sys/kern/sys_pipe.c

   1 /*
   2  * Copyright (c) 1996 John S. Dyson
   3  * All rights reserved.
   4  *
   5  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
   6  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
   7  * are met:
   8  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
   9  *    notice immediately at the beginning of the file, without modification,
  10  *    this list of conditions, and the following disclaimer.
  11  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
  12  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
  13  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
  14  * 3. Absolutely no warranty of function or purpose is made by the author
  15  *    John S. Dyson.
  16  * 4. Modifications may be freely made to this file if the above conditions
  17  *    are met.
  18  *
  19  * $FreeBSD: src/sys/kern/sys_pipe.c,v 1.60.2.13 2002/08/05 15:05:15 des Exp $
  20  * $DragonFly: src/sys/kern/sys_pipe.c,v 1.15 2004/03/28 08:25:48 dillon Exp $
  21  */
  22
  23 /*
  24  * This file contains a high-performance replacement for the socket-based
  25  * pipes scheme originally used in FreeBSD/4.4Lite.  It does not support
  26  * all features of sockets, but does do everything that pipes normally
  27  * do.
  28  */
  29
  30 /*
  31  * This code has two modes of operation, a small write mode and a large
  32  * write mode.  The small write mode acts like conventional pipes with
  33  * a kernel buffer.  If the buffer is less than PIPE_MINDIRECT, then the
  34  * "normal" pipe buffering is done.  If the buffer is between PIPE_MINDIRECT
  35  * and PIPE_SIZE in size, it is fully mapped and wired into the kernel, and
  36  * the receiving process can copy it directly from the pages in the sending
  37  * process.
  38  *
  39  * If the sending process receives a signal, it is possible that it will
  40  * go away, and certainly its address space can change, because control
  41  * is returned back to the user-mode side.  In that case, the pipe code
  42  * arranges to copy the buffer supplied by the user process, to a pageable
  43  * kernel buffer, and the receiving process will grab the data from the
  44  * pageable kernel buffer.  Since signals don't happen all that often,
  45  * the copy operation is normally eliminated.
  46  *
  47  * The constant PIPE_MINDIRECT is chosen to make sure that buffering will
  48  * happen for small transfers so that the system will not spend all of
  49  * its time context switching.  PIPE_SIZE is constrained by the
  50  * amount of kernel virtual memory.
  51  */
  52
  53 #include <sys/param.h>
  54 #include <sys/systm.h>
  55 #include <sys/kernel.h>
  56 #include <sys/proc.h>
  57 #include <sys/fcntl.h>
  58 #include <sys/file.h>
  59 #include <sys/filedesc.h>
  60 #include <sys/filio.h>
  61 #include <sys/ttycom.h>
  62 #include <sys/stat.h>
  63 #include <sys/poll.h>
  64 #include <sys/select.h>
  65 #include <sys/signalvar.h>
  66 #include <sys/sysproto.h>
  67 #include <sys/pipe.h>
  68 #include <sys/vnode.h>
  69 #include <sys/uio.h>
  70 #include <sys/event.h>
  71 #include <sys/globaldata.h>
  72 #include <sys/module.h>
  73 #include <sys/malloc.h>
  74 #include <sys/sysctl.h>
  75
  76 #include <vm/vm.h>
  77 #include <vm/vm_param.h>
  78 #include <sys/lock.h>
  79 #include <vm/vm_object.h>
  80 #include <vm/vm_kern.h>
  81 #include <vm/vm_extern.h>
  82 #include <vm/pmap.h>
  83 #include <vm/vm_map.h>
  84 #include <vm/vm_page.h>
  85 #include <vm/vm_zone.h>
  86
  87 #include <sys/file2.h>
  88
  89 /*
  90  * Use this define if you want to disable *fancy* VM things.  Expect an
  91  * approx 30% decrease in transfer rate.  This could be useful for
  92  * NetBSD or OpenBSD.
  93  */
  94 /* #define PIPE_NODIRECT */
  95
  96 /*
  97  * interfaces to the outside world
  98  */
  99 static int pipe_read (struct file *fp, struct uio *uio,
 100                 struct ucred *cred, int flags, struct thread *td);
 101 static int pipe_write (struct file *fp, struct uio *uio,
 102                 struct ucred *cred, int flags, struct thread *td);
 103 static int pipe_close (struct file *fp, struct thread *td);
 104 static int pipe_poll (struct file *fp, int events, struct ucred *cred,
 105                 struct thread *td);
 106 static int pipe_kqfilter (struct file *fp, struct knote *kn);
 107 static int pipe_stat (struct file *fp, struct stat *sb, struct thread *td);
 108 static int pipe_ioctl (struct file *fp, u_long cmd, caddr_t data, struct thread *td);
 109
 110 static struct fileops pipeops = {
 111         NULL,   /* port */
 112         0,      /* autoq */
 113         pipe_read, pipe_write, pipe_ioctl, pipe_poll, pipe_kqfilter,
 114         pipe_stat, pipe_close
 115 };
 116
 117 static void     filt_pipedetach(struct knote *kn);
 118 static int      filt_piperead(struct knote *kn, long hint);
 119 static int      filt_pipewrite(struct knote *kn, long hint);
 120
 121 static struct filterops pipe_rfiltops =
 122         { 1, NULL, filt_pipedetach, filt_piperead };
 123 static struct filterops pipe_wfiltops =
 124         { 1, NULL, filt_pipedetach, filt_pipewrite };
 125
 126 MALLOC_DEFINE(M_PIPE, "pipe", "pipe structures");
 127
 128 /*
 129  * Default pipe buffer size(s), this can be kind-of large now because pipe
 130  * space is pageable.  The pipe code will try to maintain locality of
 131  * reference for performance reasons, so small amounts of outstanding I/O
 132  * will not wipe the cache.
 133  */
 134 #define MINPIPESIZE (PIPE_SIZE/3)
 135 #define MAXPIPESIZE (2*PIPE_SIZE/3)
 136
 137 /*
 138  * Maximum amount of kva for pipes -- this is kind-of a soft limit, but
 139  * is there so that on large systems, we don't exhaust it.
 140  */
 141 #define MAXPIPEKVA (8*1024*1024)
 142
 143 /*
 144  * Limit for direct transfers, we cannot, of course limit
 145  * the amount of kva for pipes in general though.
 146  */
 147 #define LIMITPIPEKVA (16*1024*1024)
 148
 149 /*
 150  * Limit the number of "big" pipes
 151  */
 152 #define LIMITBIGPIPES   32
 153 #define PIPEQ_MAX_CACHE 16      /* per-cpu pipe structure cache */
 154
 155 static int pipe_maxbig = LIMITBIGPIPES;
 156 static int pipe_maxcache = PIPEQ_MAX_CACHE;
 157 static int pipe_nbig;
 158 static int pipe_bcache_alloc;
 159 static int pipe_bkmem_alloc;
 160
 161 SYSCTL_NODE(_kern, OID_AUTO, pipe, CTLFLAG_RW, 0, "Pipe operation");
 162 SYSCTL_INT(_kern_pipe, OID_AUTO, nbig,
 163         CTLFLAG_RD, &pipe_nbig, 0, "numer of big pipes allocated");
 164 SYSCTL_INT(_kern_pipe, OID_AUTO, maxcache,
 165         CTLFLAG_RW, &pipe_maxcache, 0, "max pipes cached per-cpu");
 166 SYSCTL_INT(_kern_pipe, OID_AUTO, maxbig,
 167         CTLFLAG_RW, &pipe_maxbig, 0, "max number of big pipes");
 168 #if !defined(NO_PIPE_SYSCTL_STATS)
 169 SYSCTL_INT(_kern_pipe, OID_AUTO, bcache_alloc,
 170         CTLFLAG_RW, &pipe_bcache_alloc, 0, "pipe buffer from pcpu cache");
 171 SYSCTL_INT(_kern_pipe, OID_AUTO, bkmem_alloc,
 172         CTLFLAG_RW, &pipe_bkmem_alloc, 0, "pipe buffer from kmem");
 173 #endif
 174
 175 static void pipeclose (struct pipe *cpipe);
 176 static void pipe_free_kmem (struct pipe *cpipe);
 177 static int pipe_create (struct pipe **cpipep);
 178 static __inline int pipelock (struct pipe *cpipe, int catch);
 179 static __inline void pipeunlock (struct pipe *cpipe);
 180 static __inline void pipeselwakeup (struct pipe *cpipe);
 181 #ifndef PIPE_NODIRECT
 182 static int pipe_build_write_buffer (struct pipe *wpipe, struct uio *uio);
 183 static void pipe_destroy_write_buffer (struct pipe *wpipe);
 184 static int pipe_direct_write (struct pipe *wpipe, struct uio *uio);
 185 static void pipe_clone_write_buffer (struct pipe *wpipe);
 186 #endif
 187 static int pipespace (struct pipe *cpipe, int size);
 188
 189 /*
 190  * The pipe system call for the DTYPE_PIPE type of pipes
 191  *
 192  * pipe_ARgs(int dummy)
 193  */
 194
 195 /* ARGSUSED */
 196 int
 197 pipe(struct pipe_args *uap)
 198 {
 199         struct thread *td = curthread;
 200         struct proc *p = td->td_proc;
 201         struct filedesc *fdp;
 202         struct file *rf, *wf;
 203         struct pipe *rpipe, *wpipe;
 204         int fd1, fd2, error;
 205
 206         KKASSERT(p);
 207         fdp = p->p_fd;
 208
 209         rpipe = wpipe = NULL;
 210         if (pipe_create(&rpipe) || pipe_create(&wpipe)) {
 211                 pipeclose(rpipe);
 212                 pipeclose(wpipe);
 213                 return (ENFILE);
 214         }
 215
 216         rpipe->pipe_state |= PIPE_DIRECTOK;
 217         wpipe->pipe_state |= PIPE_DIRECTOK;
 218
 219         error = falloc(p, &rf, &fd1);
 220         if (error) {
 221                 pipeclose(rpipe);
 222                 pipeclose(wpipe);
 223                 return (error);
 224         }
 225         fhold(rf);
 226         uap->sysmsg_fds[0] = fd1;
 227
 228         /*
 229          * Warning: once we've gotten past allocation of the fd for the
 230          * read-side, we can only drop the read side via fdrop() in order
 231          * to avoid races against processes which manage to dup() the read
 232          * side while we are blocked trying to allocate the write side.
 233          */
 234         rf->f_flag = FREAD | FWRITE;
 235         rf->f_type = DTYPE_PIPE;
 236         rf->f_data = (caddr_t)rpipe;
 237         rf->f_ops = &pipeops;
 238         error = falloc(p, &wf, &fd2);
 239         if (error) {
 240                 if (fdp->fd_ofiles[fd1] == rf) {
 241                         fdp->fd_ofiles[fd1] = NULL;
 242                         fdrop(rf, td);
 243                 }
 244                 fdrop(rf, td);
 245                 /* rpipe has been closed by fdrop(). */
 246                 pipeclose(wpipe);
 247                 return (error);
 248         }
 249         wf->f_flag = FREAD | FWRITE;
 250         wf->f_type = DTYPE_PIPE;
 251         wf->f_data = (caddr_t)wpipe;
 252         wf->f_ops = &pipeops;
 253         uap->sysmsg_fds[1] = fd2;
 254
 255         rpipe->pipe_peer = wpipe;
 256         wpipe->pipe_peer = rpipe;
 257         fdrop(rf, td);
 258
 259         return (0);
 260 }
 261
 262 /*
 263  * Allocate kva for pipe circular buffer, the space is pageable
 264  * This routine will 'realloc' the size of a pipe safely, if it fails
 265  * it will retain the old buffer.
 266  * If it fails it will return ENOMEM.
 267  */
 268 static int
 269 pipespace(struct pipe *cpipe, int size)
 270 {
 271         struct vm_object *object;
 272         caddr_t buffer;
 273         int npages, error;
 274
 275         npages = round_page(size) / PAGE_SIZE;
 276         object = cpipe->pipe_buffer.object;
 277
 278         /*
 279          * [re]create the object if necessary and reserve space for it
 280          * in the kernel_map.  The object and memory are pageable.  On
 281          * success, free the old resources before assigning the new
 282          * ones.
 283          */
 284         if (object == NULL || object->size != npages) {
 285                 object = vm_object_allocate(OBJT_DEFAULT, npages);
 286                 buffer = (caddr_t) vm_map_min(kernel_map);
 287
 288                 error = vm_map_find(kernel_map, object, 0,
 289                         (vm_offset_t *) &buffer, size, 1,
 290                         VM_PROT_ALL, VM_PROT_ALL, 0);
 291
 292                 if (error != KERN_SUCCESS) {
 293                         vm_object_deallocate(object);
 294                         return (ENOMEM);
 295                 }
 296                 pipe_free_kmem(cpipe);
 297                 cpipe->pipe_buffer.object = object;
 298                 cpipe->pipe_buffer.buffer = buffer;
 299                 cpipe->pipe_buffer.size = size;
 300                 ++pipe_bkmem_alloc;
 301         } else {
 302                 ++pipe_bcache_alloc;
 303         }
 304         cpipe->pipe_buffer.in = 0;
 305         cpipe->pipe_buffer.out = 0;
 306         cpipe->pipe_buffer.cnt = 0;
 307         return (0);
 308 }
 309
 310 /*
 311  * Initialize and allocate VM and memory for pipe, pulling the pipe from
 312  * our per-cpu cache if possible.  For now make sure it is sized for the
 313  * smaller PIPE_SIZE default.
 314  */
 315 static int
 316 pipe_create(cpipep)
 317         struct pipe **cpipep;
 318 {
 319         globaldata_t gd = mycpu;
 320         struct pipe *cpipe;
 321         int error;
 322
 323         if ((cpipe = gd->gd_pipeq) != NULL) {
 324                 gd->gd_pipeq = cpipe->pipe_peer;
 325                 --gd->gd_pipeqcount;
 326                 cpipe->pipe_peer = NULL;
 327         } else {
 328                 cpipe = malloc(sizeof(struct pipe), M_PIPE, M_WAITOK|M_ZERO);
 329         }
 330         *cpipep = cpipe;
 331         if ((error = pipespace(cpipe, PIPE_SIZE)) != 0)
 332                 return (error);
 333         vfs_timestamp(&cpipe->pipe_ctime);
 334         cpipe->pipe_atime = cpipe->pipe_ctime;
 335         cpipe->pipe_mtime = cpipe->pipe_ctime;
 336         return (0);
 337 }
 338
 339
 340 /*
 341  * lock a pipe for I/O, blocking other access
 342  */
 343 static __inline int
 344 pipelock(cpipe, catch)
 345         struct pipe *cpipe;
 346         int catch;
 347 {
 348         int error;
 349
 350         while (cpipe->pipe_state & PIPE_LOCK) {
 351                 cpipe->pipe_state |= PIPE_LWANT;
 352                 error = tsleep(cpipe, (catch ? PCATCH : 0), "pipelk", 0);
 353                 if (error != 0)
 354                         return (error);
 355         }
 356         cpipe->pipe_state |= PIPE_LOCK;
 357         return (0);
 358 }
 359
 360 /*
 361  * unlock a pipe I/O lock
 362  */
 363 static __inline void
 364 pipeunlock(cpipe)
 365         struct pipe *cpipe;
 366 {
 367
 368         cpipe->pipe_state &= ~PIPE_LOCK;
 369         if (cpipe->pipe_state & PIPE_LWANT) {
 370                 cpipe->pipe_state &= ~PIPE_LWANT;
 371                 wakeup(cpipe);
 372         }
 373 }
 374
 375 static __inline void
 376 pipeselwakeup(cpipe)
 377         struct pipe *cpipe;
 378 {
 379
 380         if (cpipe->pipe_state & PIPE_SEL) {
 381                 cpipe->pipe_state &= ~PIPE_SEL;
 382                 selwakeup(&cpipe->pipe_sel);
 383         }
 384         if ((cpipe->pipe_state & PIPE_ASYNC) && cpipe->pipe_sigio)
 385                 pgsigio(cpipe->pipe_sigio, SIGIO, 0);
 386         KNOTE(&cpipe->pipe_sel.si_note, 0);
 387 }
 388
 389 /* ARGSUSED */
 390 static int
 391 pipe_read(struct file *fp, struct uio *uio, struct ucred *cred,
 392         int flags, struct thread *td)
 393 {
 394         struct pipe *rpipe = (struct pipe *) fp->f_data;
 395         int error;
 396         int nread = 0;
 397         u_int size;
 398
 399         ++rpipe->pipe_busy;
 400         error = pipelock(rpipe, 1);
 401         if (error)
 402                 goto unlocked_error;
 403
 404         while (uio->uio_resid) {
 405                 /*
 406                  * normal pipe buffer receive
 407                  */
 408                 if (rpipe->pipe_buffer.cnt > 0) {
 409                         size = rpipe->pipe_buffer.size - rpipe->pipe_buffer.out;
 410                         if (size > rpipe->pipe_buffer.cnt)
 411                                 size = rpipe->pipe_buffer.cnt;
 412                         if (size > (u_int) uio->uio_resid)
 413                                 size = (u_int) uio->uio_resid;
 414
 415                         error = uiomove(&rpipe->pipe_buffer.buffer[rpipe->pipe_buffer.out],
 416                                         size, uio);
 417                         if (error)
 418                                 break;
 419
 420                         rpipe->pipe_buffer.out += size;
 421                         if (rpipe->pipe_buffer.out >= rpipe->pipe_buffer.size)
 422                                 rpipe->pipe_buffer.out = 0;
 423
 424                         rpipe->pipe_buffer.cnt -= size;
 425
 426                         /*
 427                          * If there is no more to read in the pipe, reset
 428                          * its pointers to the beginning.  This improves
 429                          * cache hit stats.
 430                          */
 431                         if (rpipe->pipe_buffer.cnt == 0) {
 432                                 rpipe->pipe_buffer.in = 0;
 433                                 rpipe->pipe_buffer.out = 0;
 434                         }
 435                         nread += size;
 436 #ifndef PIPE_NODIRECT
 437                 /*
 438                  * Direct copy, bypassing a kernel buffer.
 439                  */
 440                 } else if ((size = rpipe->pipe_map.cnt) &&
 441                            (rpipe->pipe_state & PIPE_DIRECTW)) {
 442                         if (size > (u_int) uio->uio_resid)
 443                                 size = (u_int) uio->uio_resid;
 444                         error = uiomove_fromphys(rpipe->pipe_map.ms,
 445                                         rpipe->pipe_map.pos, size, uio);
 446                         if (error)
 447                                 break;
 448                         nread += size;
 449                         rpipe->pipe_map.pos += size;
 450                         rpipe->pipe_map.cnt -= size;
 451                         if (rpipe->pipe_map.cnt == 0) {
 452                                 rpipe->pipe_state &= ~PIPE_DIRECTW;
 453                                 wakeup(rpipe);
 454                         }
 455 #endif
 456                 } else {
 457                         /*
 458                          * detect EOF condition
 459                          * read returns 0 on EOF, no need to set error
 460                          */
 461                         if (rpipe->pipe_state & PIPE_EOF)
 462                                 break;
 463
 464                         /*
 465                          * If the "write-side" has been blocked, wake it up now.
 466                          */
 467                         if (rpipe->pipe_state & PIPE_WANTW) {
 468                                 rpipe->pipe_state &= ~PIPE_WANTW;
 469                                 wakeup(rpipe);
 470                         }
 471
 472                         /*
 473                          * Break if some data was read.
 474                          */
 475                         if (nread > 0)
 476                                 break;
 477
 478                         /*
 479                          * Unlock the pipe buffer for our remaining processing.  We
 480                          * will either break out with an error or we will sleep and
 481                          * relock to loop.
 482                          */
 483                         pipeunlock(rpipe);
 484
 485                         /*
 486                          * Handle non-blocking mode operation or
 487                          * wait for more data.
 488                          */
 489                         if (fp->f_flag & FNONBLOCK) {
 490                                 error = EAGAIN;
 491                         } else {
 492                                 rpipe->pipe_state |= PIPE_WANTR;
 493                                 if ((error = tsleep(rpipe, PCATCH,
 494                                     "piperd", 0)) == 0) {
 495                                         error = pipelock(rpipe, 1);
 496                                 }
 497                         }
 498                         if (error)
 499                                 goto unlocked_error;
 500                 }
 501         }
 502         pipeunlock(rpipe);
 503
 504         if (error == 0)
 505                 vfs_timestamp(&rpipe->pipe_atime);
 506 unlocked_error:
 507         --rpipe->pipe_busy;
 508
 509         /*
 510          * PIPE_WANT processing only makes sense if pipe_busy is 0.
 511          */
 512         if ((rpipe->pipe_busy == 0) && (rpipe->pipe_state & PIPE_WANT)) {
 513                 rpipe->pipe_state &= ~(PIPE_WANT|PIPE_WANTW);
 514                 wakeup(rpipe);
 515         } else if (rpipe->pipe_buffer.cnt < MINPIPESIZE) {
 516                 /*
 517                  * Handle write blocking hysteresis.
 518                  */
 519                 if (rpipe->pipe_state & PIPE_WANTW) {
 520                         rpipe->pipe_state &= ~PIPE_WANTW;
 521                         wakeup(rpipe);
 522                 }
 523         }
 524
 525         if ((rpipe->pipe_buffer.size - rpipe->pipe_buffer.cnt) >= PIPE_BUF)
 526                 pipeselwakeup(rpipe);
 527
 528         return (error);
 529 }
 530
 531 #ifndef PIPE_NODIRECT
 532 /*
 533  * Map the sending processes' buffer into kernel space and wire it.
 534  * This is similar to a physical write operation.
 535  */
 536 static int
 537 pipe_build_write_buffer(wpipe, uio)
 538         struct pipe *wpipe;
 539         struct uio *uio;
 540 {
 541         u_int size;
 542         int i;
 543         vm_offset_t addr, endaddr;
 544         vm_paddr_t paddr;
 545
 546         size = (u_int) uio->uio_iov->iov_len;
 547         if (size > wpipe->pipe_buffer.size)
 548                 size = wpipe->pipe_buffer.size;
 549
 550         endaddr = round_page((vm_offset_t)uio->uio_iov->iov_base + size);
 551         addr = trunc_page((vm_offset_t)uio->uio_iov->iov_base);
 552         for (i = 0; addr < endaddr; addr += PAGE_SIZE, i++) {
 553                 vm_page_t m;
 554
 555                 if (vm_fault_quick((caddr_t)addr, VM_PROT_READ) < 0 ||
 556                     (paddr = pmap_kextract(addr)) == 0) {
 557                         int j;
 558
 559                         for (j = 0; j < i; j++)
 560                                 vm_page_unhold(wpipe->pipe_map.ms[j]);
 561                         return (EFAULT);
 562                 }
 563
 564                 m = PHYS_TO_VM_PAGE(paddr);
 565                 vm_page_hold(m);
 566                 wpipe->pipe_map.ms[i] = m;
 567         }
 568
 569         /*
 570          * set up the control block
 571          */
 572         wpipe->pipe_map.npages = i;
 573         wpipe->pipe_map.pos =
 574             ((vm_offset_t) uio->uio_iov->iov_base) & PAGE_MASK;
 575         wpipe->pipe_map.cnt = size;
 576
 577         /*
 578          * and update the uio data
 579          */
 580         uio->uio_iov->iov_len -= size;
 581         uio->uio_iov->iov_base += size;
 582         if (uio->uio_iov->iov_len == 0)
 583                 uio->uio_iov++;
 584         uio->uio_resid -= size;
 585         uio->uio_offset += size;
 586         return (0);
 587 }
 588
 589 /*
 590  * unmap and unwire the process buffer
 591  */
 592 static void
 593 pipe_destroy_write_buffer(wpipe)
 594         struct pipe *wpipe;
 595 {
 596         int i;
 597
 598         for (i = 0; i < wpipe->pipe_map.npages; i++) {
 599                 vm_page_unhold(wpipe->pipe_map.ms[i]);
 600                 wpipe->pipe_map.ms[i] = NULL;   /* sanity */
 601         }
 602         wpipe->pipe_map.npages = 0;
 603 }
 604
 605 /*
 606  * In the case of a signal, the writing process might go away.  This
 607  * code copies the data into the circular buffer so that the source
 608  * pages can be freed without loss of data.
 609  */
 610 static void
 611 pipe_clone_write_buffer(wpipe)
 612         struct pipe *wpipe;
 613 {
 614         struct uio uio;
 615         struct iovec iov;
 616         int size;
 617         int pos;
 618
 619         size = wpipe->pipe_map.cnt;
 620         pos = wpipe->pipe_map.pos;
 621
 622         wpipe->pipe_buffer.in = size;
 623         wpipe->pipe_buffer.out = 0;
 624         wpipe->pipe_buffer.cnt = size;
 625         wpipe->pipe_state &= ~PIPE_DIRECTW;
 626
 627         iov.iov_base = wpipe->pipe_buffer.buffer;
 628         iov.iov_len = size;
 629         uio.uio_iov = &iov;
 630         uio.uio_iovcnt = 1;
 631         uio.uio_offset = 0;
 632         uio.uio_resid = size;
 633         uio.uio_segflg = UIO_SYSSPACE;
 634         uio.uio_rw = UIO_READ;
 635         uio.uio_td = curthread;
 636         uiomove_fromphys(wpipe->pipe_map.ms, pos, size, &uio);
 637
 638         pipe_destroy_write_buffer(wpipe);
 639 }
 640
 641 /*
 642  * This implements the pipe buffer write mechanism.  Note that only
 643  * a direct write OR a normal pipe write can be pending at any given time.
 644  * If there are any characters in the pipe buffer, the direct write will
 645  * be deferred until the receiving process grabs all of the bytes from
 646  * the pipe buffer.  Then the direct mapping write is set-up.
 647  */
 648 static int
 649 pipe_direct_write(wpipe, uio)
 650         struct pipe *wpipe;
 651         struct uio *uio;
 652 {
 653         int error;
 654
 655 retry:
 656         while (wpipe->pipe_state & PIPE_DIRECTW) {
 657                 if (wpipe->pipe_state & PIPE_WANTR) {
 658                         wpipe->pipe_state &= ~PIPE_WANTR;
 659                         wakeup(wpipe);
 660                 }
 661                 wpipe->pipe_state |= PIPE_WANTW;
 662                 error = tsleep(wpipe, PCATCH, "pipdww", 0);
 663                 if (error)
 664                         goto error1;
 665                 if (wpipe->pipe_state & PIPE_EOF) {
 666                         error = EPIPE;
 667                         goto error1;
 668                 }
 669         }
 670         wpipe->pipe_map.cnt = 0;        /* transfer not ready yet */
 671         if (wpipe->pipe_buffer.cnt > 0) {
 672                 if (wpipe->pipe_state & PIPE_WANTR) {
 673                         wpipe->pipe_state &= ~PIPE_WANTR;
 674                         wakeup(wpipe);
 675                 }
 676
 677                 wpipe->pipe_state |= PIPE_WANTW;
 678                 error = tsleep(wpipe, PCATCH, "pipdwc", 0);
 679                 if (error)
 680                         goto error1;
 681                 if (wpipe->pipe_state & PIPE_EOF) {
 682                         error = EPIPE;
 683                         goto error1;
 684                 }
 685                 goto retry;
 686         }
 687
 688         /*
 689          * Build our direct-write buffer
 690          */
 691         wpipe->pipe_state |= PIPE_DIRECTW;
 692         error = pipe_build_write_buffer(wpipe, uio);
 693         if (error) {
 694                 wpipe->pipe_state &= ~PIPE_DIRECTW;
 695                 goto error1;
 696         }
 697
 698         /*
 699          * Wait until the receiver has snarfed the data.  Since we are likely
 700          * going to sleep we optimize the case and yield synchronously,
 701          * possibly avoiding the tsleep().
 702          */
 703         error = 0;
 704         while (!error && (wpipe->pipe_state & PIPE_DIRECTW)) {
 705                 if (wpipe->pipe_state & PIPE_EOF) {
 706                         pipelock(wpipe, 0);
 707                         pipe_destroy_write_buffer(wpipe);
 708                         pipeunlock(wpipe);
 709                         pipeselwakeup(wpipe);
 710                         error = EPIPE;
 711                         goto error1;
 712                 }
 713                 if (wpipe->pipe_state & PIPE_WANTR) {
 714                         wpipe->pipe_state &= ~PIPE_WANTR;
 715                         wakeup(wpipe);
 716                 }
 717                 pipeselwakeup(wpipe);
 718                 error = tsleep(wpipe, PCATCH, "pipdwt", 0);
 719         }
 720
 721         pipelock(wpipe,0);
 722         if (wpipe->pipe_state & PIPE_DIRECTW) {
 723                 /*
 724                  * this bit of trickery substitutes a kernel buffer for
 725                  * the process that might be going away.
 726                  */
 727                 pipe_clone_write_buffer(wpipe);
 728         } else {
 729                 pipe_destroy_write_buffer(wpipe);
 730         }
 731         pipeunlock(wpipe);
 732         return (error);
 733
 734 error1:
 735         wakeup(wpipe);
 736         return (error);
 737 }
 738 #endif
 739
 740 static int
 741 pipe_write(struct file *fp, struct uio *uio, struct ucred *cred,
 742         int flags, struct thread *td)
 743 {
 744         int error = 0;
 745         int orig_resid;
 746         struct pipe *wpipe, *rpipe;
 747
 748         rpipe = (struct pipe *) fp->f_data;
 749         wpipe = rpipe->pipe_peer;
 750
 751         /*
 752          * detect loss of pipe read side, issue SIGPIPE if lost.
 753          */
 754         if ((wpipe == NULL) || (wpipe->pipe_state & PIPE_EOF)) {
 755                 return (EPIPE);
 756         }
 757         ++wpipe->pipe_busy;
 758
 759         /*
 760          * If it is advantageous to resize the pipe buffer, do
 761          * so.
 762          */
 763         if ((uio->uio_resid > PIPE_SIZE) &&
 764                 (pipe_nbig < pipe_maxbig) &&
 765                 (wpipe->pipe_state & PIPE_DIRECTW) == 0 &&
 766                 (wpipe->pipe_buffer.size <= PIPE_SIZE) &&
 767                 (wpipe->pipe_buffer.cnt == 0)) {
 768
 769                 if ((error = pipelock(wpipe,1)) == 0) {
 770                         if (pipespace(wpipe, BIG_PIPE_SIZE) == 0)
 771                                 pipe_nbig++;
 772                         pipeunlock(wpipe);
 773                 }
 774         }
 775
 776         /*
 777          * If an early error occured unbusy and return, waking up any pending
 778          * readers.
 779          */
 780         if (error) {
 781                 --wpipe->pipe_busy;
 782                 if ((wpipe->pipe_busy == 0) &&
 783                     (wpipe->pipe_state & PIPE_WANT)) {
 784                         wpipe->pipe_state &= ~(PIPE_WANT | PIPE_WANTR);
 785                         wakeup(wpipe);
 786                 }
 787                 return(error);
 788         }
 789
 790         KASSERT(wpipe->pipe_buffer.buffer != NULL, ("pipe buffer gone"));
 791
 792         orig_resid = uio->uio_resid;
 793
 794         while (uio->uio_resid) {
 795                 int space;
 796
 797 #ifndef PIPE_NODIRECT
 798                 /*
 799                  * If the transfer is large, we can gain performance if
 800                  * we do process-to-process copies directly.
 801                  * If the write is non-blocking, we don't use the
 802                  * direct write mechanism.
 803                  *
 804                  * The direct write mechanism will detect the reader going
 805                  * away on us.
 806                  */
 807                 if ((uio->uio_iov->iov_len >= PIPE_MINDIRECT) &&
 808                     (fp->f_flag & FNONBLOCK) == 0) {
 809                         error = pipe_direct_write( wpipe, uio);
 810                         if (error)
 811                                 break;
 812                         continue;
 813                 }
 814 #endif
 815
 816                 /*
 817                  * Pipe buffered writes cannot be coincidental with
 818                  * direct writes.  We wait until the currently executing
 819                  * direct write is completed before we start filling the
 820                  * pipe buffer.  We break out if a signal occurs or the
 821                  * reader goes away.
 822                  */
 823         retrywrite:
 824                 while (wpipe->pipe_state & PIPE_DIRECTW) {
 825                         if (wpipe->pipe_state & PIPE_WANTR) {
 826                                 wpipe->pipe_state &= ~PIPE_WANTR;
 827                                 wakeup(wpipe);
 828                         }
 829                         error = tsleep(wpipe, PCATCH, "pipbww", 0);
 830                         if (wpipe->pipe_state & PIPE_EOF)
 831                                 break;
 832                         if (error)
 833                                 break;
 834                 }
 835                 if (wpipe->pipe_state & PIPE_EOF) {
 836                         error = EPIPE;
 837                         break;
 838                 }
 839
 840                 space = wpipe->pipe_buffer.size - wpipe->pipe_buffer.cnt;
 841
 842                 /* Writes of size <= PIPE_BUF must be atomic. */
 843                 if ((space < uio->uio_resid) && (orig_resid <= PIPE_BUF))
 844                         space = 0;
 845
 846                 /*
 847                  * Write to fill, read size handles write hysteresis.  Also
 848                  * additional restrictions can cause select-based non-blocking
 849                  * writes to spin.
 850                  */
 851                 if (space > 0) {
 852                         if ((error = pipelock(wpipe,1)) == 0) {
 853                                 int size;       /* Transfer size */
 854                                 int segsize;    /* first segment to transfer */
 855
 856                                 /*
 857                                  * It is possible for a direct write to
 858                                  * slip in on us... handle it here...
 859                                  */
 860                                 if (wpipe->pipe_state & PIPE_DIRECTW) {
 861                                         pipeunlock(wpipe);
 862                                         goto retrywrite;
 863                                 }
 864                                 /*
 865                                  * If a process blocked in uiomove, our
 866                                  * value for space might be bad.
 867                                  *
 868                                  * XXX will we be ok if the reader has gone
 869                                  * away here?
 870                                  */
 871                                 if (space > wpipe->pipe_buffer.size -
 872                                     wpipe->pipe_buffer.cnt) {
 873                                         pipeunlock(wpipe);
 874                                         goto retrywrite;
 875                                 }
 876
 877                                 /*
 878                                  * Transfer size is minimum of uio transfer
 879                                  * and free space in pipe buffer.
 880                                  */
 881                                 if (space > uio->uio_resid)
 882                                         size = uio->uio_resid;
 883                                 else
 884                                         size = space;
 885                                 /*
 886                                  * First segment to transfer is minimum of
 887                                  * transfer size and contiguous space in
 888                                  * pipe buffer.  If first segment to transfer
 889                                  * is less than the transfer size, we've got
 890                                  * a wraparound in the buffer.
 891                                  */
 892                                 segsize = wpipe->pipe_buffer.size -
 893                                         wpipe->pipe_buffer.in;
 894                                 if (segsize > size)
 895                                         segsize = size;
 896
 897                                 /* Transfer first segment */
 898
 899                                 error = uiomove(&wpipe->pipe_buffer.buffer[wpipe->pipe_buffer.in],
 900                                                 segsize, uio);
 901
 902                                 if (error == 0 && segsize < size) {
 903                                         /*
 904                                          * Transfer remaining part now, to
 905                                          * support atomic writes.  Wraparound
 906                                          * happened.
 907                                          */
 908                                         if (wpipe->pipe_buffer.in + segsize !=
 909                                             wpipe->pipe_buffer.size)
 910                                                 panic("Expected pipe buffer wraparound disappeared");
 911
 912                                         error = uiomove(&wpipe->pipe_buffer.buffer[0],
 913                                                         size - segsize, uio);
 914                                 }
 915                                 if (error == 0) {
 916                                         wpipe->pipe_buffer.in += size;
 917                                         if (wpipe->pipe_buffer.in >=
 918                                             wpipe->pipe_buffer.size) {
 919                                                 if (wpipe->pipe_buffer.in != size - segsize + wpipe->pipe_buffer.size)
 920                                                         panic("Expected wraparound bad");
 921                                                 wpipe->pipe_buffer.in = size - segsize;
 922                                         }
 923
 924                                         wpipe->pipe_buffer.cnt += size;
 925                                         if (wpipe->pipe_buffer.cnt > wpipe->pipe_buffer.size)
 926                                                 panic("Pipe buffer overflow");
 927
 928                                 }
 929                                 pipeunlock(wpipe);
 930                         }
 931                         if (error)
 932                                 break;
 933
 934                 } else {
 935                         /*
 936                          * If the "read-side" has been blocked, wake it up now
 937                          * and yield to let it drain synchronously rather
 938                          * then block.
 939                          */
 940                         if (wpipe->pipe_state & PIPE_WANTR) {
 941                                 wpipe->pipe_state &= ~PIPE_WANTR;
 942                                 wakeup(wpipe);
 943                         }
 944
 945                         /*
 946                          * don't block on non-blocking I/O
 947                          */
 948                         if (fp->f_flag & FNONBLOCK) {
 949                                 error = EAGAIN;
 950                                 break;
 951                         }
 952
 953                         /*
 954                          * We have no more space and have something to offer,
 955                          * wake up select/poll.
 956                          */
 957                         pipeselwakeup(wpipe);
 958
 959                         wpipe->pipe_state |= PIPE_WANTW;
 960                         error = tsleep(wpipe, PCATCH, "pipewr", 0);
 961                         if (error != 0)
 962                                 break;
 963                         /*
 964                          * If read side wants to go away, we just issue a signal
 965                          * to ourselves.
 966                          */
 967                         if (wpipe->pipe_state & PIPE_EOF) {
 968                                 error = EPIPE;
 969                                 break;
 970                         }
 971                 }
 972         }
 973
 974         --wpipe->pipe_busy;
 975
 976         if ((wpipe->pipe_busy == 0) && (wpipe->pipe_state & PIPE_WANT)) {
 977                 wpipe->pipe_state &= ~(PIPE_WANT | PIPE_WANTR);
 978                 wakeup(wpipe);
 979         } else if (wpipe->pipe_buffer.cnt > 0) {
 980                 /*
 981                  * If we have put any characters in the buffer, we wake up
 982                  * the reader.
 983                  */
 984                 if (wpipe->pipe_state & PIPE_WANTR) {
 985                         wpipe->pipe_state &= ~PIPE_WANTR;
 986                         wakeup(wpipe);
 987                 }
 988         }
 989
 990         /*
 991          * Don't return EPIPE if I/O was successful
 992          */
 993         if ((wpipe->pipe_buffer.cnt == 0) &&
 994             (uio->uio_resid == 0) &&
 995             (error == EPIPE)) {
 996                 error = 0;
 997         }
 998
 999         if (error == 0)
1000                 vfs_timestamp(&wpipe->pipe_mtime);
1001
1002         /*
1003          * We have something to offer,
1004          * wake up select/poll.
1005          */
1006         if (wpipe->pipe_buffer.cnt)
1007                 pipeselwakeup(wpipe);
1008
1009         return (error);
1010 }
1011
1012 /*
1013  * we implement a very minimal set of ioctls for compatibility with sockets.
1014  */
1015 int
1016 pipe_ioctl(struct file *fp, u_long cmd, caddr_t data, struct thread *td)
1017 {
1018         struct pipe *mpipe = (struct pipe *)fp->f_data;
1019
1020         switch (cmd) {
1021
1022         case FIONBIO:
1023                 return (0);
1024
1025         case FIOASYNC:
1026                 if (*(int *)data) {
1027                         mpipe->pipe_state |= PIPE_ASYNC;
1028                 } else {
1029                         mpipe->pipe_state &= ~PIPE_ASYNC;
1030                 }
1031                 return (0);
1032
1033         case FIONREAD:
1034                 if (mpipe->pipe_state & PIPE_DIRECTW)
1035                         *(int *)data = mpipe->pipe_map.cnt;
1036                 else
1037                         *(int *)data = mpipe->pipe_buffer.cnt;
1038                 return (0);
1039
1040         case FIOSETOWN:
1041                 return (fsetown(*(int *)data, &mpipe->pipe_sigio));
1042
1043         case FIOGETOWN:
1044                 *(int *)data = fgetown(mpipe->pipe_sigio);
1045                 return (0);
1046
1047         /* This is deprecated, FIOSETOWN should be used instead. */
1048         case TIOCSPGRP:
1049                 return (fsetown(-(*(int *)data), &mpipe->pipe_sigio));
1050
1051         /* This is deprecated, FIOGETOWN should be used instead. */
1052         case TIOCGPGRP:
1053                 *(int *)data = -fgetown(mpipe->pipe_sigio);
1054                 return (0);
1055
1056         }
1057         return (ENOTTY);
1058 }
1059
1060 int
1061 pipe_poll(struct file *fp, int events, struct ucred *cred, struct thread *td)
1062 {
1063         struct pipe *rpipe = (struct pipe *)fp->f_data;
1064         struct pipe *wpipe;
1065         int revents = 0;
1066
1067         wpipe = rpipe->pipe_peer;
1068         if (events & (POLLIN | POLLRDNORM))
1069                 if ((rpipe->pipe_state & PIPE_DIRECTW) ||
1070                     (rpipe->pipe_buffer.cnt > 0) ||
1071                     (rpipe->pipe_state & PIPE_EOF))
1072                         revents |= events & (POLLIN | POLLRDNORM);
1073
1074         if (events & (POLLOUT | POLLWRNORM))
1075                 if (wpipe == NULL || (wpipe->pipe_state & PIPE_EOF) ||
1076                     (((wpipe->pipe_state & PIPE_DIRECTW) == 0) &&
1077                      (wpipe->pipe_buffer.size - wpipe->pipe_buffer.cnt) >= PIPE_BUF))
1078                         revents |= events & (POLLOUT | POLLWRNORM);
1079
1080         if ((rpipe->pipe_state & PIPE_EOF) ||
1081             (wpipe == NULL) ||
1082             (wpipe->pipe_state & PIPE_EOF))
1083                 revents |= POLLHUP;
1084
1085         if (revents == 0) {
1086                 if (events & (POLLIN | POLLRDNORM)) {
1087                         selrecord(td, &rpipe->pipe_sel);
1088                         rpipe->pipe_state |= PIPE_SEL;
1089                 }
1090
1091                 if (events & (POLLOUT | POLLWRNORM)) {
1092                         selrecord(td, &wpipe->pipe_sel);
1093                         wpipe->pipe_state |= PIPE_SEL;
1094                 }
1095         }
1096
1097         return (revents);
1098 }
1099
1100 static int
1101 pipe_stat(struct file *fp, struct stat *ub, struct thread *td)
1102 {
1103         struct pipe *pipe = (struct pipe *)fp->f_data;
1104
1105         bzero((caddr_t)ub, sizeof(*ub));
1106         ub->st_mode = S_IFIFO;
1107         ub->st_blksize = pipe->pipe_buffer.size;
1108         ub->st_size = pipe->pipe_buffer.cnt;
1109         ub->st_blocks = (ub->st_size + ub->st_blksize - 1) / ub->st_blksize;
1110         ub->st_atimespec = pipe->pipe_atime;
1111         ub->st_mtimespec = pipe->pipe_mtime;
1112         ub->st_ctimespec = pipe->pipe_ctime;
1113         /*
1114          * Left as 0: st_dev, st_ino, st_nlink, st_uid, st_gid, st_rdev,
1115          * st_flags, st_gen.
1116          * XXX (st_dev, st_ino) should be unique.
1117          */
1118         return (0);
1119 }
1120
1121 /* ARGSUSED */
1122 static int
1123 pipe_close(struct file *fp, struct thread *td)
1124 {
1125         struct pipe *cpipe = (struct pipe *)fp->f_data;
1126
1127         fp->f_ops = &badfileops;
1128         fp->f_data = NULL;
1129         funsetown(cpipe->pipe_sigio);
1130         pipeclose(cpipe);
1131         return (0);
1132 }
1133
1134 static void
1135 pipe_free_kmem(struct pipe *cpipe)
1136 {
1137         if (cpipe->pipe_buffer.buffer != NULL) {
1138                 if (cpipe->pipe_buffer.size > PIPE_SIZE)
1139                         --pipe_nbig;
1140                 kmem_free(kernel_map,
1141                         (vm_offset_t)cpipe->pipe_buffer.buffer,
1142                         cpipe->pipe_buffer.size);
1143                 cpipe->pipe_buffer.buffer = NULL;
1144                 cpipe->pipe_buffer.object = NULL;
1145         }
1146 #ifndef PIPE_NODIRECT
1147         cpipe->pipe_map.cnt = 0;
1148         cpipe->pipe_map.pos = 0;
1149         cpipe->pipe_map.npages = 0;
1150 #endif
1151 }
1152
1153 /*
1154  * shutdown the pipe
1155  */
1156 static void
1157 pipeclose(struct pipe *cpipe)
1158 {
1159         globaldata_t gd;
1160         struct pipe *ppipe;
1161
1162         if (cpipe == NULL)
1163                 return;
1164
1165         pipeselwakeup(cpipe);
1166
1167         /*
1168          * If the other side is blocked, wake it up saying that
1169          * we want to close it down.
1170          */
1171         while (cpipe->pipe_busy) {
1172                 wakeup(cpipe);
1173                 cpipe->pipe_state |= PIPE_WANT | PIPE_EOF;
1174                 tsleep(cpipe, 0, "pipecl", 0);
1175         }
1176
1177         /*
1178          * Disconnect from peer
1179          */
1180         if ((ppipe = cpipe->pipe_peer) != NULL) {
1181                 pipeselwakeup(ppipe);
1182
1183                 ppipe->pipe_state |= PIPE_EOF;
1184                 wakeup(ppipe);
1185                 KNOTE(&ppipe->pipe_sel.si_note, 0);
1186                 ppipe->pipe_peer = NULL;
1187         }
1188
1189         /*
1190          * free or cache resources
1191          */
1192         gd = mycpu;
1193         if (gd->gd_pipeqcount >= pipe_maxcache ||
1194             cpipe->pipe_buffer.size != PIPE_SIZE
1195         ) {
1196                 pipe_free_kmem(cpipe);
1197                 free(cpipe, M_PIPE);
1198         } else {
1199                 KKASSERT(cpipe->pipe_map.npages == 0);
1200
1201                 cpipe->pipe_state = 0;
1202                 cpipe->pipe_busy = 0;
1203                 cpipe->pipe_map.cnt = 0;
1204                 cpipe->pipe_map.pos = 0;
1205                 cpipe->pipe_peer = gd->gd_pipeq;
1206                 gd->gd_pipeq = cpipe;
1207                 ++gd->gd_pipeqcount;
1208         }
1209 }
1210
1211 /*ARGSUSED*/
1212 static int
1213 pipe_kqfilter(struct file *fp, struct knote *kn)
1214 {
1215         struct pipe *cpipe = (struct pipe *)kn->kn_fp->f_data;
1216
1217         switch (kn->kn_filter) {
1218         case EVFILT_READ:
1219                 kn->kn_fop = &pipe_rfiltops;
1220                 break;
1221         case EVFILT_WRITE:
1222                 kn->kn_fop = &pipe_wfiltops;
1223                 cpipe = cpipe->pipe_peer;
1224                 if (cpipe == NULL)
1225                         /* other end of pipe has been closed */
1226                         return (EPIPE);
1227                 break;
1228         default:
1229                 return (1);
1230         }
1231         kn->kn_hook = (caddr_t)cpipe;
1232
1233         SLIST_INSERT_HEAD(&cpipe->pipe_sel.si_note, kn, kn_selnext);
1234         return (0);
1235 }
1236
1237 static void
1238 filt_pipedetach(struct knote *kn)
1239 {
1240         struct pipe *cpipe = (struct pipe *)kn->kn_hook;
1241
1242         SLIST_REMOVE(&cpipe->pipe_sel.si_note, kn, knote, kn_selnext);
1243 }
1244
1245 /*ARGSUSED*/
1246 static int
1247 filt_piperead(struct knote *kn, long hint)
1248 {
1249         struct pipe *rpipe = (struct pipe *)kn->kn_fp->f_data;
1250         struct pipe *wpipe = rpipe->pipe_peer;
1251
1252         kn->kn_data = rpipe->pipe_buffer.cnt;
1253         if ((kn->kn_data == 0) && (rpipe->pipe_state & PIPE_DIRECTW))
1254                 kn->kn_data = rpipe->pipe_map.cnt;
1255
1256         if ((rpipe->pipe_state & PIPE_EOF) ||
1257             (wpipe == NULL) || (wpipe->pipe_state & PIPE_EOF)) {
1258                 kn->kn_flags |= EV_EOF;
1259                 return (1);
1260         }
1261         return (kn->kn_data > 0);
1262 }
1263
1264 /*ARGSUSED*/
1265 static int
1266 filt_pipewrite(struct knote *kn, long hint)
1267 {
1268         struct pipe *rpipe = (struct pipe *)kn->kn_fp->f_data;
1269         struct pipe *wpipe = rpipe->pipe_peer;
1270
1271         if ((wpipe == NULL) || (wpipe->pipe_state & PIPE_EOF)) {
1272                 kn->kn_data = 0;
1273                 kn->kn_flags |= EV_EOF;
1274                 return (1);
1275         }
1276         kn->kn_data = wpipe->pipe_buffer.size - wpipe->pipe_buffer.cnt;
1277         if (wpipe->pipe_state & PIPE_DIRECTW)
1278                 kn->kn_data = 0;
1279
1280         return (kn->kn_data >= PIPE_BUF);
1281 }