nrelease - fix/improve livecd

[dragonfly.git] / usr.bin / xinstall / install.1

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.\"	From: @(#)install.1	8.1 (Berkeley) 6/6/93
.\" $FreeBSD: src/usr.bin/xinstall/install.1,v 1.16.2.9 2002/07/01 21:01:23 des Exp $
.\"
.Dd January 22, 2016
.Dt INSTALL 1
.Os
.Sh NAME
.Nm install
.Nd install binaries
.Sh SYNOPSIS
.Nm
.Op Fl bCclMpSsUv
.Op Fl B Ar suffix
.Op Fl D Ar destdir
.Op Fl f Ar flags
.Op Fl g Ar group
.Op Fl l Ar linkflags
.Op Fl m Ar mode
.Op Fl N Ar dbdir
.Op Fl o Ar owner
.Ar file1 file2
.Nm
.Op Fl bCclMpSsUv
.Op Fl B Ar suffix
.Op Fl D Ar destdir
.Op Fl f Ar flags
.Op Fl g Ar group
.Op Fl l Ar linkflags
.Op Fl m Ar mode
.Op Fl N Ar dbdir
.Op Fl o Ar owner
.Ar file1 ... fileN directory
.Nm
.Fl d
.Op Fl lUv
.Op Fl D Ar destdir
.Op Fl g Ar group
.Op Fl m Ar mode
.Op Fl N Ar dbdir
.Op Fl o Ar owner
.Ar directory ...
.Sh DESCRIPTION
The file(s) are copied
(or linked if the
.Fl l
option is specified) to the target file or directory.
If the destination is a directory, then the
.Ar file
is copied into
.Ar directory
with its original filename.
If the target file already exists, it is
either renamed to
.Ar file Ns Pa .old
if the
.Fl b
option is given
or overwritten
if permissions allow.
An alternate backup suffix may be specified via the
.Fl B
option's argument.
.Pp
The options are as follows:
.Bl -tag -width indent
.It Fl b
Back up any existing files before overwriting them by renaming
them to
.Ar file Ns Pa .old .
See
.Fl B
for specifying a different backup suffix.
.It Fl B Ar suffix
Use
.Ar suffix
as the backup suffix if
.Fl b
is given.
.It Fl C
Copy the file.
If the target file already exists and the files are the same,
then don't change the modification time of the target.
.It Fl c
Copy the file.
This is actually the default.
The
.Fl c
option is only included for backwards compatibility.
.It Fl d
Create directories.
Missing parent directories are created as required.
.It Fl D Ar destdir
Specify the
.Ev DESTDIR
(top of the file hierarchy) that the items are installed into.
This option is implemented for compatibility with the
.Nx
version of
.Nm
and does nothing.
.It Fl f
Specify the target's file flags; see
.Xr chflags 1
for a list of possible flags and their meanings.
.It Fl g
Specify a group.
A numeric GID is allowed.
.It Fl l Ar linkflags
Instead of copying the file make a link to the source.
The type of the link is determined by the
.Ar linkflags
argument.
Valid
.Ar linkflags
are:
.Ar a
(absolute),
.Ar r
(relative),
.Ar h
(hard),
.Ar s
(symbolic),
.Ar m
(mixed).
Absolute and relative have effect only for symbolic links.
Mixed links
are hard links for files on the same filesystem, symbolic otherwise.
.It Fl M
Disable all use of
.Xr mmap 2 .
.It Fl m
Specify an alternate mode.
The default mode is set to rwxr-xr-x (0755).
The specified mode may be either an octal or symbolic value; see
.Xr chmod 1
for a description of possible mode values.
.It Fl N
Use the user database text file
.Pa master.passwd
and group database text file
.Pa group
from
.Ar dbdir ,
rather than using the results from the system's
.Xr getpwnam 3
and
.Xr getgrnam 3
(and related) library calls.
.It Fl o
Specify an owner.
A numeric UID is allowed.
.It Fl p
Preserve the modification time.
Copy the file, as if the
.Fl C
(compare and copy) option is specified,
except if the target file doesn't already exist or is different,
then preserve the modification time of the file.
.It Fl S
Safe copy.
Normally,
.Nm
unlinks an existing target before installing the new file.
With the
.Fl S
flag a temporary file is used and then renamed to be
the target.
The reason this is safer is that if the copy or
rename fails, the existing target is left untouched.
.It Fl s
.Nm
exec's the command
.Xr strip 1
to strip binaries so that
.Nm
can be portable over a large
number of systems and binary types.
.It Fl U
Indicate that
.Nm
is running unprivileged, and that it should not try to change
the owner, the group, or the file flags of the destination.
.It Fl v
Cause
.Nm
to be verbose,
showing files as they are installed or backed up.
.El
.Pp
By default,
.Nm
preserves all file flags, with the exception of the
.Dq nodump
flag.
.Pp
The
.Nm
utility attempts to prevent moving a file onto itself.
.Pp
Installing
.Pa /dev/null
creates an empty file.
.Sh ENVIRONMENT
The
.Nm
utility checks for the presence of the
.Ev STRIPBIN
environment variable and if present,
uses the assigned value as the program to run if and when the
.Fl s
option has been specified.
.Pp
If the
.Ev DONTSTRIP
environment variable is present,
.Nm
will ignore any specification of the
.Fl s
option.
This is mainly for use in debugging the
.Dx
.Xr dports 7
collection.
.Sh FILES
.Bl -tag -width INS@XXXX -compact
.It Pa INS@XXXX
If either
.Fl S
option is specified, or the
.Fl C
or
.Fl p
option is used in conjunction with the
.Fl s
option, temporary files named
.Pa INS@XXXX ,
where
.Pa XXXX
is decided by
.Xr mkstemp 3 ,
are created in the target directory.
.El
.Sh EXIT STATUS
.Ex -std
.Sh COMPATIBILITY
Historically
.Nm
moved files by default.
The default was changed to copy in
.Fx 4.4 .
.Sh SEE ALSO
.Xr chflags 1 ,
.Xr chgrp 1 ,
.Xr chmod 1 ,
.Xr cp 1 ,
.Xr mv 1 ,
.Xr strip 1 ,
.Xr mmap 2 ,
.Xr getgrnam 3 ,
.Xr getpwnam 3 ,
.Xr chown 8
.Sh HISTORY
The
.Nm
utility appeared in
.Bx 4.2 .
.Sh BUGS
Temporary files may be left in the target directory if
.Nm
exits abnormally.
.Pp
File flags cannot be set by
.Xr fchflags 2
over a NFS filesystem.  Other filesystems do not have a concept of flags.
The
.Nm
utility will only warn when flags could not be set on a filesystem
that does not support them.
.Pp
The
.Nm
utility with
.Fl v
falsely says a file is copied when
.Fl C
snaps hard links.