>UseCompressedIPv6Addresses</literal>.</para>
523 <para revision="285275">The &man.tcpdump.1; utility has been
524 updated to version 4.7.4.</para>
526 <para revision="285329"><application>OpenSSL</application> has
527 been updated to version 1.0.1p.</para>
529 <para revision="285642" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&dell;">The
530 &man.ssh.1; utility has been updated to re-implement hostname
531 canonicalization before locating the host in
532 <filename>known_hosts</filename>.</para>
535 <sect2 xml:id="userland-installer">
536 <title>Installation and Configuration Tools</title>
538 <para revision="271539">The &man.bsdinstall.8; partition editor
539 and &man.sade.8; utility have been updated to include native
540 <acronym>ZFS</acronym> support.</para>
542 <para revision="272274">The &os; installation utility,
543 &man.bsdinstall.8;, has been updated to set the
544 <literal>canmount</literal> &man.zfs.8; property to
545 <literal>off</literal> for the <filename
546 class="directory">/var</filename> dataset, preventing the
547 contents of directories within <filename
548 class="directory">/var</filename> from conflicting when
549 using multiple boot environments, such as that provided by
550 <filename role="package">sysutils/beadm</filename>.</para>
552 <para revision="274394">The &man.bsdconfig.8; utility has been
553 updated to skip the initial &man.tzsetup.8;
554 <acronym>UTC</acronym> versus wall-clock time prompt when run
555 in a virtual machine, determined when the
556 <literal>kern.vm_guest</literal> &man.sysctl.8; is set to
557 <literal>1</literal>.</para>
559 <para revision="275874">The &man.bsdinstall.8; utility has been
560 updated to use the new &man.dpv.3; library to display progress
561 when extracting the &os; distributions.</para>
563 <para revision="285557" contrib="sponsor"
564 sponsor="&scaleengine;">Support for detecting and implementing
565 aligning partitions on 1Mb boundaries has been added to
566 &man.bsdinstall.8;.</para>
568 <para revision="285679" contrib="sponsor"
569 sponsor="&scaleengine;">Support for detecting and implementing
570 a workaround for various laptops and motherboards that do not
571 boot properly from <acronym>GPT</acronym>-partitioned disks
572 has been added to &man.bsdinstall.8;. Additionally, the
573 <literal>active</literal> flag will be set on the partition
576 <para revision="285679" contrib="sponsor"
577 sponsor="&scaleengine;">Support for selecting the partitioning
578 scheme when installing on the <acronym>UFS</acronym>
579 filesystem has been added to &man.bsdinstall.8;.</para>
582 <sect2 xml:id="userland-rc">
583 <title><filename class="directory">/etc/rc.d</filename>
586 <para revision="270676">The &man.rc.8; subsystem has been
587 updated to allow configuring services in <filename
588 class="directory">${LOCALBASE}/etc/rc.conf.d/</filename>.
589 If <literal>LOCALBASE</literal> is unset, it defaults to
590 <filename class="directory">/usr/local</filename>.</para>
592 <para revision="273955">A new &man.rc.8; script,
593 <filename>growfs</filename>, has been added, which will resize
594 the root filesystem on boot if <filename>/firstboot</filename>
597 <para revision="275299">The <filename>mrouted</filename>
598 &man.rc.8; script has been removed from the base system. An
599 equivalent script is available from the <filename
600 role="package">net/mrouted</filename> port.</para>
602 <para revision="279463" contrib="sponsor"
603 sponsor="&sandvine;">A new &man.rc.8; script,
604 <filename>iovctl</filename>, has been added, which allows
605 automatically starting the &man.iovctl.8; utility at
609 <sect2 xml:id="userland-periodic">
610 <title><filename class="directory">/etc/periodic</filename>
613 <para revision="271321">The daily &man.periodic.8; script
614 <filename>110.clean-tmps</filename> has been updated to avoid
615 crossing filesystem mount boundaries when cleaning files in
616 <filename class="directory">/tmp</filename>.</para>
618 <para revision="277216" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ff;">A new
619 &man.periodic.8; script,
620 <filename>510.status-world-kernel</filename>, has been added,
621 which evaluates the running userland and kernel versions from
622 the &man.uname.1; <literal>-U</literal> and
623 <literal>-K</literal> arguments, and prints an error if the
624 system userland and kernel are not in sync.</para>
627 <sect2 xml:id="userland-libraries">
628 <title>Runtime Libraries and API</title>
630 <para revision="265995">The Blowfish &man.crypt.3; default
631 format has been changed to
632 <literal>$2b$</literal>.</para>
634 <para revision="268461">The &man.readline.3; library is now
635 statically linked in software within the base system, and the
636 shared library is no longer installed, allowing the Ports
637 Collection to use a modern version of the library.</para>
639 <para revision="272273">The &man.strptime.3; library has been
640 updated to add support for <acronym>POSIX</acronym>-2001
641 features <literal>%U</literal> and
642 <literal>%W</literal>.</para>
644 <para revision="272842,272848" contrib="sponsor"
645 sponsor="&ff;">The &man.dl.iterate.phdr.3; library has been
646 changed to always return the path name of the
647 <acronym>ELF</acronym> object in the
648 <literal>dlpi_name</literal> structure member.</para>
650 <para revision="273562" contrib="sponsor"
651 sponsor="&juniper;">The &man.libxo.3; library has been
652 imported to the base system.</para>
654 <para revision="273806" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&chelsio;">A
655 userland library for Chelsio Terminator 5 based iWARP cards
656 has been added, allowing userland <acronym>RDMA</acronym>
657 applications to work over compatible
658 <acronym>NIC</acronym>s.</para>
660 <para revision="274987">The &man.gpio.3; library has been added,
661 providing a wrapper around the &man.gpio.4; kernel
664 <para revision="275800" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ff;">The
665 &man.procctl.2; system call has been updated to include
666 a facility for non-&man.init.8; processes to be declared as
667 the reaper of child processes and their decendants.</para>
669 <para revision="277610">The <literal>futimens()</literal> and
670 <literal>utimensat()</literal> system calls have been
671 added. See &man.utimensat.2; for more information.</para>
673 <para revision="278934">The &man.elf.3; compile-time dependency
674 has been removed from <filename>dtri.o</filename>, which
675 allows adding <application>DTrace</application> probes to
676 userland applications and libraries without also linking
677 against &man.elf.3;.</para>
679 <para revision="279186">The &man.setmode.3; function has been
680 updated to consistently set <literal>errno</literal> on
683 <para revision="279663">The &man.qsort.3; functions have been
684 updated to be able to handle 32-bit aligned data on 64-bit
685 platforms, also providing a significant improvement in 32-bit
688 <para revision="281130">Several standard include headers have
689 been updated to use of <application>gcc</application>
690 attributes, such as <literal>__result_use_check()</literal>,
691 <literal>__alloc_size()</literal>, and
692 <literal>__nonnull()</literal>.</para>
694 <para revision="281845">Support for file verification in
695 <acronym>MAC</acronym> has been added.</para>
697 <para revision="282973" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ff;">The
698 <literal>libgomp</literal> library is now only built when
699 building <acronym>GCC</acronym> from the base system. An
700 up-to-date version is available in the Ports Collection as
702 role="package">devel/libiomp5-devel</filename>.</para>
704 <para revision="282988">The <filename>stdlib.h</filename> and
705 <filename>malloc.h</filename> headers have been updated to
706 make use of the <application>gcc</application>
707 <literal>alloc_align()</literal> attribute.</para>
709 <para revision="284483" contrib="sponsor"
710 sponsor="&scaleengine;">The Blowfish &man.crypt.3; library
711 has been updated to support $2y$ hashes.</para>
714 <sect2 xml:id="userland-abi">
715 <title>ABI Compatibility</title>
717 <para revision="271982">The &linux; compatibility version has
718 been updated to <literal>2.6.18</literal>. The
719 <literal>compat.linux.osrelease</literal> &man.sysctl.8; is
720 evaluated when building the <filename
721 role="package">emulators/linux-c6</filename> and related
726 <sect1 xml:id="kernel">
727 <title>Kernel</title>
729 <para>This section covers changes to kernel configurations, system
730 tuning, and system control parameters that are not otherwise
733 <sect2 xml:id="kernel-bugfix">
734 <title>Kernel Bug Fixes</title>
736 <para revision="265876">A kernel bug that inhibited proper
737 functionality of the <literal>dev.cpu.0.freq</literal>
738 &man.sysctl.8; on &intel; processors with Turbo
739 Boost ™ enabled has been fixed.</para>
741 <para revision="271697" arch="powerpc">Support for
742 &man.dtrace.1; stack tracing has been fixed for
743 &os;/&arch.powerpc;, using the <literal>trapexit()</literal>
744 and <literal>asttrapexit()</literal> functions instead of
745 checking within addressed kernel space.</para>
747 <para revision="271917">A kernel panic triggered when destroying
748 a &man.vnet.9; &man.jail.8; configured with &man.gif.4; has
751 <para revision="271918">A kernel panic triggered when destroying
752 a &man.vnet.9; &man.jail.8; configured with &man.gre.4; has
755 <para revision="272089">A bug in &man.ipfw.4; that could
756 potentially lead to a kernel panic when using &man.dummynet.4;
757 at layer 2 has been fixed.</para>
759 <para revision="280930" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&mitail;">The
760 kernel <acronym>RPC</acronym> has been updated to include
761 several enhancements:</para>
765 <para>The 45 MiB limit on requests queued for
766 &man.nfsd.8; threads has been removed.</para>
770 <para>Avoids unnecessary throttling by not deferring
771 accounting for completed requests.</para>
775 <para>Fixes an integer overflow and signedness bugs.</para>
779 <para revision="281261" arch="powerpc">Support for
780 &man.dtrace.1; has been added for the
781 Book-E ™.</para>
784 <sect2 xml:id="kernel-config">
785 <title>Kernel Configuration</title>
787 <para revision="266531">The <literal>IMAGACT_BINMISC</literal>
788 kernel configuration option has been enabled by default,
789 which enables application execution through emulators, such
790 as <application>Qemu</application>.</para>
792 <para revision="268045">The <literal>VT</literal> kernel
793 configuration file has been removed, and the &man.vt.4;
794 driver is included in the <literal>GENERIC</literal> kernel.
795 To enable &man.vt.4;, enter <literal>set kern.vty=vt</literal>
796 at the &man.loader.8; prompt during boot, or add
797 <literal>kern.vty=vt</literal> to &man.loader.conf.5; and
798 reboot the system.</para>
800 <para revision="277904">The &man.config.8; utility has been
801 updated to allow using a non-standard <filename
802 class="directory">src/</filename> tree, specified as an
803 argument to the <literal>-s</literal> flag.</para>
805 <para revision="277990" arch="powerpc64">The
806 &os;/&arch.powerpc64; kernel now builds as
807 a position-independent executable, allowing the kernel to be
808 loaded into and run from any physical or virtual
812 <para>This change requires an update to &man.loader.8;.
813 The userland and kernel must be updated before rebooting the
817 <para revision="278338" arch="arm">A new module for creating
818 <filename>rpi.dtb</filename> has been added for the Raspberry
821 <para revision="278340" arch="arm">The
822 <filename>rpi.dtb</filename> module is now installed to
823 <filename class="directory">/boot/dtb/</filename> by
824 default for the Raspberry Pi system.</para>
826 <para revision="279189" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ff;"
827 arch="powerpc">Kernel support for Vector-Scalar eXtension
828 (<acronym>VSX</acronym>) found on POWER7 and POWER8 hardware
829 has been added.</para>
831 <para revision="279252" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ff;"
832 arch="powerpc">The &man.pmap.9; implementation for 64-bit
833 &powerpc; processors has been overhaulded to improve
836 <para revision="279824" arch="arm">A new module for creating
837 the <filename>dtb</filename> module for AM335x systems has
840 <para revision="281495" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ff;">The
841 <literal>PAE_TABLES</literal> kernel configuration option has
842 been added for &os;/&arch.i386;, which instructs &man.pmap.9;
843 to use <acronym>PAE</acronym> format for page tables while
844 maintaining a 32-bit physical address size elsewhere in the
845 kernel. The use of this option can enhance application-level
846 security by enabling the creation of <quote>no execute</quote>
847 mappings on modern &arch.i386; processors. Unlike the
848 <literal>PAE</literal> option, <literal>PAE_TABLES</literal>
849 preserves kernel binary interface (<acronym>KBI</acronym>)
850 compatibility with non-<literal>PAE</literal> kernels,
851 allowing non-<literal>PAE</literal> kernel modules and drivers
852 to work with a <literal>PAE_TABLES</literal>-enabled kernel.
853 Additionally, system limits are tuned for 4GB maximum
854 <acronym>RAM</acronym>, avoiding kernel virtual address space
855 (<acronym>KVA</acronym>) exhaustion.</para>
857 <para revision="282215">The <literal>SIFTR</literal> kernel
858 configuration has been added, allowing building &man.siftr.4;
859 statically into the kernel.</para>
861 <para revision="282731" arch="arm">The &arch.arm; boot loader,
862 <filename>ubldr</filename>, is now relocatable. In addition,
863 <filename>ubldr.bin</filename> is now created during build
864 time, which is a stripped binary with an entry point of
865 <literal>0</literal>, providing the ability to specify the
866 load address by running <literal>go
867 ${loadaddr}</literal> in
868 <literal>u-boot</literal>.</para>
870 <para revision="282921" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&intelcorp;"
871 arch="amd64,i386">The &man.nvd.4; and &man.nvme.4; drivers are
872 now included in the <filename>GENERIC</filename> kernel
873 configuration by default.</para>
875 <para revision="283959" contrib="sponsor"
876 sponsor="&limelight;">A new kernel configuration option,
877 <literal>EM_MULTIQUEUE</literal>, has been added which enables
878 multi-queue support in the &man.em.4; driver.</para>
881 <para>Multi-queue support in the &man.em.4; driver is not
882 officially supported by &intel;.</para>
885 <para revision="285142" contrib="sponsor"
886 sponsor="&netgate;">The <filename>GENERIC</filename> kernel
887 configuration has been updated to include the
888 <literal>IPSEC</literal> option by default.</para>
891 <sect2 xml:id="kernel-sysctl">
892 <title>System Tuning and Controls</title>
894 <para revision="275140" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ff;">The
895 &man.hwpmc.4; default and maximum callchain depths have been
896 increased. The default has been increased from 16 to 32, and
897 the maximum increased from 32 to 128.</para>
899 <para revision="279361">The <literal>kern.osrelease</literal>
900 and <literal>kern.osreldate</literal> are now configurable
901 &man.jail.8; parameters.</para>
903 <para revision="280308,280949" contrib="sponsor"
904 sponsor="&ix;, &ff;">The &man.devfs.5; device filesystem has
905 been changed to update timestamps for read/write operations
906 using seconds precision. A new &man.sysctl.8;,
907 <literal>vfs.devfs.dotimes</literal> has been added, which
908 when set to a non-zero value, enables default precision
909 timestamps for these operations.</para>
911 <para revision="282213" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ff;">A new
912 &man.sysctl.8;, <literal>kern.racct.enable</literal>, has been
913 added, which when set to a non-zero value allows using
914 &man.rctl.8; with the <literal>GENERIC</literal> kernel.
915 A new kernel configuration option,
916 <literal>RACCT_DISABLED</literal> has also been added.</para>
918 <para revision="282901" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ff;">The
919 <literal>GENERIC</literal> kernel configuration now includes
920 <literal>RACCT</literal> and <literal>RCTL</literal> by
924 <para>To enable <literal>RACCT</literal> and
925 <literal>RCTL</literal> on a system using the
926 <literal>GENERIC</literal> kernel configuration, add
927 <literal>kern.racct.enable=1</literal> to
928 &man.loader.conf.5;, and reboot the system.</para>
931 <para revision="283136" contrib="sponsor"
932 sponsor="&limelight;">A new &man.sysctl.8;,
933 <literal>net.inet.tcp.hostcache.purgenow</literal>, has
934 been added, which when set to <literal>1</literal> during
935 runtime will flush all
936 <literal>net.inet.tcp.hostcache</literal> entries.</para>
940 <sect1 xml:id="drivers">
941 <title>Devices and Drivers</title>
943 <para>This section covers changes and additions to devices and
944 device drivers since &release.prev;.</para>
946 <sect2 xml:id="drivers-device">
947 <title>Device Drivers</title>
949 <para revision="260903">Support for GPS ports has been added to
952 <para revision="265132">The &man.full.4; device has been added,
953 and the <literal>lindev(4)</literal> device has been removed.
954 Prior to this change, <literal>lindev(4)</literal> provided
955 only the <filename>/dev/full</filename> character device,
956 returning <literal>ENOSPC</literal> on write attempts. As
957 this device is not specific to &linux;, a native &os; version
958 has been added.</para>
960 <para revision="271705">Hardware context support has been
961 added to the <literal>drm/i915</literal> driver, adding
962 support for <application>Mesa</application> 9.2 and
965 <para revision="273178">The &man.vt.4; driver has been updated,
966 replacing the bitmapped <literal>kern.vt.spclkeys</literal>
967 &man.sysctl.8; with individual
968 <literal>kern.vt.kbd_*</literal> variants.</para>
970 <para revision="273598">The &man.hpet.4; driver has been updated
972 <filename>/dev/hpet<replaceable>N</replaceable></filename>
973 device, providing access to <acronym>HPET</acronym> from
976 <para revision="280183">The <literal>drm</literal> code has
977 been updated to match &linux; version 3.8.13.</para>
979 <para revision="281440">The &man.psm.4; driver has been updated
980 to include improved support for newer Synaptics ®
981 touchpads and the ClickPad ® mouse on newer
982 Lenovo ™ laptops.</para>
984 <para revision="282783" arch="powerpc">Support for the Freescale
985 <acronym>PCI</acronym> Root Complex device has been
989 <sect2 xml:id="drivers-storage">
990 <title>Storage Drivers</title>
992 <para revision="265236" contrib="sponsor"
993 sponsor="&lsi;, &spectralogic;" sponsorurl="">The &man.mpr.4;
994 device has been added, providing support for LSI Fusion-MPT
995 3 12Gb SCSI/SATA controllers.</para>
997 <para revision="265555" contrib="sponsor"
998 sponsor="&lsi;">The &man.mrsas.4; driver has been added,
999 providing support for LSI MegaRAID SAS controllers. The
1000 &man.mfi.4; driver will attach to the controller, by default.
1001 To enable &man.mrsas.4; add
1002 <literal>hw.mfi.mrsas_enable=1</literal> to
1003 <filename>/boot/loader.conf</filename>, which turns off
1004 &man.mfi.4; device probing.</para>
1007 <para>At this time, the &man.mfiutil.8; utility and the &os;
1008 version of <application>MegaCLI</application> and
1009 <application>StorCli</application> do not work with
1010 &man.mrsas.4;.</para>
1013 <para revision="275461" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ix;">The
1014 &man.ctl.4; subsystem has been updated, increasing the ports
1015 limit from <literal>128</literal> to <literal>256</literal>,
1016 and <acronym>LUN</acronym> limit from <literal>256</literal>
1017 to <literal>1024</literal>.</para>
1019 <para revision="276526">The <literal>asr(4)</literal> driver has
1020 been removed, and is no longer supported.</para>
1022 <para revision="281387">The &man.hptnr.4; driver has been
1023 updated to version 1.1.1.</para>
1026 <sect2 xml:id="drivers-network">
1027 <title>Network Drivers</title>
1029 <para revision="258830">Support for Broadcom chipsets BCM57764,
1030 BCM57767, BCM57782, BCM57786 and BCM57787 has been added to
1033 <para revision="260448">Support for the &intel; Centrino™
1034 Wireless-N 135 chipset has been added.</para>
1036 <para revision="260552">Firmware for &intel; Centrino™
1037 Wireless-N 105 devices has been added to the base
1040 <para revision="261975">The deprecated nve(4) driver has been
1041 removed. Users of NVIDIA nForce MCP network adapters are
1042 advised to use the &man.nfe.4; driver instead, which has been
1043 the default driver for this hardware since
1044 &os; 7.0.</para>
1046 <para revision="264601" contrib="sponsor"
1047 sponsor="&darpa_afrl;">The <literal>if_nf10bmac(4)</literal>
1048 device has been added, providing support for NetFPGA-10G
1049 Embedded CPU Ethernet Core.</para>
1052 <para>The <literal>if_nf10bmac(4)</literal> driver operates on
1053 the FPGA, and is not suited for the PCI host
1057 <para revision="265348" contrib="sponsor"
1058 sponsor="&netgate;">The &man.ath.hal.4; driver has been
1059 updated to support the Atheros AR1111 chipset.</para>
1061 <para revision="266770">Support for the &intel; Centrino™
1062 Wireless-N 105 chipset has been added.</para>
1064 <para revision="266757" contrib="sponsor"
1065 sponsor="&chelsio;">Support for the &man.cxgbe.4; Terminator
1066 5 (T5) 10G/40G cards has been added to &man.netmap.4;.</para>
1068 <para revision="272730">The &man.alc.4; driver has been updated
1069 to support AR816x and AR817x ethernet controllers.</para>
1071 <para revision="272906">The &man.pf.4; packet filter default hash
1072 has been changed from <literal>Jenkins</literal> to
1073 <literal>Murmur3</literal>, providing a 3-percent performance
1074 increase in packets-per-second.</para>
1076 <para revision="273331">The &man.vxlan.4; driver has been added,
1077 which creates a virtual Layer 2 (Ethernet) network overlaid in
1078 a Layer 3 (IP/UDP) network. The &man.vxlan.4; driver is
1079 analogous to &man.vlan.4;, but is designed to be better suited
1080 for large, multiple-tenant datacenter environments.</para>
1082 <para revision="274246" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&yandex;">The
1083 &man.gre.4; driver has been significantly overhauled, and has
1084 been split into two separate modules, &man.gre.4; and
1087 <para revision="278551">The &man.ral.4; driver has been updated
1088 to support the RT5390 and RT5392 chipsets.</para>
1090 <para revision="283514" contrib="sponsor"
1091 sponsor="&solarflare;">The &man.sfxge.4; driver has been
1092 updated to support Solarflare Flareon Ultra 7000-series
1095 <para revision="283766" contrib="sponsor"
1096 sponsor="&limelight;">The &man.em.4; driver has been updated
1097 with improved transmission queue hang detection.</para>
1099 <para revision="284125">The &man.cdce.4; driver has been updated
1100 to include support for the RTL8153 chipset.</para>
1104 <sect1 xml:id="hardware">
1105 <title>Hardware Support</title>
1107 <para>This section covers general hardware support for physical
1108 machines, hypervisors, and virtualization environments, as well
1109 as hardware changes and updates that do not otherwise fit in
1110 other sections of this document.</para>
1112 <sect2 xml:id="hardware-support">
1113 <title>Hardware Support</title>
1115 <para revision="268303">The &man.asmc.4; driver has been
1116 updated to support the &apple; MacMini 3,1.</para>
1118 <para revision="268351">Support for &os;/ia64 has been dropped
1119 as of &os; 11.</para>
1121 <para revision="274386">An issue that could cause a system to
1122 hang when entering <acronym>ACPI</acronym>
1123 <literal>S3</literal> state (suspend to
1124 <acronym>RAM</acronym>) has been corrected in the &man.acpi.4;
1125 and &man.pci.4; drivers.</para>
1127 <para revision="274733" arch="powerpc">The power management unit
1128 subsystem has been updated to support power button events on
1129 certain &arch.powerpc; hardware, such as aluminum
1130 PowerBook ®.</para>
1132 <para revision="275171,275190" arch="powerpc">The &man.hwpmc.4;
1133 driver has been updated to correct performance counter
1134 sampling on G4 (MPC74xxx) and G5 class processors.</para>
1136 <para revision="275732" contrib="sponsor"
1137 sponsor="&ff;,&netgate;">The
1138 <application>OpenCrypto</application> framework has been
1139 updated to include <literal>AES-ICM</literal> and
1140 <literal>AES-GCM</literal> modes, both of which have also been
1141 added to the &man.aesni.4; driver.</para>
1143 <para revision="281713" arch="powerpc">The &man.hwpmc.4;
1144 driver has been updated to support the Freescale e500
1147 <para revision="283766">The &man.ig4.4; driver has been added,
1148 providing support for the fourth generation &intel;
1149 <acronym>I2C</acronym> SMBus.</para>
1151 <para>The &man.uart.4; driver has been updated to support
1152 <acronym>AMT</acronym> devices on newer systems.</para>
1155 <sect2 xml:id="hardware-virtualization">
1156 <title>Virtualization Support</title>
1158 <para revision="260410">Support for the <quote>Virtual Interrupt
1159 Delivery</quote> feature of &intel; VT-x is enabled if
1160 supported by the CPU. This feature can be disabled by running
1161 <literal>sysctl hw.vmm.vmx.use_apic_vid=0</literal>.
1162 Additionally, to persist this setting across reboots, add
1163 <literal>hw.vmm.vmx.use_apic_vid=0</literal> to
1164 <filename>/etc/sysctl.conf</filename>.</para>
1166 <para revision="260532">Support for <quote>Posted Interrupt
1167 Processing</quote> is enabled if supported by the CPU. This
1168 feature can be disabled by running <literal>sysctl
1169 hw.vmm.vmx.use_apic_pir=0</literal>. Additionally, to
1170 persist this setting across reboots, add
1171 <literal>hw.vmm.vmx.use_apic_pir=0</literal> to
1172 <filename>/etc/sysctl.conf</filename>.</para>
1174 <para revision="260582">Unmapped IO support has been added to
1175 &man.virtio_blk.4;.</para>
1177 <para revision="260583">Unmapped IO support has been added to
1178 &man.virtio_scsi.4;.</para>
1180 <para revision="260847">The &man.virtio_random.4; driver has
1181 been added to harvest entropy from the host system.</para>
1183 <para revision="261504">&os;/&arch.i386; guests can be run under
1186 <para revision="267536" contrib="sponsor"
1187 sponsor="&citrix.rd;">Support for running a &os;/&arch.amd64;
1188 <application>Xen</application> guest instance as
1189 <acronym>PVH</acronym> guest has been added.
1190 <acronym>PVH</acronym> mode, short for <quote>Para-Virtualized
1191 Hardware</quote>, uses para-virtualized drivers for boot and
1192 I/O, and uses hardware virtualization extensions for all other
1193 tasks, without the need for emulation.</para>
1195 <para revision="273375">The &man.bhyve.8; hypervisor has been
1196 updated to support &amd; processors with
1197 <acronym>SVM</acronym> and <acronym>AMD-V</acronym> hardware
1200 <para revision="273515">The &man.virtio.console.4; driver has
1201 been added, which provides an interface to VirtIO console
1202 devices through a &man.tty.4; device.</para>
1204 <para revision="279957">The &man.bhyve.8; hypervisor has been
1205 updated to support <literal>DSM TRIM</literal> commands for
1206 virtual <acronym>AHCI</acronym> disks.</para>
1208 <para revision="281439" arch="arm">Support for the
1209 <application>QEMU</application> <literal>virt</literal> system
1210 has been added.</para>
1212 <para revision="282212" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&msostc;">The
1213 Hyper-V™ drivers have been updated with several
1214 enhancements:</para>
1218 <para>The &man.hv.vmbus.4; driver now has multi-channel
1223 <para>The &man.hv.storvsc.4; driver now has scatter/gather
1224 support, in addition to performance improvements.</para>
1228 <para>The &man.hv.kvp.4; driver has received several bug
1233 <para revision="282274">Support for &man.xen.4; para-virtualized
1234 <literal>domU</literal> kernels has been removed.</para>
1236 <para revision="284746" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&msostc;">The
1237 &man.hv.netvsc.4; driver has been updated to support checksum
1238 offloading and <acronym>TSO</acronym>.</para>
1241 <sect2 xml:id="hardware-arm">
1242 <title>ARM Support</title>
1244 <para revision="260921">The &man.nand.4; device is enabled for
1245 ARM devices by default.</para>
1247 <para revision="266943" arch="arm">Support for the Exynos 5420
1248 Octa system has been added.</para>
1250 <para revision="267390" arch="arm">The <acronym>SMP</acronym>
1251 option has been enabled for all Exynos 5 systems supported by
1254 <para revision="268838" arch="arm">Support for the Toradex
1255 Apalis i.MX6 development board has been added.</para>
1257 <para revision="273264" arch="armv6">An issue that could cause
1258 instability when detecting <acronym>SD</acronym> cards on the
1259 Raspberry Pi <acronym>SOC</acronym> has been fixed.</para>
1261 <para revision="275963">The <literal>bcm2835_cpufreq</literal>
1262 driver has been added, which supports <acronym>CPU</acronym>
1263 frequency and voltage control on the Raspberry Pi
1264 <acronym>SOC</acronym>.</para>
1266 <para revision="277042" arch="arm">Support to turn off the
1267 BeagleBone Black system with the &man.shutdown.8;
1268 <literal>-p</literal> flag or by invoking &man.poweroff.8; has
1271 <para revision="277644" arch="arm">Audio transmission drivers
1272 have been added for Digital Audio Multiplexer
1273 (<acronym>AUDMUXM</acronym>), Smart Direct Memory Access
1274 Controller (<acronym>SDMA</acronym>), and Syncronous Serial
1275 Interface (<acronym>SSI</acronym>).</para>
1277 <para revision="280259" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ff;">Initial
1278 support for the ARM AArch64 architecture has been
1281 <para revision="282779" arch="arm">Kernel support for Thumb-2
1282 userland has been added.</para>
1284 <para revision="282827">Support for the hardware power button
1285 on the BeagleBone Black system has been added.</para>
1287 <para revision="284273" contrib="sponsor"
1288 sponsor="&ff;">Initial
1289 <acronym>ACPI</acronym> support has been added for
1290 &os;/&arch.arm64;.</para>
1294 <sect1 xml:id="storage">
1295 <title>Storage</title>
1297 <para>This section covers changes and additions to file systems
1298 and other storage subsystems, both local and networked.</para>
1300 <sect2 xml:id="storage-general">
1301 <title>General Storage</title>
1303 <para revision="278037" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ix;">The
1304 &man.ctl.4; <acronym>LUN</acronym> mapping has been rewritten,
1305 replacing <acronym>iSCSI</acronym>-specific mapping mechanisms
1306 with a new mechanism that works for any port.</para>
1308 <para revision="278354" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ix;">The
1309 &man.ctld.8; utility has been updated to allow controlling
1310 non-<acronym>iSCSI</acronym> &man.ctl.4; ports.</para>
1312 <para revision="275681" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ff;">The
1313 &man.autofs.5; subsystem has been updated to include a new
1314 &man.auto.master.5; map, <literal>-media</literal>, which
1315 allows automatically mounting removable media, such as
1316 <acronym>CD</acronym> drives or <acronym>USB</acronym> flash
1319 <para revision="279955" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ff;">The
1320 &man.autofs.5; subsystem has been updated to include a new
1321 &man.auto.master.5; map, <literal>-noauto</literal>, which
1322 handles &man.fstab.5; entries set to
1323 <literal>noauto</literal>.</para>
1326 <sect2 xml:id="storage-net">
1327 <title>Networked Storage</title>
1329 <para revision="270096" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ff;">The new
1330 filesystem automount facility, &man.autofs.5;, has been added.
1331 The new &man.autofs.5; facility is similar to that found in
1332 other &unix;-like operating systems, such as OS X™
1333 and Solaris™. The &man.autofs.5; facility uses
1334 a &sun;-compatible &man.auto.master.5; configuration file, and
1335 is administered with the &man.automount.8; userland utility,
1336 and the &man.automountd.8; and &man.autounmountd.8;
1339 <para revision="273849" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ff;">Support
1340 for the <literal>timeo</literal>, <literal>actimeo</literal>,
1341 <literal>noac</literal>, and <literal>proto</literal> options
1342 have been added to &man.mount.nfs.8;.</para>
1345 <sect2 xml:id="storage-zfs">
1348 <para revision="275748">The <literal>arc_meta_limit</literal>
1349 statistics are now visible through the
1350 <literal>kstat</literal> &man.sysctl.8;. As a result of this
1351 change, the <literal>vfs.zfs.arc_meta_used</literal>
1352 &man.sysctl.8; has been removed, and replaced with the
1353 <literal>kstat.zfs.misc.arcstats.arc_meta_used</literal>
1354 &man.sysctl.8;.</para>
1357 <sect2 xml:id="storage-geom">
1358 <title>&man.geom.4;</title>
1360 <para revision="267359">Support for the
1361 <literal>disklabel64</literal> partitioning scheme has been
1362 added to &man.gpart.8;.</para>
1364 <para revision="282465">Support for the
1365 <literal>apple-boot</literal>, <literal>apple-hfs</literal>,
1366 and <literal>apple-ufs</literal> <acronym>MBR</acronym>
1367 partitioning schemes have been added to &man.gpart.8;.</para>
1371 <sect1 xml:id="boot">
1372 <title>Boot Loader Changes</title>
1374 <para>This section covers the boot loader, boot menu, and other
1375 boot-related changes.</para>
1377 <sect2 xml:id="boot-loader">
1378 <title>Boot Loader Changes</title>
1380 <para revision="258431" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ff;">The
1381 memory test run at boot time on &os;/&arch.amd64; platforms
1382 has been disabled by default.</para>
1384 <para revision="262955">A new &man.ttys.5; class,
1385 <literal>3wire</literal>, has been added. This is similar to
1386 the existing terminal classes, but does not have a defined
1389 <para revision="274085">The &man.vt.4; driver has been made the
1390 default system console driver. The &man.syscons.4; driver is
1391 still available, and can be enabled by adding
1392 <literal>kern.vty=sc</literal> in &man.loader.conf.5;.
1393 Alternatively, &man.syscons.4; can be enabled at boot time by
1394 entering <literal>set kern.vty=sc</literal> at the
1395 &man.loader.8; prompt.</para>
1397 <para revision="279950">Support for <literal>bzipfs</literal>
1398 has been added to the <acronym>EFI</acronym> loader.</para>
1400 <para revision="281616">The boot loader has been updated to
1401 support entering the <acronym>GELI</acronym> passphrase before
1402 loading the kernel. To enable this behavior, add
1403 <literal>geom_eli_passphrase_prompt="YES"</literal> to
1404 &man.loader.conf.5;.</para>
1406 <para revision="284683" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ff;"
1407 arch="arm">The &man.ttys.5; file for &os;/&arch.arm; has been
1408 updated to enable <filename>ttyu1</filename>,
1409 <filename>ttyu2</filename>, and <filename>ttyu3</filename> by
1410 default, if the callin port is an active console port.</para>
1413 <sect2 xml:id="boot-menu">
1414 <title>Boot Menu Changes</title>
1420 <sect1 xml:id="network">
1421 <title>Networking</title>
1423 <para>This section describes changes that affect networking in
1426 <sect2 xml:id="network-protocols">
1427 <title>Network Protocols</title>
1429 <para revision="263140">Support for the IPX network transport
1430 protocol has been removed, and will not be supported in
1431 &os; 11 and later releases.</para>
1433 <para revision="272720" contrib="sponsor"
1434 sponsor="&limelight;">Support for <acronym>PLPMTUD</acronym>
1435 blackhole detection (<acronym>RFC</acronym> 4821) has been
1436 added to the &man.tcp.4; stack, disabled by default. New
1437 control tunables have been added:</para>
1439 <informaltable frame="none" pgwide="0">
1441 <colspec colwidth="1*"/>
1442 <colspec colwidth="1*"/>
1445 <entry>Tunable</entry>
1446 <entry>Description</entry>
1452 <entry><literal>net.inet.tcp.pmtud_blackhole_detection</literal></entry>
1453 <entry>Enables or disables <acronym>PLPMTUD</acronym>
1454 blackhole detection</entry>
1458 <entry><literal>net.inet.tcp.pmtud_blackhole_mss</literal></entry>
1459 <entry><acronym>MSS</acronym> to try for IPv4</entry>
1463 <entry><literal>net.inet.tcp.v6pmtud_blackhole_mss</literal></entry>
1464 <entry><acronym>MSS to try for IPv6</acronym></entry>
1470 <para>New monitoring &man.sysctl.8;s haven been added:</para>
1472 <informaltable frame="none" pgwide="0">
1474 <colspec colwidth="1*"/>
1475 <colspec colwidth="1*"/>
1478 <entry>Tunable</entry>
1479 <entry>Description</entry>
1485 <entry><literal>net.inet.tcp.pmtud_blackhole_activated</literal></entry>
1486 <entry>Number of times the code was activated to attempt
1487 downshifting the <acronym>MSS</acronym></entry>
1491 <entry><literal>net.inet.tcp.pmtud_blackhole_min_activated</literal></entry>
1492 <entry>Number of times the blackhole
1493 <acronym>MSS</acronym> was used in an attempt to
1498 <entry><literal>net.inet.tcp.pmtud_blackhole_failed</literal></entry>
1499 <entry>Number of times that the blackhole failed to
1500 connect after downshifting the
1501 <acronym>MSS</acronym></entry>
1507 <para revision="280971" contrib="sponsor"
1508 sponsor="&netflix;, &nginx;">Support for <acronym>IP</acronym>
1509 identification for atomic datagrams (<acronym>RFC</acronym>
1510 6864) has been added. Support for this feature can be toggled
1511 with the <literal>net.inet.ip.rfc6864</literal>
1512 &man.sysctl.8;, which is enabled by default.</para>
1516 <sect1 xml:id="ports">
1517 <title>Ports Collection and Package Infrastructure</title>
1519 <para>This section covers changes to the &os; Ports
1520 Collection, package infrastructure, and package maintenance and
1521 installation tools.</para>
1523 <sect2 xml:id="ports-infrastructure">
1524 <title>Infrastructure Changes</title>
1529 <sect2 xml:id="ports-packages ">
1530 <title>Packaging Changes</title>
1536 <sect1 xml:id="doc">
1537 <title>Documentation</title>
1539 <para>This section covers changes to the &os; Documentation
1540 Project sources and toolchain.</para>
1542 <sect2 xml:id="doc-sources">
1543 <title>Documentation Source Changes</title>
1548 <sect2 xml:id="doc-toolchain">
1549 <title>Documentation Toolchain Changes</title>
1555 <sect1 xml:id="releng">
1556 <title>Release Engineering and Integration</title>
1558 <para>This section convers changes that are specific to the
1559 &os; Release Engineering processes.</para>
1561 <sect2 xml:id="releng-changes">
1562 <title>Integration Changes</title>
1564 <para revision="277458" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ff;">The
1565 Release Engineering build tools have been updated to include
1566 support for producing virtual machine disk images for various
1567 cloud hosting providers.</para>
1569 <para revision="278926">The Release Engineering build tools have
1570 been updated to use multi-threaded &man.xz.1;. By default,
1571 the number of &man.xz.1; threads is set to the number of cores
1574 <para revision="281802" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ff;">The
1575 Release Engineering build tools have been updated to include
1576 support for building &os;/&arch.arm64; virtual machine and
1577 memory stick installation images.</para>
1579 <para revision="282693" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ff;">The
1580 Release Engineering build tools have been updated to support
1581 building &os;/&arch.arm; images without external utilities for
1582 supported boards where a corresponding
1583 <literal>u-boot</literal> port exists in the Ports
1586 <para revision="283307" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ff;">The
1587 &os;/&arch.i386; memory stick installation images are now
1588 created using the &man.mkimg.1; utility, matching the way
1589 the &os;/&arch.amd64; images are created.</para>